Cables

Cables are classified into 5 types depending upon their
purpose as follows:
 Ribbon Electric Cables

It consists of multiple insulated wires running parallel with one another and is used for
transmission of multiple data simultaneously. For example, this is used to connect the
CPU with the motherboard and is generally used for the interconnection of networking
devices.
 Shielded Cables
It consists of 1 or 2 insulated wires which are covered by a woven braided shield or
aluminium Mylar foil for better signal transmission and removing irregularities in the
frequency of power and external interference in radio. These cables transmit high voltage
electric current and are protected by a shield.
Electrical cable Voltage

An electric cable is measured in volts and, depending on these, they are categorized into one
group or another:
 Low voltage cables (up to 750 V): in a variety of applications, and with thermoplastic and
thermoset coatings. They are designed and built according to harmonized standards.
 Low Voltage cables (up to 1,000 V): (also called (0,6/1 kV) The cables in this section are used for
industrial power installations in various fields (general industry, public installations,
infrastructures, etc.). They are designed according to international standards (UNE, IEC, BS, UL).
 Medium Voltage cables: from 1 kV to 36 kV. They are used to distribute electricity from
electrical substations to transformer stations.
 High Voltage cables: from 36 kV. They are used to transport electricity from the generating
plants to the electrical substations.
Types of electrical cable by their use

Low voltage cables
Cables for electric panels
Flexible cables for wiring electric cabinets. These electric cables are especially suitable for
domestic use, for installation in public places and for internal wiring of electrical cabinets, switch
boxes and small electrical appliances.
Power cables
Energy cables for industrial facilities and public places. It is common to find power cables in
applications for power transmission in all types of low voltage connections, for industrial use and
for variable frequency drive (VFD).
Armoured cables
Cables with aluminum or steel reinforcement for installations with risk of mechanical
aggression. It is also common to find Armoured cables in places where rodents are present, as
well as in installations in premises with a risk of fire and explosion (ATEX).
Rubber cables
The use of extra flexible rubber cables is very varied. We can find rubber cables in fixed
industrial installations as well as in mobile service. Welding cables should have a rubber
sheath, which allows high currents to be transmitted between the welding generator and the
electrode.
Halogen-free cables
High Security Halogen Free (LSZH) Cables with low smoke and corrosive gas emission in
case of fire are suitable for use in wiring of electrical panels and public places, installations of
all kinds in public places, individual derivations, emergency circuits, public distribution
networks and also for mobile service.
Fire resistant cables
These cables are specially designed to transmit electrical energy in the extreme
conditions that occur during a prolonged fire, guaranteeing supply to emergency equipment such
as signaling, smoke extractors, acoustic alarms, water pumps, etc. Their use is recommended in
emergency circuits in places with public concurrence.
Control cables
Control cables for fixed or mobile installations should be extremely flexible, as they are mainly
designed for small household appliances, for the interconnection of machine parts used for
manufacturing, for signaling and control systems, for the connection of motors or frequency
converters, for signal transmission where the voltage induced by an external electromagnetic
field may affect the transmitted signal or for power supply connections to avoid generating
electromagnetic fields.
Instrumentation cables
These are flexible and shielded cables for the transmission of signals between equipment in
industrial installations. Especially suitable for optimum data transmission in environments with
a high level of electromagnetic interference.
Solar cables
These cables are particularly suitable for connecting photovoltaic panels, and from the panels
to the DC to AC inverter. Thanks to the design of their materials and their cover, which is
especially resistant to solar radiation and extreme temperatures, they can be installed outdoors
with full guarantees.
Special cables
There is a wide variety of electric cables for special installations such as: temporary light
garland installations at trade fairs; connections for overhead cranes, hoists and lifts; applications
in submerged pumps and drinking water areas such as aquariums, purification systems, drinking
water fountains or in swimming pools for lighting, purification and cleaning systems.
Aluminium cables
Aluminium cables for power transmission are suitable for fixed installation indoors, outdoors
and/or underground.
Medium Voltage Cables
RHZ1
Medium Voltage Cable type RHZ1 with XLPE insulation, halogen free and non flame and/or fire
propagating. They are cables perfectly adapted for the transportation and distribution of energy
in Medium Voltage networks.
HEPRZ1
Medium Voltage cable with HEPR insulation, halogen-free and not flame- and/or fire-
propagating Ideal for the transportation and distribution of energy in Medium Voltage networks.
MV-90
Medium Voltage cable with XLPE insulation, according to American standard. For
transportation and distribution of energy in Medium Voltage networks.
RHVhMVh
Copper and aluminium medium voltage cable for special applications. Especially recommended
for installations where there is a risk of presence of oils and chemical agents of the hydrocarbon
type or their derivatives.
Top Cable has a wide range of electrical wiring. Do not hesitate to consult our catalogue and find
any cable you need:
 Twisted Pair Cables

