International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS)

Vol. 14, No. 4, December 2023, pp. 2204~2216

ISSN: 2088-8694, DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v14.i4.pp2204-2216  2204

Performance inspection of high gain chopper designed to

extract optimum output of photovoltaic source

Khadiza Akter1, S. M. A. Motakabber1, A. H. M. Zahirul Alam1, Siti Hajar Yusoff1, SajibAhmed2,

Tania Annur3
1
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanto Mariam University of Creative Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Article Info ABSTRACT

Article history: In recent years, the demand for power consumption has increased rapidly to
fulfill the energy needs of households and industries worldwide. Solar
Received Jan 29, 2023 electricity has emerged as the most practical form of renewable energy in this
Revised Apr 15, 2023 context. Due to its distinctive qualities such as being clean, quiet, and
Accepted May 3, 2023 sustainable. Here, the study and analysis of a non-isolated high-gain chopper
for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are presented, which includes a quadratic
cell and voltage doubler circuit (VDC). To ensure the utmost power produced
Keywords: by the solar system, the perturb and observe (P&O)-based maximum power
point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is utilized. A quadratic VDC and a DC-DC
Continuous conduction mode boost converter are used to raise the PV voltage to a higher level (3.6 times
High gain chopper higher with an MPPT controller, and 8 times higher with a battery source).
MPPT The proposed converter exhibits notable improvements in efficiency,
Quadratic cell achieving an impressive 94%, which outperforms other state-of-the-art
VDC topologies. Additionally, the converter showcases a significant boost in
voltage conversion gain, thereby substantiating its efficacy and superiority
over other advanced topologies. Furthermore, comparatively less voltage
stress on the switch with reduced voltage and current fluctuation increased the
conversion effectiveness of the proposed configuration. Performance
verification of the proposed topology is obtained by employing PSIM and
MATLAB/Simulink.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

Corresponding Author:
Khadiza Akter
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering
International Islamic University Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Email: khadiza@iubat.edu

1. INTRODUCTION
The goal of creating a carbon-free nation by 2050 has been set by numerous nations around the world
[1]. The pressing need to achieve a sustainable, eco-friendly environment demands a substantial reduction in the
usage of non-renewable fossil fuels such as coal, gas, and oil. Hence a worldwide concern has emerged to replace
traditional fossil fuel-driven power generation with alternative energy sources that are not reliant on these
depleting resources. One possible solution is to use renewable energy sources (RESs), like solar photovoltaic
(PV) systems and fuel cells (FC) that are good for the environment, are connected to the utility grid, and have
power electronics devices built in [2]. Due to its numerous benefits, including ease of allocation, lack of noise,

