Biotiichnology: Syllabus (Basic Hons.)
Biotiichnology: Syllabus (Basic Hons.)
Biotiichnology: Syllabus (Basic Hons.)
BTDSCOl
CELL BIOLOGY AND GENETICS
Credits: 04 Total Contact Hrs: 56
Unit - 1: Cell as a Basic unit of Living Systems and Cellular Organelles:
Concept, Development and Scope of Biotechnology. Historical perspectives. Discovery of cell, the
ce1l l-heory, Ultra structure of a eukaryotic cell- (Both plant and animal cells), Surl'ace
Architecture: Structural organization and functions of plasma membrane and cell wall of eukaryotes.
Cellular Organelles: Structure and functions of cell organelles - Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi
complex, Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Ribosomes, Lysosomes, Peroxisomes, Nucleus (I.{uclear
envelope with nuclear porecomplex, Nucleolus, Nucleoplasm and Chromatin). Vacuole, Cyosol and
Cytoskeleton structures (Microtubules, Microfi laments and lntermediate fi laments). 14 Hrs
Maternal Inheritance: Plastid inheritance in Mirabilis, Petite characters in yeast and Kappa particles
in paramecium, Sex-linked inheritance, Chromosome theory of inheritance. Gene interaction:
Sr-rpplementary factors: comb pattern in fowls, Complementary genes- Flower color in sweet peas,
Multiple factors-Skin color in human beings, Epistasis- Plumage color in poultry, Multiple allelism:
Blood groups in Human beings. 14 [Irs
Unit-4. Linkage and Crossing Over:
introduction, Coupling and repulsion hypothesis, Linkage in maize and Drosophila, Mechanism of
crossing over and its importance, chromosome mapping-linkage map in maize. Mutations: Types of
mutations, Spontaneous and induced, Mulagens: Physical and chemical, Mutation at the molecular
level, Mutations in plants, animals and microbes for economic benefit of man. Chromosomal
variations: A general,account of structural and numerical aberrations, chromosomal evolution of
wheat and cotton. Sex Determination in Plants and animals: Concept of allosomes and autosomes,
XX- XY, XX-XO, ZW-ZZ, ZO-ZZ types.
I{uman Genetics:.Karyotype in man, inherited disorders - Allosomal (Klinefelter syndrome and
Turner's syndrome) and Autosomal (Down syndrome and Cri-Du-Chat Syndrome). 14 Hrs
Reference'fext Books:
1, Crueger W and Crueger A. (2000). Biotechnology: A textbook of Industrial Microbiology.2nd
edition. Panima Publishing Co. New Delhi.
2. Patel AH. (1996). Industrial Microbiology. 1st editiorr, Macmillan India Limited.
3. Stanbury PF, Whitaker A and Hall SJ. (2006). Principles of Fermentation Technology. 2"0
edition, Elsevier Science Ltd.
4. Environmental Biotechnology, PradiptaKumar Mohapatra.
5. EnvironmetrtalBiotechnology- Concepts& Applications, Hans-Joachim Jordening & Jesefwinter
6. B.B. Nanda and R.I(. Tiwari, Forensic Science in India: A Vision for the Twenty First Centr-rry,
Select Publishers, New Delhi (2001).
7 . M.K, Bhasin and S. Nath, Role of Forensic Science irr the New Millennium,'University of
Delhi, Delhi (2002).
8. S.H. James and J.J. Nordby, Forensic Science: An Introduction to Scientific and Investigative
Techniques, 2nd Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton (2005)"
9, W.G. Ecker:t and R.I(, Wright in Introduction to Forensic Sciences, 2nd Edition, W.G. Eckert
(ED.), CRC Press, Boca Raton (1997).
Unit-l: Thc Basics of Cell Biology: Discovery of cell, the basic unit of life and cell theory. Structure
o1' a cell and comparison between plant and animal cells- Plasma membrane, Cytoskeleton,
Pr:otoplasm, Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Endoplasmic lleticulum, Golgi complex; Lysosome,
eudosome and microbodies, Ribosome, Centriole, and Nucleus. Introduction to catalysis and use oI
energy by cells. 14 Hrs
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Unit-1:
Introduction to Biotechnology Lab: Biotechnology Industry in Indian and Global context -
olganization in context of large /medium/ small enterprises, their structure and benefits.
