API Standard 1104 - Welding of Pipeline and Related Facilities

API
Stand
ard
1104 Weldi
Stan
ng of
dard
Pipeli
1104
ne
and
Relate
d
Faciliti
es+A3

Edition Section Inquiry #

Question
Reply
18th - May
The section on essential variables for Weld Procedure The groups are not specified in API-1104, they are to be selected by
1104-I-01-96
1994
Qualifications, Section 2.4.2.5, states a change from
the user. See Para. 2.3.2.3.
one group to another. However, this section does not
specify which group. Is the first group specified in
Table 2 which is < 12.7 mm and > 12.7 mm? Or is it the
group specified under Welder Qualification Tests which
is < 4.8 mm, 4.8 mm - 19 mm, and > 19 mm?

1104 18th - May

1994
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1994

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1994
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1994

1104 18th - May

1994

The essential variable list in Section 2.4 for Weld

1104-I-01-96
Yes.
Procedure Qualification does not cover diameter
groupings although Welder Qualification Tests do have
groupings.
Is
it
correct
in
saying
that
qualifying
a
1104-I-01-96
Welder Qualification Tests for Automatic Welding
Welder Qualification Tests for Automatic Welding - Since Para. 9.6
procedure
2" diameter
would
say,
a 40" for provides that both the equipment and the operator are qualified at
Section 9.7on
does
not specify
any qualify,
essential
variables
diameter
butt weld provided
other
essential variables the same time, the Essential Variables specified in Para. 9.5 apply.
Welder
Qualification
Tests. Isall
this
correct?
1104-I-01-96
Weld
Procedure
Qualification
- Automatic
Welding
Weld Procedure Qualification for Automatic Welding - The
were met?
Under Section 9, this appears to be leaving the
groupings are left to the writer of the procedure specification.
groupings of diameters and wall thickness to the
Clarification
requirements
paragraph
If the cluster porosity cannot be proven to be in the finish pass, the
1104-I-02-96
Contractor asofitthe
states
this will beofstated
in the6.3.8.2.c
WPS.
with
respect
cluster porosity
is required
since the
criteria of Para. 6.3.8.2 applies. If Para. 6.3.8.2c applies, then figures
Should
theseto
groupings
be per API
1104 and/or
collective
aggregate size of porosity is being
18 and 19 must be used even if the indication on the radiograph has
Company requirements?
1104-I-02-96
With
similardifferently
size porosity
all fallinginspectors.
into the medium
If
the defined
size of the
is the size shown in the "medium" charts
interpreted
by different
been
as porosity
cluster porosity.
category, the density which is in the assorted chart
of Figures 18 and 19, then that is the chart which must be used as
cannot be defined. When a cluster of 5 to 7 pores
the acceptability standard.
cannot fit into an inscribed circle on the fine chart, the
If the Company has not required the use of a line-up
1104-I-04-96
No. See Para. 2.3.2.11
client is rejecting it even though there is no other
clamp in its project specific specification, does API
porosity within the entire radiograph. An attached
1104
require the
of a clamp?butt welds, is this
1104-I-04-96
As
paragraph
4.3use
is
Para. 4.3 requires that the use of line-up clamps must be in
sketch
illustrates
theconcerning
condition.
indicating that a clamp must be used for butt welds and accordance with the procedure specification. If the procedure
that the weld procedure specification (as discussed in specification does not require a line-up clamp, then none needs to
1104-I-04-96
Why is a clamp required for a weld procedure
A line-up clamp is not required for the weld procedure qualification.
2.3.2.11) for butt welds must reflect this?
be used when making the production weld. See Para. 2.3.2.11.
qualification, when the pipe nipples for the WPS will
See Para. 2.3.2.11.
have been cut from the same length of pipe and hence
Regardless
of what
of words
API 1104
We cannot comment on the intention of the committee, only what is
1104-I-04-96
the dimension
fit upthe
willform
be very
good;that
whereas,
the
uses,
the intention
of will
the vary
committee
in regard written.
field fitwhat
ups was
are from
pipes that
in dimension,
API
1104
only
discusses
theweld
clamp
as a method of weld API 1104 does not discuss specific types of line-up clamps, only the
1104-I-04-96
to
the
use
of clamp
for butt
joints?
ovality,
etc.?
alignment. If API 1104 permits the use of other methods method, i.e. internal, external or no clamp.
of alignment, why are they not discussed and
parameters
given foristheir
use, removal,
etc.? If other
1104-I-05-96
If
a tensile strength
conducted
for welder
Paragraph 3.5.3 requires that the soundness requirements of
methods are permitted,
what are
they and
what other
qualification,
what information
should
be recorded
Paragraph 2.6.3.3 be met. The tensile strength need not be
parameters
govern
use? (a) I measure the
regarding
the
test? their
Currently,
calculated. It is therefore not necessary to measure the tensile
specimen before testing, document that, (b) calculate
specimen or to record the breaking load. Only the results of the
the specimens area, document that, (c) test the
examination per Paragraph 2.6.3.3 need to be recorded. Paragraph
specimen documenting the load, and (d) calculate the 3.5.3 requires that the soundness requirements of Paragraph 2.6.3.3
tensile strength of the specimen, documenting the
be met. The tensile strength need not be calculated. It is therefore
computed tensile strength. If it meets the required
not necessary to measure the tensile specimen or to record the
specified
minimumand
tensile
strength
of the material,
breaking
load. Only
the results of One
the examination
per variables
Paragraph
1104-I-0810-96
1)
Do a procedure
welder
qualification
on a buttit is 1)
PROCEDURE
QUALIFICATION
of the essential
accepted.
But this
not
a requirement
welder fillet listed
2.6.3.3inneed
to be recorded.
weld,
according
to is
API
1104,
qualify for of
unlimited
Paragraph
2.4 is 2.4.2.3 "Joint Design." Here it states that a
qualification
is it?
It appears
to me,
thatas
allASME
that isXI.
welds
as it does
with
other codes
such
major change in joint design constitutes an essential variable. A
required for welder qualification is for the tensile
change from a butt to a fillet weld is a major change in joint design,
specimen to break outside the weld zone or meet nick- thus requiring that a new procedure be qualified. WELDER
break requirements if it does break in the weld zone,
QUALIFICATION If a welder qualifies by making a butt weld per
and the documentation is accepted or rejected and
Paragraph 3.2 "Single Qualification," that welder is subject to the
nothing else. Is this correct?
essential variables listed in 3.3.2. Here in subparagraph "g," it states
that a change in joint design constitutes an essential variable. A
change
from aStandard
butt to a does
fillet weld
is a major
change
in joint
design.
1104-I-0913-96
On samples extracted such that their length is parallel The
API-1104
not require
charpy
testing.
Therefore,
Thatcannot
welderrespond
would therefore,
not be qualified to make fillet welds.
to the pipe axis, are shear values required from testing? we
to your question.
Is pipe mill roll direction relevant to the testing of site- (2) Paragraph 4.3 requires that the use of line-up clamps must be in
Four
examples
of repair
situations that could arise are Example
1 Yes.
2 Yes, specification.
assuming thatIf"Clause
6.3.2.a" in
1104-I-1015-96
accordance
withExample
the procedure
the procedure
produced
vertical
butt welds?
attached. They are labeled Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the
first sentence
be 6.3.8.2.
3 Yes.
specification
doeswas
not intended
require a to
line-up
clampExample
then none
needs to
are only scenarios and are not actual cases that have
Example
4 Depends
upon
diameterweld.
of the
pipe.
See paragraphs
be used when
making
the the
production
See
Paragraph
2.3.2.11.
occurred
ondefinition
any project.
Please
review
the four
and that
6.3.7.2.g.
(3)
line-up
clamp
is notthe
required
for the
procedure
1104-I-1015-96
What
is the
of the
words
"injurious
Defect" as 6.3.4.c
AnyAdefect
exceeds
standards
of weld
acceptability.
examples.
In each
example,7.1.2,
is theRemoval
repair acceptable
in qualification.
they
are used
in paragraph
and
accordance
with
sections
6
and
7
of
API
Standard
See
Paragraph
2.3.2.11.
(4)
We
cannot
give
advice
on
the
use
of
What
is the definition
ofAPI
the Standard
words "Sound
as
Sound metal, as used in Paragraph 7.1.2, is the metal that remains
1104-I-1015-96
Preparation
For Repair,
1104, Metal"
18th - May
1104?
clamps,
interpret
they
are used in paragraph 7.1.2, Removal and
after
the only
injurious
defect has been removed.
1994?
what is written.
(5)provides
API 1104only
doesthree
not discuss
typesaof
linePreparation2.6.3.2
For Repair,
1104,
18th - shall
May Paragraph
Paragraph
statesAPI
thatStandard
nick-break
samples
2.6.3.2
methodsspecific
of breaking
nick
1104-I-1019-96
up clamps,
only
1994?
be
broken by: ) pulling in a tensile machine
break
coupon
sothe
that it is all that can be used . However, your point
method,
i.e., internal, external,
or no
clamp.your
Thisletter
covers
every
b) supporting at each end and striking the middle;
is
very understandable
so we are
sending
to the
Welding
possible method.
c) supporting one end and striking the other end. Is it Procedures
and Welder Qualifications subcommittee for review and
1104-I-1122-96
Can
I use a
weld procedure
qualified
using
a non- Paragraph
2.4.2.3 to
"Joint
Design" specifies that a major change in
the intent
offillet
the code
to specifically
rule out
other
possible revision
the standard.
bevel lap of
fillet
to complete
a 45through
degree single
bevel fillet joint design constitutes an essential variable thus requiring
methods
causing
fracturing
the weldment?
weld? And, vice versa.
requalification. A change from a non-bevel lap fillet weld to a bevel
fillet weld is a major change as it involves a bevel in addition to the
fillet. However, if the same procedure is qualified on a bevel fillet
When qualifying welding procedures for fillet welds,
1104-I-1122-96
Both.
weld, the same procedure can be used to weld a lap fillet because in
one must note the range of wall thickness and
the qualified procedure, once the bevel is filled, the joint design
diameters over which the procedure is applicable. Is
API 1104 referring to the wall thickness and diameter of remaining is essentially the same as that of a lap joint.
the branch or header piping?

