Awwa C509-23

Resilient-Seated Gate
Valves for Water

Supply Service
Effective date: June 1, 2023.

First edition approved by Board of Directors Jan. 28, 1980.
This edition approved Jan. 12, 2023.
Approved by American National Standards Institute Jan. 6, 2023.
�\ STANDARD
American Water Works
Association
'\\. I Since 1881
AWWA Standard
This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification. AWWA standards describe
minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and administrative information normally contained in
specifications. The AWWA standards usually contain options that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each
optional feature is specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA publication of a standard does
not constitute endorsement of any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certify, or approve any product. The
use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. This standard does not supersede or take precedence over or displace any
applicable law, regulation, or code of any governmental authority. AWWA standards are intended to represent a consensus
of the water industry that the product described will provide satisfactory service. When AWWA revises or withdraws this
standard, an official notice of action will be placed in the Official Notice section of journal AWWA. The action becomes
effective on the first day of the month following the month of journal AWWA publication of the official notice.
American National Standard

An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An
American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The
existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved
the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not
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CAUTION NoT1cE: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicates
completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI
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ISBN-13, print 978-1-64717-141-4 ISBN-13, electronic: 978-1-61300-672-6
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12999/AWWA.C509.23
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commercial use of this material is prohibited, except with written permission from the publisher.
Copyright© 2023 by American Water Works Association

Printed in USA
ii
Committee Personnel
The C509 Subcommittee, which updated and reviewed this standard, had the following
personnel at that time:
T. Chad Harbour, Chair
P. Berken (alternate), American Flow Control, Beaumont, Tex.

J. Bolender, J & S Valve, Huffman, Tex.
L.R. Dunn, U.S. Pipe & Foundry Company, Birmingham, Ala.
P. Gifford (alternate), Mueller Water Products, Chattanooga, Tenn.
J.W Green, Lockwood, Andrews & Newnam, Oakbrook Terrace, Ill.
T.C. Harbour, Mueller Water Products, Decatur, Ill.
T.R. Ingalls (alternate), EJ, USA Inc., East Jordan, Mich.
C. Keeling, US Valve/Champion Valves, Linthicum, Md.
T. Klein, Aqua America, Inc., West Chester, Pa.
R.L. Larkin (alternate), J & S Valve, Birmingham, Ala.
M. Lobik, Springfield Water and Sewer Commission, Agawam, Mass.
R. Looney, American AVK Company, Minden, Nev.
N.O. Mejia, L.A. Department of Water and Power, Los Angeles, Calif.
T. O'Shea, Val-matic, Elmhurst, Ill.
D. Peirce, Clow Valve Co./McWane Inc., Oskaloosa, Iowa
B. Rohdenburg, Kennedy Valve, Elmira, N.Y.
D. Scott, American Flow Control, Birmingham, Ala.
K.J. Wright, EJ, USA Inc., East Jordan, Mich.
The AWWA Standards Committee on Gate Valves and Swing Check Valves, which reviewed and
approved this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval:
J. Warren Green, Chair

Dan Stickel, Vice-Chair
General Interest Members
J.W Green, Lockwood, Andrews, & Newnam, Oakbrook Terrace, Ill.

J. Hebensreit, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Northbrook, Ill.
M.C. Johnson, Utah State University Water Research Laboratory, Logan, Utah
E. Meek (liaison, nonvoting), Standards Engineer Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo.
iii
K. LeBrasse, Burns and McDonnell, Denver, Colo.
J. Olson, Advanced Engineering and Environmental Services, Grand Forks, N.D.
T.R. Volz, AECOM, Denver, Colo.
Producer Members
J. Bolender, J & S Valves, Huffman, Tex.

P. Berken (alternate), American Flow Control, Beaumont, Tex.
D.E. Burczynski (alternate), Kennedy Valve, Elmira, N.Y.
J. Clifton, McWane Plant & Industrial, Birmingham, Ala.
S.S. Dalton, Val-Matic Valve & Manufacturing Corp., Elmhurst, Ill.
P. Gifford (alternate), Mueller Water Products, Chattanooga, Tenn.
T.C. Harbour, Mueller Water Products, Decatur, Ill.
R.L. Larkin (alternate), J & S Valve, Gardendale, Ala.
C. Keeling, U.S. Valve/Champion Valve, Linthicum Heights, Md.
R. Looney, American AVK Company, Minden, Nev.
M. Page, EJ, USA Inc., East Jordan, Mich.
D.B. Scott, American Flow Control, Birmingham, Ala.
T. O'Shea (alternate), Val-Matic Valve & Manufacturing Corp., Elmhurst, Ill.
J.H . Wilber (alternate), American AVK, Littleton, Colo.
K.J. Wright (alternate), EJ, USA Inc. , East Jordan, Mich.
User Members
A. Bodulow, Los Angeles Water & Power, Los Angeles, Calif.

B. Hasanabadi, Colorado Springs Utilities, Colorado Springs, Colo.
S. Hattan, Tarrant Regional Water District, Fort Worth, Tex.
K.S. Jeng-Bulloch, City of Huntsville, Huntsville, Tex.
M. Lobik, Springfield Water and Sewer Commission, Agawam, Mass.
K.C. Morgan (liaison, nonvoting), Standards Council Liaison, San Diego County Water Authority,
San Diego, Calif.
C.A. Norris, Montgomery Water Works & Sanitary Sewer Board, Montgomery, Ala.
A. Quiniones (alternate), US Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colo.
D. Rausch, City of Aurora Water Department, Aurora, Colo.
P.J. Ries, Denver Water, Denver, Colo.
V. Stariha, US Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colo.
D. Stickel, Saginaw-Midland Municipal Water Supply Corp., Bay City, Mich.
R.E. Tierney, Weir River Water System, Hingham, Mass.
iv
Contents
All AWWA standards follow the general format indicated subse quently. Some variations from this
format may be found in a particular standard.
SEC. PAGE SEC. PAGE
Foreword 4.5 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

I In troductio n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
5 Verification
I.A Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
5. 1 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
I.B History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vll
5.2 Plant Inspection and Rejection . . . . . . . . 2 5
I.C Acceptance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
II Special Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix 6 Delivery
II.A Chlorine and Chloramine 6. 1 Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Degradation of Elastomers . . . . . . . . ix 6.2 Preparation for Shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
III Use ofThis Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix 6.3 Affidavit of Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
III.A Purchaser Options and Alternatives ... ix
Appendixes
III.B Modification to Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
A Installation, Operation, and
IV Major Revisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Maintenance of Resilient-Seated
v Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Gate Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
A. l General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Standard A.2 Unloading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1 General A.3 Receiving Inspection .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 A.4 Storage .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1 .2 Purpose .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 A.5 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1 .3 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 A.6 Maintenance .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1

A.7 Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2 References .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
B Valve Bypasses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3 Definitions..................................... 5 B. l General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
B.2 Filling a Pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4 Requirements
B.3 Pressure Equalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.1 Data to Be Supplied by the B.4 Types of Bypasses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Manufacturer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.2 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Tables
4.3 General Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 1 Design Torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
4.4 Detailed Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 2 Minimum Full Waterway Sizes . . . . . . . . 1 1
v
SEC. PAGE SEC. PAGE
3 Minimum Thickness of Body and 7 Stainless-Steel Valve Stern Alloys . . . . . . 1 7

Bonnet ...................................... 12 8 Proof-of-Design Torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 8
4 Minimum Thickness for Ductile- 9 Minimum Diameter of Stern and
Iron Connecting End Flanges . . . . 1 3 Minimum Number of Turns to
5 Excess Flange Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4 Fully Open . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 9
6 Stern, Gate, Thrust Collar, and Stern 10 Outside Diameter o f Handwheels . . . 2 1
Nut Copper Alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 11 Gear Ratios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
vi
Foreword
This foreword is for information only and is not a part of ANSJ*IAWWA C509.
I. Introduction.
I.A. Background. This standard describes resilient-seated gate valves with

nonrising sterns (NRS) and outside screw-and-yoke (OS&Y) rising sterns, including
tapping gate valves for water supply service. The resilient-seated gate valve has been in
service in various water utility applications since 1 975.
I.B. History. The first edition of ANSl/AWWA C509, Resilient-Seated Gate
Valves, was published in 1 980. ANSl/AWWA C509 includes body and bonnet parts
of either gray or ductile cast iron with shell-wall thicknesses equal to those of ANSI/
AWWA C500, Metal-Seated Gate Valves, which was first issued in 1 952 as ANSI/
AWWA C500 but had its roots going back to the first AWWA standard for gate valves
adopted on June 24, 1 9 1 3 .
The Manufacturers Standardization Society o f the Valves and Fittings Industry
(MSS) has played an important role in developing this standard. Founded in 1 924,
MSS has had official organizational representation on AWWA standards committees
dealing with valve and hydrant products since 1 930.
The first edition of ANSl/AWWA C509 was approved by the AWWA Board of
Directors on Jan. 28, 1 980, with subsequent editions approved in 1 987, 1 994, 200 1 ,
2009, and o n June 7 , 20 1 5 . This edition was approved on Jan. 1 2, 2023.
I.C. Acceptance. In May 1 985 , the US Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF
lnternational t (NSF) to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a
certification program for direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other members of
the original consortium included the Water Research Foundation i (formerly AwwaRF)
and the Conference of State Health and Environmental Managers (COSHEM) .
AWWA and the Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA) joined
later.
In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact with,
drinking water rests with individual states. § Local agencies may choose to impose
*American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036.
t N S F International, 789 North Dixboro Road, Ann A rbor, MI 48105.
* Water Research Foundation, 6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235.
§ Persons outside the United States should contact the a ppropriate authority having jurisdiction.
vii
requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate the health
effects of products and drinking water additives from such products, state and local
agencies may use various references, including
1. Specific policies of the state or local agency.
2. Four standards developed under the direction of NSF: NSF/ANSI/CAN 60,
Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals-Health Effects; NSFIANSI/ CAN 6 1 , Drinking
Water System Components-Health Effects; NSF/ANSI/CAN 372, Drinking Water
System Components-Lead Content; and NSF/ANSI/CAN 600, Health Effects
Evaluation and Criteria for Chemicals in Drinking Water.
3. Other references, including AWWA standards, Food Chemicals Codex, Wftter
Chemicals Codex,' and other standards considered appropriate by the state or local
agency.
Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying products in
accordance with NSF/ANSI/CAN 6 1 . Individual states or local agencies have authority
to accept or accredit certification organizations within their jurisdictions. Accreditation
of certification organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
NSF/ANSI/CAN 600 (which formerly appeared in NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 and 6 1
as Annex A, "Toxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures") does not stipulate a
maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not regulated by a
USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL) . The MALs of an unspecified list of
"unregulated contaminants" are based on toxicity testing guidelines (noncarcinogens)
and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens) . Use of NSF/ANSI/CAN 600
procedures may not always be identical, depending on the certifier.
ANSI/AWWA C509 does not address additives requirements. Thus, users of this
standard should consult the appropriate state or local agency having jurisdiction in
order to
1. Determine additives requirements including applicable standards.
2. Determine the status of certifications by parties offering to certify products
for contact with, or treatment of, drinking water.
3. Determine current information on product certification.
Some jurisdictions (including California, Maryland, Vermont, and Louisiana)
call for reduced lead limits for materials in contact with potable water. Various third
party certifiers have been assessing products against these lead content criteria, and
an ANSI-approved national standard, NSF/ANSI/CAN 372, Drinking Water System
' Both publications are available from National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington,
DC 20001.
viii
Components-Lead Content, was published in 20 1 0 . On Jan. 4, 20 1 1 , legislation
was signed revising the definition for "lead free" within the Safe Drinking Water Act
(SDWA) as it pertains to "pipe, pipe fittings, plumbing fittings, and fixtures." The
changes went into effect on Jan. 4, 20 14 . In brief, the provisions to the SDWA require
that these products meet a weighted average lead content of not more than 0.25 percent.
II. Special Issues.
II.A. Chlorine and Chloramine Degradation of Elastomers. The selection

