Flame Momentum
Flame Momentum
Flame Momentum
TO
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AGENDA
FLAME MOMENTUM
FLAME SHAPING
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BURNER GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
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BURNER DESIGN CONCEPT
Burner trolley
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BURNER FRONT END
Radial air channel
Axial air channel
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CONSTANTS USED IN DESIGN
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CALCULATION
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CALCULATION
Theoretical air amount, Lmin (Kg/s)
(Where 1.39 kg.air/Mcal > 4500 fuel NCV and 1.43 kg.air/Mcal < 4500
fuel NCV)
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FLAME MOMENTUM
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FLAME MOMENTUM
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PRIMARY AIR SPLIT UP - SCHEMATIC
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PRIMARY AIR MOMENTUM
Input data:
Ambient pressure: pamb mbar
Ambient temperature: tamb C
Stoichiometric combustion airflow: Lmin kg/s
Primary airflow, measured: mpr kg/s
Primary air pressure at nozzle: pN mbar
Primary air temperature: tpr C
Isentropic exponent for air: 1,4
Gas constant for air: R 286,89 J/kgK
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PRIMARY AIR MOMENTUM
m
pr
Primary air percentage: L = 100[%]
p L
min
k -1
2k p amb
R (t pr + 273,15) 1 -
k
c pr = [m / s ]
Nozzle velocity: k -1 p amb + p N
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AIRFLOW CALCULATION
Input data:-
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AIRFLOW CALCULATION
2 k +1
p amb k p amb k
Flow function: y = -
( p amb + p N ) ( p amb + p N )
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PRIMARY AIR MOMENTUM (EXAMPLE)
Input data:
Kiln production: 3949 tpd
Ambient pressure: 953 mbar
Ambient temperature: 43 C
Stoichiometric combustion air flow, Lmin: 20.21 kg/s
Axial air damper: 100% open
Radial air damper: 20% open
Nozzle coefficient: 0,95
Primary air pressure at nozzle: 197 mbar
Primary air temperature: 80 C
Air nozzle opening: 35 mm
Nozzle area: 7281 mm2
Primary air, measured: 134.5 m3/min 2,13 kg/s
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PRIMARY AIR PERCENTAGE (EXAMPLE)
2 1, 4 1
953 1, 4 953 1, 4
0,199
953 197 953 197
2 1,4 1
m pr 10 4 7281 0,95 0,199 953 197
132
, kg / s
1,4 1 286,89 80 273,15
1,32
Lp 100 6,53%
20,21
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PRIMARY AIR MOMENTUM (EXAMPLE)
Velocity:
1, 4 1
2 1,4 953
286,8980 273,15 1 193 m / s
1, 4
c pr
1,4 1 953 197
G 6, 53 1931260 % m/s
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FLAME MOMENTUM EFFECT
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NOZZLE MOVEMENT
Minimum 0 Position Maximum Position
Adjustments made
using hand wheel
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PRIMARY AIR MOMENTUM
(Nozzle max. open)
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PRIMARY AIR MOMENTUM
(Nozzle min. open)
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PRIMARY AIR MOMENTUM
Flame Momentum is a practical number in which the flame shape will be optimum for the
particular fuel.
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FLAME SHAPING
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RADIAL AIR ADJUSTMENT
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RADIAL AIR EFFECT
Fuel and
primary air
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AXIAL AIR ADJUSTMENT
Closing the axial air will make the flame softer / low
momentum and might result in the flame impingement on to
the coating.
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AIR NOZZLE ADJUSTMENT
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THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
QUESTIONS?
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