Journal homepage: http://ijpeds.iaescore.com

Int J Pow Elec & Dri Syst ISSN: 2088-8694  2205

longer life, lack of pollution, quick installation, and output power capability to meet the highest load
requirements, photovoltaic (PV) power generation has grown in importance as a renewable energy source [3].
In practical photovoltaic (PV) systems, the load level and external factors such as temperature and
solar radiation undergo continuous fluctuations effectively regulate the operating point and sustain the system
at maximum power point (MPP), the adoption of a suitable control algorithm and a high-performance DC-DC
converter is imperative. With the help of MPPT controllers, power converters are mostly used to adjust the
output voltage according to the needs of the application. The researcher has recommended numerous
algorithms for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) operation for ease of use [4], [5]. P&O, Incremental
conductance (IC) algorithm are the most commonly used methods. The new strategy has gained popularity in
recent years, and it is based on fuzzy logic control (FLC) [6]. MPPT research also uses other artificial
intelligence techniques. Additionally, MPPT converters using a soft switching technique are suggested
to increase overall system efficiency [7].
The choice of a suitable photovoltaic (PV) converter is contingent upon several factors, including
cost, adaptability, efficiency, and energy flow. Increasing the duty cycle in typical DC-DC step-up converters
reduces stability and makes the control system more complex. The SEPIC, Cuk, and buck-boost converters are
examples of well-known converters that can step up and down the source voltage. However, the
insufficient output voltage adjustability makes boost and buck converters undesirable. When recommending
DC-DC converters, a variety of aspects can be taken into account, including expense, flexibility, input/output
flow of energy, and the impact of PV arrays. The SEPIC uses a back to back capacitor to separate input from
output and has a non-inverted output [8]. Owing to input switching, discontinuous input current results in
increased power loss in the buck and buck-boost converters' performances. Although the boost converter
typically outperforms the SEPIC in terms of efficiency, the voltage output is always greater than the input,
making it difficult to extract the maximum amount of power. It is feasible for the output voltage to be higher
or lower than the input voltage using Cuk and SEPIC converters [6], [8].
Several studies have been done on different converter schemes, which can be split into non-isolated
and isolated configurations based on how they are coupled and used to get around the problems listed
above [9]–[13]. To use renewable energy, dual inductor-configured Switch Inductor (SI)-designed elevated
lift-up converters are proposed [14]. The utilization of linked inductors in existing topologies leads to low
efficiency due to the high level of leakage in the inductance coils. In contrast, the proposed converter
configurations are built upon a single inductor that can generate a high voltage gain (HVG) while
simultaneously maintaining exceptional efficiency. Even if the majority of these designs achieve HVG, using
a large component count raises the converters' operational cost and complexity. A feedforward boost converter
based on SL-SC can achieve HVG with fewer components, however, it cannot exploit high
efficiency [15]–[17]. Few computational kinds of research have been proposed, and there are few studies on
MPPT quadratic boost converters [18], [19].
In light of the aforementioned drawbacks, this article proposes a study and theoretical analysis of a
high-gain chopper with a quadratic VDC and a P&O-based MPPT controller. Ultra-high gain is achieved using
only a single switch and dual inductors, where VDC is combined with a quadratic structure. High-gain
configurations suggested in [20]–[28] employ dual switches and have a significantly lower voltage gain than
the converter provided in this study. The proposed configuration outperforms conventional PV and a battery
source. Utilization of an MPPT controller did not deteriorate circuit permanence; rather, it can effectively
transmit energy at all levels of radiation.
This paper is organized into five distinct sections, each with relevant subsections. Sections and 2
provide an extensive literature review and background of the research. Following this, section 3 presents an in-
depth analysis of the circuit’s performance, while section 4 focuses on the results obtained from the
experimentation and analysis. Finally, section 5 concludes the paper by summarizing the key finding and
offering concluding remarks.

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE MPPT CONTROLLER

Numerous environmental factors, such as arbitrary shading, pollution, and wind issues, have an impact
on PV power's sporadic functionality. Sunlight intensity varies significantly depending on the location and time
of day; this causes variations in the solar cell's solar temperature and radiation. The design of the inverter next
to the system is impacted by temperature and total resistance. The performance of photovoltaic (PV) power is
subjected to wide range of environmental factors, such as shading, pollution, and wide-related issues, The
intensity of sunlight varies significantly based on the location and time of day, leading to fluctuations in solar
cell temperature and radiation.
Solar incorporated converters are used to raise the panel's voltage to its peak level and supply all of
the effective power needed to extract the possible maximum power from the photovoltaic panel at any given
time. The MPPT analyses the solar panel's supply current and voltage and chooses the operating point to supply
Performance inspection of high gain chopper designed to extract optimum output … (Khadiza Akter)
2206  ISSN: 2088-8694

the load with the most generated power. To increase PV efficiency, the MPPT must accurately follow the
dynamic operating region where the wattage is at its peak. There are different ways to determine the PV's peak
power. The complexity, speed, accuracy, affordability, and number of sensors needed for each of these systems
vary. Among the above-mentioned MPPT algorithms, P&O provides significant benefits, and numerous
research projects have adopted it. In P&O, the challenges are the fluctuation issue and tracing MPP in the
rapidly changing climate. However, it is not impossible to identify the correct MPP during sudden climate
changes [29]. The process obtains its input from the solar PV array's actual operational point (current I pv and
voltage Vpv). Modifying the operating point (IPV, VPV), which is known as the perturbation step, and then
evaluating the fluctuation in power (∆P), which is termed the observational step, are the two steps used to scan
the P-V curve in order to get MPP. Figure 1 depicts the proposed circuit with an MPPT block, whereas
Figure 2 displays the usual P&O system’s flow diagram.