of materials is critical for water service and distribution piping in locations where
there is a possibility that elastomers will be in contact with chlorine or chloramines.
Documented research has shown that elastomers such as gaskets, seals, valve seats, and
encapsulations may be degraded when exposed to chlorine or chloramines. The impact
of degradation is a function of the type of elastomeric material, chemical concentration,
contact surface area, elastomer cross section, and environmental conditions as well as
temperature. Careful selection of and specifications for elastomeric materials and the
specifics of their application for each water system component should be considered to
provide long-term usefulness and minimum degradation (swelling, loss of elasticity, or
softening) of the elastomer specified.
III. Use of This Standard. It is the responsibility of the user of an AWWA

standard to determine that the products descri bed in that standard are suitable for use
in the particular application being considered.
III.A. Purchaser Options and Alternatives. The following items should be
provided by the purchaser:
1. Standard used-that is, ANSI/AWWA C509, Resilient-Seated Gate Valves
for Water Supply Service, of latest revision.
2. Whether compliance with NSF/ANSI/CAN 372, Drinking Water System
Components-Lead Content, or an alternative lead content criterion, is required.
3. Whether the purchaser requires that the cast ferrous valve components be
made of ductile iron.
4. Quantity required.
5. Special packaging for shipment as may b e required for protection o f coatings.
6. Whether the pH level of the water is less than 6.5 or greater than 8.5 .
7. Size and type of valve, NRS or OS&Y (Sec. 1 . 1 ) .
8. Whether the valve will b e used i n a corrosive environment (Sec. 1 . 1 .4)
determined by methods described in AWWA Manual M27.
9. Catalog data, net weight, and assembly drawings to be provided by the
manufacturer (Sec. 4 . 1 ) , if required.
ix
1 0. Details of federal, state, provincial, territorial, and local requirements
(Sec. 4.2. 1 ) .
1 1. If test records of valve component materials are required (Sec. 4 .2.4 .2) .
1 2 . Whether the valve will be subjected to water that reacts chemically with
materials used in these valves. Consultation with the manufacturer is advised to
determine the suitability in cases of doubt (Sec. 4.2.4 .5 .5 ).
13. Other coating requirements (Sec. 4.2.4 . 1 1 ) and whether coating (Sec. 4.5 .2)
shall be NSF/ANSI/CAN 61 approved.
14. Cutter diameter must be specified for tapping valves (Sec. 4.3.3.3.2).
NOTE: Tapping machine shell-cutters are made in either full size (outside diameter
[OD] is full nominal size) or undersize (OD is less than full nominal size, i.e., usually
Y2 in. ( 1 3 mm) less [MSS SP- 1 1 3 ]) . The purchaser should specify the size of the shell
cutter that the valve must accept.
1 5 . Whether valves 54 in. ( 1 ,350 mm) and larger shall have a reduced or full-size
waterway (Sec. 4.3.3.2).
1 6. Type of valve ends-flanged, including dimensions (Sec. 4.4. 1 .4. 1 , No. 2),
spot facing (Sec. 4.4. 1 .4 . 1 , No. 3), straddled bolt holes (Sec. 4.4. 1 .4. 1 , No. 5),
mechanical joint (Sec. 4.4. 1 .4.2), push-on joint (Sec. 4.4. 1 .4.3), tapping valve flange
(Sec. 4.4. 1 .4.4), and end flange requirements for tapping valves (Sec. 4.4. 1 .4.4).
1 7. Whether bolting material with physical and chemical properties other than
ASTM A307 is required (Sec. 4.4 .4) . It is recommended that the purchaser verify with
the supplier the appropriateness of any alternative bolting materials required. What
alternative, if any, is desired in the type of rustproofing for bolts and nuts (Sec. 4.4.4 . 1 ) .
1 8. Type of stem seal for NRS valves (Sec. 4.4.6. 1 ) and for OS&Y valves
(Sec. 4 .4.6.2) .
19. Packing material requirements (Sec. 4.4.6.2. 1 ) .
20. Whether the valve is handwheel or wrench-nut operated and the direction in
which the handwheel or wrench nut shall turn to open (Sec. 4.4.7) .
21. Detailed description of wrench nut, if not in accordance with Sec. 4 .4.7.2.
22. Whether gearing is required (Sec. 4.4. 8).
23. Gear material requirements (Sec. 4.4. 8 . 1 ).
24. If gear casing is required (Sec. 4.4.8.2) .
25. If position indicators are required (Sec. 4.4.8.3).
26. Whether records of tests specified in Sec. 5 are to be provided.
27. Special markings (Sec. 6. 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 ), if required.
28. Affidavit of compliance (Sec. 6.3), if required.
x
111.B. Modification to Standard. Any modification of the provisions, definitions,
or terminology in this standard must be provided by the purchaser.
IY. Major Revisions. Major changes made to the standard in this revision
include the following:
1. Updated Sec. l.C., Acceptance, in the foreword with the latest Standards
Council language reflecting the addition of reference to NSF/ANSI/CAN 372
and 600.
2. The scope of the standard was revised to include gate valve sizes 42 -72 in.
( 1 ,050-1 ,800 mm) .
3. Definitions were added to Sec. 3 for potable water, reclaimed water, reduced
waterway, and wastewater.
4. Updated Sec. 4.2. 1 , General, and Sec. 4 .2.2, Permeation, with the latest
Standards Council boilerplate language.
5. The allowable dezincification depth for copper alloys was increased from
25 microns to 1 00 microns in Sec. 4.2.4 . 5 . 5 .
6. Liquid epoxy and fusion bonded epoxy coatings were added as allowable
coatings to Sec. 4.2.4. 1 1 , Coatings.
7. Sec. 4.3.3, Size of Waterway, was revised to require valves sizes 48 in
( 1 ,200 mm) and smaller to have a full waterway and added in a new Sec. 4.3.3.2
providing requirements for reduced and full waterways for valves 54 in. ( 1 ,400 mm)
and larger.
8. Table 2, Minimum full waterway sizes, was revised to include valves sizes
42 -72 in. ( 1 ,050-1 ,800 mm) and added requirements for minimum reduced waterway
diameters for sizes 54-72 in. ( 1 ,350-1 , 800 mm) .
9. Tables 3, 4, 5, 8, and 1 1 were revised to include valves sizes 42 -72 in.
( 1 ,050-1 ,800 mm) .
10. Tables 8 and 9 were revised to include valves sizes 42-72 in. (1 ,050-1 ,800 mm)
and requirements for reduced and full waterways for these sizes.
11. Sec. 4.4. 1 .4.4, Tapping Valve Ends (No. 1 ) , was revised to include sizes up
to 60 in. ( 1 ,500 mm) .
12 . A new Sec. 4.4.7. 1 , Legible Writing, was added to address marking on
wrench nuts and handwheels.
1 3 . A new Appendix B was added on valve bypasses.
xi
V. Comments. If you have any comments or questions about this standard,
please call AWWA Engineering and Technical Services at 303 .794.77 1 1 ; write to the
department at 6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235-3098; or email at
standards @awwa.org.
xii
ANSl/AWWA (509-23
(Revision of ANSl/AWWA C509-15)

Association
Dedicated to the World's Most Vital Resource®
AWWA Standard
..
�........________ ______
Resilient-Seated Gate Valves for Water

Supply Service
S E CT I O N 1 : G E N E RA L
Sec. 1 . 1 Scope
This standard describes iron-body resilient-seated gate valves with nonrising
stems (NRS) and outside screw-and-yoke (OS&Y) rising stems, including tapping
gate valves, for water supply service having a temperature range of 3 3 -1 2 5 °F
(0 .6-52°C) .
1.1.1 Velocity. These valves are intended for applications where fluid
velocity does not exceed 1 6 ft/s (4.9 mis) when the valve is in the full-open position.
1 . 1 .2 Sizes. Gate valves described by this standard are 3 -72 in.
(75 -1 ,800 mm) nominal pipe size (NPS) .
1 . 1 .3 Valve pressure rating. The minimum design working water pressure
shall be 200 psig ( 1 ,380 kPa [gauge]) for 3 -1 2 in. (75 -300 mm) sizes and 1 5 0 psig
( 1 ,034 kPa [gauge]) for 1 4 -72 in. (35 0 -1 ,800 mm) sizes.
1 . 1 .4 Conditions and materials not covered. This standard is not intended
to describe special conditions of gate valve installation or operation, such as built
in power drive, installation in unusually corrosive soil, conveyance of unusually
corrosive water, excessive water hammer, frequent operation (as in filter service), or
operation in a throttled position. These conditions are beyond the intended scope
of this standard and require special consideration in design and construction.
2 AWWA C509-23
1 . 1 .5 Joint accessories. Joint accessories for end connections, such as bolts,

gaskets, glands, and follower rings, are not described in this standard.
Sec. 1.2 Purpose

The purpose of this standard is to provide the minimum requirements for
resilient-seated gate valves for water supply service, including application, materials,
design, testing, inspection, rejection, marking, and shipping.
Sec. 1.3 Application

