Anatomical Terminology & Skeleton System
Anatomical Terminology & Skeleton System
Anatomical Terminology & Skeleton System
College of medicine
Foundation block
Anatomical Terminology
& Skeletal System
IMPORTANT POINT
HEAD LINES
SUBTITELS
EXTRA EXPLANATION
GIRLS NOTE
BOYS NOTE
2
Applied
Anatomy
Gross Anatomy
Surgical
Radiological
Anatomy
Anatomy
Microscopic Anatomy (Histology)
Development Anatomy (Embryology)
Anatomical
Radiological Anatomy
Fields
Developmental
Cross-sectional
Anatomy
Anatomy
Cross sectional Anatomy
(Embryology)
Applied Anatomy
Microscopic
Surgical Anatomy
Gross Anatomy
Anatomy
(Histology)
definition
Gross Anatomy
The study of the large
structures of the human
body
Histology
Study of fine)(
structures of the human
body
Naked eye
Microscope
Body is erect.
Arms hanging by the
side.
Palms facing forward.
Feet are parallel.
Anatomical terms
Examples of some
structures present
there
Cranial
Cervical
Thoracic
head
Neck
Chest cavity
brain
Abdominal
Abdomen
Pelvic
Pelvis
Reproductive organs,
the urinary bladder,
the pelvic colon, and
the rectum
Plantar
Palmar
Cardiovascular &
respiratory organs
Proximal:
nearer to the trunk (back)
Distal: away from the trunk.
(9Minutes)
(8Minutes)
8
Examples
Flexion
Bending movement:
Decreasing the angle
between 2 parts
*bending the elbow
*when sitting down
the knees are flexed
*moving the limb
forward (towards the
anterior side of the
body)
extension
Straightening
movement:
Increasing the angle
between 2 parts
*fully extended
fingers in a handshake
*when standing up
the knees are
extended
*moving the limb
backward (towards
the posterior side of
the body)
Circumduction
Definition
Combined
movements of
flexion, extension,
abduction &
adduction.
Abduction
Pulling the part away
from the median
plane of the body
Adduction
The movement
toward the median
plane of the body
Examples
Definition
Opposition
Bringing tips of
fingers and thumb
together as in picking
something up,
opposite of above
movement.
Medial Rotation
Lateral Rotation
Definition
Examples
Rotation of the
shoulder / hip inwards
Rotation of the
shoulder / hip
outwards (backwards)
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12
Body
Cavities
Dorsal
cavity
Ventral
cavity
Cranial
cavity
(Brain)
Spinal cavity
(Spinal cord)
Thoracic
cavity (Heart
& Lung)
Abdominopelvic
cavity
The 2 subdivisions
are continuous with
each other
Abdominal
cavity (Digestive
viscera)
Pelvic cavity
(bladder,
reproductive
organs & rectum)
The 2
subdivision
s (Thor. &
Abd.) are
separated
from each
other by
the
diaphragm
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Bones
Joints
The
Skeleton
System
14
Bone Functions:
Support
Protection
Attachment of
muscles
Movement
Storage
RBC production
15
Long
Compact
Membrane
Short
Spongy
Cartilage
Flat
Irregular
16
Epiphysis:
Spongy
structure
Covered with
Articular
cartilage
providing
smooth
movement
Diaphysis:
Metaphysis:
Compact
structure
Contain
Epiphyseal
plate
Covered with
fibrous
Periosteum
Responsible for
length-wise
growth of long
bone
Has a marrow
cavity
Junction of
Epiphysis and
Diaohysis
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Longitudinal axis
Limbs & girdle
Skull bones
Vertebral column
Upper limbs
Sternum
Lower limbs
Ribs
(I.N) Periosteum
Epiphyseal plate
18
Skull bone
Cranium
Facial Bones
Frontal
Maxilla
Parietal
Mandible
Temporal
Zygomatic
Occipital
Nasal
Sphenoid
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20
Sternum
Ribs
Flat bone
12 ribs
Has 3 parts:
- Manubrium
Articulate with
thoracic spine
-Body
-Xiphoid
Pectoral chest
girdle
Pelvic girdle
Connecting the
upper limbs to the
axial
Connecting the
lower limbs to the
axial
Scapula
Clavicle
2 hip bones
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Upper limbs
Lower limbs
Bones of hand:
8 Carpal bones
5 Metacarpal bones
14 phalanges 2 for
thumb & 3 for each of
medial 4 fingers
Bones of foot:
7 tarsal bones
5 metatarsal bones
14 phalanges 2 for big
toe & 3 for each of lateral 4
toes
Knee: Patella
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done by : Jumanah
Albeeybe & Ghadah
Maher