D5

D4 Io
D2 C2 ICo
+
IL2 VC2
L1 L2 -
Ipv D1 IC2 + +
D3 + RL
+VL1- +VL2- C3 VC3 VCo Vo
+ IS1 -
VC1 Co - -
+ - C1 S1
Vpv IC1
PV _ IC3

MPPT Duty Cycle

Figure 1. Proposed topology configuration along with MPPT controller

tart

easure (new), (new)

P(new) (new) (new)

(new) (old)

P P(new) P(old)

es P o

o es es o

ncrement of ecrement of ncrement of ecrement of

uty atio uty atio uty atio uty atio

eturn

Figure 2. Block diagram of the conventional P&O MPPT algorithm

3. PROPOSED HIGH-PERFORMANCE CHOPPER

Figure 3 shows the suggested DC-DC converter structure. In the converter, there is only one switch
(S), and it has two modes of operation displayed in Figures 4(a) and 4(b), respectively. The chopper circuit
includes four capacitors, five diodes (D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5), and two inductors (L1 and L2). Components L1,
L2, C1, D1, and D2 are performing a quadratic operation, whereas components C 2, C4, D3, and D4 are operating
as a voltage doubler. The capacitor Co also discharges, and the energy it had stored is used to power the load.
Figure 5 displays some significant waveforms for the power converters for both switching intervals.

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Int J Pow Elec & Dri Syst ISSN: 2088-8694  2207

D5
D4
D2
C2
L1
D3 RL
L2
D1 C3 Co

C1 S1
PV Quadratic Voltage Doubler
Part

Figure 3. Equivalent circuit of the proposed chopper

D5
D4 D4

D2 D2 `
Io C2 +
C2
IC3 L2 VC2
L1 L2 + L1 _ `
IL2 VC2 + + D1 VC3 R Vo
- +VL2- D3 + L
+VL2- D3 VC3 RL Vo +VL1-
+VL1- C3 VCo
D1 C3 - Co -
+ `C1 Co _
Ipv C IC3
+ 1 IC1 IS VCo +
ICo VC1 S1
VC1 - _
S1 PV
-
PV

(a) (b)

Figure 4. Equivalent circuit of the proposed configuration for (a) ON and (b) OFF period

Figure 5. The theoretical waveform of the proposed converter

3.1. First operating mode (0 < 𝑡 < 𝐷𝑇𝑆 )

Figure 4(a) depicts circuit operation mode I. The main switch has been switched on throughout this
period, and diodes D2 and D4 are conducting. In this instance, current from the input supply flows through L 1
and D2. In this situation, inductor L1 draws energy from the photovoltaic source, and inductor L2 draws energy
from C1. As a result, the currents flowing through inductors IL1 and IL2 grow linearly. Additionally, C3 releases
energy for charging C2. The capacitor Co also discharges, and the stored energy in it is used to power the load.
The voltage across L1 can be written as under:

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2208  ISSN: 2088-8694

𝑑𝐼𝐿1
𝑉𝐿1 = 𝐿1 = 𝑉𝑖𝑛
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐼𝐿1 𝑉𝑖𝑛
= 𝐷𝑇 (1)
𝑑𝑡 𝐿1

where D stands for the duty cycle. Similarly, the voltage across L2 can be written as under:
𝑑𝐼𝐿2
𝑉𝐿2 = 𝐿2
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐼𝐿2 𝑉𝐿2
=
𝑑𝑡 𝐿2

For the switch ON condition, it can be written as (2).

