The Download Test Bank For Microeconomics 11th Edition Slavin 007764154X 9780077641542 Full Chapter New 2024

Test Bank for Microeconomics 11th
Edition Slavin 007764154X

9780077641542
Go to download the full and correct content document:
https://testbankpack.com/download/test-bank-for-microeconomics-11th-edition-slavin-
007764154x-9780077641542/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...
Test Bank for Macroeconomics 11th Edition Slavin

0077641558 9780077641559
https://testbankpack.com/download/test-bank-for-
macroeconomics-11th-edition-slavin-0077641558-9780077641559/
Test Bank for Economics 11th Edition by Slavin ISBN

0078021804 9780078021800
https://testbankpack.com/download/test-bank-for-economics-11th-
edition-by-slavin-isbn-0078021804-9780078021800/
Solution Manual for Economics 11th Edition by Slavin

ISBN 0078021804 9780078021800
https://testbankpack.com/download/solution-manual-for-
economics-11th-edition-by-slavin-isbn-0078021804-9780078021800/
Test Bank for Microeconomics 11th Edition Michael

Parkin 0133019942 9780133019940
microeconomics-11th-edition-michael-
parkin-0133019942-9780133019940/
Test Bank for Microeconomics A Contemporary
Introduction 11th Edition McEachern 1305505530
9781305505537
https://testbankpack.com/download/test-bank-for-microeconomics-a-
contemporary-introduction-11th-edition-
mceachern-1305505530-9781305505537/
Test Bank for Principles of Microeconomics 11th Edition

Case Fair Oster 0133024164 9780133024166
https://testbankpack.com/download/test-bank-for-principles-of-
microeconomics-11th-edition-case-fair-
oster-0133024164-9780133024166/
Solution Manual for Microeconomics A Contemporary

Introduction 11th Edition McEachern 1305505530
9781305505537
https://testbankpack.com/download/solution-manual-for-
microeconomics-a-contemporary-introduction-11th-edition-
mceachern-1305505530-9781305505537/
Test Bank for Microeconomics 9th Edition Colander

0077501802 9780077501808
microeconomics-9th-edition-colander-0077501802-9780077501808/
Test Bank for Microeconomics 12th Edition Arnold

1285738357 9781285738352
microeconomics-12th-edition-arnold-1285738357-9781285738352/
Test Bank for Microeconomics 11th Edition Slavin 007764154X
9780077641542
Full link download
Test Bank:
https://testbankpack.com/p/test-bank-for-microeconomics-11th-edition-
slavin-007764154x-9780077641542/
Chapter 02
Resource Utilization
Multiple Choice Questions
The United States economy operates on its production possibility curve.
Always
Sometimes
Never
Which statement is true?
Entrepreneurial ability is in short supply in the U.S.
Land, labor and capital may be considered passive resources.
The concept of opportunity cost is irrelevant when there is scarcity.
None of these statements are true.
In the United States' economy
there is no need to economize.
we rarely have to economize.
only the rich have to economize.

nearly everyone has to economize.
2-1
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
The term "the affluent society" was coined by
Michael Harrington.
John Kenneth Galbraith.
Karl Marx.
Adam Smith.
Each of the following is an example of an economic resource except
land.
money.
capital.
labor.
The United States' economy would be operating at full employment with labor unemployment
rate of percent and a capacity utilization rate of percent.
5; 95
5; 85
10; 95
10; 85
On the production possibilities frontier there is zero unemployment.
On the production possibilities frontier 95 percent of the labor force is employed.
To get out of a recession, we must produce at some point beyond our production
possibilities frontier.
To have economic growth, we must push the production possibilities frontier inward.
2-2
In order to raise the rate of economic growth we would need to
increase the level of capital.
reduce the level of labor.
spend more on military goods.
spend more on consumer goods.
The main reason the United States' standard of living is higher than that of India and China is
that we have more
land.
labor.
capital.
money.
it is easier to attain full employment than full production.
employment discrimination no longer exists in the U.S. labor market.
The United States is usually operating on the production possibilities frontier.
The main effect of employment discrimination is
Unemployment.
Underemployment.
Greater efficiency.
Greater production.
2-3
The United States temporarily operated outside the production possibilities frontier in
1933.
1943.
1973.
1982.
The economic problem is limited to poverty.
Scarcity is no longer an economic problem in the United States.
If we all had more money there would be less scarcity.
The United States is usually inside our production possibilities curve.
The United States is usually outside our production possibilities curve.
The United States is usually on our production possibilities curve.
None of the statements are true.

2-4
15.
Which movement between two points represents economic growth?
A. J to K
B. K to L
C. L to M
D. M to N
2-5
16.
Assuming the inner curve is the United States' current production possibilities frontier, the
United States' economy usually operates at .
A. Point P
B. Point O
C. Point N
D. Point L
2-6
17.
Assuming the inner curve is the United States' current production possibilities frontier, points J,
N and K represent
A. an inefficient use of resources.
B. an output that is not possible to produce.
C. points of unemployed resources.
D. points of fully employed resources.
2-7
18.
Assuming the inner curve is the United States' current production possibilities frontier, which of
the following points would eventually lead to the greatest level of economic growth?
A. Point J
B. Point N
C. Point K
D. Point P
2-8
19.
A movement from point J to point M would represent
A. an increase in consumer goods, but not capital goods.
B. an increase in capital goods, but not consumer goods.
C. an increase in both capital goods and consumer goods.
D. no increase in either capital goods or consumer goods.
2-9
20.
A movement from point N to point L would represent
A. an increase in both consumer goods and capital goods.
B. a decrease in both consumer goods and capital goods.
C. an increase in consumer goods, but a decrease in capital goods.
D. an increase in capital goods, but a decrease in consumer goods.
2-10
21.
The opportunity cost of a movement from point N to J would
A. be the lost production of some capital goods.
B. be the lost production of some consumer goods.
C. be slower economic growth in the future.
D. not involve any sacrifice of either capital or consumer goods.
If a nation is currently operating at a point inside its production possibilities curve, it
can increase the output of one good without decreasing the output of the other good.
has fully employed resources.
has no inefficiently employed resources.
is operating at full potential.
Which of the following is not demonstrated by a production possibility curve?
scarcity
opportunity cost
necessity for choice due to scarcity
price
2-11
People are forced to economize because of
competition.
pressure to conform.
scarcity.
the absence of money.
The United States' basic economic problem would be solved if
everyone were given $500,000.
the population stopped growing.
all sickness and disease were wiped out.
our wants could be satisfied with available resources.
If the economy is operating at a 7 percent unemployment rate we are operating
inside the production possibilities curve.
on the production possibilities curve.
outside the production possibilities curve.

