Introduction

Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) is one of the nomenclature in the

implementation of the K to 12 Basic Education Program (BEP) composed of four
components namely: Agri-Fishery Arts, Home Economics, Industrial Arts and
Information and Communication Technology (ICT). In this module, the focus is on an
ICT mini-course Computer Hardware Servicing.
Now that the workforce is behind in equating the number of available jobs, the
Department of Education is revitalizing its resources to prepare the young minds by
honing their skills as future hardware service providers. Thus, this module seeks to
provide students with the knowledge, skills and motivation in the field of hardware
servicing.
In this course, you will be introduced to different learning activities preparing you
to be skillful before you take the plunge into the world of work as a hardware service
provider and to feel more confident while providing support where needed. Indeed, as
learners of hardware servicing, you are a crucial link in the emergency response
process. Ideally, everyone should know what to do in an emergency situation, but
proper training can help an individual provide basic care.
This module is specifically crafted to focus on Process and Delivery enriched
with hands- on activities that will assess your level in terms of skills and knowledge.
Learning procedures are divided into different sections such as: What to Know, What
to Process, What to Reflect and Understand and What to Transfer. Examine and
perform the suggested tasks to practice developing a sustainable program,
prioritizing needs and building vision.
So, explore and experience the K to 12 TLE modules and be a step closer to
being a computer hardware service provider.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

Objectives:
At the end of this module, you are expected to:

identify the important components of a PC and their functions

familiarize occupational health and safety Procedures
distinguish the different hardware tools
perform the basic skills that are necessary to assemble and disassemble a PC

*****

At this point, you are heading into

meaningful activities and learning
encounters. Complete the exercises and
answer the suggested worksheets to
experience lifelong, practical learning
that awaits at the end of this module.
ENJOY YOUR JOURNEY!

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

Pre- assessment:
You will be challenged to dig deeper into your prior knowledge and
previous experiences about computer hardware servicing. This Phase will guide you in
assessing yourself by answering questions and many other types of evaluation for you
to further explore the basics of computer hardware servicing.
SKILLS TEST
Direction: Listed below are some of the most important skills that you must gain
in order to render quality service when you enter the real world of Computer Hardware
Servicing. Read the skills carefully. Then write Not much, if you are not really familiar,
A little and A lot, if you are familiar with the skill. Feel free to answer each skill. Write
your answers in your notebook.
Skills in Computer Hardware Servicing
I can open a computer case.
I can connect the mouse.
I can connect the keyboard.
I can connect the monitor.
I know how to use the Philip head screw driver.
I know how to use the anti- static wrist strap.
I know how to use the lint free cloth.
I can apply occupational health and safety
precautions while working.
I can remove the system fan.
I can detach the power supply from the system unit.
I know how to remove the RAM from the
motherboard.
I can remove the hard drive from the system unit.
I can install the power supply.
I know how to install the motherboard.
I can install the internal drives in a system unit.
I know how to attach RAM in the memory socket.
I can install CD / DVD drives.

Not Much

A little

A lot

Learning Goals and Targets:

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

After reading the introduction and carefully answering the pre assessment skills
test, you might have ideas of what you will be dealing with in this module. Now prepare
to set your goals and targets for this module by completing the activity below. Write your
answer in your notebook.
My goals are:

Goal 4
Goal 3
Goal 2
Goal 1

My targets are:

Target 1

Target 2

Target 3

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

Computers have become a useful part of our everyday lives. The types of
computers we use at home or at work are referred to by varied names such as PCs,
microcomputers, workstations, laptops and desktops. These computers are most
popularly referred to as personal computers or PCs, the most common type of
computer in the world.
Today, an average person uses computer-based assistance several times each
day and it becomes an integral part of our lives. So it is very important to be aware of
and understand them.
Preliminary Activity:
Direction: List five (5) hardware and software you are familiar with. Write your
answer on the bubbles provided below:
ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

Know

Lesson 1: Understanding the Computer

System
As an aspiring computer technician, it is very important to know the different
components of a computer system. These are the hardware, software and peopleware.
Each component plays an important role, without each other computer systems will not
work properly.

1.1 Hardware- the physical, touchable, electronic and mechanical parts of a computer
system.

A. Major hardware components of a computer system

The following list represents a basic set of hardware found in most PCs.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

1. System Unit- The main part of a microcomputer, sometimes called the chassis. It
includes the following parts: Motherboard, Microprocessor, Memory Chips, Buses,
Ports, Expansion Slots and Cards.

Figure 1.

Tower
Type System Unit

2. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board- The main circuit board of a computer. It

contains all the circuits and components that run the computer.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

Figure 2. Modern Motherboard

3. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main brain or heart of a
computer system. It performs all of the instructions and calculations that are needed
and manages the flow of information through a computer.

Figure 3. Examples of CPU (Intel Core 2 Duo and AMD Athlon)

4. Primary storage- (internal storage, main memory or memory) is the computer's
working storage space that holds data, instructions for processing and processed data
(information) waiting to be sent to secondary storage. Physically, primary storage is a
collection of RAM chips.
Two (2) Types of Memory
a. ROM (Read Only Memory) ROM is non-volatile, meaning it holds data even
when the power is ON or OFF.
b. RAM (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning it holds data only
when the power is on. When the power is off, RAM's contents are lost.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

Figure 4. Examples of RAM

5. Expansion Bus - A bus is a data pathway between several hardware components
inside or outside a computer. It does not only connect the parts of the CPU to each
other, but also links the CPU with other important hardware.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

Figure 5. Expansion Bus

6. Adapters- Printed-circuit boards (also called interface cards) that enable the
computer to use a peripheral device for which it does not have the necessary
connections or circuit boards. They are often used to permit upgrading to a new different
hardware.

Figure 6. Adapter (Network Adapter)

7. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the back corner of the PC case, next to the
motherboard. It converts 120vac (standard house power) into DC voltages that are used
by other components in the PC.

Figure 7. Power supply

8. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - Also known as hard drive, is a magnetic storage device that
is installed inside the computer. The hard drive is used as permanent storage for data.
In a Windows computer, the hard drive is usually configured as the C: drive and
contains the operating system and applications.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

10

Figure 8. Power supply

9. Optical Drive- An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to read data on
the optical media. There are three types of optical drives: Compact Disc (CD), Digital
Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).

Figure 9. CD ROM
10. Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) - Designed to optically access data stored on a DVD.
A laser moves back and forth near the disk surface and accesses data at a very fast
rate.

Figure 10. CD ROM

B. Input Devices - Accepts data and instructions from the user or from another
computer system.

Two (2) Types of Input Devices

1. Keyboard Entry Data is inputted to the computer through a keyboard.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

11

Keyboard - The first input device developed for the PC. Data is transferred to the
PC over a short cable with a circular 6-pin Mini-din connector that plugs into the
back of the motherboard.

Figure 11. Keyboard

2. Direct Entry A form of input that does not require data to be keyed by someone
sitting at a keyboard. Direct-entry devices create machine-readable data on paper, or
magnetic media, or feed it directly into the computers CPU.

Three Categories of Direct Entry Devices

1. Pointing Devices - An input device used to move the pointer (cursor) on screen.

Mouse - The most common 'pointing device' used in PCs. Every mouse has two
buttons and most have one or two scroll wheels.

Figure 12. Mouse

Touch screen- A display screen that is sensitive to the touch of a finger or stylus.
Used in myriad applications, including ATM machines, retail point-of-sale terminals,
car navigation and industrial controls. The touch screen became wildly popular for
smart phones and
tablets.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

12

Figure 13. Touch Screen Devices

Light Pen - A light-sensitive stylus wired to a video terminal used to draw pictures or
select menu options. The user brings the pen to the desired point on screen and
presses the pen button to make contact.

F
Figure 14. Light Pen

Digitizer Tablet - A graphics drawing tablet used for sketching new images or
tracing old ones. Also called a "graphics tablet," the user contacts the surface of the
device with a wired or wireless pen or puck.
Often mistakenly called a mouse, the puck is
officially the "tablet
cursor."

Figure 15. Digitizer Tablet

2. Scanning Devices- A device that can read text or illustrations printed on paper and
translates the information into a form the computer can use.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

13

Figure 16. Image

scanner

Figure 17. Bar Code Reader

3. Voice- Input Devices - Audio input devices also known as speech or voice
recognition systems that allow a user to send audio signals to a computer for
processing, recording, or carrying out commands. Audio input devices such as
microphones allow users to speak to the computer in order to record a voice message
or navigate software.

Figure 18. Microphones

C. Output Devices - Any piece of computer hardware that displays results after the
computer has processed the input data that has been entered.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

14

1. Computer Display Monitor- It displays information in visual form, using text and
graphics. The portion of the monitor that displays the information is called the
screen or video display terminal.
Types of Monitor
a. CRT Monitors - Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT) were the only type of displays for use
with desktop PCs. They are relatively big (14" to 16" deep) and heavy (over 15 lbs).

