TIAC Standards 2005 e PDF
TIAC Standards 2005 e PDF
TIAC Standards 2005 e PDF
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
PAGE
SECTION 1:
INTRODUCTION
SECTION 2:
MP-0
SECTION 3:
SYSTEMS DESIGN
SD-0
SECTION 4:
PRODUCTS
SECTION 5:
COMMERCIAL PIPING
CP-0
SECTION 6 :
CD-0
SECTION 7 :
COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT
CE-0
SECTION 8:
SECTION 9:
SECTION 10:
INDUSTRIAL PIPING
IP-0
SECTION 11 :
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
IE-0
SECTION 12:
DF-0
SECTION 12:
DF-8
SECTION 13 :
INSTALLATION DETAILS
SECTION 14:
GD-1
SECTION 15:
MASTER SPECIFICATIONS
MS-1
P-0
FS-0
ID-0
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Revision: 2005-06-15
I-1
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
SECTION 2:
2.1
DEFINITION OF INSULATION
2.2
2.3
PROPERTIES OF INSULATION
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
ACCESSORIES
2.8
2.9
12
MP-0
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
2.1 DEFINITION OF INSULATION
Insulations are defined as those materials or combinations of materials which retard the
flow of heat energy by performing one or more of the following functions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
The temperature range within which the term "thermal insulation" will apply, is from -75C
to 815C. All applications below -75C are termed "cryogenic", and those above 815C
are termed "refractory".
Thermal insulation is further divided into three general application temperature ranges as
follows:
A.
B.
MP-1
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
2.2.1 TYPES
1. Fibrous Insulation - composed of small diameter fibers which finely divide the air
space. The fibers may be perpendicular or parallel to the surface being insulated,
and they may or may not be bonded together. Silica, rock wool, slag wool and
alumina silica fibers are used. The most widely used insulations of this type are glass
fiber and mineral wool. Glass fiber and mineral wool products usually have their
fibers bonded together with organic binders that supply the limited structural integrity
of the products.
2. Cellular Insulation - composed of small individual cells separated from each other.
The cellular material may be glass or foamed plastic such as polystyrene (closed
cell), polyurethane and elastomeric.
3. Granular Insulation - composed of small nodules which may contain voids or hollow
spaces. It is not considered a true cellular material since gas can be transferred
between the individual spaces. This type may be produced as a loose or pourable
material, or combined with a binder and fibers or undergo a chemical reaction to
make a rigid insulation. Examples of these insulations are calcium silicate, expanded
vermiculite, perlite, cellulose, diatomaceous earth and expanded polystyrene.
2.2.2 FORMS
Insulations are produced in a variety of forms suitable for specific functions and
applications. The combined form and type of insulation determine its proper method of
installation. The forms most widely used are:
1. Rigid boards, blocks, sheets, and pre-formed shapes such as pipe insulation, curved
segments, lagging etc. Cellular, granular, and fibrous insulations are produced in
these forms.
2. Flexible sheets and pre-formed shapes. Cellular and fibrous insulations are produced
in these forms.
3. Flexible blankets. Fibrous insulations are produced in flexible blankets.
4. Cements (insulating and finishing). Produced from fibrous and granular insulations
and cement, they may be of the hydraulic setting or air drying type.
5. Foams. Poured or froth foam used to fill irregular areas and voids. Spray used for flat
surfaces.
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
this section. In some applications, however, omitted properties may assume extreme
importance (i.e. when insulations must be compatible with chemically corrosive
atmospheres.)
If the property is significant for an application and the measure of that property cannot be
found in manufacturers' literature, effort should be made to obtain the information directly
from the manufacturer, testing laboratory or insulation contractors association.
The following properties are referenced only according to their significance in meeting
design criteria of specific applications. More detailed definitions of the properties
themselves can be found in the Glossary.
1.
Thermal properties are the primary consideration in choosing insulations. Refer to the
following Glossary for definitions.
a. Temperature limits: Upper and lower temperatures within which the material must
retain all its properties.
b. Thermal conductance "C": The time rate of steady state heat flow through a unit
area of a material or construction induced by a unit temperature difference between
the body surfaces.
c.
Thermal conductivity "K": The time rate of steady state heat flow through a unit
area of a homogeneous material induced by a unit temperature gradient in a direction
perpendicular to that unit area.
d. Emissivity "E": Significant when the surface temperature of the insulation must be
regulated as with moisture condensation or personnel protection.
e. Thermal resistance "R": The overall resistance of an "assembly" or "material" to the
flow of heat.
f.
2.
Properties other than thermal must be considered when choosing materials for specific
applications. Among them are:
a. Alkalinity (pH) or acidity: Significant when moisture is present. Also insulation must
not contribute to corrosion of the system. See Section 3.
b. Appearance: Important in exposed areas and for coding purposes.
c.
Breaking load: In some installations the insulation material must "bridge" over a
discontinuity in its support. This factor is however most significant as a measure of
resistance to abuse during handling.
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
f.
g. Coefficient of expansion and contraction: Enters into the design and spacing of
expansion/contraction joints and/or use of multiple layer insulation applications.
h. Combustibility: One of the measures of a material's contribution to a fire hazard.
i.
j.
Density: A material's density may affect other properties of that material, such as
compressive strength. The weight of the insulated system must be known in order to
design the proper support.
k.
l.
Fire retardancy: Flame spread and smoke developed ratings are of vital importance;
referred to as "surface burning characteristics".
1.
CALCIUM SILICATE
Calcium Silicate is a granular insulation made of lime and silica, reinforced with
organic and inorganic fibers and molded into rigid forms. Service temperature range
covered is 35C to 815C. Flexural and compressive strength is good. Calcium
silicate is water absorbent. However, it can be dried out without deterioration. The
material is non-combustible and used primarily on hot piping and surfaces. Jacketing
is field applied.
2.
MINERAL FIBER
MP-4
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
a. Glass: Available as flexible blanket, rigid board, pipe covering and other pre-molded
shapes. Service temperature range is -40C to 232C. Fibrous glass is neutral;
however, the binder may have a pH factor. The product is non-combustible and has
good sound absorption qualities.
b. Rock and Slag: Rock and slag fibers are bonded together with a heat resistant
binder to produce mineral fiber or wool. Upper temperature limit can reach 1035C.
The same organic binder used in the production of glass fiber products is also used
in the production of most mineral fiber products. Mineral fiber products are noncombustible and have excellent fire properties.
3.
CELLULAR
Available in board and block form capable of being fabricated into pipe covering and
various shapes. Service temperature range is -260C to 200C and to 650C in
composite systems. Good structural strength, poor impact resistance. Material is
non-combustible, non-absorptive and resistant to many chemicals.
4.
5.
ELASTOMERIC FOAM
Foamed resins combined with elastomers produce a flexible cellular material.
Available in pre-formed shapes and sheets, elastomeric insulations possess good
cutting characteristics and low water and vapour permeability. The upper temperature
limit is at 105C. Elastomeric insulation is cost efficient for low temperature
applications with no jacketing necessary. Resiliency is high. Consideration should be
made for fire retardancy of the material.
6.
FOAMED PLASTIC
Insulations produced from foaming plastic resins create predominately closed cellular
rigid materials. "K" values decline after initial use as the gas trapped within the
cellular structure is eventually replaced by air. Check manufacturers' data. Foamed
plastics are light weight with excellent cutting characteristics. The chemical content
varies with each manufacturer. Available in pre-formed shapes and boards, foamed
plastics are generally used in the lower intermediate temperature range.
Consideration should be made for fire retardancy of the material.
7.
REFRACTORY FIBER
Refractory Fiber insulations are mineral or ceramic fibers, including alumina and
silica, bonded with extremely high temperature inorganic binders, or a mechanical
interlocking of fibers eliminates the need for any binder. The material is manufactured
in blanket or rigid form. Thermal shock resistance is high. Temperature limits reach
1750C. The material is non-combustible.
MP-5
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
The use and design of refractory range materials is an engineering art in its
own right and is not treated fully in this manual, although some refractory
products can be installed using application methods illustrated here.
8.
PHENOLIC FOAM
Rigid closed cell foamed insulation manufactured from phenolic resin.
9.
INSULATING CEMENT
Insulating and finishing cements are a mixture of various insulating fibers and binders with
water and cement, to form a soft plastic mass for application on irregular surfaces.
Insulation values are moderate. Cements may be applied to high temperature surfaces.
Finishing cements or one-coat cements are used in the lower intermediate range and as a
finish to other insulation applications. Check each manufacturer for shrinkage and adhesion
properties.
1.
WEATHER RETARDERS
The basic function of the weather-barrier is to prevent the entry of water, ice, snow or
atmospheric residue into the insulation. Sunlight and ozone can also damage certain
insulations. Applications may be either jacketing of metal or plastic, or a coating of weatherbarrier mastic. Jacketing must be over-lapped sufficiently to shed water. Avoid the use of
plastic jacketing materials with low resistance to ultraviolet rays unless protective measures
are taken.
2.
VAPOUR RETARDERS
Vapour retarders are designed to retard (slow down) the passage of moisture vapour from
one side of its surface to the other. Joints and overlaps must be sealed with a vapour tight
adhesive or sealer free of pin holes or cracks. Vapour retarders take three forms:
a. Rigid jacketing - plastic fabricated jackets to the exact dimensions required and
sealed vapour tight.
b. Membrane jacketing - laminated foils and treated or coated products which are field
or factory applied to the insulation material. (Additional sealing beyond the factory
seal may be necessary depending on temperature/humidity conditions of the
installation.)
c.
3.
Mastic applications - solvent types which provide a seamless coating but require
time to dry.
Rigid jacketing provides the strongest protection against mechanical abuse from personnel,
MP-6
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
equipment, machinery, etc. The compressive strength of the insulation material should also
be considered when designing for mechanical protection.
4.
a. Corrosion protection - can be applied to the insulation by the use of various jacket
materials. The corrosive atmosphere must be determined and a compatible material
selected. Mastics may be used in atmospheres that are damaging to jacket materials.
(see Section 3).
b. Fire resistance - can be applied to insulation systems by the use of jacketing and/or
mastics. Fire resistant materials are determined by flame spread and smoke
generated. The total systems should be considered when designing for fire
resistance. (see Section 3).
5.
Various coatings, finishing cements, fitting covers and jackets are chosen primarily for their
appearance value in exposed areas.
6.
HYGIENIC COVERINGS
Coatings and jackets must present a smooth surface which resists fungal or bacterial
growth in all areas. High temperature steam or high pressure water wash down conditions
require jackets with high mechanical strength and temperature ranges. (see Section 3).
1.
Chemical Compatibility
The chemical make-up of coverings must be compatible with the insulation material
over which they are applied, as well as resistant to elements in the environment such
as industrial chemicals, salt, air and ultraviolet or infrared light.
2.
3.
4.
Vapour Permeability
Permeability should be considered for below ambient or dual temperature systems.
The covering should prevent the passage of moisture vapour into or through the
insulation.
MP-7
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
5.
Fire Retardancy
Flame spread and smoke developed ratings are of vital importance.
2.7 ACCESSORIES
The term "accessories" is applied to devices or materials serving one or more of the
following functions:
1.
2.
3.
Stiffening around structures which may not support the weight of high density
insulations
4.
5.
6.
Water flashing
7.
Clips
d. Wire or straps
e. Self-adhering laps
f.
Tape*
g. Adhesives*
h. Mastics*
*Ambient temperature, humidity conditions and substrate surface cleanliness affects the
efficiency of tapes and adhesives and mastics on certain installations. Check the properties
of temperature range and vapour permeability before choosing adhesives. And, wherever
possible, use mechanical securements.
Reinforcement for cements and mastics: Mastics and cements should be reinforced to
provide mechanical strength. The following materials can be used:
MP-8
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
a. Fiber fabrics
b. Expanded metal lath
c.
Metal meshes
d. Wire netting
Compatibility of materials must be considered to prevent corrosion.
Flashing: Materials which direct the flow of liquids away from the insulation may be
constructed of metal, plastic or mastic.
Stiffening: Metal lath and wire netting can be applied on high temperature surfaces before
heavy density insulation is applied.
Supports: Pipe supports and accessories may be supplied in part or totally by the insulation
contractor. Insulation treatment at points of support are illustrated on Details. Accessories
at points of support are:
a. Heavy density insulation inserts
b. Pipe support saddles and shoes
c.
MP-9
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
The major design problems on low temperature installations are moisture penetration and
operating efficiency. Ideally, for applications below 0C, the insulation material should
absorb no moisture.
Vapour retarders are extensively used, but in practice it is difficult to achieve the perfect
retarder in extreme applications. The pressure of the vapour flow from the warm outside
surface to the cooler inside surface is such that, even with waterproof insulation, vapour
may diffuse through the material, enter through unsealed joints or cracks, and condense,
then freeze and cause damage.
Since the cost of refrigeration is higher than the cost of heating, more insulation is often
justified in low temperature applications. Extra thicknesses of insulation, even beyond what
would be economically dictated for cold line applications, are sometimes employed to keep
the warm surface temperature above the dewpoint.
The low temperature range is further divided into application classifications.
1. Refrigeration (0C through -75C)
Water vapour which passes through the vapour-retarder will not only condense, but
will freeze. Built up frost and ice will destroy the insulation system.
2. Cold and chilled water (15C through 0C)
Unless properly insulated, water vapour will condense on the metal causing corrosion
and failure of the insulation assembly. The permeance of the vapour retarder should
be no higher than 0.02 Perms.
The insulations generally used in this temperature range are:
a. Cellular Glass
b. Elastomeric Foamed Plastic
c.
Glass Fiber
d. Mineral Fiber
e. Phenolic (foamed)
f.
Polyethylene
g. Polyisocyanurate
h. Polyurethane
i.
Polystyrene
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
Mineral Fiber
g. Phenolic*
h. Polystyrene*
i.
Polyurethane*
Cements
d. Ceramic Fibers
e. Glass Fibers*
f.
Mineral Fiber*
g. Perlite*
See Insulation Materials Table 1.C.
*The maximum temperature (815C) exceeds these materials recommended service
maximum temperature.
MP-11
SECTION 2
INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
MP-12
-268C to 427C
-450F to 800F
to 455C (850F)
to 538C (1000F)
to 538C (1000F)
-40C to 104C
-40F to 220F
-54C to 74C
-65F to 165F
-40C to 80C
-40F to 175F
Pipe Covering
Block
Pipe Covering
Board
Blanket
Pipe Tubes
Sheet
Roll
Pipe Covering
Board
Pipe Covering
Board
Pipe Covering
Sheet
Pipe Covering
Sheet
Roll
Pipe Covering
Sheet
GLASS CELLULAR
GLASS FIBER
ELASTOMERIC FOAM
POLYSTYRENE
(Extruded)
POLYSTYRENE
(Expanded)
POLYURETHANE
POLYETHYLENE
POLYISOCYANURATE
.025 (.18) @
.036 (.25) @
.025 (.18) @
.036 (.25) @
.035 (.24) @
.038 (.27) @
.035 (.24) @
.032 (.22) @
.030 (.21) @
.048 (.33) @
K-Factor*
Metric /
(Imperial)
-40C to 107C
-40F to 225F
-70C to 100C
-94F to 212F
-40C to 107C
-40F to 225F
Temp. Range
Form
TYPE
4 (40)
10 (50)
4 (40)
4 (40)
4 (40)
10 (50)
4 (40)
4 (40)
4 (40)
4 (40)
Mean
Temp.
C (F)
Notes
Form
Pipe Covering
Block
Segments
Type I
Pipe Covering
Block
Segments
Pipe Covering
Board
Blanket
Pipe Covering
Block
Board
Blanket
Pipe Covering
Board
Pipe Covering-I
Sheet-II
Roll
TYPE
CALCIUM SILICATE
GLASS CELLULAR
GLASS FIBER
GLASS FIBER
MINERAL FIBER
PERLITE (Expanded)
ELASTOMERIC FOAM
-40C to 105C
-40F to 220F
to 649C (1200F)
to 649C (1200F)
to 1035 C (1895F)
to 649C (1200F)
to 649C (1200F)
to 538C (1000F)
to 455C (850F)
to 538C (1000F)
to 427C (800F)
to 649C (1200F)
Temp. Range
.043 (.30) @
.063 (.79) @
.037 (.26) @
.037 (.26) @
.037 (.26) @
.048 (.33) @
.033 (.23) @
.037 (.26) @
.033 (.23) @
.050 (.35) @
.063 (.44) @
.065 (.45) @
K-Factor*
Metric/
(Imperial)
24 (75)
93 (200)
24 (75)
24 (75)
24 (75)
24 (75)
24 (75)
24 (75)
24 (75)
24 (75)
93 (200)
93 (200)
Mean
Temp.
C (F)
Notes
Pipe Covering
Board
Pipe Covering
Board
Pipe Covering
Board
Pipe Covering
Pipe Covering
Board
POLYSTYRENE
(Extruded)
POLYSTYRENE
(Expanded)
POLYURETHANE
POLYETHYLENE
POLYISOCYANURATE
-40C to 105C
-40F to 225F
-70C to 100C
-94F to 212F
-40C to 105C
-40F to 225F
-40C to 80C
-40F to 175F
-54C to 74C
-65F to 165F
Temp. Range
Form
TYPE
027 (.19) @
.037 (.26) @
.027 (.19) @
.039 (.27) @
.037 (.26) @
K-Factor*
Metric/
(Imperial)
24 (75)
24 (75)
24 (75)
24 (75)
24 (75)
Mean
Temp.
C (F)
Lightweight, excellent
workability,combustible although some
are treated for fire retardancy (check
manufacturers' data sheet for
properties). High flame
spread/smoke.Check manufacturers'
data shee ts for values. K value may
change as these materials age.