This standard can be referenced in specifications for purchasing and receiving
resilient-seated gate valves for water supply service.
1 .3 . 1 Stipulations. The stipulations of this standard apply when this
document has been referenced and then only to resilient-seated gate valves for
water supply service.
1 .3.2 Compatibility. The valves encompassed by this standard require
considerations for compatibility with the material being conveyed from both
chemical and physical perspectives. Was tewater implies a lack of control over its
chemical and physical composition. Valves in compliance with this standard may
be suitable for wastewater applications ; however, compliance does not ensure
manufacturer approval of a specific valve in wastewater applications. Suitability
for a specific valve should be determined by analyzing a particular wastewater
application in conjunction with the manufacturer.
S E CT I O N 2: R E F E R E N C ES
This standard references the following documents. In their latest editions,

they form a part of this standard to the extent specified within the standard. In any
case of conflict, the requirements of this standard shall prevail.
ANSl*/AWWA Cl 1 0/A2 1 . 1 0 -Ductile-lron and Gray-Iron Fittings.
ANSI/AWWA Cl l l /A2 1 . 1 1 -Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile-Iron
Pressure Pipe and Fittings.
ANSI/AWWA C207-Steel Pipe Flanges for Waterworks Service, Sizes 4 In.
Through 1 44 In. ( 1 00 mm Through 3,600 mm).
ANSl/AWWA CSSO-Protective Interior Coatings for Valves and Hydrants.
*American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036.
RESILIENT-SEATED GATE VALVES FOR WATER SUPPLY SERVICE 3
ANSl/AWWA C600 -lnstallation of Ductile-Iron Mains and Their

Appurtenances.
ANSl/SAE t AS568A-Aerospace Size Standard for 0-Rings.
ASME * B 1 6.l -Gray Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: Classes 25,
1 2 5 , and 250.
ASME B 1 6 . 1 0 -Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions ofValves.
ASME Bl 8.2. l -Square, Hex, Heavy Hex, and Askew Head Bolts and Hex,
Heavy Hex, Hex Flange, Lobed Head, and Lag Screws (Inch Series) .
ASME B 1 8.2.3. 1 M -Metric Hex Cap Screws.
ASME B 1 8.3-Socket Cap, Shoulder, Set Screws, and Hex Keys (Inch Series).
ASME B 1 8. 3 . 1 M -Socket Head Cap Screws (Metric Series) .
ASTM § A27IA27M-Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for
General Application.
ASTM A126-Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Valves,
Flanges, and Pipe Fittings.
ASTM A1 5 3/A1 53M-Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip)
on Iron and Steel Hardware.
ASTM A276/A276M-Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and
Shapes.
ASTM A307-Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts, Studs, and
Threaded Rod 60,000 PSI Tensile Strength.
ASTM A380/A380M-Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and
Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems.
ASTM A395/A395M-Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron
Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures.
ASTM A473 -Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Forgings.
ASTM A536-Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings.
ASTM A5 82/A5 82M-Standard Specification for Free-Machining Stainless
Steel Bars.
ASTM A7 43/A743M-Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium,
Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application.
ASTM B 1 6/B16M-Standard Specification for Free-Cutting Brass Rod, Bar,
and Shapes for Use in Screw Machines.
t SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096.

* A SME, Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016.
§ ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.
4 AWWA C509-23
ASTM B62-Standard Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce

Metal Castings.
ASTM B98/B98M-Standard Specification for Copper-Silicon Alloy Rod,
Bar, and Shapes.
ASTM B l 24/Bl 24M-Standard Specification for Copper and Copper Alloy
Forging Rod, Bar, and Shapes.
ASTM B l 38/Bl 38M-Standard Specification for Manganese Bronze Rod,
Bar, and Shapes.
ASTM B l48-Standard Specification for Aluminum-Bronze Sand Castings.
ASTM B 1 54 -Standard Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for Copper
Alloys.
ASTM B283/B283M-Standard Specification for Copper and Copper-Alloy
Die Forgings (Hot-Pressed) .
ASTM B584-Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for
General Applications.
ASTM B633-Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc
on Iron and Steel.
ASTM B763/B763M -Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Sand
Castings for Valve Applications.
ASTM B824-Standard Specification for General Requirements for Copper
Alloy Castings.
ASTM D39 5 -Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property-Compression
Set.
ASTM D429 -Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property-Adhesion to
Rigid Substrates.
ASTM D47 1 -Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Effect of
Liquids.
ASTM D 1 1 49-Standard Test Methods for Rubber Deterioration-Cracking
in an Ozone Controlled Environment.
ASTM D2000-Standard Classification System for Rubber Products in
Automotive Applications.
ASTM DS56/SAE HS- 1 086. 20 1 2. Metals and Alloys in the Unified
Numbering System.
AWWA Manual M27-External Corrosion Control for Infrastructure
Sustainability.
ISO 6509 '-Corrosion of Metals and Alloys-Determination of

Dezincification Resistance of Brass.
MIL-P-24752-Military Specification: Packing Material, Fl ax or Hemp.
MSS** SP-9 -Spot Facing for Bronze, Iron, and Steel Flanges.
MSS SP-60-Connecting Flange Joints Between Tapping Sleeves and Tapping
Valves.
MSS SP- 1 1 3 -Connecting Joints Between Tapping Machines and Tapping
Valves.
NSF/ANSI/CAN 6 1 -Drinking Water System Components-Health
Effects.
NSF/ANSI/CAN 372-Drinking Water System Components-Lead
Content.
S E CT I O N 3 : D E F I N ITI O N S
The following definitions shall apply in this standard:

1 . Antiseize compound: A compound that aids in nondestructive assembly
and disassembly of threaded components.
2. Cosmetic deject: Blemishes that have no effect on the ability of the
component to meet the structural design and production test requirements of this
standard. Should the activities of plugging, welding, grinding, or repairing of the
blemish cause the component to fail these requirements, the blemish may not be
considered a cosmetic defect.
3. Flanged joint: The flanged and bolted joint as described in ANSI/
AWWA Cl 1 0/A2 1 . 1 0 or ASME B 1 6. l Class 1 25 or Sec. 4.4 . 1 .4 . 1 of this standard.
4. Full waterway: The waterway through the entire length of the valve in
the full-open position that provides an unobstructed cylindrical flow path. The
diameter of the flow path is equal to or larger than the nominal valve size.
5. Manufacturer: The party that manufactures, fabricates, or produces
materials or products.
6. Mechanical joint: The gasketed and bolted joint as described in ANSI/
AWWA Cl 1 0/A2 1 . 1 0 or ANSl/AWWA Cl 1 1 /A2 1 . 1 l .
' International Organization for Standardization, ISO Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214
Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland.
** Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, 127 Park Street, NE, V ienna, VA 22180.
6 AWWA C509-23
7. Nominal pipe size (NPS): A size identification number, not necessarily

the actual dimension that approximates the diameter of pipe.
8. Nominal valve size: The size of valve expressed in inches or millimeters
as the integer value of the nominal pipe size (NPS) designation with which the end
connection of the valve is intended to be used.
9. Potable water: Water that is safe and satisfactory for drinking and
cooking.
1 0 . Purchaser: The person, company, or organization that purchases any
materials or work to be performed.
1 1 . Push-on joint: The single rubber-gasket joint as described in ANSI/
AWWA Cl 1 1 /A2 1 . 1 l .
12 . Reclaimed water: Wastewater that becomes suitable for beneficial use
as a result of treatment.
1 3 . Reduced waterway: The waterway through the valve in the full-open
position that provides a cross-sectional area of flow at any location that is less than
the area of a circle having a diameter equal to the nominal valve size.
14 . Structural deject: Flaws that cause the component to fail the structural
design or test requirements of this standard. These include but are not limited to
imperfections that result in leakage through the walls of a casting, failure to meet
minimum wall thickness requirement, or failure to meet production tests.
1 5 . Supplier: The party that supplies materials or services. A supplier may
or may not be the manufacturer.
16. Tapping valve: A special gate valve designed with end connections
and an unobstructed waterway to provide proper alignment and positioning of a
tapping sleeve, valve, and machine for tapping pipe dry or under pressure.
17. Wastewater: A combination of the liquid and water-carried waste
from residences, commercial buildings, industrial plants, and institutions, together
with any groundwater, surface water, and stormwater that may be present.
S E CT I O N 4: R E Q U I RE M E NTS
Sec. 4. 1 Data to Be Supplied by the Manufacturer

When required in the purchase documents, the manufacturer shall provide
the following information when supplying iron-body resilient-seated gate valves.
4. 1 . 1 Catalog data. The manufacturer shall supply catalog data, including

illustrations and a parts list that identify the materials used for various parts.
4. 1 . 1 . 1 Catalog detail. The information shall be in sufficient detail to
serve as a guide in the assembly and disassembly of the valve and for ordering repair
parts.
4. 1 .2 Weight information. Manufacturer shall provide a statement of the
net assembled weight for each size of valve exclusive of joint accessories.
4. 1 .3 Assembly drawings. Manufacturer shall submit to the purchaser
one set of drawings showing the principal dimensions, construction details, and
materials used for valve parts.
4. 1 . 3 . 1 Drawing review. Work shall be done and valves shall be provided
m accordance with these drawings after the drawings have been reviewed and
accepted by the purchaser.
Sec. 4.2 Materials

Materials used in valves produced according to this standard shall conform to
the requirements stipulated in the following sections.
4.2. 1 General. Materials shall comply with the requirements of the Safe
Drinking Water Act and applicable federal, state, provincial, territorial, or other
authoritative regulations for potable water and reclaimed water systems.
4.2.2 Permeation. The selection of materials is critical for potable
water, wastewater, and reclaimed water service and distribution piping systems in
locations where there is likelihood the piping system will be exposed to significant
concentrations of pollutants composed of low-molecular-weight petroleum
products or organic solvents or their vapors. Research has documented that piping
system materials such as polyethylene, polybutylene, and polyvinyl chloride, and
asbestos cement and elastomers used in gaskets and packing glands, are subject to
permeation by low-molecular-weight organic solvents or petroleum products. If a
potable water, wastewater, or reclaimed water piping system must pass through such
a contaminated area or an area subject to contamination, consult the manufacturer
regarding permeation of pipe walls, valve components, jointing materials, and
other piping system components before selecting materials for use in that area.
4.2.3 Dissimilar metals. In the presence of an electrolyte, direct contact
between metals of dissimilar corrosion resistance may result in galvanic corrosion
of the more active, less corrosion-resistant material.
4.2.3. 1 Selection of materials. When dissimilar metals must be used for
internal parts, the rate of corrosion shall be reduced as much as practical through
8 AWWA C509-23
the selection of materials that exhibit similar resistance to corrosion, by placing a