Nlctlrods and practices of cleaning and management of lab: Learning and Practice of Integlatecl
clean-in-place (CIP) and sterilize-in-place (SIP) as per industry standards, material requirements fol
cleaning specific alea, equipment, ventilation area, personal protective requirements.
Pr:occdure of cleaning and storage of Lab ware: Methodology for storage area, cleaning procedure
aud materials to be used for various surfaces. Sign boards, labelling do's & don'ts. Knowledge about
stanclar:d procedures of cleaning or glass ware, plastic ware. Maintenance of inventory.
Princi;rles and practices of lab safety: Knowledge about safety symbols andhazard signs. Personal
safetl, gears, utility, and disposal. Equipment safety protocols, chemical safety protocols,
Documentation of chemical and equipment usage records. l{andling hazardous chemicals. 14 Hrs
flnif-2:
Best practices of usage and storage of chemicals: Knowledge and practice in handling of chemicals,
labelling and stock maintenance. SOP and material handling. Procedures to maintain chemicals,
labelling, storage, and disposal.
Pr-epnration of solutions and standards: Properties and uses of chemicals commonly used in life
sciences laboratolies. Maintaining safety standards for handling various solutions and chemicals,
Pr:eparation of test reagents and buffers, Protocols for proper mixing of chemicals. Safety precantions
while preparation and storage of incompatible chemicals and reagents"
Preparation of media: Maintenance and storage of purified water for media (Plant Tissue culture
media, Microbiological media, and Animal cell culture media) preparation.
Practical methocls for decontamination and disposal: Decontamination methods, Safe disposal
practices of decontaminated media or materials.
Laboratory record writing: Method of record writing, data collection and recording, reporting of
result, discussion of result, summary writing, effective PowerPoint presentation taking any experiment
as exarnple. 14 Hrs
Unit-1:
Plant propagation and Hybridization: Introduction and History of Plant propagation, Plant bleeding
and Transgenic. Types of reproduction in Monocots and Dicots fsexual and Asexual/ Vegetatirze
reproduction], Double fertilization and triple fusion. Hybridization: Protoplast Culture- isolation,
viability test, somatic hybridization and cybridization, methods of protoplast fusion- chemical and
electro fusion. Applications of Hybrids- disease resistance, insect resistance, dlought resistance,
temperature resistance and salt resistance" 14 Hrs
Unit-2:
Crop improvement: Sterility, incompatibility and selection: [Cytoplasmic Sterility and Genetic Male
Sterility, self-incompatibility. Mass selection, Clonal selection and pure line selection for crop
improvement. Natural and artificial mutation and importance of mutations in crop improvement"
Tissue culture in Crop improvement: Organ culture Organ culture (shoot tip, Nodal, Leaf). Embryo
Rescue Techniques. Haploid (Anther and Pollen Culture), Endosperm Culture, Ovary and Ovrlle
Cultr-rre. Germplasm preservation- Techniques and Centers" Role of R-DNA technologl, and
Transgenic plants in crop improvement" 14 Hrs
1. To study the principle and applications of imporlant instruments (biological safety cabinets,
autoclave, incubator, BOD incubator, hot air oven, light microscope, pH rneter) used in the
microbiology and Biotechnology laboratory.
2. Sterilization of medium using Autclclave and assessment for sterility.
3. Stelilization of glassware using Hot Air Oven and assessment for sterility
4. Sterilization of heat sensitive material by membrane filtration and assessment for sterility.
5. Preparation of culture media for bacteria, fungi and their cultivation.
6. Piating techniques: Spread plate, pour plate andstreak plate.
l. Isolation of bacteria and fr.urgi from soil, water and air.
8. Study of Rhizopus, Penicillium, Aspergillus using temporary mounts.
9. Colony characteristics study of bacteria from air exposure plate.
10. Staining techniques: Bacteria- Gram, Negative, Capsule, Endospore staining
Fungi - Lactophenol cotton blue staining.
11. Water analysis - MPN test.
12. Biochemical Tests - IMViC, Starch hydrolysis, Catalase test, Gelatin hydrolysis.
13. Bacterial cell motility - hanging drop technique.
ltefcrence Text Books
1. Atlas RM. (1997). Principles of Mimobiology. 2nd edition. WM.T. Brown Publishers.
2, Biack JG. (2008). Microbiology: Principles and Explorations. 7th edition. Prentice Hall
3. Madigan MT, and Martinko JM. (2014). Brock Biology of Micro-organisms. 14th edition.
Parker J. Prentice Hall International, Inc.
