NATIONAL CURRICULUM STATEMENT

ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES

LESSON PREPARATION
TERM 4

GRADE 8 SUBJECT EMS WEEK: 2 HOURS: 30 MINUTES PERIOD: 1

DATE STARTED: DATE COMPLETED:

TOPIC:
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
LEVELS AND FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

LINKS WITH PREVIOUS LESSON: LINKS WITH NEXT LESSON(S):

 Forms of ownership  Different levels of management: Middle and Lower level
management.

CONTENT: KEY TERMS (VOCABULARY):

 Manage, Leader, Management and different levels of management Management, leader. Manager, top level management,
middle level management and low level management.

TEACHER ACTIVITIES LEARNER ACTIVITIES DURATION

Homework activity is marked

 Engage learners to respond to questions before giving the answers.  Learners listen and answer
 The teachers give answers on homework activity; write them on the questions posed by teacher.
chalkboard/ whiteboard/ OHP.  Learners mark their own books Homework: 5 min
 Teacher walks around and control learner’s book and ensures learners and write corrections.
write corrections in their books.
 Learners listen and answer questions posed by teacher.
 Learners mark their own books and write corrections. Baseline: 10 min
BASELINE
Learners learned the different levels of government in term 1.
Q: Name the three levels of government.
A: National, Provincial and Local government.

We have three levels in government because the president cannot do

everything by himself.  Learners listen and answer Baseline: 5 min
questions posed by teacher.
Explain the levels of management using the government as follows:
 Top- level management: The president manages at National
government level
 Middle - level management: Premiers manage at Provincial
government level
 Lower-level management: Councillors manage at Local government
level.
The different levels of management occur in different organisations, sports
organizations, and businesses and in government.
Further explain the levels of management using the school organogram.
Q: Name members of school management team.
A: Principals, Deputies and Head of Department (HoDs).
Explain the levels of management
 Top level: principal and deputies
 Middle level: HoDs
 Low Level: Educators and administrative staff
  Learners listen and answer
questions posed by teacher.
For businesses and / organizations to be run successfully good managers and  Learners take notes. Lesson: 15 min
leaders are needed.

Explain the differences between a leader and a manager

Leader Manager
A leader leads or guides others. He A manager is responsible for
is in charge or command of others. supervising and monitoring
Someone who heads a political employees and directing progress of
party/ organisation. an organisation.

A leader has people that follow A manager has people that work for
him/her. him/her.

A leader win followers A manager has people that work for

him/her.
A leader exercises power over A manager develop power with
people people

A successful business owner needs to be both a strong leader and manager

to get their team on board to follow them towards their vision of success.
Leadership is about getting people to understand and believe in your vision
and to work with you to achieve your goals while managing is more about
administering and making sure the day-to-day things are happening as they
should.
What is Management?

 Management is the process dealing with, controlling and directing

things or people towards reaching certain goals.
 It can also be defined as the process of getting people together to
accomplish goals and objectives using available resources efficiently
and effectively.

Different levels of management.

Top level management

 The top level of management consists of the board of directors, chief

executive officer (CEO) or managing director (MD).
 Gives direction and clarifies the vision of the business.
 Set long-term goals for the business, for example, expansion or
growing of the business in long term.
 Ensure that departments are working towards the businesses’ goals.
 Gives instructions to various departments about aspects such as
budgets, policies and schedules and ensure all departments keep to
 their budgets.

 Teacher gives learners an activity to complete at home.  Learners listen and copy or
 Explains instructions on the homework. paste homework activity work Activity 1: 5 min
 Provide learners with worksheets homework. sheets into their workbooks

TEACHING STRATEGY/ METHODOLOGY

Co- operative learning  Lecture / Direct instruction
Discussion Visual/ Practical Demonstration 
Explanation  Simulation
Observation Use of technology and instructional resources 
Question and answer  Role playing
Other : Other:
ASSESSMENT
FORM TOOL METHOD
Data Response Poster Memorandum  Baseline 
Project Class work  Rubric with criteria Formal
Case Study Homework  Checklist Informal 
Control Test Assignment Observation Sheet Educator 
Examinations Class Test Other: Self 
Drama Other : Other :
RESOURCES: OHP/Whiteboard/ Chalkboard/Worksheets/Hand-outs, pencils, pens, Textbook(s), Charts, class notes.

TEACHER REFLECTION EXPANDED OPPORTUNITIES/ ENRICHMENT

 Use either PowerPoint presentations, colourful charts
(print rich class room) or adjust the font size of notes
for learners who are visually impaired.
  Learners are given an opportunity to do more
exercises if time allows.
 Walk around to monitor learner’s work, provide one-
one assistance.
 Re-teach difficult concepts to learners.

Name of Teacher: HOD: _________________________________

Signature: ___ Signature: _____________________________

Date: Date: _________________________________

Support Material
Activity 1:
Different levels of management.
Questions

1.1. In your own words define the following terminology:

1.1.1 Manager

1.1.2 Leader

1.1.3 Management

1.2. Use the picture below to explain top level of management.

Support Material
Activity 1:
Different levels of management.
Answers

1.1.1. A manager is responsible for supervising and monitoring employees and directing progress
of an organisation.

1.1.2. A leader leads or guides others. He is in charge or command of others. It is someone who

heads an organisation / political party.

1.1.3. Management is the process dealing with, controlling and directing things or people towards

reaching certain goals.

It can also be defined as the process of getting people together to accomplish goals and

objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively.

1.2. Different levels of management.

Top level management

 The top level of management consists of the board of directors, chief executive officer
(CEO) or managing director (MD).
 Gives direction and clarifies the vision of the business.
 Set long-term goals for the business, for example, expansion or growing of the business in
long term.
 Ensure that departments are working towards the businesses’ goals.
 Gives instructions to various departments about aspects such as budgets, policies and
schedules and ensure all departments keep to their budgets.

Note to educator: Accept any other relevant /alternative answer/ definition.