Notes
to 649C (1200F)
to 1260C (2300F
to 1260C (2300F))
Pipe
Covering
Board
Block
Blanket
Pipe
Covering
Block
Blanket
Board
MINERAL FIBER
PERLITE (Expanded)
CERAMIC FIBER
CEMENTS
Type I
Type II
Type III
to 649C (1200F)
to 1035C (1895F)
to 649C (1200F)
to 649C (1200F)
Pipe
Covering
Board
Blanket
GLASS FIBER
(Refractory Fiber)
to 455C (850F)
to 538C (1000F)
to 538C (1000F)
Pipe
Covering
Block
Segments
GLASS CELLULAR
HIGH TEMP
38-649C(100-1200F)
38-870C(100-1600F)
38-980C(100-1800F)
to 427C (800F)
to 649C (1200F)
to 871C (1600F)
Pipe
Covering
Block
Segments
Type I
Type II
CALCIUM SILICATE
Temp. Range
Form
TYPE
.180 (1.05) @
.160 (1.12) @
.150 (1.26) @
.086 (. 60) @
.080 (.56) @
.106 (.74) @
.072 (.50) @
.092 (.64) @
.101 (.70) @
.101 (.70) @
.083 (.58) @
.086 (.60) @
.086 (.60) @
.103 (.72) @
.087 (.60) @
.101 (.70) @
K-Factor*
Metric/
(Imperial)
250 (482)
250 (482)
250 (482)
260 (500)
260 (500)
260 (500)
260 (500)
260 (500)
260 (500)
260(500)
260 (500)
260 (500)
260 (500)
260 (500)
260 (500)
260 (500)
Mean
Temp.
C (F)
Notes
5. Acrylic
Notes
*Covering shall not be termed a weather barrier unless its joints and overlaps are adequate to prevent the entry of rainwater (See Section 2.5).
4. Polyvinyl acetate
7. Roofing felt
3. Resin emulsion
Mechanical fasteners,
adhesive, or matching tape
2. Asphalt cut-back
1. Asphalt emulsion
JACKETS
MASTICS:
Fasteners
Composition
The following items are classified for use as weather barriers and/or vapour retarders. They also serve the other purposes listed for
protective coverings (i.e. mechanical abuse, corrosion, appearance, and hygienic), but each must be considered on its own merits for these
aspects.
Type
PLEASE NOTE:
3. Elastomeric Polymer
NOTE: A perm rating of 0.05 is recommended on mechanical insulation coverings to be considered a vapour retarder.
*Covering shall not be termed a vapour retarder unless joints are sealed to prevent the entry of vapour.
5. Film Laminate
1. Asphalt cut-back
2. Metal Jacketing
MASTICS:
1. Foil-Scrim Laminate
JACKETS:
Notes
Composition
Type
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
GENERAL
3.2
COMMERCIAL INSTALLATIONS
3.3
3.4
INDUSTRIAL INSTALLATIONS
3.5
SD-0
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
SECTION 3
INSULATION SYSTEMS DESIGN
3.1 GENERAL
An insulation system is the combination of insulations, finishes and application methods
which are used to achieve specific design objectives. Among these are:
1. Energy Savings
2. Reduced Operating Costs
3. Condensation Control
4. Chemical compatibility with the metals being insulated, the atmosphere to which the
system will be exposed, and the various components of the insulation system itself.
5. Protection of mechanical and insulation systems from mechanical abuse and
atmospheric damage.
6. Personnel protection
7. Fire safety
8. Sound control
9. Future requirements for access to piping, fittings, etc.
10. Accommodation to limited clearances or work space
11. Reduce emissions of pollutants to the environment
While there are several choices of insulation materials which meet basic thermal and cost
effective requirements of an installation, choices become more limited with each additional
design objective that comes into play.
In some cases the choice of outer coverings, accessories and installation methods is more
affected by design objectives than the actual insulation material used. For instance, glass
fiber pipe insulation is available with a variety of factory-applied jackets designed to resist
different types of mechanically and chemically abusive atmospheres.
The choices are endless and require a working knowledge of insulation material properties
as well as a firm grasp of the basic function of each insulation treatment, and the design
conditions under which it must operate. Section 3 is presented as a guide to the general
design objectives of both commercial and industrial installations.
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
3.2.1
DESIGN OBJECTIVES
The insulation system designer must be aware of the objectives of the installation and the
amount and type of equipment planned to achieve these objectives. In some cases, as with
steam heating, proper insulation planning can reduce the required capacity of the
generating system. In the case of fruit and vegetable or refrigerated meat storage,
temperature maintenance and condensation control objectives will supersede economic
thickness design. Appearance and hygiene factors can also affect the choice of finishes in
exposed areas and/or areas where food is being prepared or stored.
Condensation control on ducts, chillers, roof drains and cold piping is a basic function of
insulation in commercial buildings. Design objectives here are to choose materials and
application methods which will achieve the best vapour retarder seal possible, and to
calculate the thickness of insulation necessary to prevent condensation.
Insulation chosen for personnel protection and/or fire protection must be able to withstand
high temperatures without contributing to a possible fire hazard. Engine exhausts which
can reach temperatures of 455C to 675C should be insulated sufficiently to reduce
surface temperatures exposed to personnel or flammable materials to under 60C. Kitchen
exhaust ducts which are subjected to flammable grease accumulation fall within the same
design criteria.
3.2.2
MATERIALS
SD-2
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
3.2.3
SPECIFICATIONS
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
All materials, thicknesses, finishes, securements and design objectives should be carefully
communicated to the insulation contractor.
A.
[ ] 1.
[ ] 2.
[ ] 3.
B.
Ductwork
[ ] a.
[ ] b.
[ ] c.
Return Air
[ ] d.
Mixed Air
[ ] e.
[ ] f.
[ ] g.
[ ] h.
Piping/Fittings/Valves, Etc.
[ ] a.
[ ] b.
Refrigeration Suction
[ ] c.
[ ] d.
Cooling Tower
[ ] e.
Equipment
[ ] a.
Chillers
[ ] b.
Converters/Heat Exchangers
[ ] c.
Pumps (chilled/hot)
[ ] d.
Expansion Tanks
[ ] e.
Air Eliminators
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
[ ] 1.
[ ] 2.
C.
Piping/Fittings/Valves, Etc.
[ ] a.
[ ] b.
[ ] c.
[ ] d.
[ ] e.
Equipment
[ ] a.
Boilers
[ ] b.
Generators
[ ] c.
Converters
[ ] d.
Pumps
[ ] e.
Breechings/Flues
[ ] f.
Flash Tanks
[ ] g.
[ ] 1.
Piping/Fittings/Valves, Etc.
[ ] a.
Cold Water
[ ] b.
Hot Water
[ ] c.
[ ] d.
Soft Water
[ ] e.
Soil, Waste, Vent and/or Drain Lines (condensations, sound control and
fire protection).
[ ] 2.
Equipment
[ ] a.
[ ] b.
[ ] c.
Water Softeners
[ ] d.
[ ] e.
SD-5
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
D.
OTHER
[ ] 1.
[ ] 2.
[ ] 3.
[ ] 4.
[ ] 5.
NOTE: If any of the above items are factory insulated, it should be so noted in the
insulation specification.
SD-6
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
The possibility of spillage, leaks and accidental contamination of process chemicals and
products is always present in industrial installations. Insulations should be chosen which do
not react to the chemicals contained in the vessels or piping to which they are applied.
Such a reaction may lower the ignition temperature of the process chemical or insulation
material, contributing to fire hazard conditions.
Special care should be taken to use non-absorbent insulations in the presence of
combustible or toxic liquid. Spontaneous combustion of a combustible liquid absorbed over
the large surface area of insulation may occur as it oxidizes. Absorbent insulation may
contribute significantly to an accidental fire by storing up the spilled or leaked combustible
materials.
Stainless steel is the most appropriate of the metal jacketing materials, having high
resistance to corrosives and bacterial growth as well as high mechanical strength. High
cost of stainless steel usually limits its use to fire protection and corrosive environments.
Aluminum may erode in wash down areas or where strong cleaning chemicals are used.
The use of weather and vapour retarder coatings, reinforced with glass cloth or mesh,
provides a mechanically strong and sanitary finish for equipment and other irregular
surfaces. Many are also resistant to chemicals.
3.5.2
In addition to the reduction of energy usage, industrial insulation systems must maintain
controlled temperatures required for process materials being transported from one point in
a facility to another.
Temperature control may be continuous, intermittent, cyclic or rapidly changed due to
weather conditions or the necessity of steam cleaning and wash down periods.
An insulation of high thermal diffusivity, low specific heat and low density is desirable in
installations which require rapid heat-up or cool-off of insulated surfaces. A process
changing from hot to cold every few minutes requires an insulation that has the ability to
change temperature quickly and has very low mass to retain heat.
The temperature of an insulation's outer surface must be considered where insulation is
used for personnel protection or to protect the jacket or mastics or where excessive surface
temperatures might cause ignition of fumes or gases. On low temperature installations,
surface temperatures must be above dew point to prevent condensation and drip. The
emissivity property of insulation finishes is significant in these cases. High emissivity is
recommended on finishes used for personnel protection treatments.
On installations where temperatures must be maintained at specific levels, it must be
decided in the design phase whether added insulation thickness or heat tracing or both
would provide the most efficient service. This decision is based on data other than the
conventional economic thickness considerations.
Extreme temperature surfaces in industrial process and power facilities may require the use
of materials and application methods which can absorb expansion, contraction and
vibration movement. Stainless steel banding or expansion bands are recommended for
applications with extreme expansion movement or on large diameter surfaces. Because
SD-7
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
most high temperature insulations shrink while the metal surface expands, methods such
as double layer - staggered joint construction, the design and placement of cushioned
expansion joints and/or the use of high rib lath between insulation and metal surfaces may
be employed to protect the insulation seal.
Awareness of the nature of the process, its components, the relative temperatures of piping
and equipment and the general location of such equipment and substances, aids the
specifier in determining areas where excess heat or chemicals may create fire hazards or
personnel hazards.
3.5.3
A selected insulation should not be chemically reactive to the metal over which it is applied.
Basically, insulation installed on steel should be neutral or slightly alkaline. That installed
on aluminum should be neutral or slightly acidic.
External stress corrosion, cracking of austenitic stainless steel may result from the
presence of chloride ions on its surface. Insulation containing chlorides or located in a saltladen or chloride contaminated atmosphere must not be in direct contact with unprotected
stainless steel surfaces.
In the case of stainless steel jacketing, factory-applied moisture retarders on the inner
surface may be sufficient protection. Virtually all stress corrosion cracking is caused by
chlorides introduced from the atmosphere or from chemical fumes and not from the
insulations themselves.
3.5.4
OPERATING DATA
The location of instruments and maintenance areas where personnel will be present is
significant when specifying treatments for personnel protection and materials abuse
protection from foot traffic, excessive handling and operational machinery. Rigid insulation
materials and jacketing are recommended in these areas. High pressure wash down areas
require resistance to water and detergents as well as high mechanical strength.
3.5.5
Leaks are most likely to occur at valves, fittings and flanges. Low temperature insulation
can be protected from leaks by sealing off adjacent insulation with vapour-retarder mastics.
Removable fitting covers may be specified at predictable maintenance areas, while special
leak detection mechanisms may be installed at other locations. However, on hot
applications a rigid inspection and replacement program is the best prevention of large
scale insulation destruction due to leakage.
Turbines, which require easy access for inspection and maintenance, can be insulated with
removable insulation blankets fabricated from stainless steel mesh or high temperature
fabric filled with fibrous insulation. These are attached to turbine surfaces by means of
metal eyelets built into the blankets around the edges.
The floor level of large tanks can be protected from spilled chemical or water from wash
downs by using a nonabsorbent insulation along the bottom skirt or support, or by sealing
with caulking.
3.5.6
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
The atmosphere surrounding industrial piping and equipment presents additional problems
SD-8
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
in the selection of finishes and jacketing. Of particular concern is the presence of chemicals
or humidity which act to corrode metal finishes.
Because of its excellent weather-barrier and mechanical properties, metal jacketing is
widely used on industrial installations. The metals most resistant to corrosive chemicals
and humidity are stainless steel and coated electro-galvanized steel. Coated aluminum can
be used to combat specific conditions by selection of the exact coating required. However,
the coatings are not always abrasive resistant, leaving the aluminum open to attack at
fastener openings, cuts, etc.
Aluminum is weather resistant but does not always hold up in a wash down area or where
strong cleaning chemicals are used. Factory-applied moisture-retarders are recommended
on aluminum jacketing to prevent galvanic corrosion.
The coverings considered most resistant to corrosives and abrasive chemicals are the
plastic types.
Unless protected, some PVC type coverings may break down when subjected to the effects
of ozone, infra-red and ultra-violet rays. Protective paints are available for PVC coverings
not manufactured for outdoor use. Weather barrier coatings offer good protection from
weather as well as from the chemical attack of acids, alkali, solvents and salts, either airborne or as a result of intermittent spillage. Glass cloth and other fabric membranes are
generally used as reinforcements and add mechanical strength to the installation.
Maximum protection from chemical attack on cold and dual temperature service is achieved
through the use of vapour retarder coatings. They, too, are applied with reinforcing fabric.
Stainless steel jackets and bands are recommended in areas which require superior fire
resistance.
Stainless steel is recommended over the use of aluminum due to the latter's lower melting
point.
Some weather and vapour retarder mastics also add fire retardant properties to an
insulation system.
3.5.7
CLEARANCES
Because of the complexity of process piping and the added thickness required to control
heat loss or gain, clearances often become so minimal that it can be necessary to insulate
piping together in groups. This is also true in marine work.
3.5.8
Precise industrial installation schedules and good application practice often dictate that
insulation be finished as soon as possible after roughing-in. The materials chosen must
have the necessary strength to resist any excessive amount of handling and moving at the
installations site. Materials which are moisture absorbent must also be protected from water
while being stored at the site. Storage areas should be clearly indicated for the insulation
contractor in project specifications, and should be noted as covered or open.
3.5.9
SPECIFICATIONS
Contract drawings should indicate the extent and general arrangements of the yard and the
process piping to receive insulation treatment. The size of piping and equipment, line
SD-9
SECTION 3
SYSTEMS DESIGN
origination and termination, elevations, support locations, and orientation of nozzles, fittings
and valves should also be indicated and properly dimensioned.
SD-10
SECTION 4
PRODUCTS
SECTION 4: PRODUCTS
4.1
PRODUCTS
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
FINISH JACKETS
F.
ACCESSORIES
P-0
SECTION 4
PRODUCTS
SECTION 4
PRODUCTS
4.1 PRODUCTS
The following listed manufacturers products have been accepted by TIAC as suitable for
application based on technical data available from the various manufacturers. The
terminology used in this products listing is consistent with that used within the Application
and Finishes parts of these standards. The following manufacturer lists contain acceptable
materials in regular supply in most areas (see Provincial addenda). Unless specifically
noted otherwise in the project specifications, the Contractor has the option of which one of
the listed manufacturers products to use on a project for the various applications and
finishes specified. The specifier should verify these specifications before using.
A.
1. Mineral Fiber for Low and Medium Temperature (with or without integral jacket)
- Knauf Insulation
- Manson Insulation Inc.
- Owens Corning Canada Inc.
- Fibrex Insulations Inc..
- Roxul Inc.
- Johns Manville
- Industrial Insulation Group IIG-LLC
2. Calcium Silicate for High Temperature
- Industrial Insulation Group IIG-LLC
3. Mineral Fiber for High Temperature
- Fibrex Insulations Inc.
- Roxul Inc.
- Industrial Insulation Group IIG-LLC
4. Perlite for High Temperature
- Industrial Insulation Group IIG-LLC
- Temperlite
- Howred Corp.
P-1
SECTION 4
PRODUCTS
5. Cellular Glass
- Pittsburgh Corning Corp.
- Cell-U-Foam Corporation
6. Flexible Foam Elastomeric
- Armstrong World Industries
- Halstead Corp.
7. Closed Cell Polyisocyanurate
- Dow Chemical Canada Inc.
8. Phenolic
- Belform Insulation Ltd.
B.
C.
1. Rigid Mineral Fiber Board for Low and Medium Temperature (with or without vapour
retarder)
- Knauf Insulation
- Manson Insulation Inc.
- Ottawa Fibre Inc.
- Owens Corning Canada Inc.
- Fibrex Insulations Inc..
- Roxul Inc.
- Johns Manville
2. Flexible Mineral Fiber Blanket for Low and Medium Temperature (with or without
vapour retarder)
- Knauf Insulation
- Manson Insulation Inc.
- Ottawa Fibre Inc.
- Owens Corning Canada Inc.
P-2
SECTION 4
PRODUCTS
D.
P-3
SECTION 4
PRODUCTS
E.
FINISH JACKETS
1. Multi-Purpose
- Alpha and Associates
- Claremont
- Lamotite
- Compac Corp.
2. Treated Jacket
- Alpha and Associates
- Claremont
- Fattal Thermocanvas
3. PVC Jacket and Fitting Covers
- Ceel-Co
- Belform Insulation Ltd.
- Proto Corp.
- Sure-Fit System
- Speedline
- Thermo-Cover Inc.
- Zeston
4. Aluminum and Stainless Steel Jacketing and Fitting Covers
- Aluminum materials must be furnished from aluminum with alloys conforming to
ASTM B-209 designation.
- Stainless Steel materials must be type 304 or Type 316 stainless steel
conforming to ASTM A-240.