1104 18th - May

1994

1104 18th - May

1994
1104 18th - May
1994
1104 18th - May
1994

1104-I-0130-97
Under Section 3.2.2 and 3.3.2 for multiple qualification
of welders, is it correct in understanding that a welder
who has successfully completed the multiple
qualification tests using filler metal from the group 1,
(example E-6010& E-7010), in the downhill travel
progression
would
be required
to successfully
1104-I-0130-97
After
completion
of also
the multiple
qualification
tests
complete those
same 3.3.2
two tests
filler
metalE-7010
from
prescribed
in section
usingusing
E-6010
and/or
the group 3,in(E-7018),
in the
uphill traveland
technique
electrodes
the downhill
progression,
electingtonot
install
attachment
fittings
on
pipelines
such
as
threadto certify on a full size branch test again, is the only
o-lets,
requiring
the
use
of
E-7018,
since
the
weld
joint
other option
for a to
welder
to be
qualified
for welding
Question
3 refers
API RP
1107,
Third Edition
April
1104-I-0130-97
for fittings
a 3.1
fullallows
penetration
single
fittings
on aispipeline
using
for bevel?
the
root and E1991.
Section
forE-6010
a welder
to
perform
7018 for the fill
and cover
are those
outlined the
in
maintenance
welding
afterpasses
successfully
completing
ASME Sectionof
Ix,API
Boiler
Pressure
Vessel
Code,
QW
requirements
Std &
1104
3.1 to 3.6
or API
RP 1107
452?
3.2
to 3.5. Is4 a
to install
using
1104-I-0130-97
Questions
& welder
5 refer qualified
to API 1104,
18th - sleeves
May 1994
and
E-7018
the welder
test on April
a Butt1991.Provided
and Branch using
EAPI
RP if
1107,
Third Edition,
a
7018?
procedure
was qualified and a welder was tested on the
12-3/4" dia. butt weld and a 12-3/4 dia. full size branch
test, per API Std. 1104 Sec. 3.3, using E-6010 downhill
for the root passes and E-7018 uphill for the fill and
cover passes, wouldnt this welder meet the criteria as
outlined in API Std. 1104, Sec. 3.3.2 for qualifications to
weld in all positions, all wall thickness', joint designs,
and fittings on all pipe diameters, including the
installation of full encirclement sleeves as outlined in
API RP 1107, Sec. 3.1?

Yes. Paragraph 3.3.2.b requires requalification. if the direction of

welding changes from vertical uphill to vertical downhill or vice
versa. Also, paragraph 3.3.2.c requires requalification. if the filler
metal classification is changed from Group 1 or 2 to Group 3 or from
Group 3 to Group 1 or 2.
No. The welder could be qualified under 3.2 "Single Qualification."

We assume that by "---on a butt and branch---" you mean the butt
weld and branch described in paragraph 3.3.1 of API 1104 and to the
branch described in paragraph 3.2 of API 1107. With this assumption
the answer to your question is yes. However, to install sleeves the
welder
not need
to make
weld qualification
test.
The1 or
Yes
butdoes
the welder
would
only a
bebutt
qualified
to weld using
Group
welder
can make
a single
qualification
described
in the
2
electrodes
downhill
on the
root pass test
and as
Group
3 electrodes
second
3.2.1
of ASPI 1104.
uphill
onparagraph
the fill andofcap
passes.

