Industrial Symbiosis

Industrial symbiosis
Biorefining of forsest resources book – chapter 2 good flow diagrams
Figure 7
Creating a 15-minute presentation on industrial symbiosis with a focus on the paper
industry involves outlining the key concepts, benefits, and real-world examples. Here’s a
structured approach to your presentation:
Slide 1: Title Slide
 Title: Industrial Symbiosis in the Paper Industry

 Subtitle: Enhancing Sustainability and Efficiency
 Your Name and Date
Slide 2: Introduction to Industrial Symbiosis
 Definition: Collaborative approach where waste or by-products of one industry become

resources for another.
 Goals: Reduce waste, enhance resource efficiency, and create economic and
environmental benefits.
Slide 3: Principles of Industrial Symbiosis
 Resource Sharing: Exchanging materials, energy, water, etc.

 Collaboration: Forming networks and partnerships.
 Innovation: Developing new processes and technologies.
 Sustainability: Achieving environmental and economic gains.
Slide 4: Importance of Industrial Symbiosis in the Paper Industry
 High Resource Intensity: Paper production is resource-intensive (water, energy, raw

materials).
 Waste Generation: Significant amounts of waste products and by-products.
 Environmental Impact: Potential for reducing emissions, conserving resources.
Slide 5: Case Study 1: Biogas Production from Wastewater Sludge
 Example: Mondi Group (Sweden)

 Process: Anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge to produce biogas.
 Benefits: Renewable energy source, reduces fossil fuel use, lowers waste.
Slide 6: Case Study 2: Ash Utilization in Agriculture

 Example: Norske Skog Skogn (Norway)
 Process: Using ash from biomass boilers as a soil conditioner.
 Benefits: Enhances soil quality, reduces landfill waste, supports local agriculture.
Slide 7: Case Study 3: Energy Recovery from Black Liquor
 Example: International Paper (USA)

 Process: Burning black liquor in recovery boilers to generate steam and electricity.
 Benefits: Improved energy efficiency, reduced waste, lower emissions.
Slide 8: Case Study 4: Material Exchange with Cement Industry
 Example: UPM-Kymmene Corporation (Finland)

 Process: Supplying waste lime mud to cement plants.
 Benefits: Reduces need for virgin limestone, diverts waste from landfills, supports
cement production.
Slide 9: Case Study 5: Gypsum Production from Waste Calcium

Carbonate
 Example: Georgia-Pacific (USA)

 Process: Producing gypsum from waste calcium carbonate for wallboard manufacturing.
 Benefits: Reduces waste, supports construction industry, lowers raw material demand.
Slide 10: Case Study 6: Water Recycling and Exchange
 Example: Smurfit Kappa (Spain)

 Process: Extensive water recycling within the mill, sharing treated water with nearby
industries.
 Benefits: Conserves freshwater, supports local industries, enhances water management.
Slide 11: Additional Examples
 Animal Bedding and Packaging: Using fiber and paper waste (DS Smith, UK).
 Biochar Production: From wood residues (Cascades, Canada).
 CO2 Utilization: For greenhouse plant growth (Port Townsend Paper, USA).
Slide 12: Benefits of Industrial Symbiosis in the Paper Industry

 Economic: Cost savings, new revenue streams.
 Environmental: Reduced emissions, waste minimization, resource conservation.
 Social: Enhanced community relations, job creation.
Slide 13: Challenges and Solutions
 Challenges: Logistical issues, regulatory barriers, initial investment.

 Solutions: Strong partnerships, supportive policies, technological innovation.
Slide 14: Future Directions
 Expansion: More industries adopting symbiotic practices.

 Innovation: New technologies for better resource utilization.
 Policy Support: Encouraging regulations and incentives.
Slide 15: Conclusion
 Summary: Industrial symbiosis transforms waste into valuable resources, benefiting

both the environment and the economy.
 Call to Action: Encourage adoption of industrial symbiosis practices in more industries.
 Q&A: Open the floor for questions.
Biorefining refers to the process of converting biomass (such as wood, agricultural residues, and organic
waste) into a variety of valuable products including biofuels, chemicals, and materials. In the context of
the paper industry, biorefining involves the use of lignocellulosic biomass (primarily wood) to produce
not only paper and pulp but also a range of bio-based products and energy.
Key Components of Biorefining:
1. Feedstock: Biomass sources such as wood chips, sawdust, agricultural residues, and waste
paper.
2. Processes:
 Mechanical and Chemical Pulping: Breaking down wood fibers to produce pulp.
 Fermentation: Converting sugars from biomass into biofuels like ethanol.
 Thermochemical Conversion: Processes like pyrolysis and gasification to produce bio-