5. Vapour Retarder facing adhesive; Insulation and Fabric Coatings; FittingMastic;
Fabric Adhesive; Mastic Coating
- Bakor
- Specialty Construction Brands Inc. (Fosters/Childers)
- Epolux
- Nacan
P-4
SECTION 4
PRODUCTS
F.
ACCESSORIES
1. Tapes
- Avery Dennison
- Compac Corp.
- Ideal Tape
- MACtac Canada Ltd.
- Venture Tape Corp.
-Dow Chemical Canada Inc.
2. Weld Pins, Studs and Clips
- AGM
- Continental Studwelding
- Midwest Fastners Inc.
3. Insulating Cements
- PK Insulation
- Industrial Insulation Group IIG-LLC
4. Vapour Retarder Film
- Dow Chemical Canada Inc.
5. Removable/Reusable Covers Other Companies
- Albrico Services (1982) Ltd. to be listed on
- - Connelly Insulation Services
- Crossby Insulation Inc.
- Dewar Insulations Ltd.
- Ener Guard Protective Coverings Inc.
- Firwin Corporation - Guildfords Ltd.
- Heat Saver Covers Ltd. - Inscan Contractors Ltd.
- Isolation Generales A.P.T. Inc. - Interprovincial Insulation Inc.
- Isolation Industrielle Quebec - Knauf Fiber Glass
- LGF Mechanical Insulations - Pro-Tec-T-Kotes
P-5
SECTION 4
PRODUCTS
P-6
SECTION 5
COMMERCIAL PIPING
APPLICATION
HOT PIPING
B.
COLD PIPING
C.
UNDERGROUND INSULATION
FINISHES
CPF/1 Indoor
CPF/2 Indoor (THIS FINISH SHOULD ONLY BE USED WHERE FINISHED APPEARANCE
IS NOT A FACTOR)
4
CPF/3 Indoor/Outdoor (Metal Jacket)
CPF/5 Outdoor
Note: The contents of this section include the application and finishes of pipe insulation under
TIAC specification code numbers 1501 and CPF. These code numbers are cross referenced in
the following specification sections:
Mechanical Insulation
Section 15250 (MasterFormat 1995)
Section 21 07 00 Fire-Suppression Insulation (MasterFormat 2004)
Section 22 07 00 Plumbing Insulation (MasterFormat 2004)
Section 23 07 00 HVAC Insulation (MasterFormat 2004)
Piping Insulation
Section 15260 (MasterFormat 1995)
CP-0
SECTION 5
COMMERCIAL PIPING
CP-1
SECTION 5
COMMERCIAL PIPING
SECTION 5
COMMERCIAL PIPING
5.1 APPLICATION
A.
HOT PIPING
Specification
Code No
1501-H Hot Application - Intermediate Temperature (15C - 315C)
- Piping: Pipe covering without integral jacket shall be held in place with insulation
fastening at not less than 300 mm centres. Pipe insulation with integral jacket shall be
held in place by stapling the flap on 75 mm centres. Pipe insulation with integral selfsealing jacket will not require additional fastening.
- Fittings: Insulate fittings with sections of the pipe insulation mitred to fit tightly, or
insulating cement, or with tightly placed flexible insulation covered with reinforcing
membrane stapled in place. Alternately insulate fittings with tightly placed flexible
insulation and apply PVC fitting covers.
- Valves, Strainers: Insulate valve bodies and strainers with insulating cement, or fitted
pipe insulation segments, or mitred blocks all to thickness of the adjacent pipe
insulation or insulate with tightly placed flexible insulation covered with reinforcing
membrane stapled in place. Drains, blowoff plugs and caps shall be left uncovered.
Alternately insulate with tightly placed flexible insulation and apply PVC fitting covers.
(See Note 1).
- Flanges: Insulate flanges with oversized pipe covering or mitred blocks to and applied
in accordance with the manufacturer's directions. (See Note 2) the thickness of the
adjacent pipe covering. Alternately insulate with tightly placed flexible insulation and
apply PVC fitting covers. (See Note 1)
- Insulation Termination Points: Terminate insulation 75mm from fittings to provide
working clearance and bevel insulation at 45 angle.
1501-HA Alternative Application
- For certain areas where insulation application as described above is impractical,
flexible foamed elastomeric or closed cell insulation may be used and applied in
accordance with the manufacturer's directions (See Note 2).
Note 1: The use of this code number does not include insulation application on
valve bodies, strainers or flanges. The specifying authority must specify in the
project specifications if valve bodies, strainers or flanges are to be insulated.
Refer to specification format, Page SF-4, under "Application".
Note 2: The National Building Code 1995 requires that in buildings of noncombustible construction, foamed plastic insulation on piping located in vertical
service spaces or in rooms or spaces other than service spaces must be suitably
protected from fire exposure. The specifying authority is responsible for
ensuring such protection is provided, if applicable to a project, and specify
CP-2
SECTION 5
COMMERCIAL PIPING
B.
COLD PIPING
Specification
Code No.
1501-C Cold Application - (5C to 15C)
- Piping: Apply pipe insulation with integral vapour retarder jacket to piping and hold in
place by securing the jacket flap. Seal all flaps and butt strips with vapour retarder
adhesive or alternately secure with staples on 75 mm centres and cover with a heavy
brush coat of retarder coating. Pipe insulation with integral self-sealing vapour retarder
jacket will not require additional fastening.
- Fittings: Insulate fittings with section of the pipe insulation mitred to fit tightly, or with
tightly placed flexible insulation, then apply reinforcing membrane embedded in vapour
retarder coating. Alternately insulate fittings with tightly placed flexible insulation then
apply reinforcing membrane embedded in vapour retarder coating and apply PVC fitting
covers.
- Valves, Strainers: Insulate valve bodies, bonnets and strainers with insulating cement;
or fitted pipe insulation; or mitred blocks all to thickness of adjacent pipe insulation,
then apply reinforcing membrane embedded in retarder coating. Alternately, insulate
with tightly placed flexible insulation covered with reinforcing membrane covered with a
retarder coating. Drains, blow-off plugs and caps shall be left uncovered. Alternately
insulate with tightly placed flexible insulation, then apply reinforcing membrane
embedded in vapour retarder coating and apply PVC fitting covers.
- Flanges: Insulated flanges with oversized pipe insulation or mitred blocks to the
thickness of the adjacent pipe insulation, then apply reinforcing membrane embedded
in vapour retarder coating. Alternately insulate with tightly placed flexible insulation,
then apply reinforcing membrane embedded in vapour retarder coating and apply PVC
fitting cover.
1501-CA Alternative Application
- For certain areas where insulation application as described above is impractical,
flexible foamed elastomeric or closed cell insulation may be used in accordance with
the manufacturer's directions. (See Note 2 on page CP-2).
C.
UNDERGROUND INSULATION
Specification
Code No.
1501-U Buried Underground Application
- Buried underground insulation employs specific systems based on the particular
characteristics of the insulation materials to be used.
- Install the underground insulation in accordance with the manufacturer's
CP-3
SECTION 5
COMMERCIAL PIPING
2.
5.2 FINISHES
Specification
Code No.
CPF/1 Indoor
- The factory applied integral all service jacket shall be neatly applied to receive the
treated fabric jacket. Apply a jacket with fabric adhesive.
- Fittings, (valves and strainers if specified) not finished with PVC covers shall be
covered with a hard coat cement and finished with treated fitting fabric applied with
fabric adhesive.
- Finish fabric with one (1) coat of fabric coating.
CP-4
SECTION 5
COMMERCIAL PIPING
Note 1)
CPF/5 Outdoor
- Over the insulated surfaces apply a coat (minimum 1 litre per 1.5 m ) of weather
coating. 2 While still wet, embed a layer of reinforcing membrane and finish with
a final coat (minimum 1 liter per 1.5 m ) of weather coating. 2
NOTE 1: PVC Jacket and Fittings exposed to outdoor use or fluorescent lighting
shall be ultra-violet ray resistant.
CP-5
SECTION 6
COMMERCIAL DUCTWORK AND PLENUM
SECTION 6 :
6.1
APPLICATION
A.
D.
UNDERGROUND INSULATION
B.
C.
A.
B.
6.2
RECTANGULAR DUCTS
4
4
4
4
CRF/1 Indoor
CRF/2 Indoor
CRF/3 Outdoor
CRF/4 Outdoor
ROUND DUCTS
CRD/1 Indoor
CRD/2 Indoor
CRD/3 Indoor
CRD/4 Outdoor
CRD/5 Outdoor
CD-0
SECTION 6
COMMERCIAL DUCTWORK AND PLENUM
C.
OVAL DUCTS
Note: The contents of the Section include the application and finishes of duct and plenum
insulation under Specification Code Numbers CER, CEF, CIR, CIF, CIU, CRF and CRD. These
code numbers are cross referenced in TIAC specification sections 15250 (23 07 00) - Mechanical
Insulation and 15270 (23 07 13) - Ductwork Insulation.
CD-1
SECTION 6
COMMERCIAL DUCTWORK AND PLENUM
SECTION 6
COMMERCIAL DUCTWORK AND PLENUM
6.1 APPLICATION
A.
Specification
Code No.
CER/1 Hot Duct and Plenum - (20 to 65C)
- Preparation: Fix mechanical fasteners to both horizontal and vertical surfaces at
approximately 300 mm centres, each direction.
- Application: Cut insulation without integral vapour retarder to required size and apply
to exterior of duct and/or plenum, with horizontal surfaces overlapping vertical surfaces
and edges tightly butted together. Secure insulation by impaling on mechanical
fasteners. (See Note 1)
CER/2 Cold or Dual Temp Duct and Plenum - (Ambient to 65C)
- Preparation: Fix mechanical fasteners to both horizontal and vertical surfaces at
approximately 300 mm on centres, each direction.
- Application: Cut insulation with integral vapour retarder to required size and apply to
exterior of duct and/or plenum with vapour retarder to the warm side with horizontal
surfaces overlapping vertical surfaces. Butt edges together tightly. Secure insulation by
impaling on mechanical fasteners. Where mechanical fasteners penetrate vapour
retarder, and at all corners and joints, apply vapour retarder tape or vapour retarder
strips adhered with vapour retarder adhesive. Where raised seams are encountered,
secure to the seams an overlapping strip of flexible insulating material with integral
vapour retarder to provide a continuous vapour retarder. (See Note 1)
CER/3 Outside Air Duct and Plenum - (-40C to Ambient)
- As CER/2 above but firstly apply a layer of rigid insulation without vapour retarder
before applying layer of rigid insulation with vapour retarder. All joints shall be
staggered.
Note 1: For external applications of rigid insulation (CER/1 and CER/2) where the use
of mechanical fasteners is unsuitable due to space limitations, twine or wire
fastenings, insulation adhesive or other suitable method of attachment may be
substituted.
Note 2: Except where specifically called for in the Insulation section of the project
specifications, where an interior duct liner is used, external insulation shall not be
applied.
B.
Specification
CD-2
SECTION 6
COMMERCIAL DUCTWORK AND PLENUM
Code No.
CEF/1 Hot Duct and Plenum - (20C to 65C)
- Preparation: On round ducts and on rectangular ducts 740mm or less in width, no
preparation is necessary. On rectangular ducts 762mm or more in width, apply to
bottom surface, either mechanical fasteners at approximately 450 mm centres, or
insulation adhesive applied in strips 100mm wide on approximately 300 mm centres.
- Application: Cut insulation without integral vapour retarder to required size allowing for
50 mm overlap at each joint and apply to exterior of duct. Secure insulation with either
twine or wire fastening on approximately 300 mm centres, or by stapling laps; or by
100% insulation adhesive coverage.
CEF/2 Cold or Dual Temp Duct and Plenum - (Ambient to 65C)
- Preparation: On round ducts and on rectangular ducts 740 mm or less in width, no
preparation is necessary. On rectangular ducts 762 mm or more in width, apply to
bottom surface, either mechanical fasteners at approximately 450 mm centres or
insulation adhesive in strips 100 mm wide on approximately 300 mm centres.
- Application: Cut insulation with integral vapour retarder to required size and apply to
exterior or duct with vapour retarder to the outside. Where mechanical fasteners or
staples penetrate the vapour retarder and at all joints apply vapour retarder tape or
vapour retarder strips adhered with vapour retarder adhesive. All joints shall be
overlapped a minimum of 50 mm and stapled on approximately 100 mm centres.
Secure insulation with either twine or wire fastening on approximately 300 mm centres.
(See Notes 1 and 3)
Note 1: Except where specifically called for in the Insulation section of the project
specifications, where an interior duct liner is used, external insulation shall not be
applied.
Note 2: All Outside Air Ducts shall be insulated as specified under CER/3, Page CD-1.
Note 3: Insulation should be a minimum 16kg density, 38 mm thick as required by
ASHRAE 90.1.
C.
Specification
Code No.
CIR/1 Rigid Duct Liner
- Preparation: Fix mechanical fasteners to both horizontal and vertical surfaces at
approximately 300 mm centres each direction.
- Application: Cut insulation material to required size and apply to interior of duct
and/or plenum with horizontal surfaces overlapping vertical surfaces and with edges
tightly butted together. Insulation shall be applied to the ductwork with a minimum
90% coverage of adhesive and mechanical fasteners. Where mechanical fasteners
penetrate factory finish and at all joints, apply a heavy layer of seal coating. On high
velocity duct systems 20.32 m/s to 30.48 m/s apply reinforcing membrane over the
entire insulation surface. Seal off leading edge of insulation to duct surface with
reinforced seal coating.
CD-3
SECTION 6
COMMERCIAL DUCTWORK AND PLENUM
D.
UNDERGROUND INSULATION
Specification
Code No.
CUI/1 Buried Underground Insulation
- Patented encasement type based on the particular characteristics of the insulation
materials shall be used.
- Install the underground insulation in accordance with the manufacturer's
recommendations and specifications.
6.2 FINISHES
A.
RECTANGULAR DUCTS
CD-4
SECTION 6
COMMERCIAL DUCTWORK AND PLENUM
- Use rigid insulation with an integral vapour retarder. Apply continuous metal corner
bead to all corners. Adhere vapour retarder tape over all joints and breaks in vapour
retarder, and at all corners.
CRF/3 Outdoor
- Adhere vapour retarder tape over all joints and breaks in vapour retarder and at all
corners on cold or dual temp ductwork.
- Apply over the insulation surface a stucco embossed aluminum jacket secured with
pop rivets. All joints sealed or flashed to shed water.
CRF/4 Outdoor
- Apply to the insulation surface a coat (minimum 1 litre per 1.5 m ) of weather coating.
While still wet, embed a layer of reinforcing membrane and finish with a final coat
(minimum 1 litre per 1.5 m ) of weather coating. (Insulation having factory applied
vapour retarder is not 2 required with this finish).
B.
ROUND DUCTS
CD-5
SECTION 6
COMMERCIAL DUCTWORK AND PLENUM
- Adhere vapour retarder tape over all joints and breaks in vapour retarder on cold or
dual temp ductwork.
- Apply over the insulation surface a stucco embossed aluminum jacket secured with
pop rivets. All joints sealed or flashed to shed water.
CRD/5 Outdoor
- Apply to the insulation surface a coat (minimum 1 litre per 1.5 m ) of weather coating.
While still wet, embed a layer of reinforcing membrane and finish with a final coat
(minimum 1 litre per 1.5 m ) of weather coating. (Insulation having factory applied
vapour retarder is not required with this finish).
C.
OVAL DUCTS
CD-6
SECTION 7
COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT
SECTION 7 :
7.1
COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT
APPLICATION
A.
1503-H
B.
1503-C
7.2
FINISHES
A.
B.
CEF/1 Indoor/Outdoor
CEF/2 Indoor
CEF/3 Outdoor
Note: The contents of this Section include the application and finishes of equipment
insulation under Specification Code Numbers 1503 and CEF. These code numbers are
cross referenced in TIAC specification sections 15250 (23 07 00) Mechanical Insulation
and 15280 (23 07 16) Equipment Insulation.
CE-0
SECTION 7
COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT
SECTION 7
COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT
7.1 APPLICATION
A.
Specification
Code No.
1503-H
- Apply insulation block, board segments or moulded pipe insulation and secure
firmly with mechanical fastenings, wire or banding. Insulation shall be fitted neatly
to all contours without voids. The insulation shall receive a 12 mm dry thickness
of hard finish cement to provide a smoothly contoured surface. Cement to be
reinforced with a layer of reinforcing mesh or reinforcing membrane.
- On resilient type insulation use reinforcing mesh prior to application of finish
cement. On rectangular breechings, apply metal corner beads prior to finish
cement application.
B.
1503-C
- For this application use either insulation with an integral vapour retarder or field
apply a vapour retarder treatment. Apply insulation block board segments or
moulded pipe covering and secure firmly with mechanical fasteners, wire or
banding. Insulation shall be fitted neatly to all contours without voids. The
insulation shall receive a 12mm dry thickness of hard finish cement to provide a
smoothly contoured surface. Cement to be reinforced with a layer of reinforcing
mesh or reinforcing membrane.
- On resilient type insulation use reinforcing mesh prior to application of finish
cement.
Note 1: If air spacing is required behind insulation on breeching, it shall be supplied
and installed by others.
Note 2: If chillers are not factory insulated, they shall be insulated in accordance
with the manufacturer's specifications.
7.2 FINISHES
A.
Specification
Code No.
CEF/1 Indoor/Outdoor
CE-1
SECTION 7
COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT
- Over the insulation (hard coat cement not required) apply aluminum jacket secured
with sheet metal screws or pop rivets with all joints caulked or flashed to shed water.
CEF/2 Indoor
- Over hard finish cement apply treated fabric jacket using fabric adhesive and finish
with one (1) coat of fabric coating. Alternatively, finish with a layer of PVC jacket with all
joints and seams sealed.