Figure 19. Cathode Ray Tube Monitor

b. LCD Monitors - Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) technology has been used in laptops
for some time. It has recently been made commercially available as monitors for
desktop PCs.

Figure 20. Liquid Crystal Display Monitor

c. LED
Monitors
(Light Emitting Dio
and
lighting

de) - A display
technology used

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

15

in almost every electrical and electronic product on the market, from a tiny on/off
light to digital readouts, flashlights, traffic lights and perimeter lighting.

Figure 21. Light Emitting Diode Monitor

2. LCD Projectors- utilize two sheets of polarizing material

with a liquid crystal solution between them. An electric
current passed through the liquid causes the crystals to
align so that light cannot pass through them. Each crystal,
therefore, is like a shutter, either allowing light to pass
through or blocking the light.
Figure
22. LCD Projector
3. Smart Board - A type of display screen that has a touch sensitive transparent panel
covering the screen, which is similar to a touch screen.

Figure 23. Smart Board

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

16

4. Printer - A device that prints text or illustrations on paper.

Types of printer

Ink-Jet or Bubble-Jet Printer - bprays ink at a sheet of

paper. Ink-jet printers produce high-quality text and
graphics.
Figure 24. Ink- Jet Printer

Laser Printer - Uses the same technology as copy

machines. Laser printers produce very high quality text
and graphics.

Figure 25. Laser Printer

LCD and LED Printer- Similar to a laser printer, but uses

liquid crystals or light-emitting diodes rather than a laser to
produce an image on the drum.

Figure 26. LCD Printer

Line Printer - Contains a chain of characters or pins that

print an entire line at one time. Line printers are very fast,
but produce low-quality print.
Figure 27.
Line Printer

Thermal Printer- An inexpensive printer that works by pushing heated pins against
heat-sensitive paper. Thermal printers are widely used in calculators and fax
machines.

Figure 28. Thermal Printer

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

17

5. Speakers - Used to play sound. They may be built into the system unit or connected
with cables. Speakers allow you to listen to music and hear sound effects from your
computer.
D. Ports - External connecting sockets on the outside of the computer. This is a
pathway into and out of the computer. A port lets users plug in outside peripherals, such
as monitors, scanners and printers.
Table 1. The Ports and their function

Type of Port

Function

Serial Port

Intended for serial type

mouse and older camera

Parallel Port

Also called as printer port.

This is only for old model
printer. It has 25 pins. It is a
female port.

VGA (Video Graphic

Array) Port

Used to connect monitors.

It has 15 pins and it is a
female port.

USB (Universal Serial

Bus) Port

High speed serial interface

that is used with almost all
devices. It is used to
connect
latest
model
printers, pen drives, cell

Illustration

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

18

phones etc. it has 4 pins.

PS/2 Port

Simple, 6-pin, low-speed

serial
connections
commonly dedicated to a
keyboard and mouse.

Power Port

Intended for power cord.

Type of Port

Function

S-Video Port

S-Video connections are

available on certain source
components and video
display devices, and offer a
higher level of video
performance
over
composite video signals.

Audio Port

Intended for plugging in the

speaker or headset.

Illustration

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

19

LAN (Local Area

Networking) Port

A physical interface often

used for terminating twisted
pair type cables used to
connect computers onto a
local-area networks (LAN),
especially Ethernet RJ-45
connectors

E. Cables and Wires- A cable is most often two or more wires running side by side and
bonded, twisted or braided together to form a single assembly, but can also refer to a
heavy strong rope.
Table 2. The Cables and Connectors
Illustration

Function
These jacks are intended for
the PS/2 port specifically for
PS/2 type of keyboard and
mouse.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

20

This type of jack is intended

for the audio and microphone
port.

Illustration

Function
S-video jack is obviously for
S-Video port

This monitor jack is intended

for the VGA (Video Graphic
Array) port

This USB (Universal Serial

Bus) plug is intended for USB
port. Modern or new model of
peripherals
like
printer,
ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

21

camera, scanners and even

other
portable
computer
attachments used USB type
of plugs.

This printer cable jack is

intended for the parallel port.

RJ45 ("RJ" in RJ45 stands for

"registered jack," since it is a
standardized networking
interface and the "45" simply
refers to the number of the
interface standard) is a type
of connector commonly used
for Ethernet networking.

Illustration

Function

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

22

Power cord is the most

important cord because it
connects the computer to the
main source of electricity to
make it functional.

1.2 Software is the set of instructions (also called a program) that guides the hardware
to operate effectively. Software can be split into two main types:

MAC

1. System Software Any software required to support the production or execution of

application programs, but which is not specific to any particular application. Common
operating systems include Windows, the Macintosh OS, OS/2 and UNIX.

2. Application Software Designed to help the user to perform singular or multiple

related tasks. Examples of application software are as follows:
a. Word processing software - Creates, edits, saves, and prints documents.
Example: MS Word, WordPerfect, Ami Pro, MacWrite.
b. Spreadsheet software - An electronic spreadsheet consisting of rows and columns
is used to present and analyze data. Example: MS Excel, Lotus 123, Quattro Pro.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

23

W
DO
IN
W

c. Database management software - Used to structure a database, a large collection

of computer programs. Data is organized as fields and records for easy retrieval.
Example: MS Access, dBase, Fox Pro, Oracle.
d. Graphic software - Graphics programs display results of data manipulation for
easier analysis and presentation. Example: Macromedia Flash, Harvard Graphics,
3D Studio Max, Adobe Photoshop
1.3 People ware - Refers to people involved in the data
processing operations such as the system administrator,
office workers, students and others.

Process
Task 1: Performance Test
Direction: Given the different cables, identify their functions as well as the part of
computer system each one supports.
2.

3.

5.

4.

6.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

24

7.

8.

Task 2:
Direction: In the puzzle below, look for the 10 hidden computer components and give
their role on the computer system.
REVEAL THE PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
C G M M Q F Y L W K C P A H K H G C N H
P O R K I R X N A A O A U A K B M P H U
Z A M Z W G W P X W A F V R Q V X U M Y
Q U I P R Y P T E X V I R D B W A O R B
I R T B A R S R U Y L G R D V J B O C U
A O N R D C S G S I L N H I Q S M I L X
C U H L Q U T Z G D C J F S E E J K O U
N H X S P U P D A K O Z X K M T Y U Z S
G H L P F H G P I Z T A F D O U U F T R
A S L W W T R A O S Q F A R E H B G M O
R Y B E A E M J I X K P I I X E C F H T
E S A C M E T S Y S D D E V W T I D V I
K W M I Q K K I S I O R R E I L D F F N
L E I O M E H Y A S K S A I I D G Z K O
M Q U N D H M R W O Q U H O V K T M J M
W P T H E R M K Z W J U B J B E A P Q Z
K Z Z M L H M O U S E C K Y C Y V Y S D
Y B Y V X E W P L Q Q Y O V N H E Z H D
R N F H T U B U G L S N P F J W N K N J
M J G N Y H V J D U G F L U X O M K D A

1. ____________________
2. ____________________

3. ____________________
4. ____________________

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

25

5. ____________________
6. ____________________
7. ____________________

13.
14.

8. ____________________
9. ____________________
10. ____________________

2.

7.

3.

8.

4.

9.

5.

10.

6.
12.

11.
16.

20.

17.

21.

Reflect and Understand

18.

15.

19.

22.
23.

24.

25. Task 1:
26.

1. View actual personal computer and discuss its parts and function.
2.

ICT- COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING

26

3. Utilizing the Internet and the website YouTube, view a video regarding parts of
the computer. Use the URLs below:
4.
1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9gYVKPczRA
2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=bySnX9ZHYvo&feature=player_embedded
5.

6.
7.
After watching the videos, answer the following questions:
o Can you cite the different parts/ components of computer showed in
the video presentation?
o Do the components play an important role in the computer system?
Explain your answer.

8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Transfer
14.
15.
16. Direction: Draw and label the different hardware of a computer. After drawing
and labeling the hardware components, group them into Input Devices, Output
Devices and Storage Devices.
17.
18. PERSONAL COMPUTER

19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.

40.
41.
42.

Know

45.
46.
47. Preliminary Activity: Pre- Test
48.

43.
44.