2-12
27.
In 1939 the U.S. economy was operating at point .
2-13
28.
In 1944 the U.S. economy was temporarily operating at point .
We can increase the United States' rate of economic growth by
devoting more output to capital goods.
devoting more output to improving our technology.
devoting more output to improving the quality of our labor force.
all of the choices are true.
If an assumption is made that a society is operating on its production possibilities curve, an outward
shift of the curve implies
economic growth has occurred.
the society is making more efficient use of its available resources.
consumer demand has increased.
the present value of capital resources has increased.

2-14
Resources include
land, labor and money.
entrepreneurship and capital.
capital and money.
corporations and partnerships.
The study of economics
is a very narrow endeavor.
is a way of analyzing decision-making processes caused by scarcity.
focuses on how a business should function.
is concerned with proving that capitalism is better than socialism.
Economic growth can be shown by production possibilities curve.
an outward shift of the
an inward shift of the
a movement from one point to another along the
a movement to a point inside the
Economic growth is difficult for poor countries because
governments must fund capital production and research out of tax revenues.
resources must be taken away from consumer goods to pay for capital goods.
those wealthy enough to invest in domestic industries may choose to invest abroad instead.
All of the choices are true.

2-15
The United States economy is generally operating the production possibilities curve.
inside
outside
on
Economic growth occurs when
a large part of a country's population is poor.
a society sacrifices an amount of one good for more of another along its production
possibility frontier.
a society acquires additional resources or when its technology advances.
there is unemployment of labor but other resources are used efficiently.
If you own a building and you decide to use that building to open a restaurant,
there are no sunk costs involved in this decision.
there is no opportunity cost of using this building for a restaurant because you own it.
the only cost relevant to this decision is the price you paid for the building.
there is an opportunity cost of using this building for a restaurant because it could have
been used in other ways.
Which of the following is an example of opportunity cost?
The income that could have been earned by working full-time instead of going to college.
The decline in the grades of a student athlete that occurs because she decides to spend more
time practicing sports than on her academic work.
The value of other things you could have done with the same time and money it cost you to
go to the movies.
All of the choices are examples of opportunity cost.

2-16
The opportunity cost for a student of attending college for a year is measured by
the benefit received by the student.
the tuition paid for the year.
the value of the most valued opportunity foregone by attending college.
the total money outlays associated with attending college.
The economic problem is essentially one of deciding how to make the best use of
limited resources to satisfy limited wants.
unlimited resources to satisfy limited wants.
limited resources to satisfy unlimited wants.
unlimited resources to satisfy unlimited wants.
Jeff's entertainment budget is divided between $8 movie tickets and $40 hockey tickets. The
opportunity cost to Jeff of going to an extra hockey game is
four fewer $10 pizzas.
five movies.
20 DVD rentals (costing $2 each).
An inward shift in the entire production possibilities frontier
represents economic growth.
means that the economy can produce more of both goods.
takes place if there is an expansion in the labor force.
means that previous levels of production are now unobtainable.

2-17
Entrepreneurship is
the financial capital necessary to launch a new business.
the talent to develop new products and processes and to organize production to make
goods and services available.
unskilled labor.
the capital resources used to produce goods and services.
Which of the following statements about the concept of opportunity cost is true?
The opportunity cost of a decision only includes monetary outlays.
The opportunity cost of a decision is the next best foregone alternative.
All decisions have zero opportunity cost.
The opportunity cost of a college education is measured by the payments for tuition and books.
The statement "By the time our grandchildren are born, scarcity will not be a problem" is
possible only if technology advances at a great pace.
true, because we will learn to limit our wants in the future.
true, because by that time everyone's basic needs will be met.
false, because people always want more than there is available.
The opportunity cost of producing one additional truck is
the profit that could have been earned from selling that truck.
the amount of other goods that could not be produced because productive resources were
used instead to produce that truck.
the price of the truck.