CEF/3 Outdoor
- Over hard finish cement apply a coat of weather coating (minimum 1 litre per 1.5 m ).
While still wet, embed a layer of reinforcing membrane and finish with a coat of weather
coating. (minimum 1 litre per 1.5 m ).
Note 1: Irregular areas or small heads to be finished with fabric jacket or weather
coating to suit application and shell finish.
B.
CE-2
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
MasterFormat 2004
OmniClass
SPECIFICATION EXAMPLES
8.1
8.2
INSULATION - PIPING
8.3
8.4
INSULATION - EQUIPMENT
SC-0
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
OVERVIEW: SPECIFICATIONS
This section reviews the standards related to specifications, and provides examples of how
to use this TIAC National Insulation Standards in specifications.
MasterFormat 2004
Mechanical insulation specifications are organized according to the MasterFormat
numbering standard (master list of section titles and numbers), jointly published by
Construction Specifications Canada (CSC in Canada) and Construction Specifications
Institute (CSI in the USA).
MasterFormat 2004 is the newest edition, and was radically changed to accommodate a
variety of needs. Six-digit numbers are introduced (from the former 5-digit standard), and
many new Divisions were added. Mechanical sections were expanded from the old
Division 15 - Mechanical into new Divisions 21 - Fire Suppression, 22 - Plumbing, and 23 Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning. Within these Divisions, insulation was given a
major heading, and types of insulation given sub-headings.
MasterFormat 2004 Insulation Classes:
21 07 00 - Fire Suppression Insulation
21 07 16 - Fire Suppression Equipment Insulation
21 07 19 - Fire Suppression Piping Insulation
22 07 00 - Plumbing Insulation
21 07 16 - Plumbing Equipment Insulation
21 07 19 - Plumbing Piping Insulation
23 07 00 - HVAC Insulation
21 07 13 - Duct Insulation
21 07 16 - HVAC Equipment Insulation
21 07 19 - HVAC Piping Insulation
When writing a specification for insulation, specifiers have three alternatives:
- Write detailed insulation sections in each Division, one for each type in each
application (the 13, 16, and 19 level).
- Write a single specification section at the "00" level, which contains text that
applies to all applications within that Division.
SC-1
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
- Write a single insulation section for all types and all applications. If this method
is chosen, the specifier must choose a number from Division 21, 22, or 23. This
section may then be referenced from other Divisions.
In all cases, it is the specifier's responsibility to ensure that appropriate references to the
insulation section(s) are contained in other sections.
OmniClass
OmniClass is a classification system for all kinds and varieties of design and construction
information. MasterFormat can be used within OmniClass, as Table 22 - Work Results.
Where MasterFormat is used to classify work result specification sections, OmniClass is
used to classify information for all other uses, such as the management of product libraries,
cost estimating, human resources, scheduling, project management, etc.
A summary of OmniClass tables is provided, along with a short description of its application
to the insulation industry. Complete descriptions of the contents of these tables can be
found in the OmniClass 2004 standard.
Table 31 - Phases
Table 32 - Services: This table provides a place for the services (labour) required
to install insulation for mechanical ducts and piping.
Table 41 - Information
SC-2
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
Table 42 - Materials: This table includes generic material types, which may be
referenced by other tables. For the insulation industry, "mineral fibre " is an
example of an "insulating" material. Materials are normally used in the construction
of items found in the "Products" table (such as insulation).
Table 49 - Properties: Properties are ways to quantify items in any of the other
tables. For example, "thermal resistivity" and "thickness" are both properties of
insulation.
SPECIFICATION EXAMPLES
The following specification examples are divided into three types to correspond to the three
types of these National Insulation Standards for mechanical insulation, i.e. Piping,
Ductwork and Plenum, and Equipment.
It is recommended that the three types of specifications be incorporated into the project
specifications as recommended in this manual. If required, each type may be incorporated
individually into the applicable section of the project specifications, i.e. Plumbing, or
Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC), or Equipment. However, the Quality
Assurance clause must be included with each type if used within separate sections of the
project specifications. Examples of complete master specification sections have been
included in Section 15 of this manual.
It should be noted that only representative examples have been included under the
headings in each of the three types of specification examples. All additional items required
to be insulated in a particular project, together with the necessary insulation thicknesses,
must be included under the appropriate heading by the specifier.
SC-3
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
and amendments, shall be used as a reference standard and shall form part of this
project specification.
2
The Contractor responsible for mechanical insulation installation work shall keep a
copy of the above National Insulation Standards Manual available for reference.
Where modifications to the TIAC National Insulation Standards Manual are included
in the project specification, then such modifications shall govern in case of conflict.
Spec. Note: State insulation type required for each scope item, from Group A on
Page 1 and 2 of Section 4 - Products. Insert insulation thickness required for each
scope item. Add other scope items as required. If closed cell insulation is selected
for any of the above scope items then, because of different k factors, state also the
specific trade name of the product required.
2
Spec. Note: State insulation number and type required for each scope item, from
SC-4
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
Spec. Note: State exact product trade name required, from Group B, Page 2 of
Section 4 - Products.
4
Finishes
- Concealed Piping: No further finish required.
- Exposed Piping: Apply finishes as follows:
Hot Water Heating:
ONLY)
[__________] finish
Steam Piping:
[__________] finish
SC-5
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
Condensate Piping:
[__________] finish
[__________]:
[__________] finish
[__________] finish
[__________] finish
Interior Rainwater:
[__________] finish
[__________]:
[__________] finish
Spec Note: Select finish from TIAC CPF/1 to CPF/5 as listed on Page CP-5 and CP-6.
Include finish for each scope item as required. Add other scope items as required.
Spec Note: Insert required thickness. Add other scope items as required.
2
Spec. Note: Insert required thickness for each scope item. Add other scope items as
required.
Acoustic lining, where indicated or denoted as such on the drawings, use xx mm
thick flexible duct liner.
SC-6
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
Spec Note: Select finish required. Delete finishes not applicable. Include finish for
additional scope items as required.
7
Spec. Note: Select finish required. Delete finishes not applicable. Include finish for
additional scope items as required.
SC-7
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
Spec Note: State insulation number and type required for each scope item, from
Group A on Page 1 of Section 4 - Products. Insert insulation thickness required for
each scope item. Add other scope items as required. If closed cell insulation is
selected for any of the above scope items then, because of different k factors, state
also the specific trade name of the product required.
3
Finishes
Breeching:
Heating Convertors:
[__________] finish
[__________] finish
Storage Tanks
[__________] finish
[__________]:
[__________] finish
SC-8
SECTION 8
SPECIFICATION CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES
Spec Note: Select finish from TIAC CEF/1 to CEF/3 as listed on Page CE-2. Include
finish for each scope item as required. Add other scope items as required.
SC-9
SECTION 9
FIRESTOPPING, SMOKE SEALSAND AIR BARRIERS
9.1
MATERIALS
FS-0
SECTION 9
FIRESTOPPING, SMOKE SEALSAND AIR BARRIERS
SECTION 9
FIRESTOPPING, SMOKE SEALS AND AIR BARRIERS
OVERVIEW: FIRESTOPPING AND SMOKE SEALS
It is critical that the compartmentalization of a structure -- created by the use of fire rated
floor, wall and ceiling assemblies -- be maintained in order to reduce the severity of a fire
and the passage of developing smoke and gases to ensure safety to both life and property.
When penetrations are created for building services, within a fire rated floor, wall or roof
assembly it becomes critical to seal these penetrations to a rating equivalent to the fire
resistance rating of the assembly. This design approach will assist in confining a fire to its
origin, thereby giving the building's suppression system of firefighters a better chance to
control it before the entire structure becomes involved.
The Standards Council of Canada has adopted criteria for minimum test procedures and
performance standards resulting in acceptable test methods and standards in Canada. The
acceptable test method in Canada is CAN/ULC-S101-04 ("Standard Methods of Fire
Endurance Tests of Building Construction and Materials"). The acceptable test standard in
Canada is ULC-S115-1995(R2001) "Fire Tests of Firestop Systems". Both have been
included into the National Building Code. Only testing agencies with Standards Council of
Canada (SCC) accreditation are considered acceptable testing laboratories.
In Canada, building codes address this issue. National Building Code of Canada (NBC) Building Services in Fire Separations and Fire Rated Assemblies - Fire Stopping of Service
Penetrations.
These subsections specify requirements for the use of "tested" fire stop materials for
sealing building services which penetrate a fire separation or an assembly required to have
a fire resistance rating.
Service penetration assemblies are assigned a fire rating when tested in accordance with
the Fire Tests of Firestop Systems, ULC-S115. These firestop assemblies are intended for
use in openings in fire resistive wall and/or floor assemblies which are evaluated in
accordance with CAN/ULC-S101.
Under ULC-S115, ratings may be established for each firestop assembly (F, FT, FH and
FTH). An "F" rating is based upon flame occurrence on the unexposed surface. An "FT"
rating is based upon temperature rise criteria as well as flame occurrence on the
unexposed surface. When a test sample is also subjected to a hose stream test, "FH" and
"FTH" ratings may be established. An "FH" rating is based upon flame occurrence on the
unexposed surface and acceptable performance during the hose stream test. An "FTH"
rating is based upon a temperature rise criterion, flame occurrence on the unexposed
surface and acceptable performance during the hose stream test. The rating of a firestop
system applies to its use in the specific assembly of materials, penetrations, annular
spaces and floor or walls in which it was tested.
Under building code requirements where piping or ductwork penetrates a fire rated wall or
floor assembly, the joint between the fire assembly construction and piping or ducts must
be sealed with a fire tested and rated firestopping and smoke seal materials to prevent the
passage of smoke and flame through such joints. Such firestopping materials shall consist
of material that will remain in place and prevent the passage of flame and smoke when
subjected to the standard fire exposure in CAN/ULC-S101, for a period of time equal to the
FS-1
SECTION 9
FIRESTOPPING, SMOKE SEALSAND AIR BARRIERS
9.1 MATERIALS
The following list contains manufacturers firestopping and smoke seal materials in regular
supply which have been fire tested and rated as required by the building code.
FS-2
SECTION 9
FIRESTOPPING, SMOKE SEALSAND AIR BARRIERS
These materials are listed for information only and their suitability for the intended
application and the acceptability by local authorities having jurisdiction should be confirmed
by a specifying authority. In addition, the prices for such firestopping materials vary by
manufacturer and such prices should be checked with the manufacturer or the distributor
by a specifier.
All firestopping materials proposed to be used must conform to ULC-S115 and CAN/ULCS101. The acceptability of ULI (USA) or by ULC by local authorities having jurisdiction,
should be confirmed by the Contractor to ensure that the test procedures were performed
to ULC-S115 and CAN/ULC-S101.
Dow Corning Corporation
Tremco Ltd.
Firestop Systems Inc.
General Electric Canada Inc.
The materials used in firestop assemblies must be the exact material tested and listed by
the certifying agency and bear that agency's certification mark (i.e. Warnock Hersey or
ULC).
Air barrier materials cover a very wide range and selection. Usually the density of the
material determines its acceptability as an air seal (non-porous) such as cast-in-place
concrete, cementitious mortars, sheet metal, sheet glass, gypsum board, certain sealants,
and yes, a few firestopping materials. Certain thick and viscous materials can function as
both a firestopping and an air barrier material providing this material will not flow under
prevailing pressure/suction conditions.
FS-3
SECTION 10
INDUSTRIAL PIPING
SECTION 10:
10.1
INDUSTRIAL PIPING
APPLICATION
A.
HOT PIPING
B.
C.
COLD PIPING
10.2
FINISHES
10.3
PIPING FORMAT
A.
PIPE INSULATION
B.
PIPE INSULATION
C.
INSULATION ATTACHMENT
D.
INSULATION FINISHES
E.
F.
10.4
GENERAL
GENERAL
IP-0
SECTION 10
INDUSTRIAL PIPING
SECTION 10
INDUSTRIAL PIPING
10.1 APPLICATION
A.
HOT PIPING
Specification
Code No.
1601-H Hot Application
- Piping: Single layer pipe covering without integral jacket shall be held in place
with wire for pipe 300 mm diameter or less and banding and wing seals on larger
pipe. Double layer staggered joint pipe covering without integral jacket shall have
the first layer held in place with wire and the outer layer held in place with
banding and wing seals.
-Fittings: Insulate fittings 75mm diameter and less with insulating cement or
flexible insulation secured in place with 1.62 mm stainless steel wire and finished
with insulating cement to thickness of adjacent pipe covering. Insulate fittings
over 75 mm diameter with sections of pipe covering mitred to fit tightly with each
mitred section secured in place with a minimum of one loop of 1.62 mm stainless
steel wire. All voids and cracks to be filled with insulating cement.
-Valves, Flanges: Insulate valve bodies and flanges with fitted oversized pipe
covering, or mitred blocks to thickness of adjacent pipe covering. Expansion
joints, steam trap assemblies, unions, slag pocket drain piping & valves, safety
relief valves and orifice flanges shall be left uncovered. (See Note 1).
- Insulation Termination Points: Insulation shall be terminated 75 mm from fittings
to provide working clearance, and bevel insulation at a 45 degree angle.
Note 1: The use of this code number does not include insulation application on
valves and flanges. The specifying authority must specify in the project
specification, if valves and flanges are to be insulated.
B.
Specification
Code No.
1601-A Anti Sweat Application
- Piping: Apply pipe covering with integral vapour retarder jacket to piping and
hold in place by securing the jacket flap with staples on 75 mm centres. Pipe
covering with integral self-sealing jacket will not require additional fastening. Seal
all flaps and butt strips with vapour retarder adhesive or alternatively secure with
staples and cover with a heavy brush coat of retarder coating.
- Fittings: Insulate fittings 75 mm diameter and less with flexible insulation
secured in place with 1.62 mm stainless steel wire and finish with reinforcing
membrane embedded in a heavy brush coat of retarder coating. Insulate fittings
IP-1
SECTION 10
INDUSTRIAL PIPING
over 75 mm diameter with sections of pipe covering mitred to fit tightly with each
mitred section secured in place with a minimum of one loop of 1.62 mm stainless
steel wire. All voids and cracks to be filled with insulating cement, then cover the
entire fitting with reinforcing membrane embedded in a heavy brush coat of
retarder coating.
- Valves, Flanges: Insulate valve bodies and flanges with fitted over sized pipe
covering, or mitred blocks to thickness of adjacent pipe covering, then apply
reinforcing membrane embedded in retarder coating. Alternatively, insulate with
tightly placed flexible insulation covered with reinforcing membrane, stapled in
place and covered with a retarder coating. Drains, blow-off plugs and caps shall
be left uncovered. (See Note 1).
Note 1: The use of this code number does not include insulation application on valve
bodies, valve bonnets, strainers or flanges. However, it is recommended that valve
bodies, valve bonnets, strainers and flanges be insulated. A specifier must include
in the project specifications if valve bodies, valve bonnets, strainers or flanges are to
be insulated.
C.
COLD PIPING
Specification
Code No.
1601-C Cold Piping Application (Closed Cell Material)
- Piping: Apply single layer pipe covering to piping (cellular glass insulation to
firstly have been prepared with a layer of bore coating in areas of vibration) with
all joints coated with a layer of manufacturers approved retarder coating and held
in place with 12 mm wide reinforced filament tape at approximately 150 mm
centres for piping under 100 mm or secured with banding and wing seals located
on 225 mm centres for piping over 100 mm size. Over the insulation apply a
vapour retarder jacket recommended by the insulation manufacturer or apply a
heavy brush layer of vapour retarder coating at the rate of 1.2 L/square metre,
embed a layer of reinforcing membrane and then apply another heavy brush
layer of vapour retarder coating at the rate of 1.0 L/square metre. Multiple layer
staggered joint pipe covering shall have the first layers (cellular glass insulation
to firstly have been prepared with a layer of bore coating in areas of vibrations)
with all joints coated with a layer of manufacturers approved retarder coating and
inner layers for piping 200 mm and under held in place with 12 mm wide
reinforced filament tape tightly spiral wrapped at approximately 75 mm centres or
banded with 0.40 mm thick by 12 mm wide stainless steel banding and wing
seals located on 300 m centres for piping over 200 mm. The outer layer shall be
secured with 0.40 mm by 12 mm wide stainless steel banding and wing seals.
Over the insulation apply a vapour retarder jacket as recommended by the
manufacturer or apply a heavy brush layer of vapour retarder coating at the rate
of 1.2 L/square metre, embed a layer of reinforcing membrane and then apply
another heavy brush layer of vapour retarder coating at the rate of 1.0 L/square
metre.
- Fittings: Insulate fittings with sections of pipe covering mitred to fit tightly or premoulded fitting covers, with each mitred section or cover secured in place with a
minimum of one loop of 12 mm wide reinforced filament tape and all joints shall
be sealed with a heavy brush coat of manufacturers approved vapour retarder.
Over the insulation apply a heavy brush layer of vapour retarder coating at the
rate of 1.2 L/square metre, embed a layer of reinforcing membrane and then
IP-2
SECTION 10
INDUSTRIAL PIPING
apply another heavy brush layer of vapour retarder coating at the rate of 1.0
L/square metre.
- Valves, Flanges: Insulate valve bodies, valve bonnets, and flanges with fitted
over sized pipe covering or mitred blocks to thickness of adjacent pipe covering
with all joints sealed with a heavy brush coat of manufacturers approved vapour
retarder. Over the insulation apply a heavy brush layer of vapour retarder coating
at the rate of 1.2 L/square meter, embed a layer of reinforcing membrane and
then apply another heavy brush layer of vapour retarder coating at the rate of 1.0
L/square metre.