49. Direction: Select the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
50.
51. 1. Which tool is used for hardware to stand on to prevent static electricity from
building up?
52.
a. Anti-static mat
c. Philips head screwdriver
53.
b. Hex driver
d. Wire cutter
54. 2. Which tool is used to loosen or tighten cross-head screws?
55.
a. Anti-static mat
c. Philips head screwdriver
56.
b. Hex driver
d. Wire cutter
57. 3. Which tool is sometimes called a nut driver? It is used to tighten nuts in the
same
58. way that a screwdriver tightens screws?
59.
a. Anti-static mat
c. Philips head screwdriver
60.
b. Hex driver
d. Wire cutter
61. 4. Which tool is used to strip and cut wires?
62.
a. Anti-static mat
c. Philips head screwdriver
63.
b. Hex driver
d. Wire cutter
64. 5. Which tool is used to retrieve parts from location that are too small for your
hand to
65. fit?
66.
a. Part Retriever
c. Cable ties
67.
b. Lint-free Cloth
d. Flat head screwdriver
68. 6. Which tool is used to clean different computer components without scratching
or leaving debris?
69.
a. Part Retriever
c. Cable ties
70.
b. Lint-free Cloth
d. Flat head screwdriver
71. 7. Which tool is used to bundle cables neatly inside and outside of a computer?
72.
a. Part Retriever
c. Cable ties
73.
b. Lint-free Cloth
d. Flat head screwdriver
74. 8. Which tool is used to loosen or tighten slotted screws?
75.
a. Part Retriever
c. Cable ties
76.
b. Lint-free Cloth
d. Flat head screwdriver
77. 9. Which tool is used to loosen or tighten screws that have a star-like depression
on the top, a feature that is mainly found on laptop?
78.
a. Anti-static mat
c. Philips head screwdriver
79.
b. Torx screwdriver
d. Wire cutter
80. 10. Which tool is used to blow away dust and debris from different computer
parts without touching the components?
81.
a. Anti-static mat
c. Compressed air
82.
b. Hex driver
d. Wire cutter
83.
84. Lesson2: Use of Tools in PC Hardware Servicing
85.
86.
To complete hardware repairs, it is important to have a toolkit that should
contain all of the necessary tools. As you gain experience, you will learn which tools to

have available for different types of jobs. Hardware tools are grouped into these four
categories:
87.
88.
Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) tools
89.
Hand tools
90.
Cleaning tools
91.
Diagnostic tools
92.
93. Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) Tools
94.
95.
Static electricity is easily generated by friction on carpets, tile flooring,
clothing, hair, fabric, and etc. The friction of moving air alone will charge suspended
particles and cause the buildup of static electrical charges on people and objects in the
environment. Grounded antistatic work mats used with antistatic wrist straps provide the
most basic means for the controlled discharge of electrostatic electricity.
96.
97.
Examples of ESD Tools:
98.
99.
Anti-static wrist strap Used to prevent ESD
damage to computer equipment.

100.
101.
102.
103.
wrist strap

110.
111.
112.
113.

Figure 29. Anti- static

104.
Anti-static mat Used to stand on or place
hardware on to prevent static electricity from building up.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
Figure 30. Anti- static mat

Hand Tools

114.
115. A hand tool is a device for performing work on a material or a physical
system using only hands. Hand tools can be used manually or electrically powered,
using electrical current. Examples of Hand Tools are as follows:
116.
117.
Table 3. Hand Tools
118.
Tool
119.
Description
120.

121.
122.

123.

Flat Head Screwdriver Used to

loosen or tighten slotted screws.

124.
125.

Philips Head Screwdriver Used to

loosen or tighten cross-head screws.

126.

127.

128.
129.
Torx Screwdriver - Used to loosen or tighten screws
that have a star-like depression on the top, a feature that is
mainly found on laptop.
130.

131.

132.
133.
Hex Driver Sometimes called a nut driver, is used
to tighten nuts in the same way that a screwdriver tightens
screws.
134.

135.

144.
146.

149.

136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
Tool

Needle-Nose Pliers Used to hold small parts.

145.
147.
148.

150.
151.
152.

Description

Wire Cutter Used to strip and cut wires.

Tweezers Used to manipulate small parts.

153.

154.
155.
Part Retriever Used to retrieve parts from location
that is too small for your hand to fit.
156.

157.

158.
159.
Flashlight Used to light up areas that you cannot
see well.
160.

161.
162.

Cleaning Tools

163. Having the appropriate cleaning tools is essential when maintaining or

repairing computers. Using these tools ensures that computer components are not
damaged during cleaning. Examples:
164.
165.
Table 4. Cleaning Tools
166.
Tools
167.
Description
168.
169.
170.
Lint-free Cloth Used to clean different computer
components without scratching or leaving debris.
171.

172.
174.

Tools

173.
175.
176.

Description

Compressed Air Used to blow away dust and

debris from different computer parts without
touching the components.

177.

178.

182.

179.
180.
Cable Ties Used to bundle cables neatly inside
and outside of a computer.
181.

183.
184.

185.

186.
187.
188.

Diagnostic Tools

Parts Organizer Used to hold screw, jumpers,

fasteners and other small parts and prevents
them from getting mixed together.

189. Computers are easier to use and more dependable with each new
generation of hardware and operating system update, but that does not mean they are
problem-free. Here are the most popular tools for diagnosing your computer problems:
190.
191.
Table 5. Diagnostic tools
192.
Tools
193.
Description
194.
195.
196.
Multimeter Used to test the integrity of circuits
and the quality of electricity in computer components.
197.

198.

199.
200.
Loopback Adapter Used to test the functionality
of computer ports.
201.

202.

1.
2.
3.
4.

203.
Proper Use of ESD Tools
204.
205.
Proper Use of Antistatic Wrist Strap
Connect the cable to the metal chassis of the computer.
Wrap the strap around your wrist.
The connection will keep your body at the same voltage
(potential) as the computer.
Attach the wire on the same side of the equipment as
the arm wearing the antistatic wrist strap to keep the
wire out of the way while you are working.
206. Figure 31.
Proper Use of Anti- static wrist strap
207.
208. CAUTION: Never wear an
antistatic wrist strap if you are
repairing a monitor or CRT.
209.
210. Proper Use of Antistatic Mat

211.
212.
213.
214.
215.

1. Lay the computer on the mat.

2. Connect the computer to the mat with the cable.
3. Connect the mat to a reliable electrical ground with its cable.
4. Now, you and the computer are at ground potential.

216.
217.
218.

Figure 32. Proper Use of Anti- static mat

219.

220.
221.
Proper Use of Hand Tools
1. Use the proper type and size of screwdriver by matching it to the screw.
2. Do not over tighten screws because the threads may become stripped.
222.
223.
CAUTION: If excessive force is needed to remove or add a component,
something
224. may be wrong.
225.
CAUTION: Magnetized tools should not be used around electronic
devices.
226.
CAUTION: Pencils should not be used inside the computer because the
pencil lead can act as a conductor and may damage the computer
components.
227.
228.
Proper Use of Cleaning Materials
229.
230.
To clean computers and accessories:
1. Use mild cleaning solution and lint-free cloth to clean computer cases, outside of
monitor, LCD screen, CRT screen and mouse.
2. Use compressed air to clean heat sinks.
3. Use Isopropyl alcohol and lint-free swabs to clean RAM.
4. Use hand-held vacuum cleaner with a brush attachment to clean a keyboard.
231.
232.
CAUTION: Before cleaning
any device, turn it off and
unplug the device from the
power source.

233.
234.
235.
236.
237.
238.
239.
240.
Process
241.
242.
243.
Task 1: Name a Tool
244.
245.
Directions: Name the tools presented below. Write your answers on the
space provided before each tool.
246.

247.
248.
249.
250.
251.

256.
257.

252.
1.

258.
2.

253.
254.

259.
260.

255.
8.

261.
9.

262.
263.

264.
3.

268.
269.

4.

274.
275.

5.

280.
281.

6.

286.
287.

292.
293.
294.
295.

270.

276.

282.

288.
7.

265.
266.

267.
10.

271.
272.

11.

277.
278.

12.

283.
284.

13.

289.
290.

273.

279.

285.

291.
14.

296.
297.
Task 2: Performance test
298.
299.
Directions: Using the different available tools in the laboratory, you will
segregate the tools according to their classification whether it is an ESD tool,
Hand tool, cleaning tool or a diagnostic tool. You will be rated according to the
scoring rubric below:
300.
(Note: the teacher will provide the different tools)
301.
Classification of Tools
302.
Scoring Rubrics
303.
304.
Criteria
306.
Score
305.
Number of tools classified:
307.
20- 22
309.
10
308.
310.
15- 19
312.
8
311.
313.
10- 14
315.
6
314.
316.
5-9
318.
4
317.
319.
1-4
321.
2
320.
322.
323.
324. Reflect and Understand
325.
326.
1. Watch the video presentations on youtube using the following URL:
327.
328.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7M6_VeDhJE&feature=related

329.
2. After watching the presentation, you must answer the following questions:
What is your observation on the video being presented to you?
What are the tools you are familiar with?

 Do you think those tools are essential in computer hardware servicing?

Explain your answer.
330.
331.
332.
333.
334.
335.
336.

Transfer
337.

338.
Task 1: Clean it up!!
339.
Direction: Complete the computer cleaning chart shown below. Indicate
the appropriate tools to be used in cleaning the different computer components.
340.

342.
344.
346.
348.
350.
352.
354.
356.

341.
COMPUTER MAINTENANCE
COMPONENTS TO CLEAN
343.
CLEAN WITH:
Computer case
345.
Mouse
347.
Keyboard
349.
Monitor
351.
Speaker
353.
Cooling fan
355.
Heat sink
357.

