The Rules For Book 1 With An Explanation in The English Language
The Rules For Book 1 With An Explanation in The English Language
The Rules For Book 1 With An Explanation in The English Language
Demonstrative Pronouns
.
.
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
The
for things at
:
:
Examples
-(
)
This is a man
(for masculine singular-rational)
-(
)
This is a book
(for masculine singular-irrational)
-
(
)
This is a woman
(For feminine singular-rational)
- (
)
These are scholars
(For masculine dual-rational)
-
(
)
This is a car
(For feminine singular-irrational)
- (
)
These are pens
(For masculine dual-irrational)
-
(
)
-
(
)
-
(
)
-(
)
: .
. .
is
These words
-(
)
That is engineer
(for masculine singular-rational)
-
(
)
That is a nurse
(For feminine singular-rational)
-(
)
That is a star
(for masculine singular-irrational)
-
(
)
That is a fridge
(For feminine singular-irrational)
(
}
) {
.
- (
)
Those are farmers
(For masculine dual-rational)
-
(
)
-
(
)
- (
)
Those are notebooks
(For masculine dual-irrational)
-
(
)
-(
)
}
{
Examples
The teachers
book
Possessor
Possessed
Haamids book
Possessor
Possessed
10
}
{
follows the
and the
Example
A new house
(Without alif and laam)
(With alif and laam)
11
called the
regardless of gender.
Oh Yaasir!
12
The
Addressed
The
Vocative
Particle
}
{
. . . . . .
Arabic nouns have endings to show their function in a sentence. The normal
ending of a noun is
13
:
:
:
In
On
From
By/at
To
Examples:
14
}
{
The hospital
15
America
Musa
Zakariyya
Germany
for Musa
to America
.
in the hospital
}
{
The Relative pronouns
.
. . .
.
. . .
and differ in their form to correspond to the correct gender. They also
differ to correspond to the singular, dual and plural noun. Note that the
16
:
masculine)
For masculine
Who (for plural masculine rational only)
Who/which (for singular feminine rational and plural masculine
and feminine irrational)
For feminine
Example
17
) .
.
(
) . .(
18
) .
(
.
).
(
) .
(
.
19
) . .(
.
)
(
.
.
The students, who left from the school, are from
England.
For feminine dual rational
).
.
(
20
) . .
(
.
The Muslims who went to the market, are teachers from
Germany.
For feminine plural rational
) . .
(
21
}
{
The laam of definiteness
,laam of definiteness.
Example
This house
:
This is a house
22
}
{
The detached pronouns
. . . .
. .
. . . . . .
Pronouns are of two main categories:
pronouns and
, the detached
,the attached pronouns. The pronouns
: For first person (masculine or feminine)
23
: I
: We
.
We are students
I am a student
)(
)(
For singular
: For Second person (masculine)
You (singular)
You (dual)
)(
)(
You (plural)
)(
24
You (singular)
You (dual)
)(
)(
You (plural)
)(
He (singular)
They (dual)
He is a student
)(
)(
: They (plural)
They are
students
)(
25
He (singular)
They (dual)
She is a student
)(
)(
: They (plural)
They are
students
)(
}
{
The attached pronouns
. . . . . . .
. . . . .
26
Our book
My book
)
(
.
) .
(
Your book
) .
(
Masculine plural
Your book
).
(
Your book
) .(
Masculine singular
27
Your book
) .(
Your book
).
(
For masculine and
feminine dual
Your book
) .(
Their book
) ( .
Their book
).
(
His book
) .(
28
Their book
Her book
Their book
).
(
) .(
) .(
}
The kam of interrogation
and its specification
Kam of interrogation comes before a noun and it is used for questioning. It gives
the meaning how much/many. The noun that comes after it is called its tamyeez
(specification) and it is always singular and takes the mansoob case (Accusative
case). Please look at the example below.
Example
:
How many pens do
you have?
29
Its
specification
The kam of
Interrogation
Its
specification
The kam of
Interrogation
Verbs
}
{
Arabic verbs have a root, similar to English. Verbs are normally made up
of three letters knows as radicals. To make a verb represent the past
tense certain letters are added at the end of the root (look at the
examples below). The
is used to conjugate a verb to make it
30
:
.
.
The student sat in the
classroom
{
}
Example
31
.
The women (pl.) went
to the masjid
}
{
The waw of group form
:
.
The men (pl.) went to
the school
}
{
) (
From 3 to 10
32
In Arabic, to construct a number two things are included; the
(the number)
(the enumerated). The noun, which denotes the thing numbered, is
. Unlike in English, Arabic numbers
and the number is called the
and the
called
is masculine the
is
feminine (opposites come together). Also the numbers from 3 to 10 follow the
mudaaf and mudaafun ilaihi construction.
:
3 Female students
to 1
(Feminine-
)
The enumerated
3 Male students
The enumerated
The number
(Masculine-)
The number
.
.
.
33
For the masculine enumerated
)(
Six students
)(
)(
.
Five students
then the
Four students
then the
)(
)(
Ten students
)(
)(
Nine students
Three students
)(
Eight students
Seven students
34
For the feminine enumerated
)(
)(
)(
Six students
)(
Ten students
Five students
then the
)(
Nine students
)(
Four students
then the
)(
Three students
)(
Eight students
Seven students
35
}
{
The Diptotes
The Diptotes are nouns that do not take a single kasra nor do they take a
Tanween (double vowel), which can be of: dammataan , fathataan and
kasrataan
.)
( .
) (
The Diptotes do not like two things, and they are nunation and the kasra
To Zaynab
In the schools
From London
The following examples are from the diptotes:
36
)
(
.
. . . .
(
)
.
. .
.
Talha Muaawiya
Usaama
Hamza
(
)
.
.
.
.
Marwaan Sufyaan Affaan Uthmaan
The foreign proper nouns
)
(
37
Yuusuf
Paris
London
Edward William
)
(
Anwar
Ahmad
)
(
.
.
.
.
.
better
greater blue
yellow
red
black
)
(
white
38
full
thirsty
hungary
lazy
)
(
doctors
pl.
strongones
pl.
truthful ones
pl.
rich ones
pl.
)
(
scholars
pl.
colleagues
pl.
ministers
pl.
poor ones
pl.
(
)
39
.
.
.
.
minutes
pl.
schools
pl.
doctors
pl.
hotels
pl.
mosques
pl.
(
)
chairs
pl.
cups
pl.
keys
pl.
handkerchiefs
pl.