Note: On straight runs of pipe over 15 m and every 15 m, an expansion joint of
flexible insulation 50 mm wide to the thickness of the pipe covering shall be installed
and finished with the same vapour retarder coating as the piping.
10.2 FINISHES
Application
Code No.
IPF-1 Piping:
Over the insulation apply metal jacket with 50 mm circumferential and 50 mm
longitudinal laps placed against the weather and shall be secured with banding
with wing seals or screws. Vertical or inclined lines shall have S-clips installed
every 10 m to prevent slipping.
Elbows: Shall be finished with pre-formed covers or field fabricated gore type
fitting covers made in a first quality workmanship manner and secured with
stainless steel sheet metal screws.
Fittings, Valves, Flanges: Shall be finished with field fabricated fitting covers and
secured with stainless steel screws and/or stainless steel banding and wing seal
Note 1: The specifying authority must specify in the project specifications if
removable valve or flange covers are required.
PIPE INSULATION
IP-3
SECTION 10
INDUSTRIAL PIPING
[ ] Perlite
B.
PIPE INSULATION
C.
INSULATION ATTACHMENT
Material Size Spacing
[ ] Galvanized Wire [ ] 18 Gauge [ ] 150 mm on centre
[ ] Stainless Steel Wire [ ] 16 gauge [ ] 225 mm on centre
[ ] Aluminum Band [ ] 14 gauge [ ] 300 mm on centre
[ ] Stainless Steel Band [ ] 12mm x .38 mm
[ ] Filament Tape [ ] 12 mm x .50 mm
[ ] Wing Seals
[ ] Closed Seals
D.
INSULATION FINISHES
Material Thickness Material Form
[ ] Aluminum [ ] Plain [ ] 0.250 mm [ ] Smooth
[ ] Acrylic [ ] 0.400 mm [ ] Stucco Embossed
[ ] Stainless Steel [ ] 0.500 mm [ ] Corrugated
[ ] Type 316 [ ] Type 304
[ ] Glass fabric and mastic
E.
IP-4
SECTION 10
INDUSTRIAL PIPING
F.
GENERAL
10.4 GENERAL
1. The application of insulation shall not begin prior to testing. Should it become
necessary to commence work prior to such testing, written permission shall be given
by the project manager, engineer or superintendent.
2. If direction is given to commence work prior to the testing, all welds, threads, unions,
fittings and flanged joints shall be left uncovered until such tests are completed.
3. All instrument assemblies requiring insulation and attached to insulated piping shall
be insulated for the operating temperature of the piping to which it is attached using
the insulation thicknesses required in the specification if the work is listed in the
project specification.
4. There shall be sufficient clearance between insulation surfaces and any obstruction
such as stairs, platforms, railings or other piping to allow for the insulation and for
normal operational movements.
5. Piping insulated for personnel protection shall be determined on site by the owners
representative and paid for on a unit price basis, work order or other arranged
method.
6. Insulation shall be protected as best possible from the weather prior to and during
application.
7. Insulation shall be applied with all joints fitted to eliminate voids. All voids or open
cracks shall be filled in an acceptable manner.
8. Hot piping over 300 C insulated for heat conservation or when insulation thickness is
greater than 75 mm thick, the insulation shall be applied using double layer
construction with all joints staggered.
9. Cold piping insulation greater than 75 mm thick shall be applied using double layer
construction with all joints staggered.
10. Tracer leads, drains and loops that are to be insulated shall be paid for on a unit
price basis, work order or other arranged method.
IP-5
SECTION 11
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
SECTION 11 :
11.1
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
APPLICATION
A.
HOT EQUIPMENT
B.
COLD EQUIPMENT
11.2
FINISHES
11.3
EQUIPMENT FORMAT
A.
EQUIPMENT INSULATION
B.
EQUIPMENT INSULATION
C.
INSULATION ATTACHMENT
D.
INSULATION FINISH
E.
IE-0
SECTION 11
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
SECTION 11
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
11.1 APPLICATION
A.
HOT EQUIPMENT
Specification
Code No.
1701-H - Apply insulation to sidewalls, breechings, etc. in block form applied to equipment
with wire, stud, or strap fastening. The insulation shall be fabricated using bevelled
lags or curved pre-formed segments and shall be installed in such a manner as to
closely fit the equipment contours without voids. Equipment operating below 300 C
shall have single layer construction and equipment operating at 300 C or greater or
when insulation thickness is greater than 75 mm it shall be insulated in double layer
construction with all joints staggered.
1702-H - Apply insulation to heads, transitions, tapers, etc. in block form applied to
equipment with wire, stud, or strap attached to float rings or anchor rings. The
spacing of wire, stud or strap at rings shall not exceed 300 mm on centres. The
insulation shall be cut to fit snugly with all joints butted together and bevelled to
prevent "V" shaped voids between pieces. Equipment operating below 300 C shall
have single layer construction and equipment operating at 300 C or greater or when
insulation thickness is greater than 75 mm it shall be insulated in double layer
construction with all joints staggered.
B.
COLD EQUIPMENT
Specification
Code No.
1703-C - Apply insulation to sidewalls in block form to equipment with wire or strap
fastenings. The insulation shall be fabricated using bevelled lags or curved preformed
segments and shall be installed in such a manner as to closely fit the equipment
contours without voids. Equipment operating below +2 C shall have single layer
construction and equipment operating below -20 C or when insulation thickness is
greater than 50 mm, it shall be insulated in double layer construction with all joints
staggered. The entire surface shall be given a coating of vapour retarder coating at
the rate of coverage as recommended by the manufacturer, embed a layer of
reinforcing membrane and then apply a second coat of vapour retarder coating at the
rate of coverage as recommended by the manufacturer.
Equipment operating below -30 C shall have all support saddles, skirts, etc. insulated
for a distance of four (4) times the insulation thickness from the equipment.
1704-C - Apply insulation to heads, transitions, tapers, etc. in block form applied to
equipment with wire, stud or strap attached to float rings or anchor rings. The spacing
of wire or strap at rings shall not exceed 300 mm on centres. The insulation shall be
cut to fit snugly with all joints butted together and bevelled to prevent "V" shaped
voids between pieces. Equipment operating below +2 C shall have single layer
construction and equipment operating below -20 C or when insulation thickness is
greater than 50mm, it shall be insulated in double layer construction with all joints
staggered. The entire surface shall be given a coat of vapour retarder coating at the
IE-1
SECTION 11
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
11.2 FINISHES
Application
Code No.
IEF-1 Where corrugated metal is specified in the equipment finish format, all vertical seams
shall be lapped a minimum of 75 mm and shall be secured with specified bands. All
horizontal seams shall be lapped a minimum of 50 mm. Two "S" clips per sheet to be
installed to support sheets on the circumferential laps. (Do not install "S" clips at
corners of sheets where they overlap.) Equipment over 2 m in diameter shall have an
expansion spring in each securing band for equipment operating at over 200 C and
two expansion springs spaced at 180 degrees apart if operating at over 400 C. All
metal shall be cut to fit snugly around nozzles, man-ways, platform supports, etc. and
shall be flashed with an approved sealing compound.
IEF-2 Where smooth metal is specified in the equipment finish format for horizontal
vessels, and equipment heads the metal shall be lapped a minimum of 75 mm on all
joints for horizontal equipment and secured with specified bands. Orange peel
sections shall be applied to heads with overlaps placed to shed water and shall be
secured with sheet metal screws or pop rivets 100 mm on centres. The orange peel
sections shall overlap shell jacket approximately 100 mm. Metal jackets are not
required on bottom heads of vertical vessels inside skirts.
IEF-3 Irregular surfaced equipment such as pumps and compressors shall be finished with
insulating cement embedded on a layer of reinforcing mesh followed by a second
layer of insulating cement trowelled smooth. Over the cement apply a brush coat of
mastic weather coating at the rate of 1.2 L/square metre, embed a layer of reinforcing
membrane and then apply another brush coat of mastic weather coat at the rate of
1.0 L/square metre.
EQUIPMENT INSULATION
IE-2
SECTION 11
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
[ ] Perlite
B.
EQUIPMENT INSULATION
The following equipment shall be insulated.
Equipment
Material
Thickness
1.
2.
3.
C.
D.
INSULATION ATTACHMENT
Material
Size
Spacing
[ ] Galvanized Wire
[ ] 18 gauge
[ ] 300 mm on centre
[ ] 16 gauge
[ ] 450 mm on centre
[ ] 14 gauge
[ ] 600 mm on centre
[ ] Wing Seals
[ ] 12 mm x 0.38 mm
[ ] Closed Seals
[ ] 18 mm x 0.50 mm
INSULATION FINISH
Material Thickness Form
[ ] Aluminum
[ ] 0.250 mm
[ ] Smooth
[ ] Plain
[ ] 0.400 mm
[ ] Corrugated
[ ] Acrylic
[ ] 0.500 mm
[ ] Stucco Embossed
[ ] 0.600 mm
[ ] Stainless Steel
[ ] Type 304
[ ] Type 316
[ ] Glass fabric and
Mastic
E.
[ ] 12mm x #8
[ ] 300mm centres
IE-3
SECTION 11
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
[ ] 12 mm x 0.38mm
[ ] 450 mm centres
[ ] Wing Seals
[ ] 19 mm x 0.50mm
[ ] 600 mm centres
[ ] Closed Seals
IE-4
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
SECTION 12:
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
DF-0
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REVISION #4 - METRIC
12.1 OVERVIEW: DENIS FORMULA
James S. Denis, President of MHG International Inc. based in Calgary, Alberta, first
introduced the proposed "Standard Method of Measurement", May 1980 to a World
Insulation and Acoustic Congress (W.I.A.C.O.) held in Paris, France.
Later in 1980, the 'Denis Formula' was introduced to major clients in the petro-chemical
industry. It quickly gained approval and acceptance as 'fair' to both client and contractor. It
is now widely used on industrial projects. Quite apart from the obvious benefit of having
one standard method of measurement for the industry, the formula, with ever increasing
acceptance and usage, brings economic benefits to the owner.
By identifying and defining the 'labour' intensive portions of the work, with factors to
compensate for same, the formula has the balancing effect of reducing 'unit prices'. The
prices more properly are based on the straight work where previously they had built-in
difficulty factors at time of tendering.
Use of the standard method of measurement (Denis Formula) has eliminated most of the
guesswork.
The end result is beneficial to both the owner/client and the insulation contractor. By use of
the formula the parties simplify the process of determining the final quantities and value of
the work with strict control over the method.
DF-1
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
DF-2
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
0.47
75 mm to 125 mm pipe
0.62
"
0.78
"
DF-3
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
0.93
"
1.24
"
1.55
"
12.5 mm to 65 mm pipe
0.62
75 mm to 125 mm pipe
0.93
"
1.24
"
1.55
"
1.86
"
2.17
"
90 Elbows
When stainless steel or FRP jacketing is specified, factors for elbows (with stainless steel
or FRP covers), multiply the above tables by 2.5
Bent Pipe multiply length by factor of 3 of same size and thickness
Tracer Loops 0.93 lin. meters minimum, per loop at tracer
(Wrapped Insulation) size by 25 mm (nominal) thickness
Flanges (Pair)
- Hot
0.93
- Cryogenic
2.17
"
- Anti-condensation
1.24
"
12.5 mm to 75 mm
0.62
100 mm to 200 mm
0.93
"
1.24
"
12.5 mm to 75 mm
0.93
100 mm to 200 mm
1.24
"
225 mm to 300 mm
1.55
"
350 mm to 450 mm
1.86
"
DF-4
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
500 mm to 600 mm
2.48
"
650 mm to 750 mm
3.10
"
measured as equipment
0.62
100 mm to 200 mm
0.93
"
225 mm to 300 mm
1.24
"
350 mm to 450 mm
1.55
"
500 mm to 600 mm
1.86
"
650 mm to 750 mm
2.48
"
3.10
"
And
0.62
150 mm to 300 mm
"
0.93
"
350 mm to 500 mm
"
1.24
"
550 mm to 750 mm
"
1.55
"
800 mm to 900 mm
"
1.86
"
DF-5
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
Specified flexible insulation, multiply all factors by 2. Specified preformed or rigid insulation
multiply all factors by 3.
Vitaulic Fittings:
These fittings require special consideration because of size and complexity. Therefore the
conversion table factors are to be multiplied as follows:
45 Elbows
90 Elbows
Tees, Fittings:
12.5 mm to 125 mm
150 mm to 300 mm
Penetrations:
Items which interfere with the insulation system, e.g., conduits, handrails, ancillary hangers,
uninsulated pipe or tubing, etc.
Each cut out 0.62 lin. meters of same size and thickness
When penetrations occur at fittings:
Each cut out 0.93 lin. meters of same size and thickness
Obstructions
Where insulation thickness has to be shaved or cut for walls, sleeves, equipment or other
interferences:
Multiply the length of interference by factor of 2
HEIGHT ALLOWANCES
Height Factor Above Grade*
Factor to increase unit price for over 9.2 m height by 10%
Factor to increase unit price for over 12.2 m height by 20%
Factor to increase unit price for over 15.3 m height by 30%
Factor to increase unit price for over 18.3 m height by 40%
Factor to increase unit price for over 21.4 m height by 50%
Factor to increase unit price for up to 24.4 m height by 60%
Factor to increase unit price for over 27.5 m height by 70%
plus 3% per additional meter of height
*Grade does not include working platforms
HOT WORK: (When insulation applied to line in service above 65C operating
temperature)
DF-6
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
12.5 mm to 65 mm pipe
25%
75 mm to 125 mm pipe
"
35%
"
45%
"
60%
"
75%
"
100%
If labour component has not been identified apply only 50% of the above to the unit prices.
These percentages are to compensate for loss of productivity, however safe working
conditions shall take precedent.
Imperial Measurement (Conversion)
For equivalent fitting factors multiply computations by 3.28
25 mm
750 mm
Spec
Hot
Hot
Length of Pipe
32.9 M
92.1 M
Bent Pipe
45 Elbow
90 Elbow
16
Flanges (Pair)
Valves (Weld)
Valves (Flanged)
Valves (Bonnet)
Tees
Reducers or Caps
Hangers
12
Screwed Fittings
13
Equivalent Meters
60.04
116.44
DF-7
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
SECTION 12:
12.1
12.2
12.3
11
12.4
15
DF-8
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REVISION #4 - IMPERIAL
12.1 OVERVIEW: DENIS FORMULA
James S. Denis, President of MHG International Inc. based in Calgary, Alberta, first
introduced the proposed "Standard Method of Measurement", May 1980 to a World
Insulation and Acoustic Congress (W.I.A.C.O.) held in Paris, France.
Later in 1980, the 'Denis Formula' was introduced to major clients in the petro-chemical
industry. It quickly gained approval and acceptance as 'fair' to both client and contractor. It
is now widely used on industrial projects. Quite apart from the obvious benefit of having
one standard method of measurement for the industry, the formula, with ever increasing
acceptance and usage, brings economic benefits to the owner.
By identifying and defining the 'labour' intensive portions of the work, with factors to
compensate for same, the formula has the balancing effect of reducing 'unit prices'. The
prices more properly are based on the straight work where previously they had built-in
difficulty factors at time of tendering.
Use of the standard method of measurement (Denis Formula) has eliminated most of the
guesswork.
The end result is beneficial to both the owner/client and the insulation contractor. By use of
the formula the parties simplify the process of determining the final quantities and value of
the work with strict control over the method.
DF-9
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
DF-10
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
1.5
2.
"
2.5
"
DF-11
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
3.
"
4.
"
5.
"
to 2 pipe
2.
3.
"
4.
"
5.
"
6.
"
7.
"
90 Elbows
When stainless or FRP steel jacketing is specified, factors for elbows (with stainless steel
or FRP covers), multiply the above tables by 2.5
Bent Pipe 3 lin. feet of same size and thickness
Tracer Loops 3 lin. feet minimum, per loop at tracer
(Wrapped Insulation) size by 1" (nominal) thickness
Flanges (Pair)
- Hot
3.
- Cryogenic
7.
"
- Anti-condensation
4.
"
to 3"
2.
4" to 8"
3.
"
4.
"
3.
4" to 8"
4.
"
9" to 12"
5.
"
14" to 18"
6.
"
DF-12
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
20" to 24"
8.
"
26" to 30"
10.
"
measured as equipment
2.
4" to 8"
3.
""
9" to 12"
4.
""
14" to 18"
5.
""
20" to 24"
6.
""
26" to 30"
8.
""
10.
""
Add
2.
6" to 12"
3.
""
14" to 20"
4.
""
22" to 30"
5.
""
32" to 36"
6.
""
DF-13
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
90 Elbows
Tees, Fittings:
to 5"
6" to 12"
Penetrations:
Items which interfere with the insulation system, e.g., conduits, handrails, ancillary hangers,
uninsulated pipe or tubing, etc.
Each cut out 2. lin. feet of same size and thickness
When penetrations occur at fittings:
Each cut out 3. lin. feet of same size and thickness
Obstructions
Where insulation thickness has to be shaved or cut for walls, sleeves, equipment or other
interferences:
Multiply the length of interference by factor of 2
HEIGHT ALLOWANCES
Height Factor Above Grade*
Factor to increase unit price for over 300" height by 10%
Factor to increase unit price for over 400" height by 20%
Factor to increase unit price for over 500" height by 30%
Factor to increase unit price for over 600" height by 40%
Factor to increase unit price for over 700" height by 50%
Factor to increase unit price for up to 800" height by 60%
Factor to increase unit price for over 900" height by 70%
plus 1% per additional foot of height
*Grade does not include working platforms
DF-14
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
HOT WORK: (When insulation applied to line in service above 150F/65C operating
temperature)
to 2 pipe
25%
"
35%
"
45%
"
60%
"
75%
"
100%
If labour component has not been identified apply only 50% of the above to the unit prices.