𝑑𝐼𝐿2 𝑉𝐿2 𝑉𝐶1
= 𝐷𝑇 = 𝐷𝑇 (2)
𝑑𝑡 𝐿2 𝐿2

Similar to (1) and (2) for the OFF condition, changes in the current for inductors 1 and 2 can be
written as (3) and (4).
𝑑𝐼𝐿1 (𝑉𝑖𝑛 −𝑉𝐶1 )
= (1 − 𝐷)𝑇 (3)
𝑑𝑡 𝐿1

𝑑𝐼𝐿2 (𝑉𝐶1 −𝑉𝐶3 )

= (1 − 𝐷)𝑇 (4)
𝑑𝑡 𝐿2

Applying KVL voltage across the capacitor is as (5).

𝑉𝐶1 = 𝑉𝐿2
𝑉𝐶2 = 𝑉𝐶0 − 𝑉𝐶3
{𝑉 = 𝑉 + 𝑉 (5)
𝐶0 𝐶2 𝐶3
𝑉𝐶𝑜 = 𝑉𝑜

Applying KCL, capacitor, diode, and inductor current relationship can be written as (6) and (7).

𝐼𝑃𝑉 = 𝐼𝐿1 = 𝐼𝐷2 = 𝐼𝑆 (6)

𝑑𝑉𝐶1
𝐶1 = 𝐼𝐶1 = 𝐼𝐿2
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑉𝐶2
𝐶2 = 𝐼𝐶2 = 𝐼𝐷4
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑉𝐶3 (7)
𝐶3 = 𝐼𝐶3 = 𝐼𝐷4
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑉𝐶𝑂
{𝐶𝑜 𝑑𝑡
= 𝐼𝐶𝑂 = 𝐼𝑂

3.2. Second operating mode (𝐷𝑇𝑆 < 𝑡 < 𝑇𝑆 )

The switch is not conducting at this time, causing the diodes D1, D3, and D5 to be conductive while
the other two are non-conductive. The equivalent circuit is depicted in Figure 4(b). Consequently, L 1 and L2
function as a series-connected circuit. The energy that is stored in L1 and L2 is used to provide load support
through C2 and D5, as well as to charge C1 and C2 to transfer their energy. Applying KVL at the outer loop in
Figure 4(b), potential difference across the inductor can be expressed as (8).

𝑉𝐿1 + 𝑉𝐿2 = 𝑉𝑖𝑛 − 𝑉𝐶3 (8)

Where in the inner loop it can be written as (9).

𝑉𝐿2 = 𝑉𝐶1 − 𝑉𝐶3 (9)

The potential difference across the capacitor can be expressed as (10).

𝑉𝐶2 = 𝑉𝐶0 = 𝑉0 (10)

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Applying KCL, capacitor, diode, and inductor current relationship can be written as (11).
𝑑𝑉𝐶1
𝐶1 = 𝐼𝐶1 = 𝐼𝐿1 − 𝐼𝐿2
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑉𝐶2
𝐶2 = 𝐼𝐶2 = 𝐼𝐿2 − 𝐼𝐷3 (11)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑉𝐶0
{𝐶0 𝑑𝑡
𝐼𝐶0 = 𝐼𝐷5 − 𝐼0

3.3. Derivation of voltage gain

For inductive voltage volt second balance over one switching cycle is zero. Utilizing (4) and (6)
equation it can be written as (12).
𝑇 𝑆
∫0 𝑉𝐿1 (𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = 0
𝑉𝑖𝑛 𝐷𝑇𝑆 + (𝑉𝑖𝑛 − 𝑉𝐶1 )((1 − 𝐷)𝑇𝑆 = 0
𝑉𝑖𝑛 𝐷𝑇𝑆 + (𝑉𝑖𝑛 − 𝑉𝐶1 )(𝑇𝑆 − 𝐷𝑇𝑆 ) = 0
𝑉𝑖𝑛 − 𝑉𝐶1 + 𝐷𝑉𝐶1 = 0
𝑉𝑖𝑛 = 𝑉𝐶1 (1 − 𝐷)

∴ 𝑉𝑖𝑛 = 𝑉𝐶1 (1 − 𝐷) (12)