358.

359.
Task 2: Lets do it!
360.
Direction: Use the appropriate tools to do each of the following tasks.
Safety precautions must be observed while working.
361.
362.
1. Loosen computer casing screws.
363.
2. Blow away dust from keyboard.
364.
3. Tighten screws of a PC.
365.
4. Bundle cables inside the computer.
366.
5. Test functionality of the printer port.
367.
Scoring Rubrics:
368.
Task
369.
Was the tool
used accurately?

371.

372.

es
373.
374.
1. Loosen computer
casing screws
375.
2. Blow away dust from
keyboard
376.
3. Tighten screws of a PC
377.
4. Bundle cables inside
the computer
378.
5. Test functionality of the
printer port
379.
382.
383.
384.
385.

380.

N
o

381.

Note: Each YES for accurate use of tools will be equivalent to 2 points.
Total Score= Number of YES for accurate used of tools.

Know

386.
387.
388.

389.
Preliminary Activity:

390.
391.
392.
Direction: Fill up the diagram below with the things you think will be
harmful when doing a hardware repair.
393.
394.

395.
396.

Lesson3: Occupational Health and Safety Procedures

397.
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control

398.
399.
400. Occupational safety and health (OSH) is a planned system of working to
prevent illness and injury where you work by recognizing and identifying hazards and
risks. Health and safety procedure is the responsibility of all persons in the computer

and technology industries. You must identify the hazards where you are working and
decide how dangerous they are. Eliminate the hazard or modify the risk that it presents.
401.
There are three steps to manage health and safety at work: (1.) Spot the
Hazard (Hazard Identification), (2.) Assess the Risk (Risk Assessment) and (3.)
Make the Changes (Risk Control). You can use these three Think Safe steps to
help prevent accidents at work
402.
The Think Safe Steps
403.
1. Spot the Hazard
404. A hazard is anything that could hurt you or someone else.
405.
Examples of workplace hazards include:
frayed electrical cords (could result in electrical shock)
boxes stacked precariously (they could fall on someone)
noisy machinery (could result in damage to your hearing)
406.
During working hours, you must remain alert to anything that may be
dangerous. If you see, hear or smell anything odd, take note. If you think it could
be a hazard, tell someone.
407.
408.
2. Assess the Risk
409. Assessing the risk means working out how likely it is that a hazard will
harm someone and how serious the harm could be.
410.
Whenever you spot a hazard, assess the risk by asking yourself two
questions:
411.
How likely is it that the hazard could harm me or someone else?
412.
How badly could I or someone else be harmed?
413. Always tell someone (your employer, your supervisor or your health and
safety representative) about hazards you can't fix yourself, especially if the hazard could
cause serious harm to anyone.
414. For example, (1)Ask your supervisor for instructions and training before
using equipment, (2)Ask for help moving or lifting heavy objects, and (3) Tell your
supervisor if you think a work practice could be dangerous.
415.
If you are not sure of the safest way to do something during work
experience, always ask your supervisor.
416.
417.
3. Make the Changes
418. It is your employer's responsibility to fix hazards. Sometimes you may be
able to fix simple hazards yourself, as long as you don't put yourself or others at risk.
For example, you can pick up things from the floor and put them away to eliminate a trip
hazard.
419.
420.
Common hazards encountered by computer technicians and users

421.
422. A hazard is a situation in the workplace that has the potential to harm the
health and safety of people or to damage plant and equipment. The situation could
involve a task, chemical or equipment used. Hazard management is a continuous
process that can be used to improve the health and safety of all workplaces.
423.
424.
Physical Hazards
425. One of the most common physical hazards involving computer technicians
is cables running across the floor. If someone trips, falls, and hurts himself because of a
cable you ran across the floor, someone (you, your employer, or your customer) has a
serious legal negligence problem. If you need to temporarily run a cable across the
floor, place a Danger sign similar to those "wet floor" signs used by cleaning services.
426.
For cables that are temporary but will need to run across the floor for a
longer period of time, use "gaffers tape". Gaffers tape is a heavy tape with strong
adhesive to stick to the floor. For long term cable routing there is a wide variety of
cable organizing devices like cable ties, cable wraps, and cable raceways which
can be used to run cable safely along the wall or ceiling.
427.
428. Other common physical hazards include leaving tools on top of ladders
and placing electronic equipment in precarious positions or on support that is not sturdy
enough or not designed for holding electronic equipment.
429.
430.
Mechanical Hazards
431. When working on electronic equipment, ask yourself "Is there any way this
equipment could hurt me? You might stick your hand in a printer and suddenly the
paper feed arm moves, feeding not only paper through the printer, but a piece of your
finger too.
432. You might move your hand past a computer chassis and lose a chunk of
flesh because it is razor sharp. When working on electronic equipment always be alert
to any possibility of being hurt by moving parts, hot components, or sharp edges.
433.
434.
Chemical Hazards
435. There is a wide array of chemicals used with electronic equipment. There
are display cleaning chemicals, keyboard cleaning chemicals, compressed gas dirt and
dust removers, and many cleaning solvents. Some of these chemicals can be harmful if
accidentally swallowed, get on bare skin, or get in eyes. Before using any chemicals for
electronic equipment always read the warnings and instructions on the label.
436.
Also be very careful when dealing with inkjet printer cartridges, or laser
printer toner cartridges. Ink and toner can stain skin, clothing and carpet.
437.
438.
Electric Shock Hazard

439. Inside computers and electronic equipment, there is a range of voltages

from 3.3 volts to 25 volts, most of which are harmless. But at the power supply, you will
find line voltage, which is a lethal 220 volts.
440.
441.
The workplace should have safety guidelines to
follow to:
Protect people from injury
Protect equipment from damage
Protect the environment from contamination
442.
443.
Safety Precautions when working:
1. Always ground or discharge yourself before touching any part of the computer.
2. Do not work alone so that there is someone who can take care of you in case of
accident or emergency.
3. Be careful with the tools that may cause short circuit.
4. Always full the cable connector on the handle and not hold on the cable itself.
5. Use only rubber shoes when standing on the ground or in a concrete floor.
6. Make sure that the pins are properly aligned when connecting a cable connector.
7. Always power off and unplug the computer before working on it.
8. Take away any liquid such as mineral water or soft drinks near your working area
or near computers.
9. Contingency measures during workplace accidents, fire, and other emergencies
are recognized.
10. Personal protective equipment is correctly used in accordance with organization
procedures and practice.
11. Hazard/risks in the workplace and their corresponding indicators are identified to
minimize or eliminate risk to coworkers, workplace, and environment.
12. Take necessary precautions to protect the component of the computer from
damaged caused by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD).
13. Hold the components by edges and do not touch the ICs.
14. Read and follow instructions on the manual carefully.
15.
Do not use excessive force if things do not quite slip into place.
444.
445.
Fire Safety Guidelines
Know the location of fire extinguishers, how to use
them and which to use for electrical fires and for
combustible fires.
Find an escape route in case a fire gets out of control.

 Know how to contact emergency services quickly

Keep the workspace clean.
Keep most solvents in a separate area.
446.
447.
448.
449.
450.
451.
452.
453.
Process
454.
455.
456.
Task 1: Identifying Safety Precautions
457.
458.
A. Directions: On the table provided below, list down the safety
precautions applicable for people, equipment and the environment. Use the
safety precautions when working as your reference.
459.
462.

People

460.
463.

Equipment

461.
464.

Environment

465.
466.
.
467.
468.
469.
470.

471.
472.
473.
474.
475.
476.
477.

B. Direction : Identify what hazard is being illustrated in the situation below

__________ 1. Slippery computer laboratory floor
__________ 2. Hot components, or sharp edges of computer devices
__________ 3. Laser printer toner
__________ 4. Obstructed electrical cables
__________ 5. Open CRT monitor

Reflect and Understand

Task 1: Short Interview

478.
Directions: Conduct an interview with a skilled computer technician and
ask the following guide questions:
1. What are your personal preparations for your own safety when working?
2. What are the other safety precautions that you apply when working?
3. What are your tips for beginners like us in adhering with the safety precautions?
479.
480.
Task 2 : Time to Browse
481.
482.
Directions: Using the internet, read more eBooks about occupational
health and safety precautions. Also you can watch video presentations featuring
safety precautions when working. Have a note or hard copy of what you have
researched. You may use the following web sites as your reference:
1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SuRymEHxm3I
2. http://danreb.com/sites/default/files/CHS-NC2%20Reviewer%20-%20With
%20Oral%20Questioning_0.pdf
3. http://info.psu.edu.sa/psu/cis/kalmustafa/CISCO/Lecture
%20Slides/ITE_PC_v40_Chapter2.pdf
483.
484.
485.
486.
Transfer
487.
488.
489.
Task: I Care for Safe Work
490.
491.
Direction: Observe the set-up of your schools Computer Laboratory. Pay
attention to the procedures and arrangement being practiced and used in the
workplace. Identify hazards and assess the risk based on your observations.
492.
493.
Spot the hazard
494.
495.
If you spot something hazardous, what should you do?
496.
Simple hazard (e.g. boxes on the floor that get in the way)
497.
498.
499.
________________________________________________________________________
500.
________________________________________________________________________
501.
________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
502.