API Standard 1104 - Welding of Pipeline and Related Facilities

1104 18th - May

1994

1104-I-0130-97
DOT CFR 192, Sec. 192.229(C) states that welders are
The subject of a time limit for the qualification of welders has
required to re-certify after 6 months unless proof of
always been left to the codes and user companies. However, this
welding using the process for which they are certified subject will be presented to the API 1104 Subcommittee On Welder
under is produced. DOT 195, Sec. 195.222 does not
Qualification for review.
address a specific qualification term limit. Both DOT
sections 192-Transportation of Natural Gas and DOT
Section 195-The Transportation of Hazardous Liquids
by Pipeline, reference API Std. 1104 and ASME Sec. IX
for welder qualification testing. ASME B31.3 (1990
Does a specific procedure for the branch weld in a
Yes, a welder must use a qualified welding procedure when
1104 18th - May
1104-I-0507-97
Edition), Sec. 434.8.3 references API Std 1104 and/or
1994
multiple qualification test of welders need to be in place qualifying. See the first paragraph of Paragraph 3.3.1, "For multiple
ASME Sec. IX for welder certification. ASME B31.4 (1992
when doing the multiple qualification?
qualification, a welder shall successfully complete the two test
Edition), Sec. 328.2 references only ASME Sec. IX for
welds described below, using qualified procedures." We point out
certification
testing. ASME
Boiler
& Pressure
Is
branch connection
diameter
considered
anVessel
essential Diameter
is not who
an essential
variable
in the
of aweld
welding
1104 18th - May
1104-I-0910-97
that the welder
successfully
makes
thequalification
procedure test
is
Code Sec.
IX, QW-322
does
address
six months
1994
variable
when
qualifying
welding
procedures
forwithout
fillet
procedure
as it is not listed in Paragraph 2.4.2. However, Paragraph
also qualified.
welding
requiring
a
new
qualification.
With
the
Federal
welds on branch connections? Is it correct to assume 2.3.2.3 requires that the company establish its own diameter range
Regulations
and
required
codes
referencing
API,
why
that header diameter in a branch connection weld is
for which the procedure is applicable. This range must then be
doesnt
API Std.
1104, Sec. 3.7 and API RP 1107,
NOT
an the
essential
variable?
recorded in the procedure specification. Having done this, pipe with
Sec. 3.6 stipulate a time limit for qualification of
diameters
that were outside the selected range can be welded
1104
19th
9.3.9 1104-I- Does the standard intend that any elongated porosity
Yes.
welders?
without requalifying the welding procedure. However, the procedure
the
root pass
should
considered
1104 -DATE
19th
9.3.9 0106-00
1104-I- indication
If so, does in
the
standard
intend
thatbe
the
definition to
of be specification
No.
covering that weld must be changed to include the
hollow
bead?
-DATE
0106-00 linear indication (length more than 3 times the width as new diameter range for which the procedure is applicable.
in MT and PT) be applied to porosity indications in
radiographic applications? At the moment, we have a
project (.250" wall pipe) in which a proe of porosity
1/16" wide and 5/32" long is deemed rejectable because
1104
19th
6.1
1104-I- Is
the entire
procedure
qualification
rejected
The welding procedure is not qualified because all of the test
it does
not meet
the linear
indicationtest
criteria,
and and
is
-DATE
0121-00 thus
the welding
procedure
not than
qualified?
considered
a single
pore rather
hollow bead. If the specimens shown in Table 2 and figure 3 have not been
1104
19th
6.1
1104-I- Is the welders test for the A side also rejected and
Both welders have failed because their qualification weld must have
successfully tested.
same indication was over 3/16" long, it is considered
-DATE
0121-00 thus the welder not qualified?
been made using a previously qualified procedure. See the first
hollow bead and is acceptable. In other words, the
sentence of 6.1 General. However, had the procedure been
shorter indication is rejectable and the longer indication
qualified, i.e. both the A and B side tests passed, then the procedure
is acceptable. This interpretation is causing some
and 1104
both Standard
of the welders
have beenspecify
qualified
provided the
"A record shall be made of the tests given to each
API
does would
not specifically
information
1104 18th - May
3.81104-I-0301-00
confusion.
proper number
of test specimens
were
successfully
tested as
1994
welder and of the detailed results of each test. A form regarding
the parameters
of welding
that
is to be recorded,
i.e.
discussed in
the third
sentence
6.1 is
General.
similar to that shown in Figure 2 should be used. (This electrodes
used,
amperage,
etc. ofThis
left to the discretion of the
form should be developed to suit the needs of the
individual companies. However, a record must be made of the tests
individual company but must be sufficiently detailed to given and the detailed results of each test (see Paragraph 3.8).
demonstrate that the qualification test met the
requirements of this standard.) A list of qualified
welders and the procedures for which they are qualified
shall be maintained. ..."
Some people presume that Section 3.8 of the Standard
requires that written documentation must be made to
verify
that each
welder welded
within
the
established
1104 18th - MayPara. 3.2.1
1104-I-0302-00
Clarification
is requested
regarding
the
utilization
of
No. Each welder must weld the entire wall thickness when he/she is
parameters
of thewhose
qualified
welding procedure(s).
This qualifying. See Paragraph 3.2.1.
1994
multiple welders
qualifications
are in a lesser
would
include written
notations
thethickness
electrodes
wall
thickness
grouping
than theoffull
of used,
a
amperages,weld.
voltages,
and travelwelders
speeds on
of each
pass,
production
For example,
the job
are
preheat temperature(s)
and interpass
qualified
to weld thicknesses
betweentemperatures.
4.78 mm (3/16")
However,
contend
that
the Standard
and
19.05 others
mm (3/4")
but the
production
welddoes
has not
a
require written
details
of the welder qualification tests
thickness
of 25.4
mm (1").
other
than a pass/fail
designation
and wherein
a reference
to the There was a mistake in the printing of the 19th Edition of API 1104.
Is
it permissible
to utilize
two welders
each
19th
1104-September
Figure
1999
12,1104-I-0224-00
Note 1
qualifying
radiograph
welder
qualification
by
welder
would
only deposit
up
to 19.05
mm weld
When
two
welders
arewhen
being
qualified
using
20 deposit
While the title of Figure 12 is correct, the drawing is incorrect. The
radiography
isand
utilized.
They
contend
that
thickness
in order
to fill(Para.
up the3.6)
weld
groove?
Basically,
diameter pipe
each
person
is welding
one-half
ofas drawing should be identical to Figure 12 of the 18th Edition, which
longfirst
as
the
welder
tests
were
"monitored",
no
other
the
welder
would
weld
the
Root,
Hot
Pass,
and
weld, do you have to weld tow sets of nipples inPart shows 12 total weld specimens instead of 16.
documentation
is
required.
of Fill to
passes;
the second
welderrequired
would complete
order
get theand
sixteen
test samples
per
The response to your question is no. You do need to test 12 weld
Please
provide
clarification
as to the
of API
the
balance
of the
weld thickness,
i.e.meaning
part of the
fill
welder?
specimens from each welder's half (see Table 13). The weld
1104 Section
3.8Cap.
requirements,
passes
and the
specimens should be equally spaced around the segments welded
especially
results."
19th
1104-September
Figure
1999
12,1104-I-0224-00
Note 1
If
you haveregarding
a welding"detailed
procedure
that was qualified with You
mustwelder
requalify
thequalified
procedure.
ER70S-3
is 1).
not listed in
by each
being
(seeAWS
Figure
12, Note
the MIG process using AWS ER 70S-3 and you are
Table 1. The note to Table 1 therefore requires requalification.
going to use AWS ER 70S-do you have a requalify the
In
referenceusing
to Figure
10 on
Page
15 or
(the
non-branch
Not necessarily. The larger pipe can be split and fitted to the
1104 18th - May
Fig. 10 pg.
1104-I-0221-00
15
procedure
the new
filler
metal
can
you just
1994
connection
sketches), is the weld
smaller pipe.
make
the substitution?
specimen for fillet-weld procedure qualification one
piece
of apipe
(smaller
diameter)
slipped
into
another
Is
there
standard
procedure
and
welder
qualification
1104 18th - May
Fig. 10 pg.
1104-I-0221-00
15
No.
piece of
pipe (largerisdiameter)?
1994
report
templatethat
offered pre-printed from API?

1104 18th - May

Fig. 10 pg.
1104-I-0221-00
15
Is radiography acceptable to qualify a welding
1994
procedure or
only a welder?

