Faunus Rudra Work Handout-Libre
Faunus Rudra Work Handout-Libre
Faunus Rudra Work Handout-Libre
cult
public
private
space
inside the city
outside the city
name
favourable
savage
binary opposition: savage (Silvanus, Rudra) vs. favourable (Faunus, Bhava, iva)
Rudra: only three hymns in the Rig Veda: 1.114; 2.33; 7.46. (75 references altogether)
5 god of cattle and fields: Paupati (lord of cattle) arvorum pecorisque deo (V. A. 8.601)
Catos ritual to Mars and Silvanus (De Agri Cultura 83): votum pro bubus, uti valeant
inscriptions set up by foresters (saltuarii): CIL 5.2383, 5548; 9.3421; 10.1409
Horace Carmina 3.18: a poem for the rural festival of Faunus, protector of cattle
6a Rudra has a healing hand (bheajo jala RV 2.33.7) and a thousand remedies (7.46)
versibus quos olim Fauni vatesque canebant with verses which Fauns and poets once sang
Indra-Maruts-Rudra
Mars-Luperci-Faunus
Indra and the Maruts (RV hymns 1.100; 1.101; 1.165; 8.65; 10.113, etc.)
Faunus: son of MarsDion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 1.31
: son of PicusVirgil Aeneid 7.45-9
Animals sacred to Mars: lupus (wolf) and picus (woodpecker) (Plut. Rom. 4, Q. R. 21; Ov. F.
3.37-8)
Ovid Fasti 3.291-392: Picus and Faunus summon Juppiter who gives Numa the ancile
(sacred shield), carried in the procession of the Salii (priests of Mars)
Lupercipriests of Faunus, Lupercalcave of Mars
offered to Earth/Sky pair and Maruts (the Rudrs) in India (VS 8.29-32; B 4.5.2)
offered to only Tellus in Rome, but the ritual is revealed by Faunus (Ovid F. 4.641-72)
10 Sexuality
Scheuer (1993)
sacrifice establishes order but Rudra represents and is able to contain its violent aspect
In Rome, Faunus makes a terrifying appearance in the exclusively female rites of Bona Dea.
Selected bibliography
Arbman, E. (1922) Rudra: Untersuchungen zum altindischen Glauben und Kultus. (Uppsala)
Brouwer, H. H. J. (1989) Bona Dea: The Sources and a Description of the Cult. (Leiden)
Das, R. P. (2000) Indra and iva/Rudra in P. Balcerowicz and M. Mejor (eds), On the
Understanding of Other Cultures: Proceedings of the International Conference on Sanskrit and
Related Studies (Warsaw), 105-25
Dorcey, P. F. (1992) The Cult of Silvanus: A Study in Roman Folk Religion. (New York)
Chakravarti, M. (1986) The Concept of Rudra-Shiva through the Ages. (Delhi)
Dumzil, G. (1954) Rituels indo-europens Rome (Paris)
Dumzil, G. (1970) Archaic Roman Religion. (Chicago)
Ernoult, A. and Meillet, A. (2001) Dictionaire tymologique de la langue latine. Fourth edition
(Paris)
Gonda, J. (1962) Les Religions de l'Inde, vol. I : Vdisme et Hindouisme ancien. (Paris) Latte, K.
(1960) Rmische Religionsgeschichte. (Munchen)
MacDonell, A. A. (1897) Vedic Mythology. (Strasburg)
Maurer, W. (1986) Pinnacles of Indias Past. (Amsterdam, Philadelphia)
Mayrhofer, M. (1986) Etymologisches Wrterbuch des Altindoarischen. (Heidelberg). Neas
Hraste, D. and Vukovi, K. (2011) Rudra-Shiva and Silvanus-Faunus: Savage and
Propitious. Journal of Indo-European Studies 39.1&2: 100-15
Oldenberg, H. (1993) The Religion of the Veda. (Delhi)
Parker, H. C. (1993) Romani numen soli: Faunus in Ovids Fasti TAPA 123: 199-217
Scheuer, J. (1993) Rudra/iva and the Destruction of the Sacrifice in Y. Bonnefoy (ed.) Asian
Mythologies (Chicago), 39-43
Srinavasan, D. M. (1983) Vedic Rudra-iva Journal of the American Oriental Society 103.3:
543-56
Walde, A. and Hoffmann, J. B. (1938) Lateinisches etymologisches Wrterbuch.
(Heidelberg).
West, M. (2007) Indo-European Poetry and Myth. (Oxford)
Wissowa, Georg (1912) Religion und Kultus der Rmer. (Munchen)
kresimir.vukovic@merton.ox.ac.uk