Moringa Cure Fever PDF
Moringa Cure Fever PDF
Moringa Cure Fever PDF
Abstract: Pyrexia and inflammation are indicatives of various disorders. Modern medicines are available for treatment
of pyrexia, but they have few side effects. Several studies are ongoing Worldwide to search natural antipyretic agents
with better efficacy and fewer or no side effects. This study was aimed at evaluating the antipyretic activity of Moringa
oleifera bark in rabbits against E. coli induced pyrexia. Rectal temperature was recorded with digital thermometer at 0 h
and E.coli suspension was injected. After 1 h again rectal temperature of the animals was recorded and hydro-alcoholic
extract were administered to the treatment groups and paracetamol hydro-alcoholic 50 mg/kg orally to the positive
control group. Then rectal temperature was recorded at the interval of one h for 4 h. After the drug administration (at h
1), the decrease in body temperature with the dose of 25mg/kg-1 during next four h ranged between 1.9-2.6oF as
compared to the negative control. At the dose of 50mg/kg-1 the decrease in temperature was 1.9-3.0 oF. The decrease in
body temperature at the dose of 100mg/kg-1 was high, which ranged from 2.3-3.1oF as compared to negative control.
Paracetamol, a standard drug , also significantly lowered the temperature but Moringa oleifera at the concentration of
100mg/kg-1 lowered the body temperature significantly as compared to the negative as well as positive control. Moringa
oleifera bark has marked antipyretic activity in animal models and this strongly supports the ethnopharmacological uses
of Moringa oleifera bark as an antipyretic plant.
Keywords: Escherichia coli, Cholistan desert, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, prostaglandin, E. coli induced pyrexia,
traditional medicine
INTRODUCTION
Cholistan Desert, situated in the southern part of Punjab
province, Pakistan occupies an area of 26000 km2 with
highly saline and brackish sub-soil aquifer. In this desert,
a total of 128 plant species have been identified, out of
which 64 are extensively used by the local people and
herbal practitioners to cure different diseases (Arshad &
Akbar, 2003).
Moringa oleifera is a common tree, known as
Suhanjana belongs to family Moringaceae and is found
throughout Pakistan. Although this plant is not very
common in the Cholistan desert but it is commonly found
in adjoining areas of this desert (Rao et al., 1989).
Different parts of this plant are used by the local people
for the cure of various ailments. The leaves and green
pods of this plant are cooked as delicious vegetable.
Medicinally, the leaves of this plant are used to treat
scurvy and catarrhal affections. Paste of the leaves is
applied externally on wounds. Flowers are useful as
tonic, diuretic and cholagogue. The seeds are used as
*Corresponding author: e-mail: makram_0451@hotmail.com
Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., Vol.27, No.4, July 2014, pp.931-934
931
932
Dose
(Mg kg-1)
Injecting E.
coli suspension
Drug
administration
0h
1h
2h
3h
4h
5h
100.60.352
103.30.322
103.50.235
103.70.185
104.00.180
104.30.186
25mg
101.00.211
102.80.273
100.90.200* 101.10.162*
101.60.163*
102.40.254*
50mg
100.90.436
102.50.227
100.50.240* 101.20.182*
101.50.203*
102.30.150*
100mg
101.00.305
103.50.395
100.40.228* 101.00.208*
101.50.249*
102.00.283*
50mg
101.00.417
103.00.222
101.20.240* 101.40.254*
101.90.338*
102.60.301*
Control
Treatments
Paracetamol
After drug
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Statistically analysis was performed by using one way
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test between two mean
groups: control and test groups, followed by Students ttest at p<0.05 level of significance.
RESULTS
The results with regard to antipyretic activity of
hydroalcoholic extract of bark of Moringa oleifera bark
recorded on E.coli induced pyrexia in rabbits are given in
table 1 At 0 h, before the injection of the E.coli
suspension the rectal temperature of rabbits was recorded.