From (2) and (4) volt second balance can be written as (13).
𝑇𝑆
∫0 𝑉𝐿2 (𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = 0
𝑉𝐶1 𝐷𝑇𝑆 + (𝑉𝐶1 − 𝑉𝐶3 )((1 − 𝐷)𝑇𝑆 = 0
𝑉𝐶1 𝐷𝑇𝑆 + (𝑉𝐶1 − 𝑉𝐶3 )(𝑇𝑆 − 𝐷𝑇𝑆 ) = 0
𝑉𝐶1 𝑇𝑆 − 𝑉𝐶3 𝑇𝑆 (1 − 𝐷) = 0
𝑉𝐶1 𝑇𝑆 = 𝑉𝐶3 𝑇𝑆 (1 − 𝐷)
𝑉𝐶1 = 𝑉𝐶3 (1 − 𝐷)

∴ 𝑉𝐶1 = 𝑉𝐶3 (1 − 𝐷) (13)

Putting the value of VC1 in (12):

𝑉𝑖𝑛 = 𝑉𝐶1 (1 − 𝐷)
𝑉𝑖𝑛 = (1 − 𝐷)𝑉𝐶3 (1 − 𝐷)
𝑉𝑖𝑛 = (1 − 𝐷)2 𝑉0
𝑉0 1
= 2
𝑉𝑖𝑛 (1−𝐷)

Using a voltage doubler circuit, the final equation will be (14).

𝑉0 1
=2 (14)
𝑉𝑖𝑛 (1−𝐷)2

3.4. Equation of voltage stress on semiconductor components

Applying KVL, the voltage stress across the non-conducting element can be calculated. Hence the
voltage between a switch and a diode, when they are not conducting, is given as (15).

𝑉𝐷1 = 𝑉𝑃𝑉
𝑉𝑆𝑤 = 𝑉𝐷3 = 𝑉𝐷5
𝑉𝐷4 = 𝑉𝐶2
𝑉𝐷2 = 𝑉𝐿2
𝑉𝐷5 = 𝑉𝐶0 (15)

3.5. Equitation of circuit parameters

Usually, the amount of ripple (between 5 and 10%) of the notional output current is taken into account
to find the ideal size and loss for the converter.
𝑉𝑃𝑉
𝐿1 = 𝐷 (16)
𝐹𝑠 𝛥𝐼𝐿1

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2210  ISSN: 2088-8694

𝑉𝐶1
𝐿2 = 𝐷 (17)
𝐹𝑠 𝛥𝐼𝐿2

Similarly, using the capacitor's rated voltage output as a starting point, a capacitor voltage fluctuation
value of [5–10%] is assumed.
𝐼0 𝐷
𝛥𝑄 = (18)
𝐹𝑆

𝛥𝑄
𝛥𝑉𝐶 = (19)
𝐶

𝐼0 𝐷
𝐶= (20)
𝛥𝑉𝐶 𝐹𝑆

4. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.1. Result analysis
To verify the theoretical findings, the design of the suggested converter circuit is developed and tested
with MATLAB Simulink. The PV source used for simulation in MATLAB has a single parallel string and a
single series-connected module per string. The values of the elements used for simulation are given in
Table 1. Figures 6 show that the data used for simulation was a flawless convention for (a) PV source input
and (b) converter output, producing the desired outcomes (Vout, Iout, and Pout) with a high level of efficiency.

Table 1. Parameters value chosen for simulation

Module type AI green technology A10J-S72_175
Maximum Power 175 W
Cells per module 72
The voltage at the MPP 36.63 V
Current at the MPP 4.78 A
VOC 43.99 V
ISC 5.17 A
Solar irradiance 1000 W/m2
Temperature 25 °C
Inductor L1, L2 200 µH
Capacitor C1 C2 C3 Co 1000 µF

(a) (b)

Figure 6. Power, voltage, and current output of (a) PV source and (b) converter of the proposed design

Figure 7 stated that, simulation and theoretical waveforms of the diodes current complies each other
for D1, D2, D3 and D4. Furthermore, Figure 8 illustrate the proposed DC-DC converter's simulation results for
voltage across capacitors C1, and C2 using the components and values listed in Table 1