dielectric material between metals, or by applying a dielectric coating.
4.2.3.2 Water quality or premature failure. When contact between
dissimilar metals cannot be avoided, the assembly shall be designed so that the
resulting corrosion will be minimized and will not adversely affect water quality or
result in malfunctioning or premature failure of the assembly.
4.2.4 Physical and chemical properties. The requirements of AWWA,
ANSI, ASTM, or other standards referenced in this text shall govern the physical
and chemical characteristics of the valve components.
4.2.4 . 1 Testing. Whenever valve components are to be made in
conformance with AWWA, ANSI, ASTM, or other standards that include test
requirements or testing procedures, the manufacturer or supplier shall comply with
those procedures.
4.2.4.2 Test records. Records of tests performed shall, if required by the
purchase documents, be made available to the purchaser.
4.2.4.3 Gray iron. Gray iron shall conform to or exceed the requirements
of ASTM A126 Class B.
4.2.4.4 Ductile iron. Ductile iron shall conform to the requirements
of ASTM A395/A395M or ASTM A536. In addition, ductile iron shall have a
minimum yield strength of 45 ,000 psi and minimum elongation of 5 percent.
4.2.4.5 Copper alloys. Copper alloys used in valves shall comply with the
following:
4.2.4 . 5 . 1 Copper alloy valve components shall be made to ASTM
recognized alloy specifications with unified numbering system (UNS) * for metals
and alloys designations.
4.2.4.5.2 Copper alloys are not limited to those specified in this standard.
4.2.4 .5 .3 Copper alloys must meet the performance requirements of this
standard including minimum yield strength, chemical requirements, and corrosion
resistance.
4.2.4 . 5 .4 Any copper alloy used in the cold-worked condition shall be
capable of passing the mercurous nitrate test in accordance with ASTM B 1 54 to
minimize susceptibility to stress corrosion.
4.2.4.5.5 Waters in some areas have been shown to promote corrosion in
the form of dezincification or dealuminization of copper alloys. The manufacturer
*Joint publication of ASTM and SAE (A STM D S56/ SAE H S-1086, 2012).
should be notified if this condition exists. Copper alloys that contain more than
1 6 percent zinc shall not be used in these waters unless specimens of the alloy tested
in accordance with ISO 6509 exhibit dezincification depth of less than 1 00 µm. If
aluminum bronze is used, the alloys shall be inhibited against dealuminization.
4.2.4.5.6 Copper alloys that contain more than 16 percent zinc shall not
contain less than 57 percent copper.
4.2.4.5.7 Copper alloys that contain 1 6 percent or less zinc shall not contain
less than 79 percent copper.
4.2.4.5.8 Valve components manufactured from some grades of manganese,
bronze, or some other materials are subject to stress corrosion. The manufacturer
shall design the valve and select materials to minimize stress corrosion.
4.2.4 .5 .9 Copper alloys that contact drinking water shall comply with the
Safe Drinking Water Act.
4.2.4.6 Carbon steel. Carbon steel castings, when used, shall conform to
the requirements of ASTM A27/A27M Grade U-60-30 or equivalent.
4.2.4.7 Stainless steel. Stainless steel used in valves shall comply with the
following:
4.2.4.7. 1 The chemical compos ltlon of stainless-steel valve components
shall contain not less than 1 5 percent chromium or more than 0.25 percent carbon
and shall be processed to reduce the formation of chromium carbides.
4.2.4.7.2 Stainless-steel valve components shall be made to ASTM
recognized alloy specifications with metal and alloys in the UNS.
4.2.4.7.3 Stainless-steel alloys are not limited to those specified herein.
4.2.4.7.4 Stainless-steel alloys must meet the performance requirements of
this standard including the minimum yield strength and chemical requirements.
4.2.4.7. 5 After final forming and machining, exogenous iron shall be
removed from finished stainless-steel components that come in contact with water
or those components shall be passivated in accordance with ASTM A380/A380M.
4.2.4.7.6 Other stainless-steel components shall be cleaned and descaled in
accordance with the manufacturer's requirements.
4.2.4.8 Gaskets. Gasket material shall be made of inorganic mineral
fiber, natural or synthetic rubber composition, or paper that is free from corrosive
ingredients.
4.2.4.9 0-rings. 0-rings or other suitable elastomeric seals may be used.
4.2.4.9. 1 0-rings shall meet the requirements of ASTM D2000 and have
physical properties suitable for the application.
10 AWWA C509-23
4.2.4. 1 0 Watertightness. Gaskets, 0-rings, or other suitable elastomeric

seals shall be used on flanged joints intended to be watertight.
4.2.4. 1 1 Coatings. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, valve
coatings, as required in Sec. 4 . 5.2, shall be water-based enamel coating, black
asphalt coating, liquid epoxy coating, or fusion bonded epoxy coating except as
required by Sec. 4.4. 1 .3 .
4.2.4. 1 2 Elastomers. Elastomers shall comply with the following:
1 . Rubber seats shall be resistant to microbiological attack, copper poisoning,
and ozone attack.
2. Rubber-seat compounds shall contain no more than 8 ppm of copper ion and
shall include copper inhibitors to prevent copper degradation of the rubber material.
3 . Rubber-seat compounds shall be capable of withstanding an ozone
resistance test when tested in accordance with ASTM D 1 1 49. The tests shall
be conducted on unstressed samples for 70 h at 104°F (40 °C) with an ozone
concentration of 500 ppb without visible cracking in the surfaces of the test samples
after a test.
4. Rubber-seat compounds shall have a maximum compression set value
of 20 percent when tested in accordance with ASTM D395 Method B for 22 h at
1 58 °F (70 °C) .
5 . Rubber-seat compounds shall contain no more than 1 .5 parts of wax per
1 00 parts of rubber hydrocarbon and shall have less than 2 percent volume increase
when tested in accordance with ASTM D47 1 after being immersed in distilled
water at 73.4°F ±2°F (23 °C± 1 °C) for 70 h. Reclaimed rubber shall not be used.
6. Rubber-seat compounds shall be free of vegetable oils, vegetable oil
derivatives, animal fats, and animal oils.
Sec. 4.3 General Design

4.3 . 1 Structural design. Valve parts shall be designed to withstand,
without being structurally or otherwise damaged, ( 1 ) an internal test pressure of
twice the rated design working pressure of the valve; and (2) the full-rated internal
working pressure when the closure member is cycled once from a fully open to a
fully closed position against the full-rated unbalanced working water pressure.
4.3.2 Stem torque. The valve assembly and mechanism shall be capable of
withstanding a design valve stem input torque as shown in Table 1 .
4.3.3 Size ofwaterway.
4.3.3 . 1 Valves 48 in. ( 1 ,200 mm) and smaller shall have a full waterway,
the minimum diameter of which is in accordance with Table 2.
Table 1 Design torque

Nominal Valve Size Design Torque
zn. (mm)* ft-lb (Nm)t

3-4 (75-1 00) 200 (270)
6-1 6 ( 1 50-400) 300 (405)
Larger than 1 6 (400) Consult manufacturer
* Nominal valve size mm is soft conversion (nominal in. size x 25).

t Torque Nm is rounded to nearest 5 Nm (fr-lb x 1 .356).
Table 2 Minimum full waterway sizes

Minimum Minimum
Minimum Reduced Minimum Reduced
Nominal Full Waterway Waterway Nominal Full Waterway Waterway
Valve Size Diameter Diameter Valve Size Diameter Diameter
zn. zn. zn. mm mm mm
3 3.00 75 76
4 4.00 1 00 1 02
6 6.00 1 50 1 52
8 8.00 200 203
10 1 0.00 250 254
12 1 2 .00 300 305
14 1 4.00 350 356
16 1 6.00 400 406
18 1 8 .00 450 457
20 20.00 500 508
24 24.00 600 610
30 30.00 750 762
36 36.00 900 914
42 42.00 1 ,050 1 ,067
48 48.00 1 ,200 1 ,2 1 9
54 54.00 48.00 1 ,350 1 ,372 1 ,2 1 9
60 60.00 54.00 1 ,500 1 ,524 1 ,372
66 66.00 60.00 1 ,650 1 ,676 1 ,524
72 72.00 66.00 1 ,800 1 ,829 1 ,676
4.3.3.2 Valves 54 in. ( 1 ,35 0 mm) and larger shall have either a full
waterway, the minimum diameter of which is in accordance with Table 2, or a
reduced waterway, the minimum diameter of which is in accordance with Table 2.
4.3.3.3 Pigging and tapping.
4.3.3.3 . 1 For pipelines to be cleaned by pigging and for tapping valves,
the size of the waterway shall include appropriate clearance for the diameter of
12 AWWA C509-23
the pig or the diameter of the tapping machine cutter recommended by the valve
manufacturer.
4.3.3.3.2 Since some tapping valves may require an undersized cutter,
which is smaller than the nominal diameter of the valve, the valve manufacturer
shall publish the maximum size cutter for each valve size.
Sec. 4.4 Detailed Design

4.4. 1 Body and bonnet.
4.4. 1 . 1 Material. The body and bonnet shall be made of gray iron or
ductile iron.
4.4. 1 .2 Shell thickness. Shell thickness at no point shall be more than
1 2 . 5 percent thinner than the minimum metal thickness stated in Table 3.
4.4. 1 .2. l No continuous area of deficient thickness shall exceed 12.5 percent
of the pressure-containing shell area of the casting.
4.4. 1 .3 Body seating surfaces. Resilient seats shall seal against a corrosion
resistant surface.
Table 3 Minimum thickness of body and bonnet

Nominal Valve Size Minimum Metal Thickness
in. (mm)* in. (mm)t

3 (75) 0.37 (9.4)
4 ( 1 00} 0.40 ( 1 0.2)
6 ( 1 50) 0.4 3 ( 1 0.9)
8 (200) 0.50 ( 1 2 .7)
10 (250) 0.63 ( 1 6.0)
12 (300) 0.68 ( 1 7.3)
14 (350) 0.75 (19.1)
16 (400) 0.85 (2 1 .6)
18 (450) 0.9 4 (23.9)
20 (500) 0.9 7 (24.6)
24 (600) 1 .08 (27.4)
30 (750) 1 .39 (35.3)
36 (900) 1 . 54 (39. 1 )
42 ( 1 ,050) 1 . 58 (40. 1 )
48 ( 1 ,200) 1 .73 (43.9)
54 ( l ,350) 2.20 (55.9)
60 ( 1 ,500) 2.45 (62.2)
66 ( 1 ,650) 2.69 (68.3)
72 ( 1 ,800) 2.93 (74.4)

t Minimum metal thickness mm is hard conversion (in. x 25.4).
4.4. 1 .3 . 1 The surface may be either metallic or nonmetallic, applied in a

manner to withstand the action of the line fluids and the operation of the sealing
gate during long-term service.
4.4. 1 .3.2 A metallic surface shall have a corrosion resistance equivalent to
or better than that of bronze.
4.4. 1 .3.3 A nonmetallic surface shall be epoxy coating.
4.4. 1 .4 Valve end connections. Except as agreed on by the purchaser and
supplier, valve end connections shall conform to the requirements of one of the
following end connection types.
4.4. 1 .4. 1 Flanged ends:
1 . Thickness
a. The thickness for gray-iron end flanges may not be less than specified
in ASME B 1 6. 1 or ANSI/AWWA Cl 1 0/A2 1 . 1 0.
b. Thickness of ductile-iron end flanges may be less than specified in
ASME B 1 6 .1 or ANSI/AWWA C1 1 0/A2 1 . 1 0 but not less than shown
in Table 4.
Table 4 Minimum thickness for ductile-iron connecting end flanges

