Space Technology 2

SPACE TECHNOLOGY
India’s space sector led by ISRO has achieved remarkable milestones in satellite launches,
interplanetary missions and commercial ventures
ACHIEVEMENTS
Satellite launches
ISROs develop di erent segments of launching vehicles such as SLV, ASLV, PSLV, GSLV, GSLV
MK-3(lvm3), SSLV
PSLV became a reliable workforce, launching satellites for global clients for eg PSLV c37 launched
104 satellites in a single mission.
Interplanetary missions
Mars orbiter mission (mangalyyan) made india the rst asian country to reach martian orbit
demonstrating cost e ectiveness and technological capabilities
Navigation system
IRNSS Indian regional navigation system NaVIC provides accurate regional positioning and
navigation services enhancing navigation for civilian and military applications
Commercial ventures
Antrix corporation and NSIL are ISROs commercial arm o ers satellite launch services to
international clients , boosting revenue and global recognition
International collaboration
ISRO also involved in collaboration with NASA ESA (European space agency) and other space
agencies for eg ISRO and NASA partnership in NISAR mission, fostering knowledge exchange
CHALLENGES
Budget constraints
Allocating su cient funds for ambitious projects while catering to other developmental needs is
the demand of time
Technological innovation
Developing cutting edge technologies for eg reusable launch vehicles poses challenges due to
resource limitations
Global competition
Competing with stablished space power in satellite launches and technological advancements is
one of the major challenge due to various factors such as low funding and resource limitations
Skilled workforce
Ensuring availability of skilled scientists engineers and technicians for research and development
Commercial viabilities
Balancing commercial ventures and national interests without compromising security is also one
of the challenges for ISRO
INITIATIVES
Make in india
This program is encouraging domestic manufacturing of satellites and components eg ISROs
VICKRAM SARABHAI space centre manufacturing satellite components
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Gaganyyan mission
Human space ight project aims to send astronauts to space showcasing ISROs technological
power
Space technology incubators

Establishing centre to nurture startups, eg AGNIKUL COSMOS developing 3d printed small
satellite launch vehicles
Navigation services
Utilising NAVIC for disaster management, agriculture and transportation for enhancing national
utility
Space education
Promoting space education and research for eg IIST thiruvanand puram o ering specialised
courses in space science and engineering
FUTURE PROSPECTS
Gaganyyan mission
Sending Indian astronauts to space, fostering human space ight capabilities and global
recognitions in the year 2025
Interplanetary exploration
Continuing exploration of mars, venus and beyond unravelling mysteries of the solar system
Commercial launch services

Expanding commercial satellite launch services so that ISRO can enhance revenue and can also
achieve technological advancement
Space tourism
Pioneering space tourism, o ering civilians and opportunity to experience space travel
Innovative satellite application

Leverage in satellites for disaster management, climate monitoring and telecommunications.
Q. ACTIVITIES OF DEPARTMENT OF SPACE AND ISRO
Current information
• ISRO achieved the historic milestone of landing Chandrayaan 3 spacecraft near the south pole
of the moon. India has become the rst country in the globe to accomplish this.
• Government approves the space policy 2023
• Indian government signed the artemist accord
• The 2nd development ight of small satellite launch vehicle successfully launched the
technology is o ered for Indian industry to scale it up
• Next generation launch vehicle LVM-3 placed 72 one-web satellite successfully in a record time
• A series of tests for Gaganyyan have been plant and out of which come of the test including rst
test vehicle for reentry and recover the crew module safety is completed
• ISRO successfully launched Adit11 spacecraft to study the sun and its e ect in heliosphere, and
now it is successfully placed.
• ISRO demonstrated the reusable launch vehicle autonomous landing mission (RLV-LEX) for
future human space program
Q. DEVELOPMENTAL ROLE OF ISRO IN INDIA
Food security and agriculture

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ISRO technology is being used to carry out crop production forecasts for major crop and to
improve crop conditions and productivity by using remote sensing satellites data
Fasal project
Helps in agricultural operations
Clean water
ISRO is actively involved in several projects to make inventory and monitoring of the water
resources in the country.
Satellite with Argos and Altika was launched monitoring of ocean and continental water surface
Resource management
ISRO through earth observatory satellites provides the e ective management of natural resources
Weather forecasting
Given the impetus provided by INSAT and earth observation satellites, IMD Indian meteorological
department have re ned its monsoon forecast and daily weather bulletins to a high degree of
accuracy
Disaster management
Using geo-portals like BHUVAN to address various aspects of natural disasters using space
based inputs
Education
EDUSAT provided connectivity to schools, colleges and higher levels of education and also
supported non-formal education including development communication
Navigation
NAVIC is an independent regional navigation satellite system developed and maintained by India.
Applications include in maritime eld mobile phones defence etc
In railways
Application of space technology are realised in guarding unmanned railway crossings, detecting
obstructions objects on railway tracks to avoid train accident.
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SPACE TECHNOLOGY

Space technology incubators

Commercial launch services

Innovative satellite application

Q. ACTIVITIES OF DEPARTMENT OF SPACE AND ISRO

Q. DEVELOPMENTAL ROLE OF ISRO IN INDIA

Food security and agriculture

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