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    Notes 6 Fishing COMPLETE

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    umer262029
    Geography notes for Pak studies unit 12 population

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    Notes 6 Fishing COMPLETE

    Uploaded by

    umer262029
    3 views5 pages
    Geography notes for Pak studies unit 12 population

    Original Title

    notes 6 fishing COMPLETE (1)

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    Geography notes for Pak studies unit 12 population

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views5 pages

    Notes 6 Fishing COMPLETE

    Uploaded by

    umer262029
    Geography notes for Pak studies unit 12 population

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Unit 6: Fishing Industry

     Oldest occupation
     Fishing communities started fish breeding
     Fish farming or aquaculture are in Pakistan using man made rectangular ponds
     Marine fishing is modernized
     GDP is 0.9%.
     6% of total foreign exchange is earned by Pakistan
     Occupation in Sindh and Balochistan

    id
     People Employed in marine fishing is half of employed in inland fishing

     Fishing areas and Methods

    ah
     Marine fishing
     Sindh coastline 30%
     Makran is 70% of coastline(fig 6.2)
     Mangrove trees are the breeding areas for marine fish/shrimps
    Sh
     Fish and shrimps grow at the mouth of Hab and Indus delta
     Karachi is main fishing centre
     In Makran ,Sonmiani and Jiwani are small fishing centres
     Gwadar is most important and developed centre
     Developments are ice factories, refrigeration plant ,fish curing yards
    a

     Ormara and Pasni are also developed(fig6.1)


    A. Subsistence fishing
    hr

     Just for family as food


     Conventional techniques
     Traditional nets, wooden sail boats
    Za

     Not a permanent source of income

    B. Commercial fishing
     Sold in market
     Two main fishing centres are Karachi/Gwadar
     68% of total marine is caught in Sindh coastal area
     Types of Marine Fish
     Sharks

    1
     Croakers
     Skates
     Drums
     Catfish
     Rays
     Inland fishing
     Practiced in all rivers
     Large reservoirs, dams’ lakes and fish farms are engaged in fish farming

    id
     Types of inland fish

    ah
     Manaseer
     Palla
     Thalla
     Rahu
     Trout
    Sh
     Grass, Silver
     Fish farm
     Man made, rectangular ,cemented and banks are made up of mud
     Trees are planted to increase O2 and to minimize the evaporation
    a

     Main fish centres


     Manchar lake
    hr

     Kairi lake
     Haleji lake
     Mangla and tarbela dams
    Za

     Indus river
     Government’s efforts to develop fisheries
     New fishing methods
     Value added products
     Guidance and weather information
     Development projects by Marine Fisheries Department
     Fish Marketing
     Domestic and international market
    2
     Marine fish is caught and supplied to wholesale dealers
     In Karachi, street hawkers provide fish door to door
     Frozen fish is available in departmental stores
     Local demand is less than its caught
     Consumption in Pakistan is 1.6kg p.a
     Consumption in Europe is 20kg p.a
     30% of fish is exported to 30 different countries
     Japan is the major market

    id
     USA ,UK , and France are other markets
     80% of fish catch in Makran coast is exported to Middle East
     The expected socio economic benefits of fish farming

    ah
     Greater return to the fishermen
     Increased employment
     Use of technology
     Favourable impact on foreign exchange

    Sh
    Reduces burden on crops and livestock

     Effect on ecosystem
     Community of plants and animals
     Ecological changes
    a

     Water is pumped out, low water table, water evaporation so land is unsuitable for cropping
     Pesticides and chemical fertilizers are another source of pollution
    hr

     Over fishing
     Over fishing even in breeding season with the foreign trawlers reduce the shrimps’
    production
     Threat to Mangroves
    Za

     Breeding ground for fish cannot produce sufficient fish in polluted sea water
     Sustainable fisheries
     Definition: The fisheries should be most balanced in order to increase the food production
    for present and future generation
     Fishing Methods
     Trawler: fishing boat that drags a pocket-shaped net below the surface of the water.
     New methods to catch fishes at different depths

    3
    id
    ah
     Hooks and lines
    Sh
    Hook and line is a general term used for a range of
    fishing methods. It includes hand lines, hand reels,
    powered reels, rod/pole-and-line, drop lines, and troll
    lines, all using bait to attract target species.
    a

     Longlines are set near the surface of the water.


    Longlines can be many kilometres long and carry
    hr

    thousands of hooks. Baited hooks are attached to


    catch large species.
    Za

    4
     Dredges
    Dredges - Similar to a beam trawl,
    a dredge consists of a rugged
    triangular steel frame and tooth-
    bearing bar, behind which a mat
    of linked steel rings is secured. A
    heavy netting cover joins the
    sides and back of this mat to form

    id
    a bag in which the catch is
    retained.

    ah
    Mahseer

    Sh
    a

    Palla Rahu
    hr
    Za

    Trout

    By: Zahra Shahid


    (Geography)

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