2-18
The reason that opportunity costs arise is that
people have unlimited wants.
there are no alternative decisions that could be made.
an economy relies on money to facilitate exchange of goods and services.
resources are scarce.
A small economy produces only pizzas and jeans. If an economy is operating inside its production
possibility frontier, which of the following statements is true?
it will be possible to produce more pizzas without decreasing the production of jeans.
the economy will be operating at a point on its production possibilities curve.
the economy will be operating at a point outside its production possibilities curve.
it will not be possible to produce more jeans or pizzas.
If an economy is operating on its production possibility frontier, which of the following statements is
true?
Products are produced using inefficient production technology.
The capacity utilization rate is less than full production.
The economy's labor force is fully employed.
A fall in the price of an input will enable the economy to produce outside the
production possibility frontier.
Which of the following is not a factor of production?
Land
Money
Capital
Labor
2-19
The existence of unemployment can be illustrated on a production possibilities curve by a(n)
point below or inside the surface of the curve.
inward shift of the curve.
movement along the curve.
outward shift of the curve.
Which of the following will shift an economy's production possibilities curve outward?
An improvement in technology
An increase in the unemployment rate
A decrease in land, labor or capital
A decrease in the unemployment rate
The production possibilities curve illustrates the basic principle that
an economy's capacity to produce increases in proportion to its population size.
if all the resources of an economy are in use, more of one good can be produced only if less of
another good is produced.
an economy will automatically seek that level of output at which all of its resources are
employed.
the production of more of any one good will in time require smaller and smaller sacrifices
of other goods.
A point along a production possibilities curve shows
that in order to acquire more of one good, none of the alternative good must be given up.
that in order to acquire more of one good, some of the alternative good must be given up.
that any amount of goods could be produced by society if people worked harder.
various combinations of guns and butter that can be produced under conditions of 6
percent unemployment.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
many instances the lack of teachers is greater in those
provinces which are most thickly populated and whose people
are most highly civilized. …
"While most of the small towns have one teacher of each sex,
in the larger towns and cities no adequate provision is made
for the increased teaching force necessary; so that places of
30,000 or 40,000 inhabitants are often no better off as
regards number of teachers than are other places in the same
province of but 1,500 or 2,000 souls. The hardship thus
involved for children desiring a primary education will be
better understood if one stops to consider the nature of the
Philippine 'pueblo,' which is really a township, often
containing within its limits a considerable number of distinct
and important villages or towns, from the most important of
which the township takes its name. The others, under distinct
names, are known as 'barrios,' or wards. It is often quite
impossible for small children to attend school at the
particular town which gives its name to the township on
account of their distance from it. …
"The character and amount of the instruction which has

heretofore been furnished is also worthy of careful
consideration. The regulations for primary schools were as
follows: 'Instruction in schools for natives shall for the
present be reduced to elementary primary instruction and shall
consist of—
1. Christian doctrine and principles of morality and sacred

history suitable for children.
2. Reading.
3. Writing.
4. Practical instruction in Spanish, including grammar

and orthography.
5. Principles of arithmetic, comprising the four rules for
figures, common fractions, decimal fractions, and instruction
in the metric system with its equivalents in ordinary weights
and measures.
6. Instruction in general geography and Spanish history.
7. Instruction in practical agriculture as applied to the

products of the country.
8. Rules of deportment.
9. Vocal music.'
"It will be noted that education in Christian doctrine is

placed before reading and writing, and, if the natives are to
be believed, in many of the more remote districts instruction
began and ended with this subject and was imparted in the
local native dialect at that. It is further and persistently
charged that the instruction in Spanish was in very many cases
purely imaginary, because the local friars, who were formerly
'ex officio' school inspectors, not only prohibited it, but
took active measures to enforce their dictum. … Ability to
read and write a little of the local native language was
comparatively common. Instruction in geography was extremely
superficial. As a rule no maps or charts were available, and
such information as was imparted orally was left to the memory
of the pupil, unaided by any graphic method of presentation.
The only history ever taught was that of Spain, and that under
conventional censorship. The history of other nations was a
closed volume to the average Filipino. … The course as above
outlined was that prescribed for boys. Girls were not given
instruction in geography, history, or agriculture, but in
place of these subjects were supposed to receive instruction
'in employments suitable to their sex.'
"It should be understood that the criticisms which have been
here made apply to the provincial schools. The primary
instruction given at the Ateneo Municipal at Manila, under the
direction of the Jesuits, fulfilled the requirements of the
law, and in some particulars exceeded them. … The only
official institution for secondary education in the
Philippines was the College of San Juan de Letran, which was
in charge of the Dominican Friars and was under the control of
the university authorities. Secondary education was also given in
the Ateneo Municipal of Manila, by the Jesuit Fathers, and
this institution was better and more modern in its methods
than any other in the archipelago. But although the Jesuits
provided the instruction, the Dominicans held the
examinations. … There are two normal schools in Manila, one
for the education of male and the other for the education of
female teachers. … The only institutions for higher education
in the Philippines have been the Royal and Pontifical
University of Santo Tomas, and the Royal College of San José,
which has for the past twenty-five years been under the
direction of the university authorities."
Report of the Philippine Commission,

January 1, 1900, volume 1, part 3.
EDUCATION: Porto Rico: A. D. 1898.

Spanish schools and teachers.
See (in this volume)

PORTO RICO: A. D. 1898-1899 (AUGUST-JULY).
EDUCATION: Porto Rico: A. D. 1900.

First steps in the creation of a public school system.

PORTO RICO: A. D. 1900 (AUGUST-OCTOBER).
EDUCATION: Russia:
Student troubles in the universities.

RUSSIA: A. D. 1899 (FEBRUARY-JUNE); 1900; and 1901.
EDUCATION: Tunis:
Schools under the French Protectorate.

TUNIS: A. D. 1881-1898.
EDUCATION: United States:

Indian schools.

INDIANS, AMERICAN: A. D. 1899-1900.
EDUCATION: United States: A. D. 1896.

Princeton University.
The one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the founding of

the institution at Princeton, New Jersey, which had borne the
name of "The College of New Jersey," was celebrated on the
20th, 21st, and 22d of October, 1896, with ceremonies in which
many representatives from famous seats of learning in Europe
and America took part. The proceedings included a formal
change of name, to Princeton University.
{195}
EDUCATION: United States: A. D. 1900.

Women as students and as teachers.

NINETEENTH CENTURY: THE WOMAN'S CENTURY.
EDWARD VII., King of England.

Accession.
English estimate of his character.

ENGLAND: A. D. 1901 (JANUARY-FEBRUARY).
Opening of his first Parliament.

The Royal Test Oath.
EDWARD VII., King of England.