These percentages are to compensate for loss of productivity, however safe working
conditions shall take precedent.
Metric Measurement (Conversion)
For equivalent fitting factors multiply computations by .31
1"
3"
8"
30"
Spec
Hot
Cryog
Hot
Hot
Length of Pipe
108'
78'
200'
302'
Bent Pipe
26'
45 Elbow
90 Elbow
16
Flanges (Pair)
11
Valves (Weld)
Valves (Flanged)
Valves (Bonnet)
Tees
Reducers or Caps
Hangers
12
13
195.5
138.0
365.5
380.5
Screwed Fittings
Equivalent
Footage
DF-15
SECTION 12
DENIS FORMULA - REV #4
DF-16
SECTION 13
INSTALLATION DETAILS
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 8
TRACED PIPING
FIGURE 9
FIGURE 10
FIGURE 11
FIGURE 12
FIGURE 13
FIGURE 14
FIGURE 15
FIGURE 16
FIGURE 17
FIGURE 18
FIGURE 19
SECTION 13
INSTALLATION DETAILS
FIGURE 20
FIGURE 21
FIGURE 22
FIGURE 23
FIGURE 24
FIGURE 25
FIGURE 26
FIGURE 27
FIGURE 28
FIGURE 29
FIGURE 30
FIGURE 31
FIGURE 32
PIPING
FIGURE 33
FITTINGS
FIGURE 34
FIGURE 35
FIGURE 36
FIGURE 37
FIGURE 38
FIGURE 39
FIGURE 40
FIGURE 41
FIGURE 42
SECTION 13
INSTALLATION DETAILS
FIGURE 2
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
FIELD-APPLIED
METAL JACKET
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
CLEVIS HANGER
HIGH DENSITY INSERTS
1
2
3
4
5
PIPE SHOE
ON ROLLER SUPPORT
1
2
3
4
5
TRACED PIPING
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
HIGH TEMPERATURE
BLOCK OR BOARD
INSULATION
BREECHINGS,
FLUES AND KITCHEN
EXHAUST DUCTS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
LARGE DIAMETER
VERTICAL VESSELS
BLOCK AND BLANKET INSULATION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1
2
3
4
5
RIGID INSULATION
BANDING SUPPORT BARS
BANDING
FINISH JACKET SECURED WITH BANDING OR SCREWS
HEAD COVER
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
FLEXIBLE INSULATION
INSULATION - JOINTS STAGGERED
FINISH JACKET (METAL SHOWN)
BANDING
INSULATION ATTACHMENT FOR HEAD
FABRICATED HEAD COVER
CLOSED CELL INSULATION FOR FIRST 300mm
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
HOUSING OR SHAFT
RIGID DUCT LINER
ADHESIVE WHERE NECESSARY
MECHANICAL FASTENERS
JOINTS SEALED WITH INSULATION COATING EMBEDDED IN
REINFORCING MEMBRANE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
HEAD FLASHING
CAULKING
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
VESSEL INSULATION
METAL OR REINFORCING MEMBRANE BANDED TO NOZZLE
WEATHER BARRIER COATING OR CAULKING
METAL COVER LINED WITH RIGID INSULATION
METAL SEAM OR END CAP
MECHANICAL FASTENER AS REQUIRED
FLASHING
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
HEAD INSULATION
FLOATING RING
BANDING
SHELL INSULATION
HEAD INSULATION
SUPPORT RING
6
7
8
9
10
11
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
1
2
3
SEAMS STITCHED
QUILTING WASHERS
LACING HOOKS AND WIRE
REMOVABLE INSULATED
METAL EQUIPMENT COVERS
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
PERMANENT INSULATION
COVERS FROM FLEXIBLE CLOSED CELL INSULATION
ADHESIVE
THICKNESS OF INSULATION FILLER EQUAL TO BOLT HEAD SIZE
COMPRESSION SEAL
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
STEEL SLEEVE
ULC APPROVED FIRE STOP SEALANT
COMPRESSIBLE FIRE STOP (MINERAL WOOL)
1
2
3
4
STEEL SLEEVE
ULC APPROVED FIRE STOP SEALANT
COMPRESSIBLE FIRE STOP (MINERAL WOOL)
PIPE INSULATION (INSTALLED AFTER FIRE STOP)
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
SECTION 14:
The following definitions sometimes are not as strict as those which would be applied by a
physicist, but are phrased in the terms familiar to and commonly used by engineers and the
people of the construction industry. Users of this Glossary should note that, in many cases,
words are used in the connotations familiar to the industry, and the definitions are restricted
to this limited usage.
ABSORPTION
AFTERGLOW
AIR BARRIER
ALLIGATORING
AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE
ASBESTOS
ASPHALT
EMULSION
BATT
BEDDING
COMPOUND
BLANKET
GD-1
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
BLEEDING
BLOCK
BOND STRENGTH
BRITISH THERMAL
UNIT (BTU)
CANVAS
A light, plain weave, coarse, cotton cloth with hard twisted yarns,
usually not more than 271 g/sq m (8 oz. per square yard).
CAPILLIARITY
CAULKING
COMPOUND
CENTIGRADE
CHEMICALLY
FOAMED PLASTIC
CHLORINATED
SOLVENT
CLOSED-CELL
FOAMED PLASTIC
COATING
COEFFICIENT OF
EXPANSION
(CONTRACTION)
COMBUSTIBLE
GD-2
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
COMBUSTIBILITY
COMPACTION OR
SETTLING
CONDENSATION
The act of water vapour turning into liquid water upon contact with
a surface at a lower temperature than the dew point of the vapour.
CONCEALED
SPACES
CONDUCTION
COVERAGE-WET
CREEP
CRYOGENIC
CURING AGENT
CURVED
SEGMENTAL
BLOCK
DEWPOINT
DRYING TIME
(ADHESIVES)
DRYING TIME
FINISHES
GD-3
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
EFFLORESCENCE
(BLOOM)
EMULSION
EXPLOSIVE LIMITS
EXPLOSIVE
RANGE
FACING
FAHRENHEIT
FILLER
FILLET
FILM
FINISHING
CEMENT
FIRE POINT
TEMPERATURE
FIRE RESISTANCE
FIRE
RETARDANCE
GD-4
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
FISH-MOUTH
FLAME SPREAD
FLAMMABLE
FLASH POINT
FLEXIBILITY
FREEZE-THAW
RESISTANCE
FUEL
CONTRIBUTED
GALVANIC
CORROSION
HEAT TRANSFER
CEMENT
A soft, plastic material, which under use quickly solidifies to a rocklike hardness, having a high coefficient of heat transfer, which is
used to bond tubes, or other heat-conveying devices, to the pipe or
equipment to which it is desired to transfer the heat.
HOLIDAY
HYGROSCOPICITY
INSULATING
MASTIC
INSULATING
CEMENT
GD-5
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
INSULATION
COVER
INTUMESCENCE
INSULATION
SYSTEM
INSULATION
COATING
JACKET
LAG
LAGGING
MASTERFORMAT
MASTIC
MINERAL FIBER
MUD CRACKING
NOISE REDUCTION
COEFFICIENT
(N.R.C.)
NONCOMBUSTIBLE
NONFLAMMABLE
OPEN-CELL
FOAMED PLASTIC
GD-6
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
OPEN TIME
MAXIMUM
(ADHESIVES)
OPEN TIME
MINIMUM
(ADHESIVES)
OPEN TIME
OPTIMUM
(ADHESIVES)
That open time which gives the optimum strength at a bond age of
24 hours.
ORANGE-PEEL
PENETRATION
PERM
PERM-INCH
PINHOLE
PIT
POLYSTYRENE
POT LIFE
PUNKING
PRIMER
RADIATION
REFLECTANCE
REINFORCING
MEMBRANE
GD-7
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
REINFORCING
MESH
Generic term for poultry netting, chicken wire, etc., usually made
from galvanized wire woven in 25 mm mesh size. Also available in
galvanized and rustless metal alloys.
RELATIVE
HUMIDITY
RESILIENT
SAG
SELF-IGNITION
TEMPERATURE
(AUTOGENOUS
IGNITION)
SELFEXTINGUISHING
SEALER
TEMPERATURE
LIMITS
SET
SHRINKAGE - WET
TO DRY
SIZING
SKINNING
SMOKE DENSITY
The Smoke Density Factor is the amount of smoke given off by the
(SMOKE-burning material compared to the amount of smoke given
off by DEVELOPED) the burning of a standard material (CAN/ULCS102-2003.)
SMOKE TOXICITY
SOFTENING POINT
GD-8
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
SOLIDS CONTENT
SOLVENT
SOUND
ABSORPTION
COEFFICIENT
SUBSTRATE
SURFACE
WETTING
TACK
TAR
TEMPERATURE
LIMITS
THERMAL
CONDUCTANCE
GD-9
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
THERMAL
INSULATION
Material having air-filled or gas-filled pockets, void spaces, or heatreflective surfaces, which, when properly applied, will retard the
transfer of heat with reasonable effectiveness under ordinary
conditions.
THERMAL
RESISTANCE
THERMAL SHOCK
RESISTANCE
THERMOPLASTIC
GD-10
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
THERMOSET
THIXOTROPHY
TOXICITY
VAPOUR
RETARDER
VAPOUR DENSITY
VAPOUR
MIGRATION
VAPOUR
PRESSURE
The gas pressure exerted by the water vapour present in the air.
VEHICLE
VISCOSITY
WATER
ABSORPTION
VAPOUR
WATER VAPOUR
PERMEABILITY
GD-11
SECTION 14
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS
WATER VAPOUR
TRANSMISSION
(WVT)
WEATHERCOATING
GD-12
SECTION 15
MASTER SPECIFICATIONS
COMMERCIAL INSULATION
SECTION 15:
MASTER SPECIFICATIONS
Note that these specifications have been numbered in Division 23 - HVAC (per
MasterFormat 2004). Sections for plumbing (Division 22) and Fire Suppression (Division
21) piping and equipment should be renumbered accordingly.
It is recommended that these specifications be selected and incorporated in project
specifications to complement system design.
A variety of specification sections allow combined system selection under Section [15250]
[23 07 00] while Sections [15260] [23 07 00], [15280] [23 07 16] and [15290] [23 07 13]
make it possible to select separate specifications for piping, equipment and ductwork.
Section [07840] [07 84 00] is intended to include mechanical and non-mechanical
firestopping. Coordination should be done with any mechanical equipment which may be
provided with integral firestop equipment (fire-rated diffusers, for example).
TIAC insulating system code numbers are cross-referenced with mechanical system
names. Use of these code numbers implies acceptance of the related insulating system
standards. Any required addition, deletion or modification of these insulation standards
must be clearly defined by the Specifier.
Where required to state the insulation type, only the material code number and generic
term heading as listed in the National Insulation Standards Manual need be stated. The
Contractor will have the option to select any of the approved products listed in the TIAC
National Insulation Standards under a particular insulation heading.
MS-1
This section includes products intended to be used to close and firestop openings created when site
conditions require forming, drilling, or cutting walls, partitions, or floors. The firestop material is
used to close these openings and continue a fire resistance rating uninterrupted. This section
describes a single or multiple component silicone elastomeric or foam compound, a formulated
compound mixed with incombustible non-asbestos fibres, a mineral fibre stuffing insulation, or a
mechanical device with incombustible fillers. Some mechanical equipment may be specified with
integral firestop properties; coordinate with that mechanical work and reference the products of this
section. This section includes performance, proprietary, and descriptive type specifications. Edit to
avoid conflicting requirements.
PART 1
1.1
SECTION INCLUDES
.1
1.2
General
RELATED SECTIONS
.1
.2
.3
Reference the following paragraph when firestop materials may be used between floor slab edges and
vertical wall assemblies to reduce building stack effect.
1.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
REFERENCES
.1
.2
ASTM E 119-[00a], Method for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials.
.3
1.4
.4
.5
.6
.7
DEFINITION
.1
1.5
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Use this article carefully; restrict statements to describe components used to assemble the system. Do
not repeat statements made in article Section Includes. Select the following primary performance
criteria that are specifically required for the project. Edit the subject text to suit the particular
material being utilized.
.1
[OR]
In the following paragraph, the referenced FM, UL, ULC, or ITS Design Number can be indicated in
the paragraph below, in a schedule at the end of this section, or noted on drawings.
1.6
.2
.3
Surface Burning: [ASTM E 84] [________] with a flame spread / smoke developed
rating of [___/___].
.4
SUBMITTALS
.1
.2
When manufacturer's instructions for specific installation requirements are referenced in PART 3
EXECUTION, include the following request for submittal of those instructions. Edit the PART 3
statements to avoid conflict with manufacturer's instructions.
1.7
.3
.4
QUALIFICATIONS
.1
Only include the following paragraph when specialist applicators are available at the place of work
and an experienced specialist is desired.
.2
1.8
1.9
Applicator: Company specializing in performing the work of this section [with minimum
[________] years [documented] experience.] [approved by manufacturer.]
REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
.1
Conform to [[applicable] [________] code] [FM] [ULC] [ITS] for fire resistance ratings
and surface burning characteristics.
.2
MOCK-UP
Use this article for full sized erected assemblies required for review of construction, coordination of
work of several sections, testing, or observation of operation.
1.10
.1
.2
Apply <[1/3] [____] [sq] [linear] m> <<[1] [____] [sq] [linear] ft>> to a representative
substrate surface.
.3
.4
.5
ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
Application temperature for multi-component foams are critical; consult product data for counsel.
Inert stuffing insulation can usually be applied at any temperature; delete this article accordingly.
.1
Do not apply materials when temperature of substrate material and ambient air is below
<[15] [____] degrees C> <<[60] [____] degrees F>>.
.2
Maintain this minimum temperature before, during, and for [3] [____] days after
installation of materials.
.3
PART 2
Products
A context sensitive link to McGraw-Hill Construction's product information web site has been added
to this section by Digicon Information Inc. To review potentially suitable products for use in this
section, go to http://sweets.construction.com. This link does not imply Spex.ca's endorsement of any
information provided by McGraw-Hill, nor it's suitability for use.
Select and edit one or more of the following product articles. List the manufacturers acceptable for
this project and edit the descriptive specification following, to identify project requirements and to
eliminate any conflict with manufacturers' names cited. Refer to TIAC National Insulation Standards
Section 9.1 for a list of manufacturers of approved firestop products.
Because of the variety of products described in this section and the individual characteristics that are
appropriate to each yet may not be applicable to project requirements, carefully edit the following
criteria listing to suit the specific product required.
2.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[___________________] Product [_________].
.2
[___________________] Product [_________].
.3
[___________________] Product [_________].
.4
Substitutions: [Refer to Section 01 61 00.] [Not permitted.]
.2
Elongation or shrinkage can vary from 5 to 1800 percent, depending on the specific material.
.1
[Elongation] [Shrinkage]: [____] percent.
.2
Adhesion and Bond To Substrate: <[____] kPa> <<[____] psi>>.
Density will vary considerably with the intended firestopping material.
.3
Density: <[________] kg/cu m> <<[________] lb/cu ft>>.
Vapour and air permeability is of concern only where the penetrated wall is in the plane of the
building air barrier or vapour retarder.
.4
Vapour Permeability: <[____] ng/(Pa.s.sq m)><<[____] perms>>
.5
Air Permeability: <[____] L/s.sq m> <<[____] cfm/sq ft>>.
FOAM COMPOUND
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[___________________] Product [_________].
.2
[___________________] Product [_________].
.3
[___________________] Product [_________].
.4
Substitutions: [Refer to Section 01 61 00.] [Not permitted.]
.2
Elongation or shrinkage can vary from 5 to 1800 percent, depending on the specific material.
.1
[Elongation] [Shrinkage]: [____] percent.
.2
Adhesion and Bond to Substrate: <[____] kPa> <<[____] psi>>.
Density will vary considerably with the intended firestopping material.
.3
Density: <[________] kg/cu m> <<[________] lb/cu ft>>.
Vapour and air permeability is of concern only where the penetrated wall is in the plane of the
building air barrier or vapour retarder.
.4
Vapour Permeability: <[____] ng/(Pa.s.sq m)> <<[____] perms>>.
.5
Air Permeability: <[____] L/s.sq m> <<[____] cfm/sq ft>>.
.6
Durability and Longevity: [Permanent] [________].
2.3
Manufacturers:
.1
[___________________] Product [_________].
.2
[___________________] Product [_________].
.3
[___________________] Product [_________].
.4
Substitutions: [Refer to Section 01 61 00.] [Not permitted.]
.2
FIBRE STUFFING
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[___________________] Product [_________].
Manufacturers:
.1
[___________________] Product [_________].
.2
[___________________] Product [_________].
.3
[___________________] Product [_________].
.4
Substitutions: [Refer to Section 01 61 00.] [Not permitted.]
.2
INTUMESCENT PUTTY
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[___________________] Product [_________].
.2
[___________________] Product [_________].
.3
[___________________] Product [_________].
.4
Substitutions: [Refer to Section 01 61 00.] [Not permitted.]
.2
Material: Intumescent putty compound which expands on exposure to surface heat gain;
conforming to the following:
Adhesion and bond are only of concern when the firestopping material is intended to be bonded to the
substrate.
.2
Adhesion and Bond to Substrate: <[____] kPa> <<[____] psi>>.
Density will vary considerably with the intended firestopping material.
.3
Density: <[________] kg/cu m> <<[________] lb/cu ft>>.