Only a welder, not a procedure. However, please note that in

Sections 9 and 10 "Automatic Welding" and "Automatic Welding
Without Filler-Metal Additions nondestructive testing is required in
addition to destructive testing when qualifying a procedure. (See
Par. 9.2 and Par. 10.2.1)
1104 18th - May
Fig. 10 pg.
1104-I-0221-00
15
Is destructive testing the only way to qualify a welding See 3 above.
1994
1104 18th
- May
Fig. 10 pg.
1104-I-0221-00
15
If a welder is qualified using a standard type MIG
Requalification is not necessary.
1994
welder, does
a change to2.2.1.3
the use
a pulse type
MIG"For
welder
require Yes, the reference to wall thickness applies to both the thickness of
Paragraph
of of
Appendix
B states
in-service
19th
1104-September 1999
App. 1104-I-0327-00
B
requalification;
that all
variables
fillet
welds, pipeassuming
wall thickness
isother
not an
essentialremain the sleeve and to the thickness of the service pipe. Neither are
the
same? Does that also apply to the thickness of a hot essential variables.
variable."
tap fitting
(e.g.welding
the filletand
weld
joining
the fitting
to an in- You must re-qualify because Appendix B has requirements for
19th
1104-September 1999
App. 1104-I-0327-00
B
Can
I use butt
fillet
welding
procedures
service pipe)? I understand that the wall thickness of
qualified under Section 5 of API 1104 to make in-service procedure qualification that are not required in Section 5.
thea in-service
pipe is not
an essential
variable but
what Yes. See the last paragraph under Par. B.1 and the sentence under
In
previous
inquiry
(TI 1104-081096),
it is
19th
1104-September 1999
App. 1104-I-0327-00
B
welds
or musttechnical
I requalify?
about the
wallfrom
thickness?
stated
thatsleeve
a change
a butt weld to a fillet weld is B.2.
considered a major change in joint design and thus
requires a new procedure to be qualified. In branch
Clarification
of the requirements
of API
Acceptance or rejection of porosity is based on two factors, size of
1104 18th - MayPar. 6.3.8.c
1104-I-0419-00
connection welding,
if I change the
weld1104
prepEighteenth
on the
1994
Edition,
May from
1994 aissquare
requested
6.3.8edge,
with the individual pores (Par. 6.3.8.2 a and b) and amount (Par. 6.3.8.2 c).
branch pipe
edgefor
toParagraph
a single bevel
respect
to "Aligned
as shown
in Figure 18.
In judging the amount, the reader is directed to Figures 18 and 19,
must I consider
thatPorosity
a major change
too?
The inquirer is welding an 18" diameter pipeline with a in your case Figure 18. Figures 18 and 19 are not intended to show
wall thickness of 6.35mm (0.250"). In radiographs of
size, only amount or distribution (see the note). All pores shown in
the girth welds, we are able to see images of aligned
Figure 18 and 19 would be smaller than 1/8" or 25 percent of the
porosity similar to that shown in Figure 18. Figure 18 thinner wall thickness. Otherwise, they would be rejected under
shows the distribution matrix, but the note at the
Par. 6.3.8.2 a or b. Therefore, the reader must use judgement as to
bottom
of the Figure
states
?The
size of theTest
gas
which
the
four examples
shown
"aligned"
meets his
case.
1104 18th - May Sec. 8.1
1104-I-0427-00
With
reference
to Section
8.1
Radiographic
Yes
asof
API
Standard
1104 does
not under
specify
the conditions
under
pockets isisnot
drawn to scale;
for dimension,
to
Pleasegamma
refer toradiography
Par. 6.2 "Rights
of Rejection."
1994
Methods,
it permissible
to radiograph
weldsrefer
joining
which
is used.
It is the imaging results that
6.3.8.@
In
the
case
of
paragraphs
6.3.8.2
(a)
and
(b),
API 5LX-60
pipetowith
wall thickness
of 0.312"
and
determine acceptability of the method. See Par. 8.1.1.
With
reference
Section
2 offor
APIrejection,
1104,
is itbut
permissible
1104 18th - May Sec.1104-I-0519-00
2
Yes.
there
is
a
specific
dimension
for
0.375"
usingthan
gamma
radiography?
1994
to
list more
onePorosity
filler metal
rod or
size
for each
Figure
18 - Aligned
(three
more)
no
welding
pass in a welding
procedure
specification
specific dimension
has been
identified.
Hence, NDT
when
the
was
qualified
using
only one
rod
interpretation
Figure
B-2procedure
Suggested
by Inspector
Procedure
and Client
and
isWelder
done
as per
19th
1104-September Fig.
1999B-2
1104-I-0728-00
No.
size?
The
rod
size
used
in
the
procedure
qualification
Figure 18 dimensions
Qualification
Test Assembly
only. Please
does not
identify
havethe
specific
size of
is
necessarily
thedimensions
size
or sizes
inthat
the is, with
thenot
pore
for such
each type
shown
in Figure
information
as
forlisted
the18,
assembly
nor
procedure
specification.
spacing
4T,for
2Tthe
and
1T between
the and
aligned
flow
rates
cooling
fluid into
out pores.
of the
Paragraph 2.2 states that forms similar to those shown No. Paragraph 2.2 does not make Figure 1 mandatory as it states
1104 18th - May
2.2, 2.3.2.5,
1104-I-0817-00
2.4
assembly. Is there a relationship between what the
1994
in Figures 1 and 2 should be used. Figure 1 contains a Forms similar to those shown in Figure 1 and 2 should be used.
length of the assembly should be compared to the pipe
sketch showing the sequence of beads. Paragraph
However somehow the user must designate the sequence of beads
diameter?
2.3.2.5 requires
thatCan
the a"sequence
of beads shall
be
as required
in Paragraph
2.3.2.5.
1104 18th - May
2.2, 2.3.2.5,
1104-I-0817-00
2.4
Paragraph
2.3.2.5:
welding procedure
specify
Yes,
the welding
precedure
can so state without requiring the
designated".
the of
welding
procedure
required
to or qualification of two separate welding procedures. Electrode
1994
more
than oneIssize
electrode,
for example,
5/32"
contain
a sketch
of the sequence
of beads?
3/16"
diameter
electrodes
for the fill
pass? Or are two diameter is not an essential variable (see Paragraph 2.4)
1104 18th - May
2.2, 2.3.2.5,
1104-I-0817-00
2.4
Paragraph
2.3.2.13:
For the materials
being welded, the No.
separate
welding
procedures
required?
1994
welding procedure requires preheat. The welding
inspector is checking that the proper preheat is
achieved. Is the welding procedure required to specify
how the inspector measures the preheat?

API Standard 1104 - Welding of Pipeline and Related Facilities

1104 18th - May

2.2, 2.3.2.5,
1104-I-0817-00
2.4
This question concerns the information to be recorded a. Number of passes The minimum number must be recorded but
1994
during the welding procedure qualification. The
not the actual number. See Paragraph 2.3.2.5
allowable values/ranges are put in the welding
b. Electrode size- The sizes for which the procedure covers shall be
procedure specification. Do the actual values used
listed but it is not required to list the actual sizes used to qualify the
during the test weld have to be recorded for number of procedure. (see Paragraph 2.3.2.5)
passes, size and type of electrodes, speed of travel,
c. Type of electrode- The type (classification number) of the filler
voltage, and
amperage?
must
be listed
(see paragraph
2.3.2.5) is to be shown only that it be made.
Question
2 asked
if the procedure can show more than metal
1104 18th - May
2.2, 2.3.2.5,
1104-I-0817A-00
2.4
Par. 2.4.1
does
not specify
how the revision
1994
one rod size for the fill pass. If that is done how do you d. Speed of travel The range, not the actual speed must be listed.
show
thereply
revision
to comply
with the
Partperson
2.4.1 toconducting
show the (see
On
your
to question
4 does
1104 18th - May
2.2, 2.3.2.5,
1104-I-0817A-00
2.4
No. Paragraph 2.3.2.16)
e. Voltage and Amperage- The range for each electrode, not the
changes
fromtestamony
one rod toby
another.
1994
the
test give
signing and stamping that
actual,
(see
2.3.2.6)
the ranges
in the procedure
wereorfollowed.
1104 18th - May
2.2, 2.3.2.5,
1104-I-0817A-00
2.4
Also
is the specified
letter an official
interpretation
opinion.
Yes,
themust
letterbetolisted.
Mr. Holk
is Paragraph
an official API
interpretation.
1994

