Physical Science: Romans 8: 31 "If God Is For Us, Who Can Be Against Us?"
Physical Science: Romans 8: 31 "If God Is For Us, Who Can Be Against Us?"
Physical Science: Romans 8: 31 "If God Is For Us, Who Can Be Against Us?"
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Vector Addition: Computing for the
METRIC SYSTEM
resulting or net magnitude of vector
Makes use of the base ten place value system
quantities
Convert from one metric measure to another by
Upward and Right motion
multiplying or dividing be ten or moving a
indicates positive (+) sign
decimal place.
Downward and Left motion
indicates negative (-) sign
Prefixes used in the Metric System:
Meter basic unit for length (Km)
Grams basic unit for mass (cg) 5 () + 5 () = 10 ()
Liters basic unit for volume (mL) 5 () + 5 () = 0
5 () + 10 (--) = 15 (----)
Prefix Symbol Numeral Form Scientific 5 () + -10 (--) = -5 ()
notation 5 () + -15 (----) = -10 (--)
nano n 0.000000001 1 x 10-9
micro 0.000001 1 x 10-6
milli m 0.001 1 x 10-3 Example: A care moves 20 km north, then 10 km
-2 south. What is the displacement of the car?
centi c 0.01 1 x 10
deci d 0.1 1 x 10-1
Solution: 20 km + 10 km northward (since the
deka da 10 1 x 10 resultant has positive sign it indicates a direction
hecto h 100 1 x 102 towards north)
kilo k 1000 1 x 103
PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM: to determine the result of
The SI Units of Measurement adding ONLY TWO vectors that make a RIGHT ANGLE to
each other.
English-Metric Metric-English Length a2 + b2 = c2
1 in 2.54 cm 1 cm 0.3937 in 12 in 1 ft
1 ft 0.3048 m 1 m 3.281 ft 3 ft 1 yd
1 yd 0.9144 m 1 m 10.94 yd 5280 ft 1 mile c
1 mile 1.609 km 1 km 0.6214 mi Weight a b
1 qt 0.946 L 1 L 1.057 qts 16 ou 1 lb
1 gal 3.785 L 1 L 0.2642 gal 200 lbs 1 ton
1 ou 28.35 g 1 g 0.0353 ou Volume
1 lb 453.59 g 1 g 0.0022 lb 2 cups 1 pt a
4 qt 1 gal
Example: James leaves the base camp and hikes 11 km,
SCALAR AND VECTOR QUANTITIES QRUWKDQGWKHQKLNHVNPHDVW'HWHUPLQH-DPHV
1. SCALAR: Quantities signifying magnitude only resulting displacement.
Ex: Mass, charge, length, temperature, Solution: The result (resultant) of walking 11 km
speed north and 11 km east is a vector directed northeast
as shown in the diagram to the right. Since the
2. VECTOR: Quantities signifying magnitude and northward displacement and the eastward
direction displacement are right angles to each other, the
Ex: Weight, displacement, Velocity, Pythgorean theorem can be used to determine the
Acceleration, Momentum resultant.
Example:
Mechanical Equilibrium state of an object 1. Find the acceleration of a 3.0 kg object when a
which there are no changes in motion net force of 30N acts on it?
If at rest, the state of rest persists F = ma
If moving, motion continues without 30N = 3.0 kg x a
change a = 30N/ 3.0 kg
Objects at equilibrium have net force of ZERO. a= 10 m/s2
(In the diagram above, the second example is in
mechanical equilibrium) 2. A 3 kg object requires 10N of force to accelerate it
at a certain speed. How much force will a 6 kg
Example: object require to accelerate it at the same speed?
1. What is the net force on a bathroom scale when a Since the mass is directly proportional to
50-kg person stands on it? force, as mass increases the force required
2. Suppose you stand on two bathroom scales with also increases. The 6 kg object has twice mass
your weight evenly divided between the two scales. from that of the 3 kg object so it would
What will each scale read? What happens when you require twice as much force to achieve the
stand with more of your weight on one foot than the same acceleration. Twice 10N is 20N.
other?
3. THIRD LAW OF MOTION: To every action there is
Answer: always an opposed equal reaction.
Gravitational force is equal to the support force! Whenever one object exerts a force on a second
1. Zero, as evidenced by the scale remaining at rest. object, the second object exerts an equal and
The scale reads the support force, which has the opposite force on the first.
same magnitude as weight- not the net force.