Nominal Valve Size Flange Thickness
in. (mm) * in. (mm) t

4 ( 1 00) % (19.1)
6 ( 1 50) (19.1)
8 (200) (22.2)
10 (250) (23.8)
12 (300) (25 .4)
14 (350) (25 .4)
16 (400) (25 .4)
18 (450) (25 .4)
20 (500) l Vs (28.6)
24 (600) P/16 (30. 1 )
30 (750) 1 3;8 (34.9)
36 (900) 1% (44.5)
42 ( 1 ,050) 2 (50.8)
48 ( 1 ,200) 2Ys (54.0)
54 ( 1 ,350) 27/16 ( 6 1 .9)
60 ( 1 ,500) 2Y2 (63.5)
66 ( 1 ,650) 2% (69.9)
72 ( 1 ,800) 3 (76.2)
t Flange thickness mm is hard conversion (in. x 25.4).
14 AWWA C509-23
Table 5 Excess flange thickness

Nominal Valve Size Excess Thickness
m. ( mm) * m. ( mm) t
3-1 2 (75-300) � (3.2)
1 4-24 (350-600) 3/J 6 (4.8)
30-54 (750-1 ,350) J;,j (6.4)
60-72 ( 1 ,500-1 ,800) 3/g (9.5)
t Excess thickness mm is hard conversion (in. x 25.4).
2. Other dimensions and drilling of end flanges of flanged valves shall

conform to ASME Bl 6.l Class 125, ANSI/AWWA C207, or ANSI/AWWA
C 1 1 0/A2 l . l 0 except as modified by the purchase documents.
3. Unless spot facing is required by the purchase documents, the bolt holes
of the end flanges shall not be spot faced except:
a. When the thickness at any point within the spot-face area, as defined
in MSS SP-9, exceeds the required minimum flange thickness by
more than indicated in Table 5 or if the flange is not sufficiently flat.
b. When the bearing surfaces for bolting, as defined as the minimum
spot-face diameter according to bolt size in MSS SP-9, are not parallel
within 3 degrees of the flange face.
c. If the foregoing requirements are not met, either spot facing or
backfacing shall be used to meet the requirements.
4. When required, spot facing shall be done in accordance with MSS SP-9.
5. Bolt holes shall straddle the vertical centerline of the valve, unless
otherwise specified by the purchaser.
6. The laying lengths of flanged valves 1 2 in. (300 mm) and smaller shall
conform to the requirements for double-disc gate valves listed in Table 1 of ASME
Bl6. 1 0.
4.4. 1 .4.2 Mechanical-joint ends:
1 . Mechanical-joint bell dimensions shall conform to ANSI/AWWA Cl 1 1 /
A2 1 .l l .
2 . Slots with the same width as the diameter ofthe bolt holes may be provided
instead of holes in the bell flange where the valve body and bonnet interfere with
the j oint assembly.
4.4. 1 .4.3 Push-on joints shall conform to the requirements of ANSI/
AWWA Cl l l /A2 1 . l l .
4.4. 1 .4.4 Tapping valve ends:

1 . The end flange of a tapping valve that forms a joint with the tapping
sleeve shall conform to the dimensions of MSS SP-60 in sizes 3-in. (75-mm)
through 60-in. ( 1 , 500-mm) NPS. For larger sizes, joint dimensions shall be as
agreed to by the purchaser and supplier.
2. The connecting flange of the tapping valve mating with the tapping
machine must be parallel and concentric with the opposite flange and concentric
with the waterway to provide proper alignment for the tapping operation.
3. The end flange of a tapping valve that forms a joint with the tapping
machine shall conform to the dimensions of MSS SP- 1 1 3 .
4.4. 1 . 5 Yokes o n OS&Y valves. O n OS&Y valves, the yokes o n bonnets
may be integral or of bolted-on construction.
4.4. 1 . 5 . 1 If the yoke is not an integral part of the bonnet, it shall be made
of ductile iron or gray iron.
4.4. 1 . 5.2 The design shall be such that a hand cannot be jammed between
a yoke and the handwheel.
4.4.2 Gate. The material of the gate shall be ductile iron, gray iron, or
copper alloy (see Table 6 for copper alloys) .
4.4.2. 1 Resilient seats. Resilient seats shall be bonded or mechanically
attached to the gate.
4.4.2. 1 . 1 The proof-of-design test method used for bonding or vulcanizing
shall be ASTM D429, either Method A or Method B.
4.4.2. 1 .2 For Method A, the minimum strength shall not be less than
250 psi ( 1 ,725 kPa) .
4.4.2. 1 .3 For Method B, the peel strength shall not be less than 75 lb/in.
( 1 3 .2 N/mm).
4.4.2. 1 .4 Exposed mechanical attaching devices and hardware used to
retain the resilient seat shall be of a corrosion-resistant material.
4.4.3 Guides. If guiding is required to obtain shutoff, the design shall be
such that corrosion in the guide area does not affect seating.
4.4.4 Bolting. Bolting materials, excluding joint accessories, shall meet
the mechanical strength requirements of ASTM A307 and shall have either regular
square, hexagonal, or socket heads with dimensions conforming to ASME B 1 8 .2. 1 ,
ASME Bl 8 .2.3. 1 M , ASME Bl8.3, or ASME B l 8.3. 1 M .
16 AWWA C509-23
Table 6 Stem, gate, thrust collar, and stem nut copper alloys
Copper Alloy*
ASTM Specification Number Alloy Designation
ASTM B l 6 UNS C36000

Stems, gates, and thrust collars ASTM B283 UNS C67600
ASTM B98 UNS C66 1 00
UNS C86200
UNS C95300
UNS C95500
ASTM B584 UNS C86200
UNS C86500t
UNS C86700t
UNS C87500
UNS C87600
UNS C876 1 0
ASTM B763 UNS C86200
UNS C86500t
UNS C86700t
UNS C99400
UNS C99500
ASTM B62 UNS C83600

ASTM B824 UNS C844oot
Stem nuts and gates ASTM B l 24 UNS C37700
UNS C95300
UNS C95500
ASTM B584 UNS C844oot
UNS C83450
UNS C86700t
UNS C87500
UNS C876 1 0
ASTM B763 UNS C86500t
UNS C86700t
UNS C95200
UNS C95500
UNS C95800
UNS C99400
UNS C99500
* Alloys actually used or specified are not limited to those listed-see Sec. 4.2.4.5.2.
t Compliance with ANSI/AWWA C509 requires the manufacturer to specify minimum mechanical (yield strength) or chemical
(copper and/or zinc) requirements that exceed the minimums required for this alloy by the ASTM specification(s) listed.
4.4.4 . 1 Corrosion resistance. Bolts, studs, and nuts shall be zinc-coated

(ASTM A1 53/A1 53M or ASTM B633) or made corrosion-resistant by some other
process disclosed and acceptable to the purchaser.
4.4.4. 1 . 1 The purchaser may specify bolts, studs, and nuts made from a
specified corrosion-resistant material, such as low-zinc bronze, nickel-copper alloy,
or stainless steel.
4.4.4. 1 .2 Stainless-steel bolts and studs shall not be used on stainless-steel
nuts unless the threads are coated with an antiseize compound or the fastening
components are made of different alloys or some other means are used to prevent
galling.
4.4.4.2 Recessed sockets. Recessed socket in bolts shall be plugged and/
or sealed.
4.4.5 Stem, stem nut, and thrust collar. Copper-alloy stems, stem nuts,
thrust collars, and gates shall be made from an alloy listed in Table 6.
4.4. 5 . 1 Stainless-steel stems. Stainless-steel stems shall be made from an
alloy listed in Table 7.
4.4.5 . 1 . 1 When stainless-steel stems are used, the stem, stem nut, and
thrust collar materials shall be selected to prevent galling when subjected to the
torques given in Table 8 .
4.4. 5 .2 Stem yield strength. Valve stems shall have a yield strength of
20,000 psi ( 1 37,800 kPa) or greater.
4.4. 5.3 Stem nuts. Stem nuts shall be made from copper alloys that have
a yield strength of 1 4,000 psi (96,500 kPa) or greater (see Table 6).
4.4. 5 .4 NRS stems. The stem must have a thrust collar that shall be
integral or nonintegral with the stem.
Table 7 Stainless-steel valve stem alloys

ASTM Specification Number Alloy Designation*
A5TM A276 UN5 530400

A5TM A276 UN5 53 1 600
A5TM A276 UN5 543 1 00
A5TM A473 UN5 530400
A5TM A473 UN5 53 1 600
A5TM A582 UN5 543020
A5TM A743 CF8 J92600
A5TM A743 CF8M J92900
* Alloys actually used or specified are not limited to those listed-see Sec. 4.2.4.7.
18 AWWA C509-23
Table 8 Proof-of-design torque

Nominal Valve Size Proof-of-Design Torque
m. (mm)* ft-lb (NmY

3-4 (75-1 00) 250 (340)
6-1 2 ( 1 50-300) 350 (475)
1 4-24 (350-600) 400 (545)
30 (750) 500 (680)
36 (900) 600 (8 1 5)
42 ( 1 ,050) 700 (950)
48 ( 1 ,200) 800 ( 1 ,085)
54+ ( 1 ,350) 800 ( 1 ,085)
54 ( 1 ,350) 1 ,000 ( 1 ,355)
60:j: ( 1 ,500) 1 ,000 ( 1 ,355)
60 ( 1 ,500) 1 ,200 ( 1 ,625)
66:j: ( 1 ,650) 1 ,200 ( 1 ,625)
66 ( 1 ,650) 1 ,400 ( 1 ,900)
72+ ( 1 ,800) 1 ,400 ( 1 ,900)
72 ( 1 ,800) 1 ,600 (2, 1 70)
t Torque Nm is rounded ro nearest 5 Nm (ft-lb x 1 .356).
t Reduced waterway
4.4. 5 . 5 OS&Y stems. OS&Y valve stems shall be of sufficient length so

as to be at least flush with the top of the stem nut after the gate is fully closed.
4.4. 5 . 5 . 1 The design shall prevent any possibility of the gate leaving the
stem or the stem turning during the operation of the valve.
4.4.5.6 Threads. The threads of stems and stem nuts shall be of Acme,
modified Acme, stub Acme, or one-half V type.
4.4.5.6. 1 Stems and stem nuts shall be threaded straight and true and shall
work true and smooth throughout the lift of opening and thrust of closing the
valve.
4.4.5.7 Diameter. The stem diameters and turns to open shall be as
shown in Table 9.
4.4.6 Stem sealing. The sealing system shall be designed to be watertight
at the rated working pressure of the valve.
4.4.6. 1 NRS valves.
4.4.6. 1 . 1 A stem-seal plate or 0-ring packing plate shall be made of ductile
iron or gray iron.
Table 9 Minimum diameter of stem and minimum number of turns to fully open
NRS Valves OS&YValves
Minimum
Minimum Diameter of Minimum