1104 18th - May

1994

If a procedure specification qualified under API 1104

The procedure can be used for any diameter without requalification
2 1104-I-0908-00
Section 2 lists only one diameter and one wall
because diameter is not an essential variable. However the welding
thickness (.250"), is it only qualified for the specified
prcedure specification must be revised to include the the diameter
wall thickness and diameter or can it be used outside
to be welded. If the range for wall thickness has not been
the ranges listed as long as the WPS is revised to show established before the start of any production welding, the
If a fillet weld procedure specification only lists one wall See 1 above.
1104 18th - May
2 1104-I-0908-00
the change?
procedure can be used for other wall thicknesses without
1994
thickness (.250") and one diameter, can it be used for
requalification
provided
procedure
specification
To qualify
a welder
under Section 3.3 - Multiple
The
wall thickness
need the
not welding
be over
thick but
it must be atisleast
1104 18th - May
2 1104-I-0908-00
material
over
1/2" thick.
revised
include
thesentence
wall thicknesses
to be welded.
1994
Qualification, must the weld test specimens be over
.
(seetothe
second
of the second
paragraph of
1/2" thick? Must the procedure specification specify
Paragraph 3.3.1 and the second sentence of the third paragraph of
1104 18th - May
2 1104-I-0908-00
Under Section
2.2,1/2"?
what is meant by complete results? This
refers 3.3.1).
to the results
of the tests
performedneed
as specified
in
thicknesses
over
Paragraph
The procedure
specification
not specify
1994
Paragraphs
and/or
thicknesses 2.6
over
. 2.8.
1104 18th - May
2 1104-I-0908-00
Under Section 2, if a company takes the procedure
Yes, provided the test results are attached.
1994
specification, has a welder make welds that are
destructively tested and pass can they just date the
specification and use it for the permanent qualification
record?
This assumes that they welded within all of the
essential variables of the specification but did not
1104 18th - May
2 1104-I-0908-00
If a procedure is qualified and the wall thickness range Your question is not clear. Table 2 prescribes the number and type
record the ACTUAL variables as they were used?
1994
is specified as 3/16" through 3/4", does the procedure of test specimens that must be tested depending upon the diameter
An example would be an amperage range of 80-120 on
have to be tested differently accordingly to the
and wall thickness of the test weld. For example, if the test weld
the specification. They actually welded at 100 amps but
thickness groupings listed in Table 2 under Section 2? was made on 16 diameter x .375 wall pipe 16 total test specimens
didn't
record
this
information
anywhere. Can
the a
19th
1104-September
Sec.
1999
6.2.2
1104-I-0925-00
f
Does this
allow
a welder
who successfully
passes
Yes.
would be rquired (4 tensile, 4 nick-breaks, 4 root bends and 4 face
specification
now be
used
as test
the permanent
record
of
single
qualification
butt
weld
at 45 degrees
to do
bends).
qualification?
butt
weld on
saddles,
The definitions of terms used in the API 1104 Standard, unless
19th
1104-September
Sec.
1999
6.2.2
1104-I-0925-00
f
Whatwelds
is theand
definition
ofsleeves,
a lap fillet
weld? and similar
encirclement fittings in all positions?
defined otherwise in the Standard, are contained in AWS A3.0 (See
Paragraph 2). There you will find a lap joint defined as a joint
between two overlapping members in parallel planes. A lap fillet
Considering these groupings the materials we use are A. Regarding the question asked in A of your request for
1104 18th - May
Sec. 2.4.2.2
1104-I-1102-00
weld is shown in the center and lower test assemblies in Figure 10
1994
listed below and grouped accordingly.
interpretation, we call your attention to Par.
and in the upper right corner of Figure 11.
Group( A) SA-106 Gr.B, API 5L Gr.B, API 5L-X42
2.3.2.2. There you will note that the qualification test must be
Group (B) API 5L-X52, API 5L-X60
made on the highest specified minimum
Group(C) API 5L-X65
yield strength in the group. Therefore, the answers to your
questions are:
Also considering compatibility of the base materials
A1 Yes.
and filler materials within the
A2 No.
groups, I would like to know if I understand API
A3 It will qualify x65 to x65 but not other materials that you might
correctly:
include in Group C, because each
1. If I Qualify for group (A) X-42 (TO) X42, will it
grade must receive a separate qualification test.
qualify
our materials
in group
(A)?18 th and 19th
19th
1104-September Sec.
19996.4
1104-I-0404-01
A
recentallcomparison
of the
API-1104
There is no tolerance for cracks, inadequate penetration or burn2. If I Qualify
foragroup
(B)change
X-52 (TO)
X52visual
will it qualify through
Also we
your qualification
attention to the
warning in the note at the end
Editions
revealed
notable
to the
on call
a welder
test.
all our materials
in group
(B)?
of Par.
2.4.2.2. to the NDT sections in the 18 TH Edition were there to
examination
criteria
utilized
for welder qualifications,
The
references
3. Section
If I Qualify
forthe
group
X65 (TO)
X65 will6.4
it qualify
i.e.
3.4 of
18th (C)
Edition
and Section
of the provide the definition of the defect,
ourth material
group (C)?
B. And
Regarding
the question
in C, of
weboth
assume
byth
19
Edition. for
References
to defect tolerances (of the
not
the C.
defect
tolerance.
In the firstasked
sentence
Par. that
3.4 (18
above combinations
you mean
those
NDT acceptance standards section) shown in the 18 th
Edition)
and 6.4 (19th Edition)
it says,
----shall be free from---. The
th
B.
We have
also weld
BaseinMaterial
listed
in your Question
B. Procedures
qualified
fortocombinations
Edition
been the
deleted
the 19 thgroups
Edition.in When
NDT
references
were removed
from the 19
Edition
eliminate any
combination.
For
example
it
is
necessary
to
weld:
of
materials
only
qualify
a
procedure
for
read verbatim, there is no tolerance for cracks,
confusion.
1. Group (A)
X42 TO Group(B)
X52, or other defects
using that combination of materials. Further note in Par. 2.3.2.2
inadequate
penetration,
burn-through
2. Group
(A) X42visual
TO Group
(C) X65 and
that when welding materials of two
when
performing
examinations
during welder
3. Group (A) under
X42 TO
Group
(C) X65 and
separate material groups, the procedure for the higher strength
qualifications
the
19th Edition.
These are very
groupParagraph
shall be used.
onerous
conditions
to place on
19th
1104-September 1999
11.4.6
1104-I-0517-01
We
are currently
considering
thewelder
use ofqualifications.
automated
Yes.
11.4.6 requires that requires that the compression
C. One question
is, will
procedure
with
Following
this
discovery,
Mr.
George
Hickox
ultrasonic
inspection
for Qualifying
aI contacted
range of apipelines
(6 thru
18" wave test be made
each
of the
combinations
satisfyand
the
materials
Andcompletion
E. The same
apply to branch
connections
as apply to
on
02/21/01
to
inquire
as
to the
intention
of are
this
section. D.
OD
and
0.25above
thru
1.25"
wall
thickness)
unsure
after
of rules
the circumferential
butt
weld.
wethat
useof
inthis
each
group
in A1 conditions
thru A3 & B1 butt welds.
Heto
agreed
these
were
verylisted
strenuous
as
the intent
paragraph.
thru that
B3? this was not the intent of the API-1104
and
Committee.
Mr. manufacturing
Hickox explained,
there(i.e.,
mustbefore
be a
As
part of theAs
pipe
process
D.
other is
question
pertains
to Branch
Connections:
set My
of
conditions
by which
to judge
defects
andall
that the
the
linepipe
delivered
to the
fabrication
site)
1. X42conditions
TO
X42
proper
for usescanned
during welder
qualification
linepipe
is ultrasonically
using compression
2. X42
TO X52
visual
examinations
were those
listed
in the
NDT
wave
testing.
This testing
takes the
form
of automated
3. and
X42Pacific
TO X65
acceptance
standards
as intending
was
in
the
18 th Your interpretation is not correct.
UT
the
'dead
zone'section,
(i.e.,
approx
a 4"shown
band
the
end
Caltex
Indonesia
(CPI)
are
toat
run
new
1104 18th - May 2.3.2.2
1104-I-0614-01
Edition.
Following
conversation,
Mr.
Hickox
of
each pipe)
is cut our
off
scanning
orAPI
the
end zone
1994
welding
procedures
in after
accordance
with
1104.
My is
E. Will I need
to
athis
Procedure
foriffreedom
D1
suggested
that
submit
formal
request
for
manually
ultrasonic
scanned
to is
ensure
interpretation
ofIQualify
Section
2.3.2.2
that
wethru
run D3
afrom
weld Par. 2.3.2.2 states what information you are required to include in
Branch
Connections?
clarification.
Please
provide
written
clarification
unacceptable
defects.
qualification test on a higher grade pipe material, i.e
your procedure specification regarding pipe and fitting materials.
that theXwelder
qualification
visual
examination
(API5L)
52, this
higher grade
will qualify
CPI tocriteria
weld However, par. 2.4, Essential Variables, identifies those changes to
th
of
the
18grades,
Edition
of (API
API-1104
continue
to in
aqualification
Provided
the
factory
ends5L)
of Grade
the
pipe
the same
to
lower
i.e.
B. are
The
the welding procedure that require re-qualification of the procedure.
th
to
apply
under
the
19
Edition.
condition
as they
were
manufactured
they
have not Par. 2.4.2.2 addresses base materials, and there you will see the
in
X
52 material
will
eliminate
the need(i.e.,
to run
weld
been cut back)
is iton
necessary
repeat this scanning groupings of base materials. A change from one group to another
qualification
tests
Grade B to
material.
as part of the girth weld assessment. If so, why?
requires qualification of a new procedure. In your case you would
API
1104
clearly mentions
that 2.3.2.2
misalignment
does not
However
19th
1104-September
5.6.4.1
1999&
1104-I-0711-01
7.2
Is my
interpretation
of Section
correct? Please The
needStandard
one procedure
forspecifically
the Grade Baddress
materialthis
andquestion.
another procedure
permissible
as up accordingly.
to 3 mm. While machining the
it
statematerial
in the third
sentence
Par. 5.6.4.1
that the
clarify and advise
fordoes
the X-52
as they
are inof
different
groups.
Also, note the
samples for bend tests, the code says that we should
-----reinforcements
be removed flush-----. It does not permit
last sentence in Par. shall
2.3.2.2.
flush the weld to the Parent Metal. If there is a
the removal of base material other than that incidental to the
Concerning
the
of abeing
qualified
weldshould
No
but the
Specification
(seeresult
Figure
must bebend
changed
19th
1104-September App.
1999 1104-I-0713-01
B
misalignment
inapplication
the two plates
welded,
removal
of Procedure
the reinforcement.
This will
in 1)
a tapered
test
procedure
a temper
bead
sequence,
show the
number of beads (see the second sentence of
the flushingincorporating
be done up to
the lower
plate
level or with to
specimen
at revised
the misalignment.
no
change
jointin
design,
heatmanner?
input, bead size, or
Par. 5.4.1). Also the minimum number and sequence of beads shall
should
it beindone
a tapered
other essential variables but only a change in the
be designated as per Par. 5.3.2.5.
1104 18th - MaySec. 3.2.2
1104-I-0818-01
If
the single
qualification
is from
chosen
a It is my interpretation the welder is qualified to weld the butt weld
number
of deposited
weldoption
passes
6 toto9;qualify
does this
1994
welder
a V bevel
groove
weld joint
design in the of
pipe fitting to the pipe, provided none of the essential variables of
type of for
change
constitute
a need
for requalification
diameter
over 12 3/4", and within the 3/16" to paragraphs A - G of section 3.2.2 are changed, the requirements of
the entiregrouping
procedure?
3/4" wall thickness range, will that welder also be
3.4 and either 3.5 or 3.6 are satisfied, and the welder is following all
qualified to weld a butt weld fitting to the pipe. The butt the requirements of a qualified welding procedure.
In
thefitting
API 1104
Section
3.3groove
Multiple
1104 18th - May Sec. 3.3
1104-I-0905-01
weld
will 18th
haveEdition,
the same
V bevel
weld joint The decision as to the method of layout is left to the company.
1994
Qualification
states
for12the
second
test,group,
the and
design, be in it
the
samethat
over
3/4"
diameter
welder
shall
layto
out,
cut,
fit,thickness
and weld group
a full size
branchthe same
3/16"
3/4"
wall
as the
pipe.
on-pipe connection.
Question: For a first time welder qualification, does
layout mean:
1. Thethe
welder
shall layout
the branch
connection
from No. Each welder must weld the entire wall thickness when he/she is
19th
1104-September 1999
Sec.1104-I-1022-01
6
Does
production
of a singular
qualification
coupon
scratch (using
wraparounds,
steel squares,
or anyintools qualifying.
employing
different
welding processes
approved
necessary)?
Paragraph
12.1 in which part of the weld is deposited by See Paragraph 6.2.1
a welder using one process and the remainder by
2.
The
welder
can
layout
thea branch
connection
utilizing Yes, both are to be treated as fillet welds.
another
welder
using
a second
tested
in
Are
you
required
to
qualify
fullprocess,
penetration
branch
19th
1104-September 1999
Sec.1104-I-1023-01
5
a precut template?
accordance
with to
and
conforming
to the requirements
of
connection
PQR
weld
full penetration
weld-o-lets and
Paragraph
12.6,
satisfy
Standard
in qualification of
fillet
socket
welds.
Ifweld-o-lets
notthe
what
isconsidered
required.
19th
1104-September 1999
Sec.1104-I-1023-01
5
Are
full
penetration
fillet
This question
hasthe
come
up often
and
it can be welds Yes.
both
welders
for
duration
of the
job."
When
qualify
a full
penetration
connection
19th
1104-September 1999
Sec.1104-I-1023-01
5
Yes.
by
APIyou
1104.
interpreted
differently.
What
is API'sbranch
meaning
of the
PQR
you qualified for fillet welds too.
word are
layout?