In negative and positive control group rectal temperature
was 100.60.352oF and 1010.417oF. The rectal
temperature of animals in 25mg/kg-1 treatment group was
1010.211oF, in 50mg/kg-1 was 100.90.436 oF and in
100mg/kg-1 treatment group was 1010.305oF. At h1,
after the injection of E.coli suspension to the rabbits the
rectal temperature of the animals in negative control
group increased up to103.30.322oF and 1030.222 oF in
positive control group, while the temperature recorded in
the treatment groups was 102.80.273oF was in 0.25mg/
kg-1 treatment, 102.50.227oF in 50mg/kg-1 treatment and
103.50.395oF in 100mg/kg-1 treatment. At h 2, after the
administration of plant extract dose to the treatment
groups and of paracetamol to positive control group the
rectal temperature noted in negative control group was
almost same i.e. 103.50.235oF, while in positive control
group it decreased upto 101.20.240oF. Decrease in
temperature was also recorded in treatment groups as
100.90.200 in 25 mg/kg-1 treatments, 100.50.240oF in
50mg/kg-1 treatment and 100.40.228oF in 100mg/kg-1
treatment. The rectal temperature of the animals recorded
at h 3 remained high in negative control group and low in
Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., Vol.27, No.4, July 2014, pp.931-934
DISCUSSION
The results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of bark
of Moringa oleifera possess a significant antipyretic
effect in maintaining the normal body temperature and
reducing E. coli induced pyrexia in rabbits. After the drug
administration (at h 1), the decrease in body temperature
of rabbits with the dose of 25mg/kg-1 during next four h
ranged between 1.9-2.6oF as compared to the negative
control. At the dose of 50mg/kg-1of Moringa oleifera the
decrease in temperature was 1.9-3.0oF. The decrease in
body temperature of animals at the dose of 100mg/kg-1
was high, which ranged from 2.3-3.1oF as compared to
negative control. Paracetamol, a standard and analgesic
and antipyretic drug, also significantly lowered the
temperature of E. coli induced rabbits but the dose of the
hydroalcoholic extract of Moringa oleifera at the
concentration of 100mg/kg-1 played a significant role in
lowering the body temperature of the animals as
compared to the negative as well as positive control.
Moringa oleifera contains phytosterols, glycosides,
tannins, amino acids, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates
and amino acids. In general, fever is thought to be
933
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the results achieved in the present study
depicted that the hydroalcoholic extract of the bark of
Moringa oleifera have significant antipyretic activity,
particularly in the increased dose of hydroalcoholic
extract (100mg/kg-1). The results affirm the claim by local
herbal practitioners of the area which use this plant to
cure fever in humans. However, further studies are
proposed to fully elucidate the mechanism of the extract
of the plant bark.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors are thankful to Dr. Muhammad Arshad,
taxonomists for the identification of plants.
REFERENCES
Ahmad B, Khan NA, Ahmad G and Inamuddin M (2006).
Analgesic and antipyretic activities of leaf of Moringa
oleifera Lam. Hamdard Medicus, 3: 9-13.
Arshad MG and Akbar S (2003). Moringa oleifera.
Wealth of medicinal plants of Cholistan desert,
Pakistan. Hamdard Medicus, 4: 25-34.
Banerjee DD (2005). Moringa oleifera. Textbook of
Homeopathic Pharm, B. Jain Publishers (Pvt), 1921,
Street No.10, Chuna Mandi, Paharganj, New Delhi,
India, pp.189-190.
Bhattacharjee SK (2004). Moringa oleifera. Handbook of
Medicinal Plants, Pointer Publisher, Jaipur India,
pp.112-114, 228.
Chitme HR, Chandra R and Kaushik S (2005). Evaluation
of antipyretic activity of Calotropis gigantea
(Asclepiadaceae) in experimental animals. Phytother.
Res., 19: 454-456.
Ezeamuzie IC, Ambakederemo AW, Shode FO and
Ekwebelem SC (1996). Anti-inflammatory activity of
Moringa oleifera root extract. Pharm. Biol., 34: 207212.
Hukkeri VI, Nagathan CV, Karadi RV and Patil BS
(2006). Antipyretic and wound healing activities of
Moringa oleifera Lam. in rats. Ind. J. Pharm. Sci., 68:
124-126.
Kluger MJ (1991). Fever: Role of pyrogens and cryogens.
Physiol Rev., 71: 93-127.
Lakshman KH, Shivaprasad B and Jaiprakash S (2006).
Anti inflammatory and antipyretic activities of
934