I’m glad you are interested in learning more about the electrical grid in Zimbabwe, its

evolution and Zesa. Here are some resources that I think will help you to have a solid
foundation for your general knowledge:

 Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority - Wikipedia: This is a good overview of the history,
structure, and current situation of Zesa, the state-owned company that is responsible for
generating, transmitting, and distributing electricity in Zimbabwe. It also explains the
challenges and opportunities that Zesa faces in meeting the demand for electricity in the
country1
 National Energy Grid of Zimbabwe - National Electricity Transmission Grid of Zimbabwe -
Global Energy Network Institute GENI: This is a map of the national electricity transmission
grid of Zimbabwe, showing the locations and capacities of the power stations and the
transmission lines. It also provides some statistics on the energy production and
consumption in Zimbabwe2
 Energy Sources and Policy in Zimbabwe: This is an article that discusses the various sources
of energy in Zimbabwe, such as coal, hydro, solar, and biomass. It also analyzes the energy
policy and the legal framework that governs the energy sector in Zimbabwe. It highlights the
challenges and opportunities for improving the energy access and security in the country3
 Zimbabwe’s electricity infrastructure | African Energy: This is another map of the power
generation and transmission infrastructure in Zimbabwe, updated in December 2013. It
shows the actual and planned transmission lines, ranging from 66kV to 420kV, and the
generation projects, including thermal, hydroelectric, and solar sites. It also provides some
information on the key players and stakeholders in the energy sector in Zimbabwe4
 Energy in Zimbabwe - Wikipedia: This is a brief summary of the energy situation in
Zimbabwe, covering the topics of electricity, petroleum, natural gas, coal, renewable energy,
and energy efficiency. It also provides some references and external links for further reading5

I hope these resources will help you to learn more about the electrical grid in
Zimbabwe, its evolution and Zesa. If you have any questions or feedback, please let
me know. 😊

I’m glad you want to learn more about the electrical grid in Zimbabwe, its evolution
and Zesa. Here are some possible integrations of the general knowledge of the
electrical grid in Zimbabwe, it’s evolution and Zesa that will be done in the exam
questions for your power systems course:

 Introduction to Power systems-Structure of power systems: You may be asked to describe

the structure of the power system in Zimbabwe, including the generation, transmission and
distribution components, and the roles and responsibilities of Zesa and its subsidiaries. You
may also be asked to compare and contrast the power system structure in Zimbabwe with
other countries in the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP) and explain the benefits and
challenges of regional power trade. You can use the information from Zimbabwe Electricity
Supply Authority - Wikipedia and Electricity Overview - ZERA to answer these questions.
 Transformers and voltage control: You may be asked to explain the types and functions of
transformers used in the power system in Zimbabwe, and how they are used to control the
voltage levels at different stages of the power system. You may also be asked to calculate the
voltage regulation and efficiency of a transformer given its parameters and load conditions.
You can use the information from National Energy Grid of Zimbabwe - National Electricity … -
GENI and Electricity Grid Code Regulations - Home - ZERA to answer these questions.
 Series impedance of transmission lines-Resistance and Inductance: You may be asked to
derive the expression for the series impedance of a transmission line in terms of its
resistance and inductance per unit length, and explain how these parameters affect the
 power transfer and losses on the line. You may also be asked to measure the resistance and
inductance of a transmission line using a Wheatstone bridge or an impedance analyzer. You
can use the information from National Energy Grid of Zimbabwe - National Electricity … -
GENI and Electricity Grid Code Regulations - Home - ZERA to answer these questions.
 Capacitance of transmission lines: You may be asked to derive the expression for the
capacitance of a transmission line in terms of its geometry and dielectric properties, and
explain how it affects the voltage and reactive power on the line. You may also be asked to
measure the capacitance of a transmission line using a capacitance meter or an impedance
analyzer. You can use the information from National Energy Grid of Zimbabwe - National
Electricity … - GENI and Electricity Grid Code Regulations - Home - ZERA to answer these
questions.
 Power system components and per unit system: You may be asked to identify and describe
the main components of the power system in Zimbabwe, such as generators, transformers,
transmission lines, substations, loads, etc. You may also be asked to convert the parameters
of these components to per unit values using a common base, and explain the advantages of
using the per unit system for power system analysis. You can use the information from
National Energy Grid of Zimbabwe - National Electricity … - GENI and Electricity Overview -
ZERA to answer these questions.
 Characteristics and performance of transmission lines: You may be asked to model a
transmission line as a series of lumped parameters or a distributed parameter line, and
derive the expressions for the voltage and current along the line. You may also be asked to
analyze the performance of a transmission line in terms of its voltage profile, power flow,
losses, efficiency, and stability. You can use the information from National Energy Grid of
Zimbabwe - National Electricity … - GENI and Electricity Grid Code Regulations - Home - ZERA
to answer these questions.
 Power flow solutions-Load flow analysis: You may be asked to formulate and solve the power
flow problem for a given power system network, using methods such as Gauss-Seidel,
Newton-Raphson, or Fast Decoupled Load Flow. You may also be asked to interpret the
results of the power flow solution in terms of the bus voltages, angles, active and reactive
power injections and flows, and line losses. You can use the information from National
Energy Grid of Zimbabwe - National Electricity … - GENI and Electricity Grid Code Regulations
- Home - ZERA to answer these questions.
 Symmetrical faults: You may be asked to define and classify symmetrical faults, such as
three-phase short circuits, and explain their causes and effects on the power system. You
may also be asked to calculate the fault current and voltage using the Thevenin’s theorem or
the bus impedance matrix, and determine the fault impedance and power. You can use the
information from National Energy Grid of Zimbabwe - National Electricity … - GENI and
Electricity Grid Code Regulations - Home - ZERA to answer these questions.
 Symmetrical components: You may be asked to explain the concept and application of
symmetrical components, and derive the transformation matrices for converting between
phase and sequence quantities. You may also be asked to use symmetrical components to
analyze balanced and unbalanced power system conditions, such as load unbalance, open
conductors, and single-line-to-ground faults. You can use the information from National
Energy Grid of Zimbabwe - National Electricity … - GENI and Electricity Grid Code Regulations
- Home - ZERA to answer these questions.
 Unsymmetrical faults: You may be asked to define and classify unsymmetrical faults, such as
line-to-line, double-line-to-ground, and line-to-line-to-ground faults, and explain their causes
and effects on the power system. You may also be asked to calculate the fault current and
voltage using the symmetrical components method, and determine the fault impedance and
power. You can use the information from National Energy Grid of Zimbabwe - National
Electricity … - GENI and Electricity Grid Code Regulations - Home - ZERA to answer these
questions.
 Power system stability: You may be asked to define and classify power system stability, such
as steady-state, transient, and dynamic stability, and explain the factors that affect the
stability of the power system. You may also be asked to analyze the stability of the power
system using methods such as the equal area criterion, the swing equation, or the Lyapunov
function, and determine the critical clearing angle and time. You can use the information
 from National Energy Grid of Zimbabwe - National Electricity … - GENI and Electricity Grid
Code Regulations - Home - ZERA to answer these questions.

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