Number of Stem Unthreaded Number of
Minimum Diameter Turns of Section and Thread Turns of
Nominal Valve Size of Stem* Stem to Fully oDt Stem to Fully
zn. (mm)* zn. (mm)§ Open zn. (mm)§ Open'
3 (75) 0.859 (2 1 .82) 9 3,4 (19.1) 7

4 ( 1 00) 0.859 (2 1 .82) 12 (25 .4) 9
6 ( 1 50) 1 .000 (25.40) 18 l Vs (28.6) 18
8 (200) 1 .000 (25.40) 24 lVl (3 1 .8) 25
10 (250) 1 . 1 25 (28.58) 30 Pis (34.9) 31
12 (300) 1 . 1 88 (30. 1 8) 36 Pis (34.9) 37
14 (350) 1 .438 (36. 53) 48 1 V2 (38 . 1 ) 48
16 (400) 1 .438 (36. 53) 48 1 V2 (38 . 1 ) 48
18 (450) 1 .750 (44.45) 40 2 (50.8) 40
20 (500) 1 .750 (44.45) 40 2 (50.8) 40
24 (600) 1 .969 (50. 0 1 ) 48 214 (57.2) 48
30 (750) 2. 1 88 (55. 58) 60 2Y2 (63.5) 60
36 (900) 2.500 (63.50) 72
42 ( 1 ,050) 2.75 (69.9) 84
48 ( 1 ,200) 3.43 (87. 1 ) 96
54** ( 1 ,350) 3.43 (87. 1 ) 96
54 ( 1 ,350) 3.63 (92.2) 1 08
60** ( 1 ,500) 3.63 (92.2) 1 08
60 ( 1 ,500) 3.86 (98.0) 1 20
66** ( 1 ,650) 3.86 (98.0) 1 20
66 ( 1 ,650) 4. 1 6 ( 1 05.7) 1 32
72** ( 1 ,800) 4. 1 6 ( 1 05.7) 1 32
72 ( 1 ,800) 4.2 5 ( 1 08.0) 1 44
* The diameter of the stem at the base of the thread or at any point below that portion shaped to receive the wrench nut or gear
on NRS valves or the minimum diameter of the stem unthreaded section and thread OD for OS&Y valves shall not be less than
specified.
t Outside diameter.

§ Stem diameter mm is hard conversion (in. 25.4).
x
1 Values shown for 6- through 1 2-in. nominal valve size are for single-lead threads. If a double-lead thread is used, minimum turns
become 13, 17, 2 1 , and 25 for sizes 6- through 12-in. nominal valve size inclusive.
··Reduced waterway
20 AWWA C509-23
4.4.6. 1 .2 Stem openings, if bushed, or stem-seal cartridges shall be of a

copper alloy or a synthetic polymer with physical properties suitable for the
application.
4.4.6. 1 .3 Stem-seal plate bolts and nuts shall conform to the requirements
as specified in Sec. 4.4.4.
4.4.6. 1 .4 On NRS valves, the stem opening, thrust-bearing recess, and
bonnet face of the stem-seal plate shall be machined or finished in a manner that
will provide surfaces that are smooth and either parallel or perpendicular to the
stem axis within 0.5 degrees.
4.4.6. 1 . 5 When an 0-ring or other pressure-actuated stem seal is used, the
design shall incorporate at least two such seals.
4.4.6. 1 .6 The dimensions of the 0-rings shall be in accordance with ANSI/
SAE AS568A.
4.4.6.2 OS&Y valves. A stuffing box shall be provided to contain stem
packing.
4.4.6.2. l Stuffing-box packing shall be made of flax conforming to
MIL-P-24752. Hemp, asbestos, or jute packing shall not be used.
4.4.6.2.2 Stuffing boxes shall have a depth not less than the diameter of the
valve stem.
4.4.6.2.3 The internal diameter of the stuffing box shall be large enough to
contain adequate packing to prevent leakage around the stem.
4.4.6.2.4 Stuffing boxes shall be packed properly and ready for service
when valves are delivered to the purchaser.
4.4.6.2.5 Stuffing-box bolts may need to be adjusted to stop leakage at the
time of installation.
4.4.6.3 Packing glands, gland followers, gland bolts, and gland-bolt nuts.
The packing gland assembly shall be of solid, solid-bushed, or two-piece designs.
4.4.6.3 . 1 Followers may be formed as a flanged end on the gland or as a
separate item.
4.4.6.3.2 Packing glands shall be made of a copper alloy, synthetic polymer,
gray iron, or ductile iron.
4.4.6.3.3 If a gland follower is used, it shall be made of either ductile iron
or gray iron or a copper alloy.
4.4.6.3.4 Gland bolts and nuts shall be according to Sec. 4.4.4.
4.4.6.3.5 Gland-bolt nuts shall be made of a copper alloy or stainless steel.
4.4.6.4 Stem-seal replacement.
4.4.6.4. 1 NRS valves shall be designed so that the seal above the stem collar
can be replaced with the valve under pressure in the fully open position.
4.4.6.4.2 Design of OS&Y valves shall be such that the stuffing box can be
packed when the valves are in the fully open position and under pressure.
4.4.7 Wrench nuts and handwheels. Except as shown in Sec. 4.4.8.6,
wrench nuts and handwheels shall be made of gray iron or ductile iron.
4.4.7. 1 Legible writing. All text, lettering, and arrows must be fully
defined, uniform, and legible after manufacturer's coatings have been applied. The
text must be readable for the purposes of identifying the direction of opening, and
as such it must be readable from a distance appropriate for a given application.
4.4.7.2 Nuts. Unless otherwise explicitly required by the purchase
documents, the wrench nuts shall be l 1 './1 6-in. (49.2-mm) square at the top, 2-in.
(50.8-mm) square at the base, and 1 %-in. (44. 5 mm) high.
4.4.7.2. 1 Nuts shall have a flanged base on which shall be cast an arrow at
least 2-in. (50.8-mm) long showing the direction of the opening.
4.4.7.2.2 The word "OPEN" in 1/2-in. ( 1 2.7-mm) or larger letters shall be
cast on the nut to indicate clearly the direction to turn the wrench when opening
the valve.
4.4.7.3 Handwheels. Handwheels shall be of the spoke type only.
Webbed or disc types are not permissible.
4.4.7.3 . 1 The outside diameter of handwheels shall not be less than those
given in Table 1 0 .
4.4.7.3.2 An arrow showing the direction to turn the handwheel to open
the valve, with the word "OPEN" in 1/2-in. ( 1 2.7-mm) or larger letters in a break
in the arrow shaft, shall be cast on the rim of the handwheel so as to be read easily.
Table 10 Outside diameter of handwheels*

Nominal Valve Size Minimum Diameter of Handwheel
zn. (mm)t zn. (mm)*

3 (75) 7 ( 1 78)
4 ( 1 00) 10 (254)
6 ( 1 50) 12 (3 05)
8 (200) 14 (356)
10 (250) 16 (406)
12 (300) 16 (406)
* For sizes larger than 1 2 in. (300 mm), consult the manufacturer.
t Nominal valve size mm is soft conversion (nominal in. size 25).
x
t Handwheel diameter mm is hard conversion (in. x 25.4).

22 AWWA C509-23
4.4.7.4 Operating mechanism. NRS valves are to be supplied with

wrench nuts or handwheels. OS&Y valves are to be supplied with handwheels.
4.4.7.5 Direction of opening. The standard direction of opening is
counterclockwise as viewed from the top. Valves opening in the opposite direction
(clockwise) may be specified.
4.4.7.6 Method of securing. Wrench nuts or handwheels shall be fitted
to the valve stem on NRS valves. Handwheels shall be fitted to the stem nut on
OS&Y valves. In both cases, they shall be secured by mechanical means.
4.4.7.7 Color coding. Wrench nuts and handwheels that open the valve
by turning to the right (clockwise) shall be painted red, and wrench nuts and
handwheels that open the valve by turning to the left (counterclockwise) shall be
painted black.
4.4.8 Gearing. If gears are required by the purchase documents, they
shall be accurately formed and smooth running, with a pinion shaft operating in a
bronze, self-lubricating, or permanently sealed antifriction bearing.
4.4. 8 . 1 Material. Geared valves shall be equipped with steel, ductile-iron,
or gray-iron gears.
4.4.8. 1 . 1 If cast-iron gears are provided, the pinion shall be steel.
4.4.8. 1 .2 Material for steel gears shall be ASTM A27/A27M Grade U-60-30
or equivalent.
4.4. 8 .2 Gear cases. Valves using 0-ring or V-type stem seals may have
the gear case attached directly to the valve.
4.4.8.2. 1 When geared valves are provided, enclosed gear cases are required
unless definitely excluded by the purchaser's requirements.
4.4. 8 .3 Indicators. When required by the purchaser, geared valves shall
be equipped with indicators to show the position of the gate in relation to the
waterway.
4.4. 8 .4 Gear ratio. Gear ratios shall not be less than those shown m
Table 1 1 .
4.4 .8 .5 Input torque. The maximum input torque shall be as
recommended by the manufacturer.
4.4. 8 .6 Wrench nut/handwheel. Geared valves may have a fabricated
wrench nut or handwheel with an "open" direction tag and arrow mechanically
secured.
4.4.9 Bypasses. Bypass sizes vary depending on the type of bypass and the
manufacturer's valve design.
Table 1 1 Gear ratios

Nominal Valve Size
in. ( m m) * Minimum Gear Ratio
1 6-24 (400-600) 2: 1
30-36 (750-900) 3: 1
42-54 ( 1 ,050- 1 ,350) 4: 1
60-72 ( 1 ,500-1 ,800) 6: 1
4.4.9. 1 Size. If a bypass is required by the purchase documents, the

bypass size shall be by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. See
Appendix B for additional information.
Sec. 4.5 Fabrication

4.5 . 1 Workmanship. Valve parts shall conform to their required
dimensions and shall be free from defects that could prevent proper functioning of
the valve.
4.5 . 1 . 1 Interchangeable parts. Like parts of valves of the same model and
size produced by the same manufacturer shall be interchangeable.
4.5. 1 .2 Castings. Castings shall be clean and sound without defects that
will weaken their structure or impair their service.
4.5 . 1 .2. 1 Plugging, welding, or repairing of cosmetic defects is allowed.
4.5 . 1 .2.2 Repairing of structural defects is not allowed unless agreed to by
the purchaser.
4.5 . 1 .2.3 Repaired valves shall comply with the testing requirements of this
standard.
4.5.2 Coating. Interior ferrous surfaces of the body and bonnet that are in
contact with liquid shall be coated with a material conforming to the qualification
testing requirements of ANSI/AWWA C5 50 to a minimum average dry film
thickness of 6 mil.
4.5.2. 1 Other exposed interior ferrous surfaces. Other exposed interior
ferrous surfaces except finished or bearing surfaces shall be coated with a material
specified in Sec. 4.2.4. 1 1 .
4. 5.2.2 Exterior ferrous surfaces. A coating material as specified in
Sec. 4.2.4. 1 1 shall be applied to exterior ferrous surfaces.
24 AWWA C509-23
S E CT I O N 5: V E R I F I CAT I O N
Sec. 5.1 Testing

