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EDITED BY ELLEKE BOEHMER
P L A N N E D
V I O L E N C E
POST/COLONIAL URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE,
Planned Violence
Post/Colonial Urban Infrastructure, Literature
and Culture
Editors
Elleke Boehmer Dominic Davies
English Faculty City, University of London
University of Oxford London, UK
Oxford, UK
Cover illustration: JULIE MEHRETU, Mogamma (A Painting in Four Parts): Part 3, 2012
Ink and acrylic on canvas, 180 x 144 in., 457.2 x 365.8 cm.
Courtesy of the Artist; Marian Goodman Gallery and White Cube.
Photo credit: Ben Westoby
This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature
Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Acknowledgements
v
vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
the Network. Thanks also to Erica for the series of five beautiful posters
she created for the project workshops. We are very grateful to her for her
energies and vision. Elleke and Dom would also like to thank the friends
and colleagues who helped us create the photo-essays with which we
image-mapped social and economic divisions in the cities of Johannesburg,
Oxford, and Milton Keynes, especially Charne Lavery and Alex Tickell.
Further thanks to Alex also for his photos of Mumbai, to Nicholas Simcik
Arese for his of Cairo, and to Bradley Garrett for his of London. Bradley’s
photos are also featured in this book.
Across the two years of the project, we held four workshops on three
continents (at KCL, JNU, WISER, and Oxford), and a final closing key-
note lecture accompanied by a photo exhibition that took place at the
University of Warwick. With the support of The Oxford Research Centre
in the Humanities (TORCH) and the British Council (USA), we were
also able to hold two follow-up workshops under the network title
‘Divided Cities: Culture, Infrastructure and the Urban Future’. Our grati-
tude goes to both TORCH and the British Council (USA) and to Victoria
McGuinness, in particular. Further thanks also to TORCH for hosting the
‘Planned Violence’ exhibition after its launch at Warwick. The exhibition
included images from our photo-essays, 2015–2016, professionally pre-
pared as posters by Ruth Scobie.
A wide range of researchers as well as independent scholars, writers,
dramatists, performance poets, city anthropologists, and visual artists par-
ticipated in the project across its two years. We are privileged to include a
sample of their vigorous and wide-ranging work in between these covers.
We are also grateful to all our contributors for their patience through the
sometimes drawn-out process of putting this book together. We should
like to acknowledge our gratitude to everyone for their involvement by
naming all the ‘Planned Violence’ workshop participants here, in alpha-
betical order: Ackbar Abbas, Nicholas Simcik Arese, James Attlee and
Non-Stop Tango, Kanika Batra, Debaditya Bhattacharya, Lipi Biswas,
Mita Bose, Sid Bose, Keith Breckenridge, Terence Cave, Grégoire
Chamayou, Sharad Chari, Vibha Chauhan, Brian Chikwava, Imraan
Coovadia, Tom Cowan, Selma Dabbagh, Rana Dasgupta, Bob Eaglestone,
Tunde Euba, Matt Feldman, Corinne Fowler, Bradley Garrett, Claudia
Gastrow, Mark Gevisser, Divya Ghelani, Vishwajyoti Ghosh, William
Ghosh, Paul Gilroy, David Theo Goldberg, Ananya Dutta Gupta, Narayani
Gupta, Sarah Harrison, Sohail Hashmi, Tonica Hunter, Jeremy James and
GLYPT, Manju Kapur, Michael Keith, Stuti Khanna, Kavita Krishnan,
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii
Loren Kruger, Ole Birk Laursen, Louisa Layne, Stephen Legg, Bettina
Malcomess, Zen Marie, Maurizio Marinelli, Achille Mbembe, Kei Miller,
Ankhi Mukherjee, Courttia Newland, Sarah Nuttall, Bodh Prakash, Rina
Ramdev, Mike Rubenstein, Someshwar Sati, Aman Sethi, Rachna Sethi,
Yasmin Sidhwa and the Pegasus Theatre Group including Louis Rogers,
Iain Sinclair, Preeti Singh, Florian Stadtler, SuAndi, Julie Taylor, Stephen
Tuck, Jo Tyabji, Eyal Weizman, James Whitfield, and of course, the core
project group. We would like especially to remember the late Jan-Georg
Deutsch, who contributed to the final Oxford workshop with his usual
mix of energy, critical vigour, and humour.
