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    Communal Award

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    Communal Award

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    16 views4 pages

    Communal Award

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Ahmad

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Communal Award

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    The Communal Award was made by the British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald on 16
    August 1932 granting separate electorates in India for the Forward Caste, Lower Caste,
    Muslims, Buddhists, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, Europeans and Untouchables (now
    known as the Dalit’s) etc. The principle of weightage was also applied. [1]

    The reason behind introduction of this 'Award' was that Ramsay MacDonald considered himself
    as 'a friend of the Indians' and thus wanted to resolve the issues in India. The 'Communal
    Award' was announced after the failure of the Second of the Three Round Table Conferences
    (India).

    The 'award' attracted severe criticism from Mahatma Gandhi

    As a result of the Third Round Table Conference, in November 1932, the then Prime Minister of
    Britain Ramsay Macdonald gave his 'award', known as the Communal Award. It provided
    separate representation for the Forward Caste, Lower Caste, Muslims, Buddhists, Sikhs, Indian
    Christians, Anglo-Indians, Europeans and Dalits. The Untouchables were assigned a number of
    seats to be filled by election from special constituencies in which Untouchables could vote.

    The Award was highly controversial and opposed by Gandhi, who was in Yerwada jail, and
    fasted in protest against it. Gandhi feared that it would disintegrate Hindu society. However,
    the Communal Award was supported by many among the minority communities, most notably
    the leader of the Dalits, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar. According to Ambedkar, Gandhi was ready to
    award separate electorates to Muslims and Sikhs. But Gandhi was reluctant to give separate
    electorates to Lower Castes. He was afraid of division inside Congress and Hindu society due to
    separate lower caste representations. But Ambedkar insisted for separate electorate for lower
    caste. After lengthy negotiations, Gandhi reached an agreement with Ambedkar to have a
    single Hindu electorate, with Untouchables having seats reserved within it. This is called the
    Poona Pact. Electorates for other religions like Muslims, Buddhists, Sikhs, Indian Christians,
    Anglo-Indians, Europeans remained separate.
    Akali Dal, the representative body of the Sikhs, was also highly critical of the Award since only
    19% was reserved to the Sikhs in Punjab, as opposed to the 51% reservation for the Muslims
    and 30% for the Hindus.[2][3]

    References[edit]

    Jump up ^ Helen M. Nugent, "The communal award: The process of decision‐making." South
    Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies 2#1-2 (1979): 112-129.

    Jump up ^ Asgharali Engineer (2006). They too fought for India's freedom: the role of
    minorities. Hope India Publications. p. 177. ISBN 978-81-7871-091-4.

    Jump up ^ Bipan Chandra Engineer (1989). India's Struggle for Independence. Penguin India. p.
    290. ISBN 978-0-140-10781-4.

    Further reading[edit]

    Nugent, Helen M. "The communal award: The process of decision‐making." South Asia: Journal
    of South Asian Studies 2#1-2 (1979): 112-129.

    Menon, V.P. (1998). Transfer of Power in India. Orient Blackswan. p. 49. ISBN 978-81-250-0884-
    2.

    Flag of IndiaHourglass icon This Indian history-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia
    by expanding it.

    Categories: Indian independence movementDalit politicsDalit history1932 in IndiaReservation in


    IndiaIndian history stubs

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    This page was last edited on 27 April 2017, at 06:52.

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