Data Communication Csoutar

u ni c at i o