Tourism 2

TOURISM 2
Nature/Ecotourism
Nature/ecotourism caters for those who want to observe animal and plant life in natural habitats. The
Caribbean offers rainforests, mangrove wetlands, bird sanctuaries, nature reserves and marine
environment including coral reefs.
Sports Tourism
Offer visitors the opportunity to participate in marine or land-based sporting activities. Marine-based
activities include scuba diving, water skiing, swimming, sailing, snorkeling, surfing and sea-
kayaking. Other tourists visit for sport fishing activities. Land-based sporting activities include golf,
cricket, football, tennis, hiking and mountain biking.
Cultural/heritage tourism
Cultural /heritage tourism provides for those who want to experience the culture of the destination,
including festivals, food, music, dances, art, language and dress, and its history in the form of
archaeological sites, historic buildings, museums and monuments.
Special events
These include golf tournaments, international sporting fixtures, horse race, regattas and conferences.
Music Festivals
A number of festivals attract international acts and tourists from around the world. Examples include
jazz festivals and Reggae Sumfest.
Health tourism
Health tourism caters for those who need particular facilities to help them recuperate following an
illness and also includes facilities that provide health resorts or spas to enhance wellbeing and
general health. There are many spa resorts near natural springs in Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica and
St. Lucia.
Factors that influence the development of tourism in the host and supply country
 Factors influencing tourism are found in both the host country, which is the country to which
the tourists are travelling to and;
 The supply country which is the country they normally reside.
 A host country has to make efforts to be appealing to potential visitors in a number of ways.
 Conditions in the supply country have to be suitable to enable people to make visits
elsewhere.
Factors in the host country:
In addition to developing new tourism products that will continue to attract visitors, a host country
has to acknowledge the requirements for meeting tourists’ more practical needs.
 Accessibility: A major consideration for tourists is the accessibility of their destination. This
means how easy or otherwise it is to travel to the host country. For international tourists
travelling by air, a major consideration would be whether or not there was a direct flight from
their country and, if there was not, how simple the transfer from the nearest international
airport to their final destination would be. To cater for cruise ship passengers, the host
country must have a suitable seaport.
 Availability, cost and quality of tourist services: a host country needs to have an organized
and regulated tourist industry. This includes having tourism organization, such as a ministry
of tourism, to develop industry policies and guidelines, and a tourist board to focus on
marketing the country and the tourism products on offer. The individuals and businesses who
work in the industry to provide the actual facilities, services and amenities, such as
accommodation, restaurants and attractions, must ensure that a variety of these are offered at
a high level of quality and at reasonable prices. Personnel working in the industry should be
trained in the skills necessary to perform their particular function.
 Perception of safety and security: when people travel, they often feel vulnerable. They will
want to know that levels of crime or violence in the host country are at acceptable levels and
be reassured that they will not be exposed to any threat or risk.
 Political stability: Political stability means that there is good governance within the country
and a respect for law and order. There should be healthy relationships between political
parties and a sense of social harmony among general population. Without this political
stability, tourists are less likely to be attracted. Political instability would also make it more
difficult to attract foreign and local investment to develop the tourist industry.
 Infrastructure: a host country needs to have modern sanitation arrangements. Sanitation is

mainly concerned with a system for the provision of clean water for washing and a system
for efficient removal of solid waste and sewage. A modern, safe and well-maintained road
network is also important for tourism. Tourists sometimes want to travel to different sites
within a host country. Facilities such as hotels and restaurants also rely on the efficient
delivery of such things as food supplies. Host countries also need an adequate and reliable
electrical supply system and modern internet and telecommunications systems.
 Airports and sea ports: these need to be modern and capable of handling modern aircraft
and ships, as well as accommodating large numbers of passengers. In the Caribbean, steps
were recently taken to upgrade airport facilities.

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TOURISM 2

 Infrastructure: a host country needs to have modern sanitation arrangements. Sanitation is

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