ENGLAND: A. D. 1901 (FEBRUARY).
----------EGYPT: Start--------
EGYPT:
Recent Archæological Explorations and their result.
Discovery of prehistoric remains.
Light on the first dynasties.

ARCHÆOLOGICAL RESEARCH: EGYPT: RESULTS.
EGYPT: A. D. 1885-1896.
Abandonment of the Egyptian Sudan to the Dervishes.
Death of the Mahdi and reign of the Khalifa.
Beginning of a new Anglo-Egyptian movement for
the recovery of the Sudan.
The expedition to Dongola.
After the failure to rescue General Gordon from the Mahdists

at Khartoum (see, in volume 1, EGYPT: A. D. 1884-1885), the
British government, embarrassed in other quarters, felt
compelled to evacuate the Sudan. Before it did so the Mahdi
had finished his career, having died of smallpox in June,
1885, and one of his three chief commanders, styled khalifas,
had acquired authority over the Dervish army and reigned in
his place. This was the Khalifa Abdullah, a chieftain of the
Baggara tribe. Khartoum had been destroyed, and Omdurman, on
the opposite side of the river, became his capital. The rule
of the Khalifa was soon made so cruelly despotic, and so much
in the interest of his own tribe, that incessant rebellions in
many parts of his dominions restrained him from any vigorous
undertaking of the conquest of Egypt, which was the great
object of Dervish desire. But his able and energetic
lieutenant in the Eastern Sudan, Osman Digna, was a serious
menace to the Egyptian forces holding Suakin, where Major
Watson, at first, and afterwards Colonel Kitchener, were
holding command, under General Grenfell, who was then the
Egyptian Sirdar, or military chief. Osman Digna, however, was
defeated in all his attempts. At the same time the Khalifa was
desperately at war with the Negus. John, of Abyssinia, who
fell in a great battle at Galabat (March, 1889), and whose
death at the crisis of the battle threw his army into
confusion and caused its defeat. Menelek, king of the
feudatory state of Shoa, acquired the Abyssinian crown, and
war with the Dervishes was stopped. Then they began an advance
down the Nile, and suffered a great defeat from the British
and Egyptian troops, at Toski, on the 17th of August, 1889.
From that time, for several years, "there was no real menace
to Egypt," and little was heard of the Khalifa. "His
territories were threatened on all sides: on the north by the
British in Egypt; on the south by the British in Uganda: on
the west by the Belgians in the Congo Free State, and by the
French in the Western Soudan; whilst the Italians held Kassala
on the east; so that the Khalifa preferred to husband his
resources until the inevitable day should arrive when he would
have to fight for his position."
A crisis in the situation came in 1896. The Egyptian army,

organized and commanded by British officers, had become a
strong fighting force, on which its leaders could depend. Its
Sirdar was now Major-General Sir Herbert Kitchener, who
succeeded General Grenfell in 1892. Suddenly there came news,
early in March, 1896, of the serious reverse which the
Italians had suffered at Adowa, in their war with the
Abyssinians (see, (in this volume) ITALY: A. D. 1895-1896).
"The consternation felt in England and Egypt at this disaster
deepened when it became known that Kassala, which was held by
the Italian forces, was hemmed in, and seriously threatened by
10,000 Dervishes, and that Osman Digna was marching there with
reinforcements. If Kassala fell into the hands of the
Dervishes, the latter would be let loose to overrun the Nile
valley on the frontier of Egypt, and threaten that country
itself. As if in anticipation of these reinforcements, the
Dervishes suddenly assumed an offensive attitude, and it was
rumoured that a large body of Dervishes were contemplating an
immediate advance on Egypt. … A totally new situation was now
created, and immediate action was rendered imperative.
Everything was ripe for an expedition up the Nile. Whilst
creating a diversion in favour of the Italians besieged at
Kassala, it afforded an opportunity of creating a stronger
barrier than the Wady Halfa boundary between Egypt and the
Dervishes, and it would moreover be an important step towards
the long-wished-for recovery of the Soudan. The announcement
of the contemplated expedition was made in the House of
Commons on the 17th of March, 1896, by Mr. Curzon,
Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs. It came as a great
surprise to the whole country, which, having heard so little
of the Dervishes of late years, was not prepared for a
recrudescence of the Soudan question. [But a vote of censure
on the Egyptian policy of the government, moved by Mr. John
Morley in the House of Commons, was rejected by 288 to 145.] …
"An unexpected difficulty arose in connection with the

financing of the expedition. This is explained very plainly
and concisely in the 'Annual Register,' 1896, which we quote
at length:—
'In order to defray the cost of the undertaking, it being

obviously desirable to impose as little strain as possible on
the slowly recovering finances of Egypt, it was determined by
the Egyptian Government to apply for an advance of £500,000
from the General Reserve Fund of the Caisse de la Dette, and
the authorities of the Caisse obligingly handed over the
money. … However, the French and Russian members of the Caisse
de la Dette protested against the loan which the Caisse had
made. … In December (1896) the International Court of Appeal
required the Egyptian Government to refund to the Caisse the
£500,000 which they had secured. The very next day Lord Cromer
offered an English loan to make good the advance. The Egyptian
Government accepted his offer, and repaid immediately the
£500,000 to the Caisse, and the result of this somewhat absurd
transaction is that England has thus strengthened her hold in
another small point on the Government of Egypt.'"
H. S. L. Alford, and W. D. Sword,