503.
504.
505.
More complex hazard (e.g. frayed cords, damaged equipment)
506.
507.
________________________________________________________________________
508.
________________________________________________________________________
509.
________________________________________________________________________
510.
___________________________________________________________
511.
512.
513.
514.
515.
Assess the risk
516.
517.
What two main things should the person in charge or responsible for
safety consider when assessing the risk?
518.
519.
520.
________________________________________________________________________
521.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
522.
____________________________________________________________
523.
524.
525.
526.
527.
Know
528.
529.
530.
531.
Preliminary Activity: Skills Test
532.
Direction: Listed below are some of the most important skills that you
must gain in order for you to render quality service when you enter the real world
of Computer Hardware Servicing. Read carefully the skills then put a check mark
in Not much if you are not really familiar, A little if you have a little knowledge and
A lot if you are familiar with the skill. Feel free to answer each skill.
533.
534.
Skills in Computer Hardware Servicing
535.
536.
537.
Not
A
A
Mu
l

ch

538.

I can open a computer case.

539.

i
t
t
l
e
540.

542.

I can connect the mouse.

543.

544.

545.

546.

I can connect the keyboard.

547.

548.

549.

550.

I can connect the monitor.

551.

552.

553.

541.

554.
I can detach the power supply from the
555.
556.
557.
system unit.
558.
I know how to remove the RAM from
559.
560.
561.
the motherboard.
562.
I can remove the hard drive from the
563.
564.
565.
system unit.
566.
567.
Lesson 4: Assembly and Disassembly of a Personal Computer
568.
569.
One of the basic skills that you must acquire in computer hardware
servicing is to independently assemble and disassemble a personal computer or
simply setting up a PC. After familiarizing with all the tools and safety precautions
I believe that you are now ready to gain another experience in CHS by going
through this lesson.
570.
571.
Personal Computer Disassembly
572.
573.
Before starting computer disassembly, make sure you have the
tools you need and they're all close by and handy and be sure to have a
container to keep the screws in so you have them when you want to put things
back together.

574.
575.
Step1. Unplugging - The first thing you do is to unplug every cable that is
plugged in to your computer. That includes the cables such as Power, USB,
Mouse, Keyboard, Internet, Ethernet, Modem, AM\FM Antenna, Cable TV, etc.
Just unplug all the cables for safety purposes.
576.
577.
Now that your computer is fully unplugged, move your PC to a
clean work space, preferably a carpet. The carpet is better than tile, because
screws and other small parts will roll around.
578.
579.
Step2. Opening the Outer Shell/Case- First, unscrew the four screws at
the back of the computer. On most computer cases, there will be large knobs that
you can unscrew by hand or by screw driver on the back-right side of the
computer. The left side has small screws because on that side you can't access
much
on
the
inside.
580.
581.
582.
583.
584.
585.
586.
587.
588.
589.
590.
591.

Figure 33. Screw at the back of computer chasis

592.
593. Once the screws are removed, you can remove the side panels. On most
computers, they just slide off. Start with the left side panel (the side that once had the
knobs), slide it towards the back of the computer. Now you can remove the left panel.
Just like the other side, slide it towards the back of
the computer.
Side Panel
594.
595.
596.
597.
598.
599.
600.

601.
602.
603.
604.
605.

CPU Fan

Figure 34. Removing the side panel

606.

607.
NOTICE:
If you are working on a carpet, about every five minutes touch something that is
grounded (Sink faucet / pipe, wire coming from the ground part of a wall outlet).
This is done so you do not shock your motherboard or other parts.
608.
Step3. Removing the System Fan - First, unplug the fan from the motherboard.
You can find the plug by following the wire from the fan. It should be labeled
"SYS_FAN1". Next, you will have to unscrew the fan from the outside. You
should now be able to lift the fan out of the PC.
609.
610.
611.
612.
613.
614.
615.
616.
System Fan
617.
618.
619.
620.
621. Figure 35. Removing the system fan
622.
623.
Step4. Removing the CPU Fan- The CPU fan is located right on top of
the CPU heat sink, which is a large piece of metal with fins on the top. The CPU
fan plugs into the motherboard in an awkward place, that is hard to access. But
just follow the wires and you should easily find it. It is labeled "CPU FAN1". To
remove the fan from the heat sink, remove the four screws securing it in place.
624.
625.
626.
627.
628.
629.
630.

631.
632.
633.
634.
635.
636.
637.
638. Figure 36. Removing the CPU fan
639.
640.
Step5. Power Supply - The first thing to do is unplug every wire coming
from the power supply. You must disconnect the motherboard (very large
connector/plug), CD/DVD drive(s) power, internal hard drive power and portable
hard drive slot power.
641.
642. Once everything is unplugged, unscrew the four screws holding the power
supply in place, on the back of the computer. Next, push the power supply from the
outside, and then lift it out.
643.
644.
645.
646.
647.
648.
649.
650.
651.
652.
653.
654.
655.
656. Figure 37. Unscrew the power supply
657.
658.
Step6. CD/ DVD Drive(s)- First, unplug the ribbon from the back of the
drive. Once that is completed, pull on the tab securing the drive in place, then
push it out from the inside.
659.
660.
661.
662.
CD / DVD Drive
663.

664.
665.
666.
667.
668.
669.
671.

670.
Figure 38. Location of CD / DVD Drive
672.

673.
674.
Step7. Hard Drive - First, unplug the connector at the back of the slot,
and unplug the other end from the motherboard. Also unplug the SATA cable
from the motherboard and the hard drive. The portable hard drive slot is secured
the same way the CD/DVD drive is, with a tab. Pull on the tab, then slide the slot
out.
675.
676.
677.
678.
679.
680.
681.
682.
683.
684.
685.
686.
687.

Figure 39. Unplugging the Hard Drive connector

688.
689.
To remove the hard drive from the side of the slot, unscrew the four
screws securing it in place. You must be very careful not to drop the hard drive,
since it is very delicate!
690.
691.
692.
693.
694.
695.
696.
697.

698.
699.
700.
701. Figure 40. Removing the hard drive from the side of the slot
702.
703.
Step8. Memory (RAM) - To remove the RAM, push down on both tabs
holding the RAM in place, which are located at both ends of the RAM.
704.
705.
706.
707.
708.
709.
710.
711.
712.
713.
714.
715. Figure 41. Removing the Memory
716.
717.
Step9. Motherboard - The motherboard has seven screws holding it to
the frame, which are indicated by large white circles around them. Remove them
and then lift the motherboard out of the frame.
718.
719.
720.
721.
722.
723.
724.
725.
726.
727.
728.
Figure 42. Removing the Motherboard
729.
730.Now that you are done with the disassembly, you have gained enough
skills.
731.Next in line is the PC Assembly, exert more effort and patience. Just follow
the732.
step by step procedures and illustrations below and surely you can make it.
Good Luck!!!
733.
734.
735.
Step by Step Computer Assembly

736.
737.
Step 1. Prepare your workplace
738.
739.
1. Take Inventory:
740. Before you start, take an inventory of your parts. Do not begin assembling
your computer if you don't have everything you need. Begin the step-by-step process
once you are ready with everything you need.
741.

742.

Figure 43. Take inventory of the Different Computer Parts

743.
744.
2. Make Space, Make Time:
745. Building a PC takes up space - about a dining room table worth. So make
sure you have plenty of working room and a few hours to proceed with minimal
interruption. Work on a flat, stable table top surface, or bare floor, where you have room
to layout all of the items.
746.
747.
3. Prepare Grounding Protection:
748. Use an inexpensive antistatic wrist strap. It is the perfect preventive
measure if you have no alternative to working on carpet. Remember, a table top or bare
floor is always the best place to build your system. Make sure you are wearing your
antistatic wrist strap correctly (it does you no good at all if you do not wear it!), and you
are ready to proceed. Look at Figure 42 for details.

749.

750.

Figure 44. Wearing the Anti- static Wrist Strap Correctly

751.

752.
753.
4. Have the Drivers Ready:
754. Assuming you have another internet connected PC, download the latest
drivers from the vendors' websites for each component you will be installing.
Sometimes drivers are updated between the time the component was manufactured
and the time you are installing it. It is always best to have the latest. Copy them to a
CD for easy access.
755.
756.
Step 2. Prepare the Motherboard
757.
1. Great care should be taken when installing the motherboard. First, take the board
out of its packaging and put it on top of the antistatic bag it came in (see Figure
45). Remember, you always want to safeguard your components from potentially
hazardous static electricity (wear your strap).

758.
759.
760.
761.
762.
763.

768.

