Chapter 3 OB PPT

Attitude and Job Satisfaction
Learning Outcomes
◉ After studying this chapter, you should be able to:

◉ Contrast the three components of an attitude.
◉ Summarize the relationship between attitudes and behavior.
◉ Compare and contrast the major job attitudes.
◉ Define job satisfaction and summarize the main causes of job
satisfaction.
◉ Identify four employee responses to dissatisfaction
2
. A job that fits you is one that satisfies you
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.
Contrast the three components of an attitude.
Attitudes
Evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people, or events.
Components of Attitude
1. Cognitive component : The opinion or belief segment of an attitude.
2. Affective component: The emotional or feeling segment of an attitude.
3. Behavioral component: An intention to behave in a certain way toward
someone or something.
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5
Summarize the relationship between
.
attitudes and behavior
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Did you ever notice how people change what they
say so it doesn’t contradict what they do?
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Attitudes and Behavior
◉ Leon Festinger uses the term cognitive dissonance to describe the state of
inconsistency between a person’s expressed attitude and his or her behavior.
◉ Cognitive dissonance: Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or
between behavior and attitudes.
◉ The desire to reduce dissonance depends on three factors
a) importance of the elements creating dissonance
b) degree of influence we believe we have over the elements
c) rewards of dissonance; high rewards accompanying high dissonance tend to
reduce tension inherent in the dissonance.
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Individuals are more motivated to reduce dissonance when the
attitudes are important or when they believe the dissonance is
due to something they can control.
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Factors Causes Cognitive Dissonance
A. Forced Compliance Behavior

B. Decision Making (Choice between A and B)
C. Effort
How we can reduce the Dissonance?
A. Changing the underlying thoughts
B. Changing future behavior
C. Develop new ways of explaining and rationalizing the
inconsistency.
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11
Compare the major job attitudes
.
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Job Attitudes
1.Job Satisfaction
It is the degree to which individual feel positively or negatively about their jobs .
It is an emotional response to one’s task as well as to the physical conditions of the
workplace
2. Job Involvement
The degree to which a person identifies with a job, actively participates in it, and considers
performance important to self-worth.
3.Psychological empowerment
Employees’ belief in the degree to which they affect their work environment, their
competencies, the meaningfulness of their job, and their perceived autonomy in their work.
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Job Attitudes
4.Organizational Commitment
The degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization and
its goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization.
5.Perceived organizational support (POS)
The degree to which employees believe an organization values their contribution
and cares about their well-being.
6.Employee engagement
An individual’s involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the
work he or she does.
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How to measure job satisfaction
◉ Minnesota Satisfaction questionnaires

◉ Job Descriptive Index
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Facets of Job Satisfaction
◉ The work itself

◉ Quality of supervision
◉ Relationship with co workers
◉ Promotion opportunities
◉ Pay scale
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Job Satisfaction
What Causes Job Satisfaction?

1.Job conditions
2. Personality
3.Pay
4. Corporate Social Responsibility
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Outcomes of Job Satisfaction
1.Job Performance
2. Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)
3. Customer Satisfaction
4. Life Satisfaction
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Job satisfaction and Decision to Perform
◉ Performance is formally task defined as the quantity and quality

of individual, group or organizational accomplishment.
◉ Arguments
a) Satisfaction causes Performance
b) Performance causes satisfaction
c) Reward causes both performance and satisfaction
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Porter-Lawler model of the performance-satisfaction relationship
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The impact of Job Dissatisfaction
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Impact of Job Dissatisfaction
1.Exit
Dissatisfaction expressed through behavior directed toward
leaving the organization.
2. Voice
Dissatisfaction expressed through active and constructive attempts
to improve conditions.
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Impact of Job Dissatisfaction
Loyalty
Dissatisfaction expressed by passively waiting for conditions to
improve.
Neglect
Dissatisfaction expressed through allowing conditions to worsen.
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Counterproductive Work behavior (CWb)
Counterproductive work behavior (CWB)

Actions that actively damage the organization, including stealing,
behaving aggressively toward coworkers, or being late or absent.
a) Absenteeism
b) Turnover
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Implications for Managers
◉ Of the major job attitudes—job satisfaction, job involvement, organizational commitment,

perceived organizational support (POS), and employee engagement—remember that an
employee’s job satisfaction level is the best single predictor of behavior.
◉ Pay attention to your employees’ job satisfaction levels as determinants of their performance,
turnover, absenteeism, and withdrawal behaviors.
◉ Measure employee job attitudes objectively and at regular intervals in order to determine how
employees are reacting to their work.
◉ To raise employee satisfaction, evaluate the fit between the employee’s work interests and the
intrinsic parts of the job; then create work that is challenging and interesting to the individual.
◉ Consider the fact that high pay alone is unlikely to create a satisfying work environment.
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Attitude and Job Satisfaction

◉ After studying this chapter, you should be able to:

A. Forced Compliance Behavior

◉ Minnesota Satisfaction questionnaires

◉ The work itself

What Causes Job Satisfaction?

◉ Performance is formally task defined as the quantity and quality

Counterproductive work behavior (CWB)

◉ Of the major job attitudes—job satisfaction, job involvement, organizational commitment,

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