The Egyptian Soudan, its Loss and Recovery,
chapter 4 (London: Macmillan & Company).
{196}
On the 21st of March, the Sirdar left Cairo for Assouan and
Wady Halfa, and various Egyptian battalions were hurried up
the river. Meantime, the forces already on the frontier had
moved forward and taken the advanced post of the Dervishes, at
Akasheh. From that point the Sirdar was ready to begin his
advance early in June, and did so with two columns, a River
Column and a Desert Column, the latter including a camel corps
and a squadron of infantry mounted on camels, besides cavalry,
horse artillery and Maxim guns. Ferket, on the east bank of
the Nile, 16 miles from Akasheh, was taken after hard fighting
on the 7th of June, many of the Dervishes refusing quarter and
resisting to the death. They lost, it was estimated, 1,000
killed and wounded, and 500 were taken prisoners. The Egyptian
loss was slight. The Dervishes fell back some fifty miles, and
the Sirdar halted at Suarda during three months, while the
railroad was pushed forward, steamers dragged up the cataracts
and stores concentrated, the army suffering greatly, meantime,
from an alarming epidemic of cholera and from exhausting
labors in a season of terrific heat. In the middle of
September the advance was resumed, and, on the 23d, Dongola
was reached. Seeing themselves outnumbered, the enemy there
retreated, and the town, or its ruins, was taken with only a
few shots from the steamers on the river. "As a consequence of
the fall of Dongola every Dervish fled for his life from the
province. The mounted men made off across the desert direct to
Omdurman, and the foot soldiers took the Nile route to Berber,
always being careful to keep out of range of the gunboats,
which were prevented by the Fourth Cataract from pursuing them
beyond Merawi."
C. Hoyle,
The Egyptian Campaigns, new and revised edition,
to December, 1899, chapter 70-71.
The Emir who commanded at Dongola was a comparatively young

man, Mohammed Wad el Bishara, who seems to have been possessed
by a very genuinely religious spirit, as shown in the
following letter, which he had written to the Dervish
commander at Ferket, just before the battle there, and which
was found by the British officers when they entered that
place:
"You are, thank God, of good understanding, and are thoroughly

acquainted with those rules of religion which enjoin love and
unison. Thanks be to God that I hear but good reports of you.
But you are now close to the enemy of God, and have with you,
with the help of God, a sufficient number of men. I therefore
request you to unite together, to have the heart of a single
man founded on love and unity. Consult with one another, and
thus you will insure good results, which will strengthen the
religion and vex the heathen, the enemies of God. Do not move
without consulting one another, and such others, also, in the
army who are full of sense and wisdom. Employ their plans and
tricks of war, in the general fight more especially. Your
army, thank God, is large; if you unite and act as one hand,
your action will be regular: you will, with the help of God,
defeat the enemies of God and set at ease the mind of the
Khalifa, peace be on him! Follow this advice, and do not allow
any intrigues to come between you. Rely on God in all your
doings; be bold in all your dealings with the enemy; let them
find no flaw in your disposition for the fight. But be ever
most vigilant, for these enemies of God are cunning, may God
destroy them! Our brethren, Mohamed Koku, with two others,
bring you this letter; on their return they will inform me
whether you work in unison or not. Let them find you as
ordered in religion, in good spirits, doing your utmost to
insure the victory of religion. Remember, my brethren, that
what moves me to urge on you to love each other and to unite
is my love for you and my desire for your good. This is a
trial of war; so for us love and amity are of utmost
necessity. You were of the supporters of the Mahdi, peace be
on him! You were as one spirit occupying one body. When the
enemy know that you are quite united they will be much
provoked. Strive, therefore, to provoke these enemies of
religion. May God bless you and render you successful."
EGYPT: A. D. 1895.
New anti-slavery law.
A convention to establish a more effective anti-slavery law in

Egypt was signed on the 21st of November, 1895, "by the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, representing the Khedival
Government, and the British diplomatic agent and
consul-general. … This new convention will supplant that of
August 4, 1877, which … was found to be defective, inasmuch as
it provided no penalty for the purchaser of a slave, but for
the seller only. An Egyptian notable, Ali Pasha Cherif, at
that time president of the Legislative Council, was tried for
buying slaves for his household, but escaped punishment
through a technicality of the law hitherto escaping notice. …
Under the existing regulations, every slave in the Egyptian
dominions has the right to complete freedom, and may demand
his certificate of manumission whenever he chooses. Thus, all
domestic slaves, of whom there are thousands in Cairo,
Alexandria, and the large towns, may call upon their masters
to set them free. Many choose to remain in nominal bondage,
preferring the certainty of food and shelter to the hardships
and uncertainty of looking after themselves."
United States, Consular Reports,

March, 1896, page 370.
EGYPT: A. D. 1897.
Italian evacuation of Kassala, in the eastern Sudan.

ITALY: A. D. 1897.
EGYPT: A. D. 1897 (June).

Census.
A census of Egypt, taken on the 1st of June, 1897, showed a

population of 9,700,000, the area being Egypt up to Wady
Haifa. In 1882 an imperfect census gave six and three-quarter
millions. Twelve per cent. of the males can write, the rest
are totally illiterate. There are, it is said, about 40,000
persons not really Egyptians, but who come from other parts of
the Ottoman Empire. The Bedouin number 570,000, but of these
only 89,000 are really nomads, the rest being semi-sedentary.
Of foreign residents there are 112,500, of whom the Greeks,
the most numerous, number 38,000. Then come the Italians, with
24,500. The British (including 6,500 Maltese and 5,000 of the
Army of Occupation) are 19,500; and the French (including
4,000 Algerians and Tunisians), 14,000. The Germans only
number 1,300.
{197}
The classification according to religion shows nearly
9,000,000 Moslems, 730,000 Christians, and 25,000 Jews, The
Christians include the Coptic race, numbering about 608,000.
Only a very small proportion profess the Roman Catholic and
Protestant faiths. Amongst the town populations Cairo contains
570,000, Alexandria 320,000.
EGYPT: A. D. 1897-1898.
The final campaigns of the Anglo-Egyptian conquest
of the Eastern Sudan.
Desperate battles of the Atbara and of Omdurman.
"The winter of 1896-1897 was passed, undisturbed by the enemy.