764.
765.
766.
767.
Figure 45. Motherboard in an Antistatic Bag

769.
2. Before you secure the motherboard onto the PC case/chassis, inspect it carefully
for any visible defects.
3. Next, review the motherboard manual, to make sure you are familiar with the
motherboard layout and understand which socket is which. Manuals are
extremely helpful, usually easy to read, and include illustrations. Below you can
find instructions on how to install the processor, the heat sink and the memory
modules on the motherboard. You should not place the motherboard in the
computer case until you are told to do so.
770.
771.
Step 3. Install the CPU
772.
1. Use the unlocking mechanism to
open the CPU socket which is
usually a lever.
2. Carefully line up the pins and place
the chip in its socket; it will fit only
when oriented the proper way. An
arrow or a missing pin on one
corner of the chip will show you how
to line things up.
3. Align Triangular CPU and socket
key marks as shown in Figure 46.
4. Lower the lever to lock the CPU into
place.
773.
Figure 46. Install CPU
774.
775.
Step 4. Install the CPU Heat Sink
776.
1. Follow the manufacturer's directions to install the heat sink and the fan that will
cool the processor. If you bought an OEM CPU and a separate heat sink, you
may need to spread a thin layer of the thermal grease that came with the heat
sink over the chip to ensure proper transfer of heat (some heat sinks come with
this grease already applied).
777.
778.

779.
780.
781.
782.
783.
784.
785.
786.
787.
788.
789.
790.
791.
792.
793.

Figure 47. Install CPU Heat Sink

3. Attach the clip that holds the heat sink in place keeping in mind that it may
require a fair amount of force. Again, follow the instructions that came with the
heat sink. They will show you how to fit it correctly. If you are in doubt, you can
visit the manufacturer's website for more information.
4. Plug the CPU fan's power connector into the proper connector on the
motherboard.
794.
Step 5. Install Memory (RAM Modules)
795. In order to install the memory modules, insert them into the proper sockets
(Figure 48) and push down firmly but evenly until the clips on both sides of the socket
pop into place. If your motherboard supports dual-channel memory, consult the user
manual to determine which pairs of RAM sockets you should use. The motherboard and
the CPU are the brain and nerve center of your PC, so selecting these components is
the most important decision you'll make.
796.
797.
798.
799.
800.
801.
802.
803.
804.

805.
806.
807.
808.

Figure 48. Install RAM Memory

809.
810.
Step 6. Place the motherboard into
the
case
811.
812.
1. Some PC cases have a removable
motherboard tray. If yours does, remove the
screws holding it in place and pull it out of the
case (Figure 49).
813.
814.
815.
816.
817.
818.
Figure 49. Remove
Motherboard Tray
819.
820.
2. Note the pattern of the holes in your motherboard (Figure 50), and
screw brass standoffs into the motherboard tray or into the PC case in the correct
locations (ALWAYS check the manual and follow their instructions to the letter).
821.
822.
823.
824.
825.
826.
827.
828.
829.
830.
831.
Figure 50. Screw Brass Standoffs Into the Motherboard
832.
833.
3. Check the layout of the sockets on the motherboard, and confirm that
the ports on your motherboard's back panel match the holes on the case's
Input/Output (I/O) shield that is installed in your case. If necessary, remove the
old I/O shield by tapping it firmly a few times with the butt-end of a screwdriver,
and then replace it with the shield that came with the new motherboard.
834.

835.
836.
4. Carefully position the motherboard on top of the brass standoffs (Figure
51), line up all the holes, and use the screws that accompanied the case to
fasten down the motherboard. If you are using a removable tray in your system,
slide the tray
and
motherboard
back
into
the case and
then secure
the tray.
837.
838.
839.
840.
841.
842.
843.
844.
845.
846.
847.
848.
849. Figure 51. Cases I /O Shield
850.
851.
852.
853.
854.
855.
856.
857.
858.
859.
860.
861.
Figure 52. Mount the Motherboard
862.
863.
Step 7. Connect the Power Supply
864.
865. Making the proper connections is crucial to successfully assembling your
PC system. Fortunately, manufacturers provide color-coded power cables and unique
connector shapes to make the job easy.
866.

867.
1. First, plug the large ATX power connector (Figure 53) from your power
supply into the matching port on your motherboard. Look Figure X for details.
868.
869.
2. Locate the smaller, square processor power connector (Figure 54) (you
cannot miss it - it is the one sprouting the yellow and black wires) and attach it to
the motherboard. Note: your connector is usually located near the processor. As
always, refer to your motherboard's manual for the exact locations.
870.
871.
3. Use your motherboard user manual and find the description about frontpanel connectors.
872.
873.
874.
875.
876.
877.
878.
879.
880.
881.
882.
883.
884.
Figure 53. Large ATX Connector
885.
886.
887.
888.
889.
890.
891.
892.
893.
894.
895.
896.
897.
898.
Figure 54. Connect the ATX Power in the Motherboard
899.
900.
901.
902.

903.
904.
905.
906.
907.
Figure 55. Square Processor Power Connector
908.
909.
910.
NOTE
911.
You are going to be doing work that requires attention to detail and can be
quite frustrating if you do not go into it with the right attitude.
912.
913.
4. Attach each of the tiny leads from the power and reset switches (Figure
56), the hard-disk activity lights, the PC speaker, and any front-panel USB and
FireWire ports to the corresponding pin on your motherboard. The needle-nose
pliers are useful for manipulating small pieces.
914.
915.

916.
917.
918.

Figure 56. Connect the different Leads

Step 8. Install Graphics / Video Cards

1. Begin by removing the backplane cover from the AGP or PCI Express X16 slot
(the metal piece where the monitor connector will emerge) (Figure 57).

919.

920.

Figure 57. Remove the backplane cover

921.
2. Install the graphics board in that slot, and then secure the card with a screw
(Figure 58).

922.

923.

Figure 58. Install the Graphics Board

924.
925.

Step 9. Install Internal Drives

926.
Now it is time to install your drives. This is an easy process, but it requires
attention to detail.

1. Make any necessary changes to jumpers on the drives before mounting them in
the case. A two-drive system (one or two SATA (Serial ATA- is a standard
hardware interface for connecting hard drives and CD/DVD drives to a computer)
hard drives, plus one parallel ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment) optical
drive, for example) is easy to set up; the SATA drives are jumper less, and the

optical drive can be set as master on its own parallel ATA channel. Many cases
have removable drive rails or cages to house drives.
2. Use the included screws to attach your drives to the rails or cage, and slide them
into the case. For externally accessible drives such as a DVD recorder, you can
save time by installing one drive rail and sliding the drive in for a test fitting to
make sure that its front is flush with the case (Figure 59).
3. When the drives are installed, connect power and data cables to each one.
Parallel ATA drives use wide, flat data cables that can be installed only in the
correct way. Floppy drives use a similar but smaller cable; SATA drives use a
thin, 1cm-wide data cable. SATA drives use a new type of power connector that
many power supplies don't come with. Fortunately, many motherboards ship with
927.
928.
adapters for converting a standard four-pin power connector to a SATA
power
connector (Figure
59).
929.
930.
931.
932.
933.
934.
935.
936.
your
937.
938.
939.
940.
941.
942.
943.
944.
945.

Figure 59. Attach

devices

946.
947.
948.
949.
950.
951.
952.
953.
955.

954.
Figure 60. Connect Power Connector

956.
957.
Step 10. Install the Add- in Cards
958.
1. For each add-in card, you must choose a free PCI slot.
2. Remove its backplane cover to allow access from the rear of the case.
3. Carefully position the card above the slot, and press down firmly to seat the
card (Figure 61).
4. Secure the card with a screw.

959.
960.
961.
962.
963.
964.
965.
966.

Figure 61. Add- in

Cards
967.
Many motherboards have additional sound connectors or ports housed on
small add-in boards. Some of these plug into slots on the motherboard; others
screw into the back of the case in place of slot covers. Usually the additional
ports are not essential to your PC's operation. For example, if you install a sound
card, you do not need connectors to the motherboard's built-in sound chip. Check
your motherboard manual to determine what each of these boards does.

968.
969.
Congratulations for doing a great job, but hold on with your patience
because you still need to complete another topic which is connecting the PC
970.
peripherals. So, keep moving.
971.
972.
973.
974.
Connecting Peripherals of a Personal Computer
975.
976. When attaching hardware and peripherals of the computer, ensure that
they are connected to the correct locations or ports. For example, some mouse and
keyboard cables use the same type of PS/2 connector. So, you must know first the
different ports that can be found in the back panel of the computer.
977.
978.
979.
980.
Keep in mind:
981.
1. When attaching cables, never force a connection.
982. 2. Plug in the power cable after you have connected all other
cables.
983.
984.
Steps in Connecting External Hardware of a PC
985.
986.
Step 1. Attach the monitor cable to the video port.
987.
Step 2. Secure the cable by tightening the screws on the connector.
988.
989.
990.
991.
992.
993.
994.
995.
996.
997.
Figure 62. Attach the Monitor Cable
998.
999.
Step 3. Plug the keyboard cable into the PS/2 keyboard port.
1000.
1001.
1002.
1003.
1004.