oil, syngas, and other chemicals.
 Biochemical Conversion: Using enzymes and microorganisms to convert biomass into
biochemicals and biofuels.
3. Products: Biofuels (ethanol, biodiesel), biochemicals (lactic acid, acetic acid), bioenergy (biogas,
bio-oil), and biomaterials (bio-plastics, composites).
Biorefining in the Paper Industry:
 Integrated Biorefineries: Paper mills can function as biorefineries by incorporating additional

processes to convert biomass into a range of products beyond traditional paper and pulp. This
integration maximizes resource use and minimizes waste.
 Utilizing By-products: By-products like lignin, hemicellulose, and extractives from the pulping
process can be transformed into valuable chemicals and materials.
Relationship with Industrial Symbiosis:
Industrial symbiosis in the context of biorefining involves multiple industries working together to utilize
each other's by-products and waste materials to create a closed-loop system. Here's how biorefining
relates to industrial symbiosis:
1. Resource Efficiency: By integrating biorefining processes, paper mills can use waste biomass and
by-products more efficiently, reducing the need for virgin materials and minimizing waste.
2. Energy Sharing: Excess energy generated from biorefining processes (e.g., from biogas or
biomass boilers) can be shared with nearby industries, creating a symbiotic relationship.
3. By-product Utilization: Chemicals and materials produced through biorefining can be supplied
to other industries. For example, lignin can be used in the production of bio-based chemicals,
adhesives, and even carbon fibers for various applications.
4. Waste Reduction: Industrial symbiosis helps reduce waste by finding productive uses for by-
products. For instance, ash from biomass boilers can be used as a soil amendment in agriculture.
5. Economic and Environmental Benefits: Both biorefining and industrial symbiosis contribute to
reducing environmental impact and improving economic sustainability by creating new revenue
streams and reducing disposal costs.
Examples in Practice:
1. Stora Enso (Finland): This company operates integrated biorefineries that convert wood
biomass into a range of products, including paper, packaging materials, and bio-based
chemicals.
2. Borregaard (Norway): Specializes in using wood to produce biochemicals and biofuels alongside
traditional paper products. By-products from the pulping process are converted into bioethanol,
lignin-based products, and other chemicals.
3. UPM Biofore (Finland): UPM integrates biorefining processes to produce renewable diesel,
biochemicals, and bioplastics from wood-based biomass, creating synergies with their pulp and
paper production.

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Industrial symbiosis

Biorefining of forsest resources book – chapter 2 good flow diagrams

Slide 1: Title Slide

 Title: Industrial Symbiosis in the Paper Industry

Slide 2: Introduction to Industrial Symbiosis

 Definition: Collaborative approach where waste or by-products of one industry become

Slide 3: Principles of Industrial Symbiosis

 Resource Sharing: Exchanging materials, energy, water, etc.

Slide 4: Importance of Industrial Symbiosis in the Paper Industry

 High Resource Intensity: Paper production is resource-intensive (water, energy, raw

Slide 5: Case Study 1: Biogas Production from Wastewater Sludge

 Example: Mondi Group (Sweden)

Slide 6: Case Study 2: Ash Utilization in Agriculture

Slide 7: Case Study 3: Energy Recovery from Black Liquor

 Example: International Paper (USA)

Slide 8: Case Study 4: Material Exchange with Cement Industry

 Example: UPM-Kymmene Corporation (Finland)

Slide 9: Case Study 5: Gypsum Production from Waste Calcium

 Example: Georgia-Pacific (USA)

Slide 10: Case Study 6: Water Recycling and Exchange

 Example: Smurfit Kappa (Spain)

Slide 11: Additional Examples

Slide 12: Benefits of Industrial Symbiosis in the Paper Industry

Slide 13: Challenges and Solutions

 Challenges: Logistical issues, regulatory barriers, initial investment.

Slide 14: Future Directions

 Expansion: More industries adopting symbiotic practices.

Slide 15: Conclusion

 Summary: Industrial symbiosis transforms waste into valuable resources, benefiting

Key Components of Biorefining:

 Fermentation: Converting sugars from biomass into biofuels like ethanol.

 Thermochemical Conversion: Processes like pyrolysis and gasification to produce bio-

Biorefining in the Paper Industry:

 Integrated Biorefineries: Paper mills can function as biorefineries by incorporating additional

Relationship with Industrial Symbiosis:

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