5. 1 . 1 Proof ofdesign testing.
5. 1 . 1 . 1 Hydrostatic gate test. One prototype valve of each size and class
of the manufacturer's design shall be hydrostatically tested with twice the specified
rated pressure applied to one side of the gate and zero pressure on the other side.
5. 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 The test is to be made in each direction across the gate for a
minimum period of 5 min.
5 . 1 . 1 . 1 .2 The manufacturer may make special provisions to prevent leakage
past the seats.
5 . 1 . 1 . 1 .3 No part of the valve or gate shall remain visually deformed by the
test.
5 . 1 . 1 .2 Torque test. A prototype of each size shall be overtorqued in the
closed and fully open positions to demonstrate that no distortion of the valve stem
or thrust collar or damage to the resilient seat occurred as evidenced by the failure
to seal at the rated pressure.
5 . 1 . 1 .2. 1 The torque applied to the main valve stem shall be in accordance
with Table 8.
5 . 1 . 1 .2.2 For valves using stainless-steel stems, upon disassembly there
shall be no visible evidence of galling on the stem, thrust collar, or stem nut after
completion of the torque test.
5 . 1 . 1 .3 Leakage test. One prototype valve of each size shall be fully
opened and closed to a seal for 500 complete cycles with sufficient flow that the
valve is at the rated working pressure for the pressure differential at the point of
closing.
5 . 1 . 1 .3 . 1 The valves shall be drip-tight under the rated pressure differential
applied alternately to each side of the gate after the completion of the tests.
5 . 1 . 1 .4 Hydrostatic shell test. One prototype of each valve size shall be
tested to 2.5 times the rated working pressure with the gate in the open position.
5 . 1 . 1 .4 . 1 For a period of 5 min, there shall be no rupture or cracking of the
valve body, valve bonnet, or seal plate.
5 . 1 . 1 .4.2 Leakage at pressure-containing joints shall not be a cause for
failure of the test.
5 . 1 . 1 .4.3 No part of the valve shall remain visibly deformed after the test.
5 . 1 .2 Production testing. After manufacture, each gate valve shall be
subjected to operation and hydrostatic tests at the manufacturer's plant as specified
in this section.
5 . 1 .2. 1 Operation test. Each valve shall be operated through a complete
cycle to ensure proper functioning of parts.
5 . 1 .2. 1 . 1 Any defects in workmanship shall be corrected and the test
repeated until a satisfactory performance is demonstrated.
5 . 1 .2.2 Shell test. A hydrostatic test pressure equal to twice the rated
working pressure of the valve shall be applied to the assembled valve with the gate
in the open position.
5 . 1 .2.2. 1 The test shall show no leakage through the metal pressure
containing joints or stem seals.
5 . 1 .2.3 Seat test. A hydrostatic test shall be made from each direction at
a minimum of the rated working pressure to prove the sealing ability of each valve
from both directions of flow.
5 . 1 .2.3 . 1 The test shall show no leakage through the metal pressure
containing joints or past the seat.
Sec. 5.2 Plant Inspection and Rejection

5.2. 1 Plant inspection. Work performed according to this standard,
except prototype testing, shall be subject to inspection and acceptance by the
purchaser, who shall have access to places of manufacture where these valves are
being produced and tested.
5.2.2 Rejection. Any valve or part that may be determined as not
conforming to the requirements of this standard shall be made satisfactory, or it
shall be rejected and repaired or replaced by the manufacturer.
5 .2.2. 1 Repair. Repaired valves must be acceptable to the purchaser and
specifically accepted when submitted or resubmitted.
5 .2.3 Affidavit ofcompliance. Whether the purchaser has a representative
at the plant or not, an affidavit ofcompliance may be required from the manufacturer
as provided in Sec. 6.3 of this standard.
26 AWWA C509-23
S E CT I O N 6: D E L IV E RY
Sec. 6. 1 Marking
6. 1 . 1 Markings. Markings shall be cast on the bonnet or body or provided
on a corrosion-resistant tag affixed to each valve.
6. 1 . 1 . 1 Requirements. Markings shall show the manufacturer's name or
mark, the year the valve was made, the size of the valve, the letters "C509" and the
designation of working water pressure; for example, "250W"
6. 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 Special markings in addition to these can be supplied when
specified by the purchaser's requirements on agreement between purchaser and
manufacturer.
Sec. 6.2 Preparation for Shipment

6.2. 1 Completeness. Valves shall be complete in detail when shipped.
6.2. 1 . 1 Draining. Valves shall be drained before shipment.
6.2. 1 .2 Separate packaging. Handwheels and valve accessories may be
packed separately.
Sec. 6.3 Affidavit of Compliance

The manufacturer shall, when required by the purchase documents, provide
the purchaser with an affidavit stating that the valve and materials used in its
construction conform to the applicable requirements of this standard and the
purchase documents and that tests specified in this standard have been performed
and test requirements have been met.
A P P E N D IX A
Installation, Operation, and Maintenance of Resilient-Seated

Gate Valves
This appendix is for information only and is not a part of ANSIIAWWA C509.
S E CT I O N A. 1 G E N E RA L
Resilient-seated gate valves form a significant component part of

many firefighting or water-distribution systems. Failure of a resilient
seated gate valve in these systems, either as a result of faulty installation
or improper maintenance, could result in extensive damage and costly
repairs. In addition, many resilient-seated gate valves are installed in
buried-service or underground applications. Problems or malfunctions
of the valves because of faulty installation or improper maintenance
can result in extensive and costly unearthing operations to effectively
correct or eliminate the problem. Many resilient-seated gate-valve
problems and failures can be traced back to improper handling, storage,
installation, operation, or maintenance procedures.
S E CT I O N A.2 U N LOAD I N G
Valves should be unloaded carefully. Each valve should be carefully

lowered from the truck to the ground; it should not be dropped. In the
case of larger valves, forklifts or slings around the body of the valve or
under the skids should be used for unloading. Only hoists and slings
with adequate load capacity to handle the weight of the valve or valves
should be used. Hoists should not be hooked into or chains fastened
around yokes, gearing, motors, cylinders, or handwheels. Failure to
carefully follow these recommendations is likely to result in damage to
the valve.
27
S E CT I O N A.3 R E C E IVI N G I N S P E CT I O N
Resilient-seated gate valves should be inspected at the time of

receipt for damage during shipment. The initial inspection should
verify compliance with specifications, direction of opening, color, size
and shape of operating nut, number of turns to open or close, and
type of end connections. A visual inspection of the seating surfaces
should be performed to detect any damage during shipment or scoring
of the seating surfaces. Inspection personnel should look for bent
stems, broken handwheels, cracked parts, loose bolts, missing parts and
accessories, damaged linings and coatings, and any other evidence of
mishandling during shipment. Each valve should be operated through
one complete opening-and-closing cycle in the position in which it is
to be installed.
S E CT I O N A.4 STO RAG E
Valves should be stored indoors. If outside storage is required,

the valves should be protected from weather elements. During outside
storage, they should be protected from the weather, sunlight, ozone,
and foreign materials. In colder climates where valves may be subject
to freezing temperatures, it is absolutely essential to prevent water from
collecting in the valves. Failure to do so may result in a cracked valve
casting or deterioration of the resilient-seat material.
S E CT I O N A. 5 I N STA L LAT I O N
Instructions supplied by manufacturers should be reviewed in

detail before valves are installed. At the jobsite before installation, each
valve should be visually inspected and any foreign material in the interior
portion of the valve should be removed. A detailed inspection of the
valve as outlined in Sec. A.3 should be performed before installation.
Sec. A.S.1 Bolts

Bolts should be checked for proper tightness and protected by the
installer to prevent corrosion, either with a suitable paint, bitumastic
28
material, and/or by polyethylene wrapping or other suitable means of
corrosion protection.
Sec. A.5.2 Underground Installation

Valves in water-distribution lines shall, where practical, be located
in easily accessible areas.
A. 5 .2. l During installation, there is the possibility of foreign
materials inadvertently entering the valve. Foreign material can damage
internal working parts during operation of the gate valve. For this
reason, gate valves should be installed in the closed position. Each valve
should be placed on firm footing in the trench to prevent settling and
excessive strain on the connection to the pipe. Piping systems should
be supported and aligned to avoid damage to the valve.
A. 5 .2.2 A valve box or vault should be provided for each valve
used in a buried-service application. The valve box should be installed
so as not to transmit loads or stress to the valve, valve stem, or piping
system. The valve box should be centered over the operating nut of
the valve with the box cover flush with the surface of the finished area
or another level as directed by the purchaser. Valve boxes should be
designed so that a traffic load on the top of the box is not transmitted
to the valve stem or piping system.
A. 5 .2.3 Valves buried in unusually deep trenches have special
provisions for operating the valve. These are either a riser on the stem
to permit a normal key to be used or a notation on valve records that a
long key will be required.
A.5 .2.4 When valves with exposed gearing or operating
mechanisms are installed belowground, a vault designed to allow pipe
clearance and prevent settling on the pipe should be provided. The
operating nut should be accessible from the top opening of the vault
with a valve key. The size of the vault should provide for easy removal of
the valve bonnet and internal parts of the valve for purposes of repair.
Consideration should be given to the possible entry of groundwater or
surface water and to the need to provide for the disposal thereof
Sec. A.S.3 Aboveground Installation

Valves installed aboveground or in a plant piping system should
be supported and aligned to avoid damage to the valve. Valves should
not be used to correct misalignment of piping.
29
Sec. A.S.4 Inspection
After installation and before pressurization of the valve, pressure
containing bolting (bonnet, seal plate, packing gland, and end
connections) should be inspected for adequate tightness to prevent
leakage. In addition, an inspection should be made for adequate
tightness of tapped and plugged openings to the valve interior. Proper
inspection at this time will minimize the possibility of leaks after the
piping system has been pressurized.
Sec. A.S.S Testing

To prevent time lost searching for leaks, it is recommended
that valve excavations not be backfilled until pressure tests have been
completed. After installation, it is desirable to test newly installed
piping sections, including valves, at some pressure above the system
design pressure. The test pressure should not exceed the rated working
pressure of the valve. After the test, steps should be taken to relieve
any trapped pressure in the body of the valve. The resilient-seated gate
valve should not be operated in either the opening or closing directions
at differential pressures above the rated working pressure. Valves seat
better at or near the rated working pressure of the valve. In addition,
wear or foreign material may damage valve seating surfaces and may
cause leakage (see ANSI/AWWA C600).
Sec. A.S.6 Records