1005.
1006.
1007.
1008.
1009.
1010.
1011.

Figure 63. Plug the Keyboard Cable

Step 4. Plug the mouse cable into the PS/2 mouse port.
1012.

1013.
1014.
1015.
1016.
1017.
1018.
1020.

1019.
Figure 64. Plug the Mouse Cable
Step 5. Plug the USB cable into a USB port.
1021.

1022.
1023.
1024.
1025.
1026.
1027.
1028.
1029.
1030.
1032.
1033.

Figure 65. Plug the USB Cable

1031.

Step 6. Plug the network cable into the network port.

1034.

1035.
1036.
1037.
1038.
1039.
1040.
1041.
1042.
1043.
Step 7. Plug the
power supply.
1044.

Figure 66. Plug the Network Cable

power cable into the

1045.
1046.
1047.
1048.
1049.
1050.
1051.
1052.

Figure 67. Plug the Power Cable

1053.
1054.
1055. After connecting all the cables into their proper places, the picture in the
next page should be the appearance of the back panel of your PC.
1056.
1057.
1058.
1059.
1060.
1061.
1062.
1063.
1064.
1065.
1066.
1067.
1068.
1069.
1070.
1071.
Figure 68. Appearance of the PCs Back Panel
1072.
1073.
1074.
Congratulations
for doing a great job, now its time to perform all the
1075.
activities prepared
for
you.
Good luck!
1076.
1077.
1078.
1079. Process
1080.
1081.
1082.
Task: Rearrange the Procedures
1083.

1084.
Direction: Rearrange the following procedures in their proper order. Use
numbers to indicate their order of precedence. The first number is done for you.
1085.
1086.
A. Personal Computer Disassembly
1087.
1088.
__7_1. Detaching the Hard Drive
1089.
____2. Detaching the power supply
1090.
____3. Opening the outer shell / case
1091.
____4. Pull Out the Motherboard
1092.
____5. Removing the CD / DVD Drives
1093.
____6. Removing the CPU fan
1094.
____7. Removing the system fan
1095.
____8. Unplugging all the cables and wires
1096.
1097.
B. Personal Computer Assembly
1098.
1099.
__7_1. Connect the Power Supply
1100.
____2. Install Graphics / Video Cards
1101.
____3. Install Internal Drives
1102.
____4. Install Memory (RAM Modules)
1103.
____5. Install the Add- in Cards
1104.
____6. Install the CPU
1105.
____7. Install the CPU Heat Sink
1106.
____8. Place the motherboard into the case
1107.
____9. Prepare the Motherboard
1108.
____10. Prepare your workplace
1109.
1110.
1111.
1112.Reflect and Understand
1113.
1114.
1115.
Task 1: Time to Browse!
1116.
1117.
Direction: Utilizing the internet, watch video presentations about
connecting PC parts and read additional books for computer hardware servicing
to broaden your ideas and skills. You can use the following URLs for your
reference.
1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6N7bqBsFL0w- Computer Hardware Basics
1118.

2. http://www.wikihow.com/Install-Computer-Hardware- How to install Computer

Hardware
1119.
3. http://www.directron.com/howtoupsys.html- How to install Computer components
1120.
4. http://www.gcflearnfree.org/computerbasics/10.1- Setting Up a Desktop
Computer
1121.
1122.
1123.
Task 2: Group and Learn
1124.
1125.
Direction: Have a group of five (5) people and discuss about the video
presentations, have a brain storming about the helpful tips given in the video and
try to acquire the techniques on the PC Assembly and disassembly by having an
actual activity.
1126.
1127.
1128.
Transfer
1129.
1130.
1131.
Task 1: Performance Test
1132.
1133.
Direction: Follow the given procedures below and safety precautions
must be observed when working. You will be rated in accordance with the rubrics
provided below:
1134.
1135.
Procedures:
1136.
1137.
A. PC Disassembly
1138.

1139.

1140.
1141.
1142.
1143.
1144.
1145.

B. Personal Computer Assembly

1146.

1147.
1148.
1149.

C. Connecting PC Peripherals

1150.

1151.
1152.
1153.
1154.
Rubrics for your performance Test
1155.
1156.
Criteria
1157.
Score
1158.
Accuracy
1159.
50 %
1160.
Adherence to the
1161.
20%
procedures
1162.
Workmanship(appli
1163.
20%
ed safety precautions)
1164.
Speed
1165.
10%
1166.
1167.
Task 2:
1168.
1169.
Direction: Answer the essential questions below according to your
experience in connecting hardware and peripherals of a computer.
1170.

1171. 1. What is the essence of following the correct procedures in

connecting the PC parts?
1172. 2. What do you think is the main reason why we should never exert
too much force when attaching the cables of PC parts? Explain your
answer.
1173. 3. What is your perspective why the power cable should always be
the last on the procedure of attaching parts?
1174. 4. What do you feel when you are doing the activity?
1175. 5. As a computer technician, why do think skills is a crucial factor?
1176.
1177.
FINAL ACTIVITY
1178.
1179.
Activity 1: Team up and Learn!!
1180.
1181.
Direction: After completing all the lessons in this module you need to
accomplish the final activities provided here.
1182.
1183.
Team up/hook up with a skilled computer technician in your locality and
render a quality /marketable services showcasing all the skills youve acquired
from this module. Have an evidence of your activity. Have a journal or narrative
report of your performance.
1184.
1185.
1186.
1187.
1188.
1189.
Activity 2:
1190.
1191.
Perform the following:
1192.
1. Clean all the dirty computers in the computer laboratory
2. Show or exhibit skills in PC assembly and disassembly using the defective
computers in the computer laboratory.
1193.
1194.
1195.
1196.
You did great!!! CONGRATULATIONS..now..sit back and relax..
1197.
1198.
1199.
1200.

1201.
1202.
1203.
1204.
1205.
1206.
1207.
1208.
1209.
1210.
1211.
1212.
1213.
1214.
1215.
1216.
1217.
1218.
1219.
1220.
1221.
1222.
1223.
1224.
1225.
1226. SUMMARY
1227.
1228.
Process and Delivery of Computer Hardware Servicing is actually a basic
foundation of the higher level of PC troubleshooting and repair. All the basic and
fundamental knowledge was discussed in each lessons as well the primary skills that a
technician should acquire in order to produce marketable product / service which is one
of the goals of entrepreneurship.
1229. Lesson 1 covers the different components and parts of a computer
system. It is critical to know the different components so that when problem occurs, a
technician could easily diagnose where the problem came from and simply apply
/suggest remedy into it.
1230. There are different tools and equipments that are required to accomplish a
certain task in a given span of time. In lesson 2, different useful tools are featured as
well as the proper way of using them.
1231. In computer hardware servicing and whichever field or area he / she is
connected to, a person should always be very cautious with the Occupational Health

and Safety precautions in order to be safe and free from any hazards that would affect
the equipments as well as the environment.
1232. Moreover, lesson 4, offers the basic procedures of personal computer
assembly and disassembly and installing / connecting the peripherals of a computer
system which is essential because the computer system will not work properly if
hardware / peripherals were not attached properly into it.
1233.
Understanding computer system is really a brain breaking job, but of
course all starts from a little knowledge and eventually into a broader one. This module
would help the reader to have at least the basic and primary knowledge of computer
system.
1234.
1235.
1236.
1237.
1238.
1239.
1240.
1241.
1242.
1243.
1244.
1245.
1246.
1247.
1248.
1249.
ANSWER KEY
1250.
1251.
1252.
1253.
Lesson 1: Process
1254.
1. USB Cable / mouse / keyboard / printer / camera / scanner
1255.
2. RJ 45 / LAN
1256.
3. VGA / Monitor
1257.
4. Printer cable jack
1258.
5. Speaker jack
1259.
6. Power cord / power supply
1260.
7. PS/2 / mouse and keyboard
1261.
1262.
1263.
Lesson 1: Process
1264.
1265.
C + + + + + + + + + + P + H + + + C + +
1266.
+ O + + + + + + + + O + + A + + + P + +

1267.
1268.
1269.
1270.
1271.
1272.
1273.
1274.
1275.
1276.
1277.
1278.
1279.
1280.
1281.
1282.
1283.
1284.
1285.
1286.
1287.
1288.
1289.
1290.
1291.
1292.
1293.
1294.
1295.
1296.
1297.
1298.
1299.
1300.
1301.
1302.
1303.
1304.
1305.
1306.
1307.