The extended and open front of the Egyptian army imperatively
called for fresh guarantees against a Dervish invasion. The
important strategic position of Abu Hamed was then held by the
enemy, to dislodge whom was the objective of the 1897 campaign.
The railway was boldly launched into the Nubian Desert; the
rail-head crept rapidly and surely towards the Dervish post,
until within striking distance of Abu Hamed: when the
river-column, by a forced march, through difficult country,
delivered an attack on 7th August. Abu Hamed was taken by the
Egyptian army under Major-General (now Sir Archibald) Hunter,
with trifling loss: and the effect of this victory caused the
precipitate evacuation of Berber. The Dervishes withdrew: the
Egyptians—not to lose so favourable an opening—advanced.
Berber, the key to the Sudan, was promptly re-occupied. The
railway was hastened forward; reinforcements were detrained,
before the close of the year, at a short distance from Berber:
and the Anglo-Egyptian authorities gathered force for the last
heat. British troops were called up. In this final struggle
[1898] nothing could be risked. An Egyptian reverse would have
redoubled the task on the accomplishment of which, having
deliberately accepted it, we had pledged our honour. Mahmud,
the Dervish emir, and that ubiquitous rascal Osman Digna, with
their united forces, were marching on Berber. They, however,
held up at the confluence of the Atbara, and comfortably
intrenched themselves in a 'zariba.' Here the Sirdar came out
to have a look at them. The Dervish force numbered about
19,000 men. The Anglo-Egyptian army was composed of 13,000
men. The odds were good enough for the Sirdar: and he went for
them. Under the demoralization created by some sharp artillery
practice, the Anglo-Egyptians stormed the 'zariba,' killed
three-fourths of the defenders, and chased the remainder away.
This victory [April 8, 1898], which cost over 500 men in
killed and wounded, broke the Dervish power for offence and
seriously damaged the Khalifa's prestige. With reinforcements,
bringing his army up to 22,000 men, including some picked
British regiments, the Sirdar then advanced slowly up the
river. It was a pilgrimage to the Mahdi's tomb, in sight of
which Cross and Crescent combined to overthrow the false
prophet. This sanguinary and decisive engagement [before
Omdurman] took place on 2nd September, 1898. The Khalifa was
put to flight; his forces were scattered and ridden down. On
the same evening, the Sirdar entered Omdurman, and released
the European captives. Subsequently, the British and Egyptian
flags were hoisted together at Khartum; and divine service was
celebrated at the spot where Gordon fell."
A. S. White,
The Expansion of Egypt,
pages 383-384
(New York: New Amsterdam Book Company).
"The honour of the fight [at Omdurman] must still go with the
men who died. Our men were perfect, but the dervishes were
superb—beyond perfection. It was their largest, best, and
bravest army that ever fought against us for Mahdism, and it
died worthily of the huge empire that Mahdism won and kept so
long. Their riflemen, mangled by every kind of death and
torment that man can devise, clung round the black flag and
the green, emptying their poor, rotten, homemade cartridges
dauntlessly. Their spearmen charged death at every minute
hopelessly. Their horsemen led each attack, riding into the
bullets till nothing was left but three horses trotting up to
our line, heads down, saying, 'For goodness' sake, let us in
out of this.' Not one rush, or two, or ten—but rush on rush,
company on company, never stopping, though all their view that
was not unshaken enemy was the bodies of the men who had
rushed before them. A dusky line got up and stormed forward:
it bent, broke up, fell apart, and disappeared. Before the
smoke had cleared, another line was bending and storming
forward in the same track.
"It was over. The avenging squadrons of the Egyptian cavalry

swept over the field. The Khalifa and the Sheikh-ed-Din had
galloped back to Omdurman. Ali Wad Helu was borne away on an
angareb with a bullet through his thigh-bone. Yakub lay dead
under his brother's banner. From the green army there now came
only death-enamoured desperadoes, strolling one by one towards
the rifles, pausing to shake a spear, turning aside to
recognise a corpse, then, caught by a sudden jet of fury,
bounding forward, checking, sinking limply to the ground. Now
under the black flag in a ring of bodies stood only three men,
facing the three thousand of the Third Brigade. They folded
their arms about the staff and gazed steadily forward. Two
fell. The last dervish stood up and filled his chest; he
shouted the name of his God and hurled his spear. Then he
stood quite still, waiting. It took him full; he quivered,
gave at the knees, and toppled with his head on his arms and
his face towards the legions of his conquerors. Over 11,000
killed, 16,000 wounded, 4,000 prisoners,—that was the
astounding bill of dervish casualties officially presented
after the battle of Omdurman. Some people had estimated the
whole dervish army at 1,000 less than this total: few had put
it above 50,000. The Anglo-Egyptian army on the day of battle
numbered, perhaps, 22,000 men: if the Allies had done the same
proportional execution at Waterloo, not one Frenchman would
have escaped. … The dervish army was killed out as hardly an
army has been killed out in the history of war. It will shock
you, but it was simply unavoidable. Not a man was killed
except resisting—very few except attacking. Many wounded were
killed, it is true, but that again was absolutely unavoidable.
… It was impossible not to kill the dervishes: they refused to
go back alive."
{198}
The same brilliant writer gives the following description of