API Standard 1104 - Welding of Pipeline and Related Facilities

19th
1104-September
Para.
1999
9.3.12
1104-I-0822-01
The paragraph 9.3.12 said: excluding incomplete
penetration due to high-low and undercutting, any
accumulation of imperfections (AI) shall be considered
a defect should any of the following conditions exist:

Paragraph 9.3.12 means that when you add up the length of

imperfections in a 12 length of weld, you do not count the
undercutting or the incomplete penetration due to high low. These
are considered separately in Paragraphs 9.3.2 and 9.3.11.

a) The aggregate length of indications in any

continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of weld
exceeds 2 in. (50 mm).
The last means that if I have 12 in. (300 mm) length of
19th
1104-September
Para.
1999
9.3.9.2
1104-I-1109-01
I read on the API 1104's Code on the Paragraph 9.3.9.2 This appears to be a statement and not a question.
weld,an
imperfections
2 in (50mm)
in that(P)
weld
length
that
"Individual orofscattered
porosity
shall
be
plus,
eg 1/2 ain.defect
(13 mm)
of incomplete
considered
should
any of the penetration
following due
to
high-lowexist":
or undercutting, in this case is not
conditions
considered defect. Now if I have 12 in. (300 mm) length
of weld, imperfections of 2 in (50 mm) in that weld
a) The size of an individual pore exceeds 1/8 inch.
length plus, eg individual incomplete penetration due to
(3mm) is the criteria for acceptance that situation: a) or Par. 9.3.9.2 states Individual------a defect should ANY of the
What's
19th
1104-September
Para.
1999
9.3.9.2
1104-I-1109-01
high-low
indication
that exceeds
2 in. (50 25%
mm), because
b)
The
size
of
an individual
pore exceeds
b),
before?,
because
I considered
the criteriaofa)the
following conditions exist. Therefore the weld would be rejected by
Paragraph
9.3.2
?. if wall
thinner
of the
nominal
thickness
before,
the
welding
is acceptable,
but joined
if I considered the b.
19th
1104-September
Para.
1999
B.4.1.2
1104-I-1130-01
We
haveb)abefore,
project,the
where
we have
a longitudinal
Appendix B is a recommended practice and therefore is not
criteria
welding
shallto
bedo
considered
a
If
I've
a
welding
between
two
pipe
of
5/32
inch
(4
mm)
welds
in
a
split-tee
in
a
in
service
pipeline,
so
the
required by API 1104 (see Par. B.1). If you choose to use it, Par.
defect.
and 1/4" (6
wall thickness
a pore
situation
is mm)
if theofparagraph
b.4.1.2and
(APII found
1104-99)
B.4.1.2 does include split tees. The second sentence of B.4.1.2
which size
is 1/8to
inch
mm).
applies
in order
do (3
longitudinal
weld in the split-tee, states These joints should be fitted------. Therefore it is your
19th
1104-September
Clause
19995.6.4.1
1104-I-0218-02
If
an undercut
(accepted
asweld
per Page
No.
The third
sentence
ofuse
Paragraph
5.6.4.1
states The
cover and
besides
we want
to knowvisually
if we can
this 29,
decision
to use
or not to
a back-up
but please
read the
Table4)
is observed
onor
a bend
specimen,
is a thickness
flush
----.
This
does not permit grinding of
longitudinal
joint with
without
mild steelback-up
strip root-bead---precautionaryremoved
note at the
end
of the
paragraph.
reduction
permissible
to
grind
make
it
the
19th
1104-September
Clause
19995.6.4.1
1104-I-0218-02
If
should
the
bend
specimen
beregion
testedto
with
Yes.parent metal.
ornot,
copper
back
-up
strip
and
if that
is necessary
to
remove
smooth
and
scratch
free?
undercut
as should
itstrip.
appears?
this
19th
1104-September
Clause
19995.6.4.1
1104-I-0218-02
If
soback-up
tested,
openings in bent specimen
Yes.
resulting from undercut be cause for rejection if they
exceed the dimensions specified in Clause 5. 6. 4. 3?

