09 - Paraline Projections and Drawings

Communication skills and Technologies department

Paraline Projections
• Introduction
- kind of shorthand for creating
a three-dimensional sense of
an object.
- All lines parallel in reality are
parallel in the drawing.
- Images can be drawn rapidly
and to scale

• Pictorial Characteristics
- Always aerial or worm’s eye
views.
- Parallel lines in the subject
remain parallel in the drawing.
- All axial lines are scalable.
Conversely, non axial lines are
never scalable
- Does not look real because far
objects are scaled the
same as near objects

• Types of Paraline Projections

1. Axonometric projections
2. Oblique projections
* Plan Oblique
* Elevation Oblique
- Each types offers a slightly different viewpoint and emphasizes

different aspects of the drawn subject

• Axonometric projections
- An orthographic projection of a three-dimensional form
that is inclined to the picture plane in such a way that its
three principal axes are foreshortened.
- Three main types

* Isometric
* Diametric
* Trimetric

• Isometric projections
- It’s three principal axes make equal angles with the picture
plane & are equally foreshortened.
- all three principal sets of planes share equal emphasis
- The most commonly used

• Isometric projections VS Isometric Drawing
- Isometric Projection is produced at a scale of 0.816.
- Isometric Drawing is produced using a scale that is full size
- Isometric drawings are almost always preferred over
isometric projection because they are easier to produce

• Isometric projections VS Isometric Drawing
- Isometric drawings, unlike isometric projections, are drawn
using the full length measurements of the actual drawing and
lacks foreshortening

• Position of Isometric Axis
- Isometric axis can be arbitrarily positioned to create
different views of a single object.
Regular Isometric Reverse axis Isometric Long axis Isometric

• Distance in Isometric Drawing
- True-length distances are shown along isometric lines.
- Isometric line is the line that run parallel to any of the
isometric axis.

• Isometric and Non-Isometric Lines and Planes


• Making an isometric drawing

• Dimetric projections
- two of the principal axes are
equally foreshortened & the 3rd
appears longer or shorter than
the other two.


• Trimetric projections
- All three principal axes
are foreshortened at a
different rate
- no two axes make equal
angles with the plane of
projection

• Oblique projections
- Represent a three-dimensional form by projecting parallel
lines at some convenient angle other than 90 degree to the
picture plane.
- The principal of the object is usually oriented parallel to the
picture plane and is therefore represented in accurate size,
shape and proportion.
- Two principal types
* Plan Obliques
* Elevation Obliques

• Plan Obliques
- Orient the horizontal planes of the subject parallel to the
picture plane
- The horizontal planes shown in true size & shape
- Plan views use as a base drawing.

• Plan Obliques

• Elevation Obliques
- Orient one principal set of vertical planes of the subject parallel the
picture plane
- The vertical plane therefore shown in true size & shape
- An elevation can be used as a base drawing.

• Elevation Obliques

Application of Paraline Drawings in
Architecture

Studio Exercise
1.Create axonometric drawing/ object from the provided two
dimensional information (plan, frontal and profile) by your instructor
2.Create plan, frontal and profile drawings of the given axonometric
drawing/ object by your instructor
Assignment
1.Prepare a one page report on application of paraline drawings in
architecture and construction. Font size 11pt
2.Create a paraline drawing of the g+1 building you drafted (drew)
during your first semester Communication skills I course(drafting,
descriptive geometry and sketching)-ARCH2041. The drawing must
be in an appropriate scale and on an A3 paper. Students must use
the rendering techniques they studied in their sketching courses.

•EN
Thank you for your patience and Time.

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Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

• Types of Paraline Projections

- Each types offers a slightly different viewpoint and emphasizes

Communication skills and Technologies department

- Three main types

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Regular Isometric Reverse axis Isometric Long axis Isometric

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

• Making an isometric drawing

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

Communication skills and Technologies department

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