Omdurman, as the British found it on entering the town after
the victory: "It began just like any other town or village of
the mean Sudan. Half the huts seemed left unfinished, the
other half to have been deserted and fallen to pieces. There
were no streets, no doors or windows except holes, usually no
roofs. As for a garden, a tree, a steading for a beast—any
evidence of thrift or intelligence, any attempt at comfort or
amenity or common cleanliness,—not a single trace of any of
it. Omdurman was just planless confusion of blind walls and
gaping holes, shiftless stupidity, contented filth and
beastliness. But that, we said, was only the outskirts: when
we come farther in we shall surely find this mass of
population manifesting some small symbols of a great dominion.
And presently we came indeed into a broader way than the
rest—something with the rude semblance of a street. Only it
was paved with dead donkeys, and here and there it disappeared
in a cullender of deep holes where green water festered. …
Omdurman was a rabbit-warren—a threadless labyrinth of tiny
huts or shelters, too flimsy for the name of sheds.
Oppression, stagnation, degradation, were stamped deep on
every yard of miserable Omdurman.
"But the people! We could hardly see the place for the people.
We could hardly hear our own voices for their shrieks of
welcome. We could hardly move for their importunate greetings.
They tumbled over each other like ants from every mud heap, from
behind every dung-hill, from under every mat. … They had been
trying to kill us three hours before. But they salaamed, none
the less, and volleyed, 'Peace be with you' in our track. All
the miscellaneous tribes of Arabs whom Abdullahi's fears or
suspicions had congregated in his capital, all the blacks his
captains had gathered together into franker
slavery—indiscriminate, half-naked, grinning the grin of the
sycophant, they held out their hands and asked for backsheesh.
Yet more wonderful were the women. The multitude of women whom
concupiscence had harried from every recess of Africa and
mewed up in Baggara harems came out to salute their new
masters. There were at least three of them to every man. Black
women from Equatoria and almost white women from Egypt,
plum-skinned Arabs and a strange yellow type with square, bony
faces and tightly-ringleted black hair, … the whole city was a
huge harem, a museum of African races, a monstrosity of
African lust."
G. W. Steevens,
With Kitchener to Khartum,
chapter 32-34
(copyright, Dodd, Mead & Company, quoted with permission).
"Anyone who has not served in the Sudan cannot conceive the
state of devastation and misery to which that unfortunate
country has been brought under Dervish rule. Miles and miles
of formerly richly cultivated country lies waste; villages are
deserted; the population has disappeared. Thousands of women
are without homes or families. Years must elapse before the
Sudan can recover from the results of its abandonment to
Dervish tyranny; but it is to be hoped and may be confidently
expected, that in course of time, under just and upright
government, the Sudan may be restored to prosperity; and the
great battle of September will be remembered as having
established peace, without which prosperity would have been
impossible; and from which thousands of misguided and wretched
people will reap the benefits of civilization."
E. S. Wortley,
With the Sirdar
(Scribner's Magazine, January, 1899).
EGYPT: A. D. 1898.
The country and its people after 15 years
of British occupation.
"The British occupation has now lasted for over fifteen years.
During the first five, comparatively little was accomplished,
owing to the uncertain and provisional character of our
tenure. The work done has been done in the main in the last
ten years, and was only commenced in earnest when the British
authorities began to realise that, whether we liked it or not,
we had got to stay; and the Egyptians themselves came to the
conclusion that we intended to stay. … Under our occupation
Egypt has been rendered solvent and prosperous; taxes have
been largely reduced; her population has increased by nearly
50 per cent.; the value and the productiveness of her soil has
been greatly improved; a regular and permanent system of
irrigation has been introduced into Lower Egypt, and is now in
the course of introduction into Upper Egypt; trade and
industry have made giant strides; the use of the Kurbash
[bastinado] has been forbidden; the Corvée has been
suppressed; regularity in the collection of taxes has been
made the rule, and not the exception; wholesale corruption has
been abolished; the Fellaheen can now keep the money they
earn, and are better off than they were before; the landowners
are all richer owing to the fresh supply of water, with the
consequent rapid increase in the saleable price of land;
justice is administered with an approach to impartiality;
barbarous punishments have been mitigated, if not abolished;
and the extraordinary conversion of Cairo into a fair
semblance of a civilised European capital has been repeated on
a smaller scale in all the chief centres of Egypt. To put the
matter briefly, if our occupation were to cease to-morrow, we
should leave Egypt and the Egyptians far better off than they
were when our occupation commenced.
"If, however, I am asked whether we have succeeded in the

alleged aim of our policy, that of rendering Egypt fit for
self-government, I should be obliged honestly to answer that
in my opinion we have made little or no progress towards the
achievement of this aim. The one certain result of our
interference in the internal administration of Egypt has been
to impair, if not to destroy, the authority of the Khedive; of
the Mudirs, who, as the nominees of the Effendina, rule over
the provinces; and of the Sheiks, who, in virtue of the favour
of the Mudirs, govern the villages. We have undoubtedly
trained a school of native officials who have learnt that it
is to their interest to administer the country more or less in
accordance with British ideas. Here and there we may have
converted an individual official to a genuine belief in these
ideas. But I am convinced that if our troops were withdrawn,
and our place in Egypt was not taken by any other civilised
European Power, the old state of things would revive at once,
and Egypt would be governed once more by the old system of
Baksheesh and Kurbash."
E. Dicey,
Egypt, 1881 to 1897
(Fortnightly Review, May, 1898).
{199}
Reviewing the report, for 1898, of Lord Cromer, the British

Agent and Consul-General, who is practically the director of
the government of Egypt, "The Spectator" (London) has noted
the principle of Lord Cromer's administration to be that of
"using English heads but Egyptian hands. In practice this
means the policy of never putting an Englishman into any post
which could be just as well filled by a native. In other
words, the Englishman is only used in the administration where
he is indispensable. Where he is not, the native, as is only just
and right, is employed. The outcome of this is that Lord
Cromer's work in Egypt has been carried out by 'a body of
officials who certainly do not exceed one hundred in number,
and might possibly, if the figures were vigorously examined,
be somewhat lower.' Lord Cromer adds, however, that 'these
hundred have been selected with the greatest care.' In fact,
the principle has been,—never employ an Englishman unless it
is necessary in the interests of good government to do so, but
then employ a first-class man. The result is that the
inspiring force in every Department of the Egyptian State is a
first-class English brain, and yet the natives are not
depressed by being deprived of their share of the
administration. The Egyptians, that is, do not feel the
legitimate grievance that is felt by the Tunisians and
Algerians when they see even little posts of a couple of
hundred a year filled by Frenchmen."
Spectator,
April 15, 1899.
EGYPT: A. D. 1898 (September-November).