+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Y
S
+
+
+
+
+
+
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+

M
+
+
+
+
+
+
L
+
A
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

+
P
+
+
+
+
P
+
+
C
+
+
+
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+
+
+
+

+
+
A
+
+
P
+
+
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M
+
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+
+
+

+
+
+
C
U
+
+
+
+
E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

Lesson 2: Process
Task 1:
1. Anti- Static Wrist strap
2. Flat head screw driver
3. Flashlight
4. Lint free cloth
5. Multi- tester
6. Anti static mat
7. Philips head Screw driver
8. Part Retriever
9. Compressed air
10. Loop back adapter
11. Torx
12. Tweezer
13. Hex
14. Needle Nose Plier

+
+
+
S
T
+
+
+
+
T
+
+
+
+
M
+
+
+

+
+
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+
+
D
+
+
+
S
+
+
+
+
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+
+
+

+
E
+
+
+
+
I
+
+
Y
+
+
+
+
U
+
+
+

W
+
+
+
+
+
+
S
+
S
+
+
+
+
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+
+
+

+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
K
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+
+
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+
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+

+
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+
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+
+

+
+
+
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+
+
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A
+
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+

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D
D
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S
K
D
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I
V
E
I
O
+
+
+
+
+

+
+
+
+
+
M
+
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+
+
+
+
V
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+
+
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+

+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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1308.

Task 1

1310.
1312.

1309.
COMPUTER MAINTENANCE
COMPONENTS TO CLEAN
1311.
CLEAN WITH:
Computer case
1313.
Cleaning solution and lint

1314.

Mouse

1316.

Keyboard

1318.

Monitor

1320.
1322.
1324.

Speaker
Cooling fan
Heat sink

1326.
1327.
1328.
1329.
1330.
1331.
1332.
1333.
1334.
1335.
1336.
1337.
1338.
1339.

free cloth
1315.
Lint free cloth and cleaning
solution
1317.
Brush, lint free cloth, mini
vacuum cleaner
1319.
Cleaning solution and lint
free cloth
1321.
Brush and lint free cloth
1323.
Brush, compressed air
1325.
Compressed air, brush

Lesson 3: Process
People

1342.
1. Do not
work alone so that
theres
someone
who can take care of
you in case of
accident
or
emergency.
1343.
2. Use only
rubber shoes when
standing
on
the
ground or in a
concrete floor
1344.
3.
Always

1340.

Equipment

1341.

Environment

1351.
1.
Always 1. Hazard/risks
in
the
ground or discharge
workplace and their
yourself
before
corresponding
touching any part of
indicators are identified
the computer
to minimize or eliminate
1352.
2. Be careful
risk
to
coworkers,
with the tools that
workplace
and
may cause short
environment.
circuit
1353.
3. Always full
the cable connector
on the handle and
not hold on the cable

power off and unplug

the computer before
working on it.
1345.
4.
Contingency
measures
during
workplace accidents,
fire
and
other
emergencies
are
recognized.
1346.
5.
Personal
protective equipment
is correctly used in
accordance
with
organization
procedures
and
practice
1347.
6. Read and
follow instruction on
the manual carefully.
1348.
1349.
1350.

itself
1354.
4. Make sure
that the pins are
properly
aligned
when connecting a
cable connector.
1355.
5. Take away
any liquid such as
mineral water or soft
drinks near your
working area or near
computers
1356.
6.Take
necessary
precautions
to
protect
the
component of the
computer
from
damaged cause by
Electrostatic
Discharge (ESD).
1357.
7. Hold the
components
by
edges and do not
touch the ICs.
1358.
8. Do not use
excessive force if
things dont quite slip
into place.
1359.

1360.
1361.
1362.
1363.
1364.
1365.
GLOSSARY
1366.
1367.
adapters - These are printed-circuit boards that enables the computer to
use a peripheral device for which it does not have the necessary connections or
circuit boards.

1368.
1369.
application software - A set of programs designed to help the user to
perform singular or multiple related tasks.
1370.
1371.
bus- A data pathway between several hardware components inside or
outside a computer.
1372.
1373.
cable ties- a type of cleaning tool used to tie cables and wires.
1374.
1375.
compressed air- A cleaning tool composed of air used to blow away dust.
1376.
1377.
digitizer- Is a graphics drawing tablet used for sketching new images or
tracing old ones.
1378.
1379.
expansion bus - It connects the parts of the CPU to each other, but also
links the CPU with other important hardware.
1380.
1381.
hand tool- A device for performing work on a material, or a physical
system using only hands.
1382.
1383.
hard disk drive- Is a magnetic storage device that is installed inside the
computer.
1384.
1385.
hardware- These are the tangible component of a computer system.
1386.
1387.
hazard- Is a situation in the workplace that has the potential to harm the
health and safety of people or to damage plant and equipment.
1388.
1389.
lint- free cloth- A type of cloth used to clean different computer
components without scratching
1390.
1391.
motherboard- The main circuit board of a computer containing all the
essential parts of a PC.
1392.
1393.
people ware- Refers to people involved in the data processing operations.
1394.
1395.
port - Is an external connecting socket on the outside of the computer.
This is a pathway into and out of the computer.
1396.

1397.
RJ45- "RJ" in stands for "registered jack," since it is a standardized
networking interface and "45" simply refers to the number of the interface
standard.
1398.
1399.
serial port- A port intended for serial type of mouse and older camera.
1400.
1401.
smart board - Type of display screen that has a touch sensitive
transparent panel covering the screen.
1402.
1403.
static electricity - An accumulation of electric charge on an insulated
body.
1404.
1405.
system software- Is a set of instruction required to run a computer
system.
1406.
1407.
tool Is a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task.
1408.
1409.
toolkit - A set of tools designed to be used together .
1410.
1411.
1412.
1413.
1414.
1415.
1416.
1417.
1418.
1419.
1420.
1421.
1422.
1423.
1424.
1425.
1426.
1427.
1428.
1429.
1430.
1431.
1432.
ACRONYMS

1433.
1434.
1435.
1436.
1437.
1438.
1439.
1440.
1441.
1442.
1443.
1444.
1445.
1446.
1447.
1448.
1449.
1450.
1451.
1452.
1453.
1454.
1455.
1456.
1457.
1458.
1459.
1460.
1461.
1462.
1463.
1464.
1465.
1466.
1467.
1468.
1469.
1470.
1471.
1473.

ATA- Advance Technology Attachment

BIOS- Basic Input Output System
CD- Compact Disc
CHS- Computer Hardware Servicing
CRT- Cathode Ray Tube
ESD- Electro Static Discharge
DVD- Digital Versatile Disc
HDD- Hard Disk Drive
LAN- Local Area Networking
LCD- Liquid Crystal Display
LED- Light Emitting Diode
OHS- Occupational Health and Safety
RAM- Random Access Memory
ROM- Read Only Memory
SATA- Serial Advance Technology Attachment
USB- Universal Serial Bus
VGA- Video Graphic Array

1472.
REFERENCES
Books and Articles and Printed Materials:

1474.
1. Barry Press, Marcia Press, PC Upgrade and Repair Bible,
1475. Desktop Edition., Wiley Publishing Inc., 10475 Crosspoint
1476. Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46256
1477.
2. Ron Gilster, PC Repair Bench Book., Wiley Publishing Inc., 10475
1478. Crosspoint Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46256
1479.
3. Barry Press, Marcia Press, PC Upgrade and Repair Bible, Desktop
1480. Edition., Wiley Publishing Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard, Indianapolis,
1481. IN 46256
1482.
1483.
4. K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum- Technology and
Livelihood Education
1484. Learning Module Computer Hardware Serviciing- RONALDO V. RAMILO
and
1485. DEOVER M. PASCO
1486.
1487.
Electronic Resources:
1488.
1. http://www.buzzle.com/articles/computer-memory-types.html
1489. Computer Memory Types
1490.
2. http://www.athropolis.com/popup/c-comp2.htm
1491. Measurements for Memory & Storage
1492.
3. http://www.ustudy.in/ce/hard/u1
1493. Fundamentals of PC repair
1494.
4. http://danreb.com/sites/default/files/CHS-NC2%20Reviewer%20-%20With
%20Oral%20Questioning_0.pdf
1495. Occupational Health and Safety Precautions
1496.
5. http://puzzlemaker.discoveryeducation.com/CrissCrossSetupForm.asp
1497. Puzzles for Activities
1498.
6. http://info.psu.edu.sa/psu/cis/kalmustafa/CISCO/Lecture
%20Slides/ITE_PC_v40_Chapter2.pdf
1499. Occupational Safety Precautions
7. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfKe8PPI2zs&feature=related

1500. Conversion of Decimal N umber to Binary

1501.
8. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7M6_VeDhJE&feature=related
9. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6N7bqBsFL0w1502. Computer Hardware Basics
1503.
10. http://www.wikihow.com/Install-Computer-Hardware1504. How to install Computer Hardware
1505.
11. http://www.directron.com/howtoupsys.html1506. How to install Computer components
1507.
12. en.wikipedia.org
1508.
13. http://www.bechtel.com/assets/files/Environmental/ToolboxSafetyTopics/20
1509. 10/ProperToolSelection.pdf
1510. Tool Selection
1511.
14. http://www.iml.uts.edu.au/assessment-futures/designing/assembling.html
1512.
1513.
15. http://www.instructables.com/id/Disassemble-a-Computer /- Computer
Basics
1514.
1515.
1516.
1517.