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Int J Pow Elec & Dri Syst ISSN: 2088-8694  2211

for 36 V input. It is evident from the zoom view of the signal that the proposed circuit’s simulation waveforms
follow the theoretical waveform. To ensure more acceptability of the recommended circuit, the proposed design
has been utilized with a battery source too. However, the inclusion of a battery source provides a more precise
output which is displayed in Figure 9 in terms of input output voltage and current. The high fluctuation presents
in inductor current and PV voltage in existing topology compares to the proposed topology is visible in
Figure 10 to Figure 12 respectively.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Figure 7. Waveshape of current carrying by diode (a) D1, (b) D2, (c) D3, and (d) D4 the proposed topology

(a)

(b)

Figure 8. The waveform of voltage across the capacitor (a) C 1 and (b) (C2) of the proposed topology
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2212  ISSN: 2088-8694

Figure 9. Input-output voltage and current of the proposed configuration with a battery source

(a) (b)

Figure 10. Power, voltage, and current output of (a) photovoltaic source and (b) SI converter [27]

(a) (b)

Figure 11. Power, voltage, and current output of (a) PV and (b) quadratic high gain cell converter [24]

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Int J Pow Elec & Dri Syst ISSN: 2088-8694  2213

(a) (b)

Figure 12. Power, voltage, and current output of (a) PV and (b) quadratic converter [28]

4.2. Comparative Analysis

In this study, a comparative analysis of the suggested converter and other existing technologies is
performed based on key indicators, such as the number of inductors, capacitors, diodes, and switches, as well
as the effectiveness of maximum power tracking. The results demonstrate the proposed topology has a distinct
advantage in efficiently tracking maximum power, while other configurations struggle to meet this
requirement. This observation is depicted in Figure 13. Additionally, Figures 14(a) and 14(b) presents a
comparison of the voltage gain and conversion efficiency of the suggested topology with other designs. The
supremacy of the proposed design with battery source in terms of efficiency and gain is shown in Figures 15(a)
and 15(b) individually. Despite using fewer components than the suggested converter, the topology in [19]
cannot achieve a significant voltage gain. A converter presented in [30] is exposed to extremely high voltage
stress, including a poor voltage conversion ratio. The topologies suggested in [31], [32] can achieve a high gain
in terms of voltage. Nevertheless, these topologies have required more components, and the switch is under
severe voltage stress. In contrast to the suggested scheme, most topologies have reduced voltage gains and
efficiencies for both PV and battery sources.

Figure 13. MPPT comparison of various topology

(a) (b)

Figure 14. Efficiency comparison of existing and proposed converter in terms:

(a) voltage gain and (b) efficiency

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2214  ISSN: 2088-8694

(a) (b)

Figure 15. Performance comparison of various topology in terms of (a) efficiency and (b) voltage gain
utilizing battery source

5. CONCLUSION
The present study details the design, development, and circuit analysis of a transformer less high step-
up, non-isolated DC-DC chopper that is specifically tailored for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed
chopper is capable of achieving high gain using only a single switch and a quadratic cell-based VDC. At a duty
ratio of 0.5, the voltage gain of the chopper is reported to be around eight times higher and even more at
increased duty ratios when connected to a battery source, which is noticeably higher when compared to other
converters. While incorporating a PV source, reduced fluctuation in current has been evaluated. Reduced
voltage stress between capacitors influences the choice of low-power rating capacitors, increasing the
converter's effectiveness (more than 90%) and reducing its cost. The proposed configuration is working
efficiently for the PV and battery sources. Utilization of the P&O-based MPPT algorithm did not affect
transformation efficiency; rather, other performance parameters improved significantly. Considering all these
benefits, the proposed chopper can be implemented to step up the input voltage for applications requiring
medium power.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors acknowledge the support from the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)
Engineering Merit Scholarship 2021.