The French expedition of M. Marchand at Fashoda.
On the 10th of September, eight days after destroying the

power of the Khalifa at Omdurman, the Sirdar, Lord Kitchener,
left that fallen capital with five gunboats and a considerable
force of Highlanders, Sudanese and Egyptians, to take possession
of the Upper Nile. At Fashoda, in the Shilluk country, a
little north of the junction of the Sobat with the White Nile,
he found a party of eight French officers and about a hundred
Senegalese troops, commanded by M. Marchand, entrenched at the
old government buildings in that place and claiming occupation
of the country. It had been known for some time that M.
Marchand was leading an expedition from the French Congo
towards the Nile, and the British government had been seeking
an explanation of its objects from the government of France,
uttering warnings, at the same time, that England would
recognize no rights in any part of the Nile Valley except the
rights of Egypt, which the evacuation of the Egyptian Sudan,
consequent on the conquests of the Mahdi and the Dervishes,
had not extinguished. Even long before the movements of M.
Marchand were known, it had been suspected that France
entertained the design of extending her great possessions in
West Africa eastward, to connect with the Nile, and, as early
as the spring of 1895, Sir Edward Grey, speaking for the
British Foreign Office, in reply to a question then asked in
the House of Commons, concerning rumors that a French
expedition from West Africa was approaching the Nile, said
with unmistakable meaning: "After all I have explained about
the claims we consider we have under past Agreements, and the
claims which we consider Egypt may have in the Nile Valley,
and adding to that the fact that those claims and the view of
the Government with regard to them are fully and clearly known
to the French Government, I cannot think it is possible that
these rumors deserve credence, because the advance of a French
expedition under secret instructions right from the other side
of Africa into a territory over which our claims have been
known for so long would be not merely an inconsistent and
unexpected act, but it must be perfectly well known to the
French Government that it would be an unfriendly act, and
would be so viewed by England." In December, 1897, the British
Ambassador at Paris had called the attention of the French
government to Sir Edward Grey's declaration, adding that "Her
Majesty's present Government entirely adhere to the language
that was on this occasion employed by their predecessors."
As between the two governments, then, such was the critical

situation of affairs when the Sirdar, who had been already
instructed how to act if he found intruders in the Nile
Valley, came upon M. Marchand and his little party at Fashoda.
The circumstances and the results of the meeting were reported by
him promptly as follows: "On reaching the old Government
buildings, over which the French flag was flying, M. Marchand,
accompanied by Captain Germain, came on board. After
complimenting them on their long and arduous journey, I
proceeded at once to inform M. Marchand that I was authorized
to state that the presence of the French at Fashoda and in the

The Download Test Bank For Microeconomics 11th Edition Slavin 007764154X 9780077641542 Full Chapter New 2024

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Download Test Bank For Microeconomics 11th Edition Slavin 007764154X 9780077641542 Full Chapter New 2024

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Download Test Bank For Microeconomics 11th Edition Slavin 007764154X 9780077641542 Full Chapter New 2024

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Test Bank for Microeconomics 11th

Edition Slavin 007764154X

Test Bank for Macroeconomics 11th Edition Slavin

Test Bank for Economics 11th Edition by Slavin ISBN

Solution Manual for Economics 11th Edition by Slavin

Test Bank for Microeconomics 11th Edition Michael

Test Bank for Principles of Microeconomics 11th Edition

Solution Manual for Microeconomics A Contemporary

Test Bank for Microeconomics 9th Edition Colander

Test Bank for Microeconomics 12th Edition Arnold

Multiple Choice Questions

The United States economy operates on its production possibility curve.

Which statement is true?

Entrepreneurial ability is in short supply in the U.S.

Land, labor and capital may be considered passive resources.

The concept of opportunity cost is irrelevant when there is scarcity.

None of these statements are true.

In the United States' economy

there is no need to economize.

we rarely have to economize.

only the rich have to economize.

John Kenneth Galbraith.

Each of the following is an example of an economic resource except

rate of percent and a capacity utilization rate of percent.

Which statement is true?

On the production possibilities frontier there is zero unemployment.

On the production possibilities frontier 95 percent of the labor force is employed.

increase the level of capital.

reduce the level of labor.

spend more on military goods.

spend more on consumer goods.

that we have more

Which statement is true?

it is easier to attain full employment than full production.

employment discrimination no longer exists in the U.S. labor market.

The United States is usually operating on the production possibilities frontier.

None of these statements are true.

The main effect of employment discrimination is

Which statement is true?

The economic problem is limited to poverty.

Scarcity is no longer an economic problem in the United States.

If we all had more money there would be less scarcity.

None of these statements are true.

Which statement is true?

The United States is usually inside our production possibilities curve.

The United States is usually outside our production possibilities curve.

The United States is usually on our production possibilities curve.

None of the statements are true.

Which movement between two points represents economic growth?

United States' economy usually operates at .

A. an inefficient use of resources.

B. an output that is not possible to produce.

C. points of unemployed resources.

D. points of fully employed resources.

A movement from point J to point M would represent

A. an increase in consumer goods, but not capital goods.

B. an increase in capital goods, but not consumer goods.

C. an increase in both capital goods and consumer goods.

D. no increase in either capital goods or consumer goods.