Vapour and air permeability is of concern only where the penetrated wall is in the plane of the
building air barrier or vapour retarder.
.4
Vapour Permeability: <[____] ng/(Pa.s.sq m)> <<[____] perms>>.
.5
Air Permeability: <[____] L/s.sq m> <<[____] cfm/sq ft>>.
.6
Durability and Longevity: [Permanent] [________].
2.7
FIRESTOP PILLOWS
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[___________________] Product [_________].
.2
[___________________] Product [_________].
.3
[___________________] Product [_________].
.4
Substitutions: [Refer to Section 01 61 00.] [Not permitted.]
.2
ACCESSORIES
.1
Select one or more of the following appropriate dam materials for specific project conditions ONLY
where the dam material is to be left as a permanent part of the firestop assembly.
2.9
.2
.3
Installation Accessories: Clips, collars, fasteners, temporary stops or dams, and other
devices required to position and retain materials in place.
FINISHES
Include this article only where visible colour is of concern. Final cured colour of the firestopping
material can also be an indicator as to the correct mix formulation and the expected performance of
the material.
.1
PART 3
3.1
3.2
EXAMINATION
.1
.2
PREPARATION
Utilize this article for firestopping materials which bond to the substrate.
3.3
.1
Clean substrate surfaces of dirt, dust, grease, oil, loose material, or other matter which
may affect bond of firestopping material.
.2
.3
APPLICATION
.1
Install material at walls or partition openings which contain penetrating sleeves, piping,
ductwork, conduit and other items, requiring firestopping.
Select and edit the paragraphs of this article to suit the type of firestopping material specified.
.2
Select and edit one or more of the following paragraphs as required for project requirements.
.3
Apply firestopping material [in sufficient thickness to achieve rating.] [to a thickness of
[____] mm.] [to uniform density and texture.]
.4
[OR]
.5
[OR]
[Place foamed material in layers to ensure homogenous density, filling cavities and
spaces. Place sealant to completely seal junctions with adjacent dissimilar materials.]
3.4
.6
.7
[Remove dam material after firestopping material has cured.] [Dam material to remain.]
SMOKE TESTING
Include this article if smoke testing is required on the project. Add locations of smoke tests to
Schedules article.
3.5
.1
.2
.3
Simulate smoke at a rate of four seconds per 2.8 cu m and maintain fog density until
inspection is complete.
.4
CLEANING
.1
3.6
3.7
.2
SCHEDULES
Provide a schedule when listing or scheduling items of this section that require two or more
firestopping types or fire ratings. If a drawing schedule is used, delete this article.
.1
.2
.3
Room to room partitions: 3/4 hour to penetrating metallic pipe and conduit.
.4
Room to room partitions: 3/4 hour to penetrating non-metallic pipe and conduit.
.5
END OF SECTION
SPEC NOTE: This Specifies thermal insulation for piping and equipment, and thermal and acoustic insulation
applied to ductwork and air handling devices.
SPEC NOTE: This Thermal Insulation Association of Canada (TIAC) specification section has been written
using the standard industry formats in accordance with Construction Specifications Canada (CSC).
CSC/CSI MasterFormat - Master List of Titles and Numbers for the Construction Industry. Fivedigit numbers represent 1995 version, six-digit numbers represent the 2004 version.
CSC PageFormat.
PART 1
1.1
1.2
General
SECTION INCLUDES
.1
Piping insulation.
.2
Equipment insulation.
.3
Breeching insulation.
.4
Ductwork insulation.
.5
Duct Liner.
.6
RELATED SECTIONS
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9
.10
1.3
.11
.12
.13
.14
REFERENCES
SPEC NOTE: List reference standards that are included in the text of this section. Edit the following as required
for project requirements.
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
SMACNA
.1
SMACNA - HVAC duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible.
SHOP DRAWINGS
SPEC NOTE: Do not request shop drawings if drawings sufficiently describe the products of this section or if
proprietary specifying techniques are used. The review of shop drawings increases the possibility of unintended
variations to drawings, thereby increasing the Specifier's liability.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate Division 1 Section number and title to suit project requirements.
.1
1.5
Submit shop drawings in accordance with Section [[01 33 00] - Submittal Procedures] [[______] [______]].
SAMPLES
SPEC NOTE: Include the following paragraph for submission of physical samples for selection of finish, colour,
and texture.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate Division 1 Section number and title to suit project requirements
1.6
.1
Submit samples in accordance with Section [[01 33 00] - Submittal Procedures] [[______] [______]].
.2
Submit complete assembly of each type of insulation system, insulation, coating, and adhesive
proposed. Mount sample on [ inch] [12 mm] plywood board and identify sample with typewritten
label.
MANUFACTURER'S INSTRUCTIONS
SPEC NOTE: When manufacturer's instructions for specific installation requirements are referenced in PART 3
EXECUTION, include the following request for submittal of those instructions. Edit the PART 3 statements to
avoid conflict with manufacturer's instructions.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate Division 1 Section number and title to suit project requirements.
1.7
.1
.2
Indicate procedures which ensure acceptable workmanship and installation standards to be achieved.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
.1
1.8
QUALIFICATIONS
.1
1.9
Applicator: Company specializing in performing the work of this section with minimum [three]
[__________] years experience and be a member of TIAC.
Deliver, store, protect and handle products to site under provisions of Section [______] - [______].
.2
Deliver materials to site in original factory packaging, labelled with manufacturer's trade name,
density and thickness.
.3
Store insulation in original packaging and protect from weather and construction traffic.
.4
Store materials at or above ambient temperatures and conditions required by insulation material and
accessory manufacturers.
Products
SPEC NOTE: Mineral Fibre is a generic term which includes glass fibre, rock and slag wool.
2.1
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code A.1 (standard) and A.3 (high
temperature).
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
2.2
Mineral fibre: to [ASTM C 547], pre-moulded, [with] [without] factory applied CGSB 51-GP-52Ma
vapour retarder jacket.
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code C.1 (standard) and C.4 (high
temperature).
2.3
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
Mineral fibre board: to [ASTM C 612], [unfaced] [faced] [with CGSB 51-GP-52Ma vapour retarder
jacket].
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code C.2.
2.4
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
Mineral fibre blanket: to [ASTM C 553], [unfaced] [faced] [with CGSB 51-GP-52Ma vapour
retarder jacket].
ELASTOMERIC
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code A.6. Flexible unicellular
elastomers are available in the forms of sheets and pipe coverings for use in condensation control and as thermal
insulation at temperatures of (-40F) (-40C) to (220F) (104C).
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
CALCIUM SILICATE
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code A.2.
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
SPEC NOTE: Calcium silicate is specified here for use as thermal insulation on piping, equipment and boilers
where the temperature of the hot surface is between (104F) (40C) and (1202F) (650C), and in areas where
physical abuse is a concern.
.2
2.6
Calcium silicate: to [ASTM C 533] [CAN/CGSB-51.2], rigid, moulded, pipe sections and blocks
complete with special shapes to suit project design and dimensions [designed to permit periodic
removal and replacement].
CEMENT
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
SPEC NOTE: Heat resistant thermal insulating and finishing cements are available for application by trowelling
to pipe fittings, equipment and boilers, or as insulation.
.2
2.7
Cement: to [ASTM C 195], heat resistant thermal insulating and finishing cements.
JACKETS
.1
SPEC NOTE: Polyvinyl chloride sheet is available for use as jacketing over insulated surfaces, or preformed for
pipe fittings, where the surface temperature is between (-4F) (-20C) and (149F ) (65C).
.2
Polyvinyl chloride jacketing: to CGSB 51-GP-53M, complete with preformed shapes to suit
project design and dimensions, colour [______]. One piece moulded type fitting covers and
sheet material.
.1
Minimum service temperature: [-4F] [-20C].
.2
Maximum service temperature: [149F] [65C].
.3
Moisture vapour transmission: to ASTM E 96, 0.02 perm.
.4
Maximum flame spread: to CAN/ULC-S102, [25].
.5
Maximum smoke developed: to CAN/ULC-S102, [50].
.6
Thickness: [[______] inches] [[______] mm].
.7
Fastenings: solvent weld adhesive, tacks, or pressure sensitive colour matching vinyl
tape.
.8
Outdoor applications require UV rated material and minimum [[0.015][0.020]
inches] [[0.38][0.5] mm] thickness.
.9
Closed systems: to manufacturers recommendations.
SPEC NOTE: Include the following paragraph when PVC covering adhesive is used to seal laps and joints of
PVC covers.
.3
Covering adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[___________________] Type [______].
.2
.2
.2
[___________________] Type [______].
.3
[___________________] Type [______].
Compatible with insulation.
ABS Plastic
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
SPEC NOTE: ABS sheet material is available for use as a jacketing over insulated surfaces, or preformed fittings
for all pipe fittings, flanges, valves and pipe terminators where the surface temperature is between -40C and 82C
(-40F and 180F).
SPEC NOTE: The jacketing and fitting covers combined with solvent weld adhesive form a completely sealed
system for applications in food processing, beverage and pharmaceutical industries.
.2
Jacket: one piece moulded type fitting covers and sheet material [ASTM D 1784]
.1
Minimum service temperature: [-40 F] [-40C].
.2
Maximum service temperature of [180F] [82C].
.3
Moisture vapour transmission: ASTM E 96, 0.012 perm.
.4
Thickness: [0.030 inches] [0.75 mm].
.5
Fastenings: solvent welding adhesive.
.6
Fastenings: solvent weld adhesive, tacks, or pressure sensitive colour matching vinyl
tape.
.7
Closed systems: to manufacturers recommendations.
.8
Do not use ABS jackets outdoors.
.3
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when insulation lagging adhesive is used to adhere canvas to pipe
insulation.
.2
Lagging adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[________________] Type [______].
.2
[________________] Type [______].
.3
[________________] Type [______].
.2
Compatible with insulation.
.4
.5
SPEC NOTE: Duct liner is specified in this section. Verify local or regional criteria before removing it from this
Section.
2.9
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[_____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[_____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[_____________________________] Type [________].
.2
.3
Adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
Water based [fire-retardant] type.
.4
Fasteners: [[0.078][0.157] inches] [[2] [4] mm] diameter steel with [integral] [press-on] [[1.37
inches] [35 mm] diameter head] [[1.25 inches] [32 mm] square clips], length as required for
insulation thickness.
SPEC NOTE: Duct liner is specified in this section. Verify local or regional criteria before removing it from this
Section.
2.10
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
.3
Adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
Water based [fire-retardant] type.
.4
Fasteners: [[0.078][0.157] inches] [[2] [4] mm] diameter steel with [[1.37 inches] [35 mm] diameter
head] [[1.25 inches] [32 mm] square clips], length as required for insulation thickness.
ACCESSORIES
.1
.2
.3
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
Compatible with insulation.
Water based [fire retardant] type.
.2
Insulating cement
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
To [ASTM C 449], [hydraulic] setting on mineral wool.
.3
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when indoor vapour retarder finish used to finish over insulation.
.4
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when outdoor vapour retarder mastic is used as a coating over
insulation with a reinforcing fabric.
.5
.6
Tape: self adhesive, [aluminum], [plain] [reinforced], [3 inches] [75 mm] wide minimum.
.1
Maximum flame spread: to CAN/ULC-S102, 25.
.2
Maximum smoke developed: to CAN/ULC-S102, 50.
.7
.8
.9
.10
Bands: [[] [] inch] [[12] [19] mm] wide; [0.020 inches] [0.5 mm] thick stainless steel.
.11
Facing: [1 inch] [25 mm] [galvanized] steel hexagonal wire mesh stitched [on one face of insulation]
[onto both faces of insulation] [on one face of insulation with expanded metal lath on other].
.12
Fasteners: [[0.078] [0.157] inches] [[2] [4] mm] diameter, with [[1.37 inches] [35 mm] diameter
head] [[1.25 inch] [32 mm] square clips], length as required for insulation thickness.
PART 3
Execution
3.2
3.3
3.4
EXAMINATION
.1
Verify that piping, ductwork and equipment have been tested and approved before applying
insulation materials.
.2
Verify that surfaces are clean, foreign material removed, and dry.
INSTALLATION
.1
.2
Apply insulation materials, accessories, jackets and finishes in accordance with manufacturers'
written instructions and as specified.
.3
.4
Apply high compressive strength insulation at supports and hangers, suitable for service, where
oversized saddles or shoes are specified.
Install insulation for commercial piping in accordance with TIAC National Insulation Standards,
Section 5.
.2
.3
3.5
Install insulation for commercial ductwork and plenums in accordance with TIAC National
Insulation Standards, Section 6.
INSTALLATION: EQUIPMENT
.1
3.6
Install insulation for commercial equipment in accordance with TIAC National Insulation Standards,
Section 7.
SPEC NOTE: This Specifies thermal insulation for thermal and acoustic insulation applied to ductwork and air
handling devices.
SPEC NOTE: This Thermal Insulation Association of Canada (TIAC) specification section has been written
using the standard industry formats in accordance with Construction Specifications Canada (CSC).
CSC/CSI MasterFormat - Master List of Titles and Numbers for the Construction Industry. Fivedigit numbers represent 1995 version, six-digit numbers represent the 2004 version.
CSC PageFormat.
PART 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
General
SECTION INCLUDES
.1
Ductwork insulation.
.2
Duct Liner.
.3
RELATED SECTIONS
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
REFERENCES
SPEC NOTE: List reference standards that are included in the text of this section. Edit the following as required
for project requirements.
.1
1.4
CGSB 51-GP-53M-[95], Jacketing, Polyvinyl Chloride Sheet, for Insulating Pipes, Vessels
and Round Ducts.
.2
.3
.4
.5
SMACNA
.1
SMACNA - HVAC duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible.
SHOP DRAWINGS
SPEC NOTE: Do not request shop drawings if drawings sufficiently describe the products of this section or if
proprietary specifying techniques are used. The review of shop drawings increases the possibility of unintended
variations to drawings, thereby increasing the Specifier's liability.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate Division 1 Section number and title to suit project requirements.
.1
1.5
Submit shop drawings in accordance with Section [[01 33 00] - Submittal Procedures] [[______] [______]].
SAMPLES
SPEC NOTE: Include the following paragraph for submission of physical samples for selection of finish, colour,
and texture.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate Division 1 Section number and title to suit project requirements
.1
Submit samples in accordance with Section [[01 33 00] - Submittal Procedures] [[______] [______]].
1.6
Submit complete assembly of each type of insulation system, insulation, coating, and adhesive
proposed. Mount sample on [ inch] [12 mm] plywood board and identify sample with typewritten
label.
MANUFACTURER'S INSTRUCTIONS
SPEC NOTE: When manufacturer's instructions for specific installation requirements are referenced in PART 3
EXECUTION, include the following request for submittal of those instructions. Edit the PART 3 statements to
avoid conflict with manufacturer's instructions.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate Division 1 Section number and title to suit project requirements.
1.7
.1
.2
Indicate procedures which ensure acceptable workmanship and installation standards to be achieved.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
.1
1.8
QUALIFICATIONS
.1
1.9
Applicator: Company specializing in performing the work of this section with minimum [three]
[__________] years experience and be a member of TIAC.
Deliver, store, protect and handle products to site under provisions of Section [______] - [______].
.2
Deliver materials to site in original factory packaging, labelled with manufacturer's trade name,
density and thickness.
.3
Store insulation in original packaging and protect from weather and construction traffic.
.4
.5
Store materials at or above ambient temperatures and conditions required by insulation material and
accessory manufacturers.
PART 2
Products
SPEC NOTE: Mineral Fibre is a generic term which includes glass fibre, rock and slag wool.
2.1
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code C.1.
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
Mineral fiber board: to [ASTM C 612], [unfaced] [faced] [with CGSB 51-GP-52Ma vapour retarder
jacket].
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code C.2.
2.3
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
Mineral fibre blanket: to [ASTM C 553], [unfaced] [faced] [with CGSB 51-GP-52Ma vapour
retarder jacket].
JACKETS
.1
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when insulation lagging adhesive is used to adhere canvas to
insulation.
.2
Lagging adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[________________] Type [______].
.2
[________________] Type [______].
.3
[________________] Type [______].
.2
Compatible with insulation.
2.4
.2
.3
Manufacturers:
.1
[_____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[_____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[_____________________________] Type [________].
.2
.3
Adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
Fasteners: [[0.078] [0.157] inches] [[2] [4] mm] diameter, with [[1.37 inches] [35 mm] diameter
head] [[1.25 inches] [32 mm] square clips], length as required for insulation thickness.
SPEC NOTE: Duct liner is specified in this section. Verify local or regional criteria before removing it from this
Section.
2.6
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
.3
Adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
Water based [fire-retardant] type.
.4
Fasteners: [[0.078] [0.157] inches] [[2] [4] mm] diameter, with [[1.37 inches] [35 mm] diameter
head] [[1.25 inches] [32 mm] square clips], length as required for insulation thickness.
ACCESSORIES
.1
.2
Insulating cement
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
To [ASTM C 449], [hydraulic] setting on mineral wool.
.3
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when indoor vapour retarder finish used to finish over insulation.
.4
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
Vinyl emulsion type acrylic, compatible with insulation.
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when outdoor vapour retarder mastic is used as a coating over
insulation with a reinforcing fabric.
.5
.6
Tape: self adhesive, aluminum, [plain] [reinforced], [[2] [3] inches] [[50] [75] mm] wide minimum.
.1
Maximum flame spread: to CAN/ULC-S102, 25.
.2
Maximum smoke developed: to CAN/ULC-S102, 50.
.7
.8
.9
.10
Banding: [[] [] inch] [[12] [19] mm] wide; [0.020 inches] [0.5 mm] thick stainless steel.
