Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 48 views

    Die Design Parameters

    Uploaded by

    punkhunk
    The document discusses key parameters in die design for forging including: 1. The parting line is located at the largest cross-section of the part and may not be in a single plane for complex shapes. 2. Flash and gutters allow excess material to flow out of the die to prevent excess forging loads and are usually 3% of maximum thickness. 3. Draft angles make part removal from the die easier, with internal angles larger than external angles. 4. Fillets at corners ensure smooth metal flow and improve die life.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Die Design Parameters

    Uploaded by

    punkhunk
    48 views3 pages
    The document discusses key parameters in die design for forging including: 1. The parting line is located at the largest cross-section of the part and may not be in a single plane for complex shapes. 2. Flash and gutters allow excess material to flow out of the die to prevent excess forging loads and are usually 3% of maximum thickness. 3. Draft angles make part removal from the die easier, with internal angles larger than external angles. 4. Fillets at corners ensure smooth metal flow and improve die life.

    Original Description:

    die parameters

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses key parameters in die design for forging including: 1. The parting line is located at the largest cross-section of the part and may not be in a single plane for complex shapes. 2. Flash and gutters allow excess material to flow out of the die to prevent excess forging loads and are usually 3% of maximum thickness. 3. Draft angles make part removal from the die easier, with internal angles larger than external angles. 4. Fillets at corners ensure smooth metal flow and improve die life.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    48 views3 pages

    Die Design Parameters

    Uploaded by

    punkhunk
    The document discusses key parameters in die design for forging including: 1. The parting line is located at the largest cross-section of the part and may not be in a single plane for complex shapes. 2. Flash and gutters allow excess material to flow out of the die to prevent excess forging loads and are usually 3% of maximum thickness. 3. Draft angles make part removal from the die easier, with internal angles larger than external angles. 4. Fillets at corners ensure smooth metal flow and improve die life.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    16

    DIE DESIGN PARAMETERS

    1. Parting Line
    -

    is at the largest c/s of the part

    is a st. line at centre for simple shapes

    may not be in a single plane for complex shape

    2. Flash and Gutter

    Flash material is allowred to flow into a gutter

    Prevents unnecessary increase of forging load (because of excess/ extra flash)

    Guidelines for flash and clearance between dies:


    -

    3% of max. thickness of the forgings

    The length of the land = 2 to 5 times the flash thickness

    3. Draft Angles
    -

    For easy removal of forgings from the die

    Similar to draft in casting design

    Internal draft angles are larger 7o- 10o

    External draft angles are smaller 3o- 5o

    4. Fillet : It is a small radius provided at corners.


    -

    To ensure smooth flow of metal into die cavity

    17

    To improve die life

    As a general rule, should be as large as possible

    Small fillet radii lead to;

    Improper metal flow

    Rapid wear of die

    Fatigue cracking of dies

    5. Die material : requirements are

    Strength and toughness at elevated temperature

    Hardenability and ability to harden uniformly

    Resistance to mechanical and thermal shocks

    Wear resistance to resist abrasion wear due to scales present on work piece
    Selection of proper die material depends on :

    Die size

    Composition and properties of work piece

    Complexity of shape- no of performing steps

    Forging temperature

    Type of forging operation

    Cost of die material

    No. of forgings required

    Heat transfer from work piece to dies

    Die materials used:

    Tool and die steels with Cr, Ni, Mo, Va


    Die Manufacturing: It consists of the following steps:

    -- Initially castings

    then forged

    finally machined and finished to required shape and surface finish

    18

    Material Flow Lines in Forgings:

    Fig. Material Flow Lines

    The deformation produced by forging gives a certain degree of directionality to the


    microstructure of the work material.

    Due to this, second phases and inclusions are oriented parallel to the direction of
    greatest deformation.

    When magnified, this appears as flow lines or fiber structure, a major characteristic of
    all forgings.
    Limitation of flow lines:

    Flow lines (fiber structure) lead to lower tensile ductility and lower fatigue properties in
    the direction normal to it ( in transverse direction).

    Hence optimal balance between ductility in longitudinal and transverse directions is


    very essential. (Deformation limited to 50% to 70% reduction in c/s area.

    Source : http://elearningatria.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/mp3_unit3_forging_final.pdf

    You might also like