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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS

Khadiza Akter received an engineering degree in Electrical and Electronic

Engineering from the International University of Business Agriculture Technology (IUBAT)
of Bangladesh in 2011, She received her Master's degree in Power electronics from the Faculty
of EEE from Islamic University of Technology (IUT) in 2018. She worked as an Assistant
Professor at IUBAT from January 2019 to January 2022. Previously she served as a Lecturer
at the same department from March 18, 2012 and subsequently promoted to Senior Lecturer
and Assistant Professor. Currently, she is working as Research Assistant at the Laboratory of
Power electronics and renewable energy research-Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Her research interests include
power electronics, renewable energy, and batteries. She can be contacted at email:
khadiza@iubat.edu.

Performance inspection of high gain chopper designed to extract optimum output … (Khadiza Akter)
2216  ISSN: 2088-8694

S. M. A. Motakabber is an Associate Professor at the Department of Electrical and

Computer Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia, received the BSc
(Honours) and Master's degrees from the University of Rajshahi in 1986 and 1987, and Ph. D
from University Kebangsaan Malaysia in 2011. He served as a scientific officer at the Bangladesh
Atomic Energy Commission, and Bangladesh Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka from
1991-1992 and 1992-1993, respectively. He started his teaching career as a lecturer in the
Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, University of Rajshahi in 1993. The following
year he was appointed an Assistant Professor in the same department. He joined as an Associate
Professor in the Department of Computer and Communication Engineering at International
Islamic University Chittagong in 2003; also served as Head of the Department and Dean of the
Engineering Faculty. He can be contacted at email: amotakabber@iium.edu.my.

A. H. M. Zahirul Alam received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical and
Electronic Engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)
in 1984 and 1987, respectively. He obtained his Doctor of Engineering degree from Kanazawa
University, Japan in 1996. He was working as a faculty member in BUET from 1985 to 1991
and from 1996 to March 2002. He became a professor in BUET in 1999. He worked in the
MIRAI project in Low-k group in Advanced Semiconductor Research Center, Tsukuba, Japan
through Japan Science and Technology fellow from April 2002 to October 2003. He is
currently serving as a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Faculty
of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). His research interest
includes electronic device modeling and fabrication, RF devices and MEMS, Energy
harvesting system, antenna and communication devices. He can be contacted at email:
zahirulalam@iium.edu.my.

Siti Hajar Yusoff a former student of Kolej Yayasan UEM (KYUEM), Lembah
Beringin. She obtained first class with honors in her MEng Degree (First Class Hons)
(Electrical Engineering) and Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical& Electronic Engineering from
the University of Nottingham, UK. Currently, she is attached to the Department of Electrical
and Computer Engineering. Her specialization is in the area of power electronics and nonlinear
control systems. Her research interests include wireless power transfer in electric vehicles
(EV), energy management systems, renewable energy, microgrid, and IoT. She can be
contacted at email: sitiyusoff@iium.edu.my.

Sajib Ahmed received a B.Sc. degree in electrical and electronic engineering

from the Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology (CUET), Bangladesh, in 2010.
He is currently pursuing a master's in engineering from the Universiti Malaya, Malaysia in the
department of electrical engineering. He has been associated with the Power Electronics and
Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (PEARL), Universiti Malaya as a Graduate Research
Assistant (GRA) since 2021. His research interests include renewable energy, solar-based dc-
dc power converter topologies, maximum power point tracking, and energy efficiency. He can
be contacted at email: s2034831@siswa.um.edu.my.

Tania Annur received an engineering degree in Electrical and Electronic

Engineering from the Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology (AUST) of
Bangladesh in 2003, She received her Master's degree in Power electronics from the Faculty
of EEE from Islamic University of Technology (IUT) in 2021. She worked as a Lecturer at
Shanto Mariam University of Creative Technology (SMUCT), Bangladesh in CSE department
from 2021 to till now. Previously she served as a Lecturer in City University, Bangladesh at
EEE department from August 17, 2017. Her research interests include power electronics,
renewable energy. She can be contacted at email: tania.annur1@gmail.com.

Int J Pow Elec & Dri Syst, Vol. 14, No. 4, December 2023: 2204-2216