4. Pelczar Jr MJ, Chan ECS, and Krieg NR" (2004). Microbiology.
5. 5th edition Tata McGraw Hill.
6. Srivastava S and Srivastava PS. (2003). Understanding Bacteria. Kluwel Academic Publishers,
Dordrecht
7. Stanier RY, Ingraham JL, Wheelis ML and Painter PR. (2005). General Microbiology. 5t1i
edition McMillan.
8. Toltora GJ, Funke BR, and Case CL. (2008). Microbiology: An Introduction. 9th edition
Pearson Education.
9. WilleyJM, Sherwood LM, and Woolverton CJ. (2013). Prescott's Microbiology, 9th eclition.
McGraw Hill Higher Education.
10. Cappucino J and Sherman N. (2010)" Microbiology: A Laboratory Manual. 9th edition. Pearson
Education Limited.
11.Prescott, Harley, Klein's Microbiology, J.M.Willey, L.M. Sherwood, C.J. Woolvertor-r,7th
International, edition 2008, McGraw Hill.
12. Foundations in Microbiology, K. P. Talaro, 7th International edition2009, McGraw Hill.
13. Microbiology- Concepts and applications by Paul A. Ketchum, Wiley Publications
1z[. Fundamentals of Microbiology -Frobisher, Saunders & Toppan Publications
15. Introductory Biotechnology-R. B Singh C.B.D. India (1990)
i6. Fundamentals of Bacteriology - Salley
17. Frontiers in Microbial Technology-P.S. Bison, CBS Publishers.
18. Biotechnology, International Trends of perspectives A. T. Bull, G.
1 9. General Microbiology -C.B. Powar
Course 2: Theory: Open Elective
BTOEC03
APPLICATIONS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE
Creclits: 02 Total Contact Hrs: 42 hrs
Urrit- | :
Unit 2:
Neuro Mnscular System- Muscle physiology and osmoregulation. Structure of cardiac, smooth & sl<ele tal
rnuscie, threshold stimulus, All or None rule, single muscle twitch, muscle tone, isotonic and isometric
contraction, Physical, chemical & electrical events of mechanism of muscle contraction. Nervous s),stenr-
Nervous and endocrine coordination, Mechanism of generation & propagation of nerve impulse, stlLrctule
of synapse, synaptic conduction, saltatory conduction, Neurotransmitters- types and functions. Dil'lerent
endocrine glands- Hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenals, hypo &
hyper-secretions. 1zl hrs
Unit 3:
Digcstive System- .Digestive Secretions- Composition and functions of saliva, gastric, pancreatio,
intestinal and bile secretions. HCI production in the stomach and Gastrointestinal hormones. Digestion and
absorption of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.
I{epatobiliary and Excretory System: Hepatobiliary System- Anatomy of the liver, blood sr-rpply, cells-
hepatocytes, endothelial cells and I(upffer cells. Secretory and excretory functions of liver and folmatiun
of bile. Excretory System- Structure and function of nephron, Mechanism of urine formation, Norrnal and
abnormal constituents of urine and renal resulation of acid-base balance. 14 hrs
Pedagogy
SECTION -A
1. Answer any five of the following
5x2=L0
a)
b)
c)
d)
a\
f)
SECTION - B
Answer any six of the following
6x5=30
)
3.
A
5.
6.
7.
B,
9,
sEcTtoN - C
Answer any two of the following
2xL0=20
10,
1L.
L2,
tt
B.Sc. (Basic/ Hons.) Semeste r | | ll Examination
Model question paper Open Elective (OE, Theory)
Biochemistry
Time:2 h Max. Marks: 60
SECTION - A
SECTION - B
l"L.
12.
L2
B.Sc. (Basic/ Hons.) Semeste r | / ll Examination
Model question paper SEC (SEC, Theory)
Biochemistry
Time: 01 Hr.
Max. Marks: 30
NOTE: All sections are compulsory
SECTION - A
1, Answer any five of the following
5xi.=5
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
o)
ol
SECTION - B
Answer any three of the following
3x5=L5
6.
7.
B,
9.
6.
sEcTtoN - c
Answer any one of the following
LxL0=10
10,
1L.
13
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