19th
1104-September 1999
2.6.2.1
1104-I-0305-02
Is there a tolerance plus/minus to the approximately 1 No.
19th
1104-September 1999
2.6.2.1
1104-I-0305-02
Is
it permissible
to notch the sides to a dimension less No.
inch
wide?
than approximately 1 inch to facilitate the tensilestrength test (so the base material will break in a
designated area out of the weld zone) especially in thick
19th
1104-SeptemberPar.
1999
6.2.2
1104-I-0312-02
Must
a welder
bestill
qualified
forthe
each
WPS or is itfor
thatthe Please see Par. 6.2.2, which describes the essential variables that
base metals
and
meet all
requirements
being
WPSthe
allows
him to load
weldby
in the
any require requalification. The type of material is not an essential
tensilequalified
strengthfor
by one
dividing
maximum
material
or group? area of the specimen?
variable.
smallest type
cross-sectional
Table 1 lists filler metals into groups through
19th
1104-September 1999
Table1104-I-0321-02
1
For instance,
is a qualified and
welder
for API 5L X65
ASTM/AWS
specifications
classification.
Does it
allowed
to filler
weldmetal
on API
5L X70, 60, 56,not
42,listed
B andcan
so not
on,
mean that
classifications
or
he need
to bethose
qualified
for each WPS group?
be does
considered
within
groups?
19th
1104-September 1999
5.6.4.3 1104-I- Does API 1104 prohibit machining/grinding the entire
0401-02 bend specimen to a uniform thickness equal to the
For instance, SFA 5.28 ER 80S-G belongs or not to one
minimum
thickness
available
i.e., 6.4 mm inthe
therootpresent
API 1104
prohibit
machining/grinding
19th
1104-September 1999
5.6.4.3 1104-I- Does
group?
seesurface
enclosed
sketch)?
0401-02 case
bend (Please
specimen
until
an acceptable undercut
just disappears?
5.4.2.12 states that "A change in the range
19th
1104-September
Par.
1999
5.3.2.161104-I- Paragraph
0626-02 for speed of travel constitutes an essential variable."
and requires that the procedure be requalified if this
range is changed.

If the filler metal is not listed in one of the groups of Table 1 it

requires separate qualification. See the note under the table.
Yes. The third sentence of Par. 5.6.4.1 states The cover and root
bead ------ removed flush-----. This does not permit
machining/grinding of the parent metal of the test specimens. If you
Yes. See the third sentence of Par. 5.6.4.1.
must use a flange for the qualification weld then you must machine
it to the correct thickness prior to welding. However, please note
The Company establishes the range that they feel is appropriate and
Par. 5.5 where two pipe nipples are required to make a procedure
one way is as you have suggested in B.
qualification weld.

How is the range of travel speed for each pass

established?
A) By measuring the travel speed of each pass during
procedure
qualification and listing the exact speeds employed by
the welder for each pass.
If this is the correct method then what is an acceptable
19th
1104-September
Par.
1999
5.3.2.161104-I- Is the speed of travel specified as an essential variable There are other factors that make speed of travel an essential variable such as penetration, bead profile, ability to weld in various positions etc.
0626-02 in order to control the heat input (joules per inch)? If so,
19th
1104-September 1999
5.4.2.2
1104-I-0703-02
Does
this
mean
that a WPB
(35,000ranges
psi yield)
why are
the
amperage
and voltage
(orfitting
joulescan
per It means that fittings and/or pipe from different groups(as defined in
be
welded
to X-52
pipe
as long as
qualified
inch)
not listed
as Grade
essential
variables?
If a
not,
why is the 5.4.2.2) can be welded together, provided that the welding procedure
procedure
for welding
X-52
pipe is being
used (Please specification to be used has been qualified for welding the higher of
speed of travel
listed as
an essential
variable?
answer assuming all pressure, wall thickness and all
the two yield strengths involved in the specific pipeline design,
other design requirements are met)?
regardless of the number of grades that a specific pipe may have
been qualified to by the pipe mill.
Or, does it mean that when welding pipe, which has
been double or triple stenciled, such as a double stencil
of X-42/X-52, that a procedure qualified to weld X-52 or
Section
3. Welder
Qualification
There is no duration on the qualification of a welder. However, a
1104 18th - May Sec.1104-I-0709-02
3
the higher
yield rating
must be used.
1994
welder may be required to re-qualify if a question arises regarding
Is
any duration
on the validity
a welder
Wethere
are trying
to understand
whetheroffittings
and/or pipe his competence. See par. 3.8
qualification?
(eg.
a
welder
conducts
a
manual
welder
from different groups in section 5.4.2.2 can be welded
qualification
test
in
Dec
2001
and
conducts
production
together4.2
utilizing
the procedure for the higher yield
1104 18th - May Sec.1104-I-0709-02
3
Section
Alignment
API 1104 does not address the separation of longitudinal seams on
welding
the same
material using
of the that
two process/procedure
or if this statement with
is trying
to cover
1994
employer
until by
Mar 2002.the
Willpipe
thismills
welder
still
be pipe adjacent pipes.
the
procedure
willseparation
stencil
This
sectionconduct
doeswhich
not address
minimum
qualified
welding in
Sept 2002(or
to
qualifyto
forlongseam
severalproduction
grades.
location)
for
welds
in
seam
welded
pipe.
Is
provided no other conditions havethchanged)?
th
19th
1104-September
9.3.8.2
1999
& 1104-I-0716-02
9.3.8.3
As
a user
of API Standard
1104 19
Sept.
1999,
there
a recommended
minimum
(eg.edition
4" or six
times
theI You are correct. There was a typo in the 19 Edition, dated Sept.
would
respectfully
requestisa least).
technical interpretation of 1999. An errata dated Oct. 31, 2001 was issued to correct this and
wall thickness,
whichever
Part 9 "Acceptance Standards for Nondestructive
other typos.
Testing".
In paragraph 9.4.2.c (Magnetic Particle Testing,
Acceptance Standards) and 9.5.2.c (Liquid Penetrant
Testing, Acceptance Standards) it is stated that
"Rounded indications shall be evaluated according to
the criteria of 9.3.8.2 and 9.3.8.3, as applicable."
This requires you to evaluate all "Rounded" indications
to the "Linear" indication acceptance criteria of Slag
1104 18th - MayPar. 3.3.1
1104-I-0725-02
Paragraph
The first sentence of the third paragraph of 3.3.1 states For the
Inclusions?3.3.1 of API 1104 18th edition, Multiple
1994
Qualification
states
that the
a welder
shell lay out, second test, the welder shall lay out, cut, fit, and weld a full-size
A "Rounded" General,
indication
is where
maximum
cut,
fit and of
weld
full-size branch-on-pipe
connection.
branch-on-pipe connection. Since lay out is but one part of the
dimension
theaindication
is considered its
size for
1)
Under
Clause
5.3,
API
1104
stated
that
Diameter
question
about on
requalifing
a welding procedure, it
19th
1104-September
Clause
1999 1104-I-0804-02
5.3
If
a welder successfully
performsisthe
lay out
of Regarding
overall testyour
it must
be repeated
the retest.
evaluation.
A "Linear" indication
where
the portion
maximum
Group
shall
be
specified
in the
Welding
this
test
onof
his
first
Qualification
test, isProcedure
heitsrequired
to need not be requalified because diameter is not an essential
dimension
the
indication
is considered
length for
Specification
(WPS)
variable. However the welding procedure specification must be
lay
out the branch
when he re-qualifies,
or is he
evaluation.
See
paragraphs
9.4.1.3 and 9.5.1.3
forallowed
the
2)
But,
5.4and
(Essential
Diameter
to
use aunder
template
or shape
cutter indications
toVariables),
cut out the
branch revised to include the diameters to be welded.
definitions
of clause
rounded
linear
for
group
is not included in the essential variables list.
connection.
evaluation.
3)
we
have
qualified
ahis
WPS
with
NPSshould
8 pipe,be
dobetter
we
Forawelder
qualification, diameter is an essential variable. (See
The
evaluation
of rounded
indications
would
If
aIfwelder
can
inspect
own
welds,
he
be
If
welder---
19th
1104-September 1999
App. 1104-I-0923-02
B
need
a
WPS
for
NPS
16 in
pipe
welding
Par.6.2.2.d)personal are not required to take a test but they must
suitedtotore-qualify
and
relate
more
closely
the
type
of
required
to
take
a
test
to
prove
this,
addition
to
the
Inspection
19th
1104-September 1999
App. 1104-I-0923-02
B
Under
API-1104
Appendix
B, and
Ififawhen
procedure
was group)?
API-1104----
(within
sametest.
material
group
wall thickness
imperfection
being
evaluated
the evaluation
is Under
welder qual
be qualified as per Par. 8.3.
qualified
with
and
without
a heating
blanket,
but
4) Or we
toto
only
welder
instead
re-the and Yes, both welders would be qualified. Please note in the
made
it ishave
made
thequalify
acceptance
criteria
ofof
9.3.9.2
procedure
chosen
without,
areinboth
qualify (Rounded)
the that
WPSwas
toinstead
the
diameter
above
NPS
12? qualification of in-service welders (Par. B.3), preheat is not an
9.3.9.3
ofwas
thatgroup
contained
9.3.8.2
welders
qualified
to weld on in-service piping to this
essential variable.
and biggest
9.3.8.3
(Linear).
19th
1104-September 1999
App. 1104-I-0923-02
B
The
issue is welding on in-service piping using The biggest issue---
procedure?
Both
test
were mechanically
tested
How do
you
make
the pieces
correct
and
7018.
One
side
currently
uses evaluation
6010/7010 SMAW
on all API 1104 does not address design i.e. the type of filler metal you
and
passed.
This
test
was
given
in
the
5G
position.
How Regarding the 5G position, position does not effect you in the field
interpretation
relevant
rounded
indications
in-service
gas of
piping
operating
at or
below 60 to
psi. Does must use. However a change in filler metal does effect the
does
this
effect
us
in
the
field.
so long as the requirements of Par. 6.2.2f are met.
linear
acceptance
criteria
as required
in the is
current
the
code
allow this.
I do realize
that 7018LH
the
qualification of the procedure. (See Par. B.2 which refers you to
acceptance
standards
that would
are referenced?
preferred
method,
but this
greatly increase our Section 5. In Section 5 please note Par. 5.4.2.6. )
May this reference to 9.3.8.2 and 9.3.8.3 be a typo that
costs.
requires a correction to 9.3.9.2 and
9.3.9.3 in the next review and revision cycle of the
Standard or is the current reference to
9.3.8.2 and 9.3.8.3 correct as written or is this a matter
that is already under your consideration?