Finally, Elleke would like to thank Steven Matthews and Thomas and
Sam Matthews Boehmer for their support and interest throughout, and
Dom is as ever grateful to Emma Parker, Jane Barber, and Simon and Ruth
Davies. Thanks from us both to those always ready to rally round in
Brighton, London, the Hague, and Oxford.
ix
x Contents
12 Blue Johannesburg213
Pamila Gupta
20 Afterword331
Sarah Nuttall
Index 341
Notes on Contributors
xiii
xiv NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS
novel from 1922 to 1965, and is generously funded by the Irish Research
Council. He was one of the organisers of the Institutions and Ireland
series in 2016, and in 2017 he was a visiting fellow at the University of São
Paulo under the auspices of the SPeCTReSS project.
Ruvani Ranasinha is Senior Lecturer in Postcolonial Literatures at
King’s College London. She was a member of the working group of the
Leverhulme-funded International Network, ‘Planned Violence: Post/
Colonial Urban Infrastructures and Literature’ (2014–2016). Her
research focuses on South Asian writing, postcolonial book history, and
transnational feminism. She is the author of Hanif Kureishi (2002), South
Asian Writers in Twentieth-Century Britain: Culture in Translation
(2007), Contemporary Diasporic South Asian Women’s Fiction: Gender,
Narration and Globalisation (Palgrave, 2016), and the lead editor of
South Asians and the Shaping of Britain, 1870–1950 (2012). She is an
associate editor of the Journal of Postcolonial Writing and on the edito-
rial board of the feminist digital humanities project Orlando.
Michael Rubenstein is Associate Professor of English at Stony Brook
University. His book, Public Works: Infrastructure, Irish Modernism, and
the Postcolonial, received the Modernist Studies Association Prize for Best
Book in 2011. He co-edited, and co-wrote the introduction to a 2015
special issue of MFS Modern Fiction Studies on ‘Infrastructuralism’. His
2017 essay, ‘Life Support: Energy, Environment, and Infrastructure in the
Novels of Mohsin Hamid’, appears in the online journal Post45.
Nicholas Simcik Arese is Postdoctoral Research Associate at ESRC
Urban Transformations (Anthropology, University of Oxford) and
Research Associate at the Oxford Programme for the Future of Cities. A
legal geographer and architect, his current ethnography explores concep-
tions of rights, ownership, and law by homebuyers and squatters in a gated
community during Egypt’s 2011–13 revolutionary period. He trained at
the Architectural Association and in 2017 completed a DPhil at the
University of Oxford.
Alex Tickell is Senior Lecturer in English and Director of the Postcolonial
Literatures Research Group at the Open University, UK. His research
interests include the history of Anglophone literary cultures in South Asia
and contemporary Indian fiction in English. He is author of Terrorism,
Insurgency and Indian-English Literature, 1830–1947 (2012) and a guide
to Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things (2007), and is, more recently,
NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS xix
xxi
xxii List of Figures
Fig. 8.2 Film still from Whole in the Wall (2013). (Courtesy of Khaled
Jarrar and the Ayyam Gallery) 143
Fig. 8.3 Film still from Infiltrators (2012). (Courtesy of Khaled Jarrar
and the Ayyam Gallery) 144
Fig. 8.4 Film still from Journey 110 (2008). (Courtesy of Khaled Jarrar
and the Ayyam Gallery) 146
Fig. 8.5 Film still from Infiltrators (2012). (Courtesy of Khaled Jarrar
and the Ayyam Gallery) 149
Fig. 12.1 Photo taken by the author 215
Fig. 12.2 Photo taken by the author 219
Fig. 12.3 Photo taken by the author 222
Fig. 12.4 Photo taken by the author 225
Fig. 12.5 Photo taken by the author 228
CHAPTER 1
E. Boehmer (*)
English Faculty, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
e-mail: elleke.boehmer@ell.ox.ac.uk
D. Davies
City, University of London, London, UK
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