.11
Facing: [1 inch] [25 mm] [stainless] [galvanized] steel hexagonal wire mesh stitched [on one face of
insulation] [onto both faces of insulation] [on one face of insulation with expanded metal lath on
other].
.12
Fasteners: [[0.078] [0.157] inches] [[2] [4] mm] diameter, with [[1.37 inches] [35 mm] diameter
head] [[1.25 inches] [32 mm] square clips], length as required for insulation thickness.
PART 3
3.1
3.2
3.3
EXAMINATION
.1
Verify that ductwork has been tested and approved before applying insulation materials.
.2
Verify that surfaces are clean, foreign material removed, and dry.
INSTALLATION
.1
.2
Apply insulation materials, accessories, jackets and finishes in accordance with manufacturers'
written instructions and as specified.
.3
3.4
Execution
Install insulation for commercial ductwork and plenums in accordance with TIAC National
Insulation Standards, Section 6.
END OF SECTION
CSC/CSI MasterFormat - Master List of Titles and Numbers for the Construction Industry. Fivedigit numbers represent 1995 version, six-digit numbers represent the 2004 version.
CSC PageFormat.
PART 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
General
SECTION INCLUDES
.1
Equipment insulation.
.2
Breeching insulation.
.3
RELATED SECTIONS
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9
REFERENCES
SPEC NOTE: List reference standards that are included in the text of this section. Edit the following as required
for project requirements.
.1
1.4
CGSB 51-GP-53M-[95], Jacketing, Polyvinyl Chloride Sheet, for Insulating Pipes, Vessels
and Round Ducts.
.2
.3
.4
.5
SMACNA
.1
SMACNA - HVAC duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible.
SHOP DRAWINGS
SPEC NOTE: Do not request shop drawings if drawings sufficiently describe the products of this section or if
proprietary specifying techniques are used. The review of shop drawings increases the possibility of unintended
variations to drawings, thereby increasing the Specifier's liability.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate Division 1 Section number and title to suit project requirements.
.1
1.5
Submit shop drawings in accordance with Section [[01 33 00] - Submittal Requirements] [[______] [______]].
SAMPLES
SPEC NOTE: Include the following paragraph for submission of physical samples for selection of finish, colour,
and texture.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate broadscope, mediumscope or narrowscope private sector Division 1 Section
number and title to suit project requirements.
.1
Submit samples in accordance with Section [[01 33 00] - Submittal Requirements] [[______] [______]].
1.6
Submit complete assembly of each type of insulation system, insulation, coating, and adhesive
proposed. Mount sample on [ inch] [12 mm] plywood board and identify sample with typewritten
label.
Manufacturer's Instructions
SPEC NOTE: When manufacturer's instructions for specific installation requirements are referenced in PART 3
EXECUTION, include the following request for submittal of those instructions. Edit the PART 3 statements to
avoid conflict with manufacturer's instructions.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate broadscope, mediumscope or narrowscope private sector Division 1 Section
number and title to suit project requirements.
1.7
.1
.2
Indicate procedures which ensure acceptable workmanship and installation standards to be achieved.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
.1
1.8
QUALIFICATIONS
.1
1.9
Applicator: Company specializing in performing the work of this section with minimum [three]
[__________] years experience and be a member of TIAC.
Deliver, store, protect and handle products to site under provisions of Section [______] - [______].
.2
Deliver materials to site in original factory packaging, labelled with manufacturer's trade name,
density and thickness.
.3
Store insulation in original packaging and protect from weather and construction traffic.
.4
.5
Store materials at or above ambient temperatures and conditions required by insulation material and
accessory manufacturers.
PART 2
PRODUCTS
SPEC NOTE: Mineral Fibre is a generic term which includes glass fibre, rock and slag wool.
2.1
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code A.1 (standard) and A.3 (high
temperature).
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
Mineral fiber: to [ASTM C 547], pre-moulded, [with] [without] factory applied CGSB 51-GP-52Ma
vapour retarder jacket.
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code C.1 (standard) and C.4 (high
temperature).
2.3
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
Mineral fiber board: to [ASTM C 612], [unfaced] [faced] [with CGSB 51-GP-52Ma vapour retarder
jacket].
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code C.2.
2.4
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
Mineral fiber blanket: to [ASTM C 553], [unfaced] [faced] [with CGSB 51-GP-52Ma vapour
retarder jacket].
ELASTOMERIC
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code A.6. Flexible unicellular
elastomers are available in the forms of sheets and pipe coverings for use in condensation control and as thermal
insulation at temperatures of (-40F) (-40C) to (220F) (104C).
2.5
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
CALCIUM SILICATE
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code A.2.
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
SPEC NOTE: Calcium silicate is specified here for use as thermal insulation on piping, equipment and boilers
where the temperature of the hot surface is between (104F) (40C) and (1202F) (650C), and in areas where
physical abuse is a concern.
.2
2.6
Calcium silicate: to [ASTM C 533] [CAN/CGSB-51.2], rigid, moulded, pipe sections and blocks
complete with special shapes to suit project design and dimensions [designed to permit periodic
removal and replacement].
CEMENT
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
SPEC NOTE: Heat resistant thermal insulating and finishing cements are available for application by trowelling
to pipe fittings, equipment and boilers, or as insulation. Insulating cements are supplied in three types.
.2
2.7
Cement: to [ASTM C 195], heat resistant thermal insulating and finishing cements.
JACKETS
.1
SPEC NOTE: Polyvinyl chloride sheet is available for use as jacketing over insulated surfaces for pipe fittings
and flanges, where the surface temperature is between (-4F) (-20C) and (149F ) (65C).
.2
Polyvinyl chloride jacketing: to CGSB 51-GP-53M, to suit project design and dimensions,
colour [______].
.1
Minimum service temperature: [-4F] [-20C].
.2
Maximum service temperature: [149F] [65C].
.3
Moisture vapour transmission: to ASTM E 96, 0.02 perm.
.4
Maximum flame spread: to CAN/ULC-S102, [25].
.5
Maximum smoke developed: to CAN/ULC-S102, [50].
.6
Thickness: [[______] inches] [[______] mm].
.7
Fastenings: solvent weld adhesive, tacks, or pressure sensitive colour matching vinyl
tape.
.8
Outdoor applications require UV rated material and minimum [[0.015][0.020]
inches] [[0.38][0.5] mm] thickness.
.9
Closed systems: to manufacturers recommendations.
SPEC NOTE: Include the following paragraph when PVC covering adhesive is used to seal laps and joints of
PVC covers.
.3
Covering adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________] Type [______].
.2
[____________________] Type [______].
.3
[____________________] Type [______].
.2
Compatible with insulation.
.2
ABS Plastic
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
SPEC NOTE: ABS sheet material is available for use as a jacketing over insulated surfaces, fittings and flanges,
valves and pipe terminators where the surface temperature is between -40C and 82C (-40F and 180F).
SPEC NOTE: The jacketing and fitting covers combined with solvent weld adhesive form a completely sealed
system for applications in food processing, beverage and pharmaceutical industries.
.2
Jacket: sheet material to suit project design and dimensions.
.1
Minimum service temperature: [-40 F] [-40C].
.2
Maximum service temperature of [180F] [82C].
.3
Moisture vapour transmission: ASTM E 96, 0.012 perm.
.4
Thickness: [0.030 inches] [0.75 mm].
.5
Fastenings: solvent welding adhesive.
Fastenings: solvent weld adhesive, tacks, or pressure sensitive colour matching vinyl
tape.
Closed systems: to manufacturers recommendations.
ABS to be used outdoors only.
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when insulation lagging adhesive is used to adhere canvas to
insulation.
.2
Lagging adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[________________] Type [______].
.2
[________________] Type [______].
.3
[________________] Type [______].
.2
Compatible with insulation.
2.8
.4
.5
ACCESSORIES
.1
.2
Insulating cement
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
To [ASTM C 449], [hydraulic] setting on mineral wool.
.3
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when indoor vapour retarder finish used to finish over insulation.
.4
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
Vinyl emulsion type acrylic, compatible with insulation.
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when outdoor vapour retarder mastic is used as a coating over
insulation with a reinforcing fabric.
.5
.6
Tape: self adhesive, aluminum, [plain] [reinforced], [[2] [3] inches] [[50] [75] mm] wide minimum.
.1
Maximum flame spread: to CAN/ULC-S102, 25.
.2
Maximum smoke developed: to CAN/ULC-S102, 50.
.7
.8
.9
.10
Banding: [[] [] inch] [[12] [19] mm] wide; [0.020 inches] [0.5 mm] thick stainless steel.
.11
Facing: [1 inch] [25 mm] [galvanized] steel hexagonal wire mesh stitched [on one face of insulation]
[onto both faces of insulation] [on one face of insulation with expanded metal lath on other].
.12
Fasteners: [[0.078] [0.157] inches] [[2] [4] mm] diameter, with [[1.37 inches] [35 mm] diameter
head] [[1.25 inches] [32 mm] square clips], length as required for insulation thickness.
PART 3
3.1
3.2
3.3
Execution
EXAMINATION
.1
Verify that piping and equipment have been tested and approved before applying insulation
materials.
.2
Verify that surfaces are clean, foreign material removed, and dry.
INSTALLATION
.1
.2
Apply insulation materials, accessories, jackets and finishes in accordance with manufacturers'
written instructions and as specified.
.3
.4
INSTALLATION: EQUIPMENT
.1
Install insulation for commercial equipment in accordance with TIAC National Insulation Standards,
Section 7.
CSC/CSI MasterFormat - Master List of Titles and Numbers for the Construction Industry. Fivedigit numbers represent 1995 version, six-digit numbers represent the 2004 version.
CSC PageFormat.
PART 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
General
SECTION INCLUDES
.1
Piping insulation.
.2
RELATED SECTIONS
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9
.10
.11
REFERENCES
SPEC NOTE: List reference standards that are included in the text of this section. Edit the following as required
for project requirements.
.1
1.4
CGSB 51-GP-53M-[95], Jacketing, Polyvinyl Chloride Sheet, for Insulating Pipes, Vessels
and Round Ducts.
.2
.3
.4
.5
SMACNA
.1
SMACNA - HVAC duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible.
SHOP DRAWINGS
SPEC NOTE: Do not request shop drawings if drawings sufficiently describe the products of this section or if
proprietary specifying techniques are used. The review of shop drawings increases the possibility of unintended
variations to drawings, thereby increasing the Specifier's liability.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate Division 1 Section number and title to suit project requirements.
.1
1.5
Submit shop drawings in accordance with Section [[01 33 00] - Submittal Procedures] [[______] [______]].
SAMPLES
SPEC NOTE: Include the following paragraph for submission of physical samples for selection of finish, colour,
and texture.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate Division 1 Section number and title to suit project requirements
.1
Submit samples in accordance with Section [[01 33 00] - Submittal Procedures] [[______] [______]].
1.6
Submit complete assembly of each type of insulation system, insulation, coating, and adhesive
proposed. Mount sample on [ inch] [12 mm] plywood board and identify sample with typewritten
label.
MANUFACTURER'S INSTRUCTIONS
SPEC NOTE: When manufacturer's instructions for specific installation requirements are referenced in PART 3
EXECUTION, include the following request for submittal of those instructions. Edit the PART 3 statements to
avoid conflict with manufacturer's instructions.
SPEC NOTE: Insert appropriate Division 1 Section number and title to suit project requirements.
1.7
.1
.2
Indicate procedures which ensure acceptable workmanship and installation standards to be achieved.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
.1
1.8
QUALIFICATIONS
.1
1.9
Applicator: Company specializing in performing the work of this section with minimum [three]
[__________] years experience and be a member of TIAC.
Deliver, store, protect and handle products to site under provisions of Section [______] - [______].
.2
Deliver materials to site in original factory packaging, labelled with manufacturer's trade name,
product identification and thickness.
.3
Store insulation in original wrapping and protect from weather and construction traffic.
.4
.5
Store materials at or above ambient temperatures and conditions required by insulation material and
accessory manufacturers.
PART 2
Products
SPEC NOTE: Mineral Fibre is a generic term which includes glass fibre, rock and slag wool.
2.1
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code A.1 (standard) and A.3 (high
temperature).
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
2.2
Mineral fibre: to [ASTM C 547], pre-moulded, [with] [without] factory applied CGSB 51-GP-52Ma
vapour retarder jacket.
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code C.2.
2.3
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
Mineral fibre blanket: to [ASTM C 553], [unfaced] [faced] [with CGSB 51-GP-52Ma vapour
retarder jacket].
ELASTOMERIC
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code A.6. Flexible unicellular
elastomers are available in the forms of sheets and pipe coverings for use in condensation control and as thermal
insulation at temperatures of (-40F) (-40C) to (220F) (104C).
2.4
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
CALCIUM SILICATE
SPEC NOTE: Manufacturers for this product are listed under TIAC product code A.2.
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
SPEC NOTE: Calcium silicate is specified here for use as thermal insulation on piping, equipment and boilers
where the temperature of the hot surface is between (104F) (40C) and (1202F) (650C), and in areas where
physical abuse is a concern.
.2
2.5
Calcium silicate: to [ASTM C 533] [CAN/CGSB-51.2], rigid, moulded, pipe sections and blocks
complete with special shapes to suit project design and dimensions [designed to permit periodic
removal and replacement].
CEMENT
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________________] Type [________].
.2
[____________________________] Type [________].
.3
[____________________________] Type [________].
SPEC NOTE: Heat resistant thermal insulating and finishing cements are available for application by trowelling
to pipe fittings or as insulation.
.2
2.6
Cement: to [ASTM C 195], heat resistant thermal insulating and finishing cements.
JACKETS
.1
SPEC NOTE: Polyvinyl chloride sheet is available for use as jacketing over insulated surfaces, or preformed for
pipe fittings, where the surface temperature is between (-4F) (-20C) and (149F ) (65C).
.2
Polyvinyl chloride jacketing: to CGSB 51-GP-53M, complete with preformed shapes to suit
project design and dimensions, colour [______]. One piece moulded type fitting covers and
sheet material.
.1
Minimum service temperature: [-4F] [-20C].
.2
Maximum service temperature: [149F] [65C].
.3
Moisture vapour transmission: to ASTM E 96, 0.02 perm.
.4
Maximum flame spread: to CAN/ULC-S102, [25].
.5
Maximum smoke developed: to CAN/ULC-S102, [50].
.6
Thickness: [[______] inches] [[______] mm].
.7
Fastenings: solvent weld adhesive, tacks, or pressure sensitive colour matching vinyl
tape.
.8
Outdoor applications require UV rated material and minimum [[0.015][0.020]
inches] [[0.38][0.5] mm] thickness.
.9
Closed systems: to manufacturers recommendations.
SPEC NOTE: Include the following paragraph when PVC covering adhesive is used to seal laps and joints of
PVC covers.
.3
Covering adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[____________________] Type [______].
.2
[____________________] Type [______].
.3
[____________________] Type [______].
.2
Compatible with insulation.
.2
ABS Plastic
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
SPEC NOTE: ABS sheet material is available for use as a jacketing over insulated surfaces, or preformed fittings
for all pipe fittings, flanges, valves and pipe terminators where the surface temperature is between -40C and 82C
(-40F and 180F).
SPEC NOTE: The jacketing and fitting covers combined with solvent weld adhesive form a completely sealed
system for applications in food processing, beverage and pharmaceutical industries.
.2
Jacket: one piece moulded type fitting covers and sheet material.
.1
Minimum service temperature: [-40 F] [-40C].
.2
Maximum service temperature of [180F] [82C].
.3
Moisture vapour transmission: ASTM E 96, 0.012 perm.
.4
Thickness: [0.030 inches] [0.75 mm].
.5
Fastenings: solvent welding adhesive.
.6
Fastenings: solvent weld adhesive, tacks, or pressure sensitive colour matching vinyl
tape.
.7
Closed systems: to manufacturers recommendations.
.8
Do not use ABS jackets outdoors.
.3
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when insulation lagging adhesive is used to adhere canvas to pipe
insulation.
.2
Lagging adhesive
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[________________] Type [______].
.2
[________________] Type [______].
2.7
.3
[________________] Type [______].
Compatible with insulation.
.4
.5
ACCESSORIES
.1
.2
Insulating cement
.1
Manufacturers:
.1
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
[______________________] Type [_______].
.3
[______________________] Type [_______].
.2
To [ASTM C 449], [hydraulic] setting on mineral wool.
.3
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when indoor vapour retarder finish used to finish over insulation.
.4
SPEC NOTE: Specify the following paragraph when outdoor vapour retarder mastic is used as a coating over
insulation with a reinforcing fabric.
.5
3.2
3.3
3.4
.6
Tape: self adhesive, aluminum, [plain] [reinforced], [[2] [3] inches] [[50] [75] mm] wide minimum.
.1
Maximum flame spread: to CAN/ULC-S102, 25.
.2
Maximum smoke developed: to CAN/ULC-S102, 50.
.7
.8
.9
.10
Bands: [[] [] inch] [[12] [19] mm] wide; [0.020 inches] [0.5 mm] thick stainless steel.
PART 3
3.1
Execution
EXAMINATION
.1
Verify that piping, and equipment have been tested and approved before applying insulation
materials.
.2
Verify that surfaces are clean, foreign material removed, and dry.
INSTALLATION
.1
.2
Apply insulation materials, accessories, jackets and finishes in accordance with manufacturers'
written instructions and as specified.
.3
.4
Apply high compressive strength insulation at supports and hangers, [suitable for service], where
oversized saddles or shoes are specified.
Install insulation for commercial piping in accordance with TIAC National Insulation Standards,
Section 5.
.2
.3