API Standard 1104 - Welding of Pipeline and Related Facilities

19th
1104-September Par.
19995.1
1104-I-1015-02
API 1104, Paragraph 5.1 includes the following
To be qualified in accordance with API 1104 the welding procedure
statement:
must be qualified before the start of production welding. See Par.
"BEFORE production welding is started, a detailed
5.1. Please be advised however that 49 CFR Parts 192 and 195 do
procedure specification shall be established and
not require weld procedures to be qualified in accordance with API
QUALIFIED to demonstrate that welds with suitable
Std. 1104.
mechanical properties (such as strength, ductility and
hardness) and soundness can be made by the
procedure."
1104 18th - May 2.4.2.2
1104-I-1022-02
Since base materials are separated into 3 yield strength Yes, it is permitted to weld materials from separate groups together
In our case,can
since
we areaverifying
to 42,000)
the
1994
categories
category
(equal toadherence
or less than
provided the welding procedure for the higher group is used. See
requirements
of(greater
DOT & API
after
fabrication,
and
category b
than1104
42,000
but
less than the
the last sentence of Paragraph 2.3.2.2.
procedures
can't qualified
welding. qualified
However,
65,000)
be welded
togetherBEFORE
with a procedure
we X46
have(46,000)
had these
same procedures qualified to API
on
pipe?
Does
thean
final
Proceduretesting
Specification
haveOur
to state
Your question relates to what needs to be recorded on the
19th
1104-September 1999
5.11104-I-1104-02
1104 by
independent
laboratory.
only the values
recorded
during
qualification
test
Procedure Specification Form i.e. Figure 1. You do not need to
question
is whether
you feel
thatthe
in this
instance
we've
Specifically
operator
is welding
together
and
such
as intent
volt,this
amp
and
travel
ranges
or X46
can
the
record the actual values as Par. 5.3.2.6 and 5.3.2.16 only requires
met
the
of pipe
API
1104
by speed
performing
these
weld
grade
B welding
(35,000)
and their
procedure
was weld
qualified
Can
the
procedure
include
a different
rod that
19th
1104-September 1999
5.11104-I-1104-02
Yes, you
because
electrode
size However
is not an we
essential
variable.
company
use
the
welding
rod
vendor's
recommended
record
the ranges.
point out
that the actual
procedure
qualifications after welding?
on
X46.
size
foreven
a specific
even though
thatnot
rod size was values of voltage and amperage should be recorded on Figure 2
range
thoughpass
the entire
range was
not
used for the
procedure
test? Again, one would use Sample Coupon Test Report. The same is true regarding travel
experienced
during
the test?
the manufacturer's specified volt and amp range. For
speed.
example,
thisProcedure
inclusion could
allow a welder
use been
a
Welding
Specifications
whichto
have
19th
1104-September 1999
5.4.2.6 1104-I- Can
Yes.
rod for aand
root
pass instead
of the 3/32"
0102-03 1/8"
established
Qualified
in accordance
withrod
APIused in
the procedure
because
the test
was done
Standard
1104 test
specifying
SMAW
electrodes
Ofwith
the a 6"
19th
1104-September 1999
App. A 1104-I- In
Appendix
A, Paragraph
is stated
that
"Welds
pipe
evenclassification
though
the qualified
range
extends
up
to 12"
E7010-G
alsoA.1,
be itconsidered
qualified
with The standard does not specify a limit for stress or axial strain for
0120-03 subjected
to applied
strain of classification?
more than 0.5% are welds inspected to the workmanship acceptance criteria given in
diameter.
SMAW
Electrodes
of axial
the E7010-P1
not
covered
this appendix."
Is there a maximum
Section 9. It is up to the company to decide whether such criteria
Likewise,
forby
E8010-G
and E8010-P1?
applied axial strain or stress limit when not using
are appropriate for the specific design strain involved.
Appendix A, i.e. workmanship criteria? If yes, can you
cite the paragraph with this maximum limit?
My first question is Paragraph 6.2.1 does not state a
19th
1104-September
Par. 6.2.1
1999 1104-I-0212-03
& 6.2.2
particular pipe diameter or wall thickness for a single
qualification test, so if a welder qualification test on a
12.750 in. pipe diameter and a 0.322 in. wall thickness,
in the fixed position at the 45 degree angle, what pipe
diameters and wall thickness range is this test good
for? My assumption is that in Paragraph 6.3.2 the
19th
1104-September
Par. 6.2.1
1999 1104-I-0212-03
& 6.2.2
My
second
questiontest
is about
6.2.2,
Part f,
welder
qualification
on a Paragraph
12.750 in pipe
diameter
which
states
a welder
test
inwall
the fixed
45
qualifies
the welder
forqualification
all diameters
and
thickness
position,
qualifies
a welder
for butt
welds and on
lapafillet
ranges, can
I assume
the welder
qualification
welds
positions,
is 0.322
this correct?
12.750in
in.all
pipe
diameter
in. wall thickness, in the
fixed 45 position, for the single welder qualification,
would qualify that welder for all pipe diameters, wall
thickness ranges, and all positions?

For single qualification, 6.2.1 and 6.2.2 apply. For your example,
under single qualification, the welder would be qualified to do butt
welds and lap fillet welds in all positions for the outside diameter
group from 2.375 in. through 12.750 in. and the wall thickness group
from 0.188 in. through 0.750 in., subject to the other essential
variables in 6.2.2. You made an incorrect assumption because 6.3.2
only pertains to multiple qualifications, and is based upon the
Correct.
A welder qualifying
under
6.2.1
(single
with
welder successfully
completing
both
of the
testsqualification),
(a butt weld test
the
in theconnection
fixed 45 position
would
be qualified
to do butt welds
andpipe
a branch
weld test)
specified
in 6.3.1.
and lap fillet welds in all positions, subject to the other essential
variables in 6.2.2. (The bottom two sketches in Figure 10 provide
examples of lap fillet welds.)