It has two or more insulated copper wires which are twisted with each other and are
colour-coded. These types of wires are usually used in telephone cables and the resistance
to external interference can be measured by the number of wires.
 Coaxial Cables
This consists of solid copper or steel conductor plated with copper which is enclosed in
the metallic braid and metallic tape. This is entirely covered with an insulated protective
outer jacket. These types of cables are used for computer networking and audio-video
networking.
 Fibre Optics Cable

There are these types of cables which transport optical data signals from an attached light
source to the receiving device. We are pretty much aware of what is optical fibre and its
uses in a wide variety of applications.
Components of an electrical cable

An
electric cable consists of:
 Electric conductor: which channels the flow of electricity

 Insulation: it covers and contains the electric flow in the conductor.
 Auxiliary elements: that protect the cable and guarantee its longevity.
 Outer sheath: it covers all the mentioned materials protecting them from the
outside.
Types of electric conductors

 Bare wire conductor: single wire in solid state, not flexible and without
coating.
 Aluminum electrical conductors: in some cases, aluminum conductors are
also used, despite the fact that this metal is 60% worse conductor than copper.
 Copper electrical conductors: the most commonly used material.
 Flexible copper wire conductor: it is a set of fine wires covered by an
insulating material. They are flexible and malleable.
 Single-core cable: a cable with a single conductor.
 Multi-core cable: a cable that has several conductors.
Types of insulation for electric cables

The insulation consists of placing an insulating coating on the conductor to prevent
current leakage. They are classified into two large groups: thermoplastic and
thermoset.
1. Thermoplastic insulation
They are most common in the manufacture of electrical cables are:
 PVC:Polyvinyl chloride
 Z1: Polyolefins
 PE: Linear polyethylene
 PU: Polyurethane
2. Thermosetting insulation
The most common are:
 EPR: Ethylene Propylene

 XLPE: Crosslinked Polyethylene
 EVA: Ethyl Vinyl Acetate
 SI: Silicone
 PCP: Neoprene
 SBR: Natural Rubber
Additionally, copper wire has a lower thermal expansion. In other
words, when exposed to heat, it doesn't expand as much as aluminum
wire. As electricity passes through an electrical wire, its temperature
rises. Compared to copper wire, aluminum wiring expands more due
to its higher thermal expansion.
Twisting together a number of finer wires reduces the strain on each
one when the conductor is flexed making it less likely for the wire to
break. The spiraling also increases the conductor's ability to withstand
thermal expansion and contraction strains.

Cables

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Cables

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Cables are classified into 5 types depending upon their

 Ribbon Electric Cables

Electrical cable Voltage

Types of electrical cable by their use

Fire resistant cables

Medium Voltage Cables

 Twisted Pair Cables

 Fibre Optics Cable

Components of an electrical cable

 Electric conductor: which channels the flow of electricity

Types of electric conductors

Types of insulation for electric cables

They are most common in the manufacture of electrical cables are:

The most common are:

 EPR: Ethylene Propylene

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