Once the valve is installed, the valve location, size, make, type,
date of installation, number ofturns to open, direction of opening, and
other information deemed pertinent should be entered on permanent
records.
Sec. A.S.7 Application Hazards

Resilient-seated gate valves should not be installed in applications
or for service other than those recommended by the manufacturer. The
following list of precautions is not inclusive but will help avoid some
application hazards.
A. 5. 7. 1 Resilient-seated gate valves should not be installed in
lines where service pressure will exceed the rated working pressure of
the valve.
30
A.5 .7.2 Resilient-seated gate valves should not be used for
throttling service unless the design is specifically recommended for that
purpose or accepted in advance by the manufacturer.
A.5 .7.3 Resilient-seated gate valves should not be used in
applications that are exposed to freezing temperatures unless sufficient
flow is maintained through the valve or other protection is provided to
prevent freezing.
A.5 .7.4 Pipe, fittings, and valves installed in underground
piping are generally joined with push-on or mechanical joints. These
joints are considered unrestrained-type joints because no significant
restraint against longitudinal separation is provided.
Gate valves should not be installed at a dead end or near a bend
in a pipeline without proper and adequate restraint to support the
valve and prevent it from blowing off the end of the line. Rigid piping
systems incorporating flanged valves are not recommended for buried
service.
Thrust blocks, restrained joints, or other means of restraint are
needed:
• on or adjacent to valves on pipelines;
• where unusual conditions exist, such as high internal pressures,
adjacent fittings, or unsuitable soils; or
• as a means to anchor a pressurized pipe section when an
adjacent section is depressurized to be modified or repaired.
A. 5 .7.5 To prevent damage, 3-in. (75-mm) NPS and 4-in.

( 1 00-mm) NPS resilient-seated gate valves should not be operated
with input torques greater than 200 ft-lb (270 Nm) . Gate valves 6-in.
( 1 5 0-mm) NPS to 1 6-in. (400-mm) NPS should not be operated with
input torques greater than 300 ft-lb (406 Nm) . For valves larger than
1 6 in. (400 mm) , consult the manufacturer.
S E CT I O N A.6 MAI N T E NA N C E
Sec. A.6. 1 Valve Exercising

Each valve should be operated through a full cycle and returned
to its normal position on a time schedule that is designed to prevent a
31
buildup of tuberculation or other deposits that could render the valve
inoperable or prevent a tight shutoff. The interval of time between
operations of valves in critical locations or valves subjected to severe
operating conditions should be shorter than for other less important
installations, but it can be whatever period is found to be satisfactory
based on local experience. The number of turns required to complete
the operation cycle should be recorded and compared with permanent
installation records to ensure full gate travel.
When using portable auxiliary power actuators with input torque
capacities exceeding the maximum operating torques recommended in
Sec. A. 5 .7.5, extreme care should be taken to avoid applying excessive
torque to the valve stem. If the actuator has a torque-limiting device,
it should be set below the values in Sec. A. 5 .7 . 5 . If there is no torque
limiting device, the recommended practice is to stop the power actuator
three or four turns before the valve is fully opened or fully closed and
complete the operation manually.
Maintenance should be performed at the time a malfunction
is discovered to avoid a return trip to the same valve or to prevent
neglecting it altogether. A recording system should be adopted that
provides a written record of valve location, condition, maintenance,
and each subsequent inspection of the valve.
Sec. A.6.2 Inspection

Each valve should be operated through one complete operating
cycle. If the stem action is tight, the operation should be repeated
several times until proper operation is achieved. With the gate in
the partially open position, a visual inspection should be performed,
where practical, to check for leakage at joints, connections, and areas
of packing or seals. If leakage is observed, defective 0-rings, seals,
gaskets, or end-connection sealing members should be replaced. If
the leakage cannot be corrected immediately, the nature of the leakage
should be reported promptly to those who are responsible for repairs.
If the valve is inoperable or irreparable, its location should be clearly
established to prevent loss of time for repair crews. The condition of
the valve and, if possible, the gate position should be reported to the
personnel responsible for repairs. In addition, fire departments and
32
other appropriate municipal departments should be informed that the
valve is out of service.
Sec. A.6.3 Record Keeping

To carry out a meaningful inspection and maintenance program,
it is essential that the location, make, type, size, and date of installation
of each valve be recorded. Depending on the type of record-keeping
system used, other information may be entered in the permanent
record. When a resilient-seated gate valve is inspected, an entry
should be made in the permanent record indicating date of inspection
and condition of the valve. If repair work is necessary, it should be
indicated; on completion of the work, the nature of the repairs and
date completed should be recorded.
S E CT I O N A.7 R E PA I RS
Leakage, broken parts, hard operation, and other major defects

should be corrected by a repair crew as soon as possible after the defect
is reported. If repairs are to be performed in the field, the repair crew
should take a full complement of spare parts to the jobsite. Provisions
should be made to isolate the defective valve from water pressure and
relieve internal trapped pressure before performing any corrective
maintenance. Disassembly of the valve should be accomplished m
accordance with the procedure supplied by the manufacturer.

After repair of the valve, the operating mechanism should be
cycled through one complete operating cycle. With full line pressure
applied to the valve in the open position, an inspection should be made
to detect leakage in the areas around the seal plate, bonnet, packing
gland, and body-end connections. A record should be made to indicate
that the valve has been repaired and is in working condition. Any
markings that the valve is inoperable should be deleted. In addition,
fire departments and other appropriate municipal departments should
be informed of the satisfactory repair of the valve.
33
This page intentionally blank.
AP P E N D IX B
Valve Bypasses
This appendix is for information only and is not a part ofANSI/AWWA C509.
S E CT I O N B . 1 G E N E RA L
During the design o f a water transmission system, it is important

to consider the functional requirements of the entire system before
deciding about the need and size of a bypass. Large gate valves ( 1 6
in. and larger) may b e purchased with o r without a bypass. There are
applications where bypasses may be desired. If a bypass is desired,
its size will be determined based on the mainline gate valve design,
application, and location along the pipeline.
There are two primary reasons for requiring a bypass: the first
is to fill an empty section of pipeline, and the second is to aid in the
operation (opening or closing) of a gate valve by equalizing differential
pressure across the gate. Further discussion on these two reasons is
presented subsequently.
S E CT I O N B . 2 FI LLI N G A PI PELI N E
Filling a downstream pipeline is an operation that must be done

at a controlled, slow flow rate that will allow air to escape without
causing damage to the pipeline, air release valves, or other pipeline
appurtenances. Throttling the flow through a large gate valve can cause
damage to the seating surfaces of the valve. Instead, the filling rate can
be controlled with a smaller-diameter bypass valve to fill the empty
pipeline to avoid damage to the mainline valve seat.
S E CT I O N B . 3 P RE SS U R E E Q U A L I ZAT I O N
There may be instances where a valve bypass functions to reduce

a high-pressure differential between the upstream and the downstream
35
sides of a closed mainline gate valve. In these instances, an excessive (or
large) pressure differential may increase the torque required to operate
the mainline valve due to the higher friction along the sealing surfaces.
Opening a smaller-diameter bypass valve may help to balance water
pressure on both sides of the mainline gate valve, thus reducing the
torque required to open the larger mainline valve.
S E CT I O N B.4 TYP ES O F BYPAS S E S
A bypass can b e supplied by the valve manufacturer as an integral

or nonintegral option on a large gate valve. There may be constraints
to the size and shape of an integral bypass due to lay length of the
primary valve. Another option is to design a bypass using pipe, fittings,
and a valve to be installed during pipeline construction. Whether
manufacturer-supplied or field-fabricated, the pressure rating of the
bypass system components would need to match or exceed the pressure
rating of the larger mainline valve and piping system.
The end user determines if a bypass is needed for the large-diameter
gate valve. It is recommended that the valve manufacturer be consulted
when considering a bypass.
36
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Resilient-Seated Gate

Valves for Water

Effective date: June 1, 2023.

American National Standard

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be

ISBN-13, print 978-1-64717-141-4 ISBN-13, electronic: 978-1-61300-672-6

Copyright© 2023 by American Water Works Association

T. Chad Harbour, Chair

P. Berken (alternate), American Flow Control, Beaumont, Tex.

J. Warren Green, Chair

General Interest Members

J.W Green, Lockwood, Andrews, & Newnam, Oakbrook Terrace, Ill.

J. Bolender, J & S Valves, Huffman, Tex.

A. Bodulow, Los Angeles Water & Power, Los Angeles, Calif.

SEC. PAGE SEC. PAGE

Foreword 4.5 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

II.A Chlorine and Chloramine 6. 1 Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

1 .3 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 A.6 Maintenance .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1

3 Minimum Thickness of Body and 7 Stainless-Steel Valve Stern Alloys . . . . . . 1 7

I.A. Background. This standard describes resilient-seated gate valves with

II. Special Issues.

II.A. Chlorine and Chloramine Degradation of Elastomers. The selection

III. Use of This Standard. It is the responsibility of the user of an AWWA

American Water Works

Resilient-Seated Gate Valves for Water

1 . 1 .5 Joint accessories. Joint accessories for end connections, such as bolts,

Sec. 1.2 Purpose

Sec. 1.3 Application

This standard references the following documents. In their latest editions,

ANSl/AWWA C600 -lnstallation of Ductile-Iron Mains and Their

t SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096.

ASTM B62-Standard Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce

ISO 6509 '-Corrosion of Metals and Alloys-Determination of

The following definitions shall apply in this standard:

7. Nominal pipe size (NPS): A size identification number, not necessarily

Sec. 4. 1 Data to Be Supplied by the Manufacturer

4. 1 . 1 Catalog data. The manufacturer shall supply catalog data, including

Sec. 4.2 Materials

the selection of materials that exhibit similar resistance to corrosion, by placing a

4.2.4. 1 0 Watertightness. Gaskets, 0-rings, or other suitable elastomeric

Sec. 4.3 General Design

Table 1 Design torque

zn. (mm)* ft-lb (Nm)t

* Nominal valve size mm is soft conversion (nominal in. size x 25).

Table 2 Minimum full waterway sizes

Sec. 4.4 Detailed Design

Table 3 Minimum thickness of body and bonnet

in. (mm)* in. (mm)t

* Nominal valve size mm is soft conversion (nominal in. size x 25).

4.4. 1 .3 . 1 The surface may be either metallic or nonmetallic, applied in a

Table 4 Minimum thickness for ductile-iron connecting end flanges

in. (mm) * in. (mm) t

Table 5 Excess flange thickness

2. Other dimensions and drilling of end flanges of flanged valves shall

4.4. 1 .4.4 Tapping valve ends:

ASTM Specification Number Alloy Designation

ASTM B l 6 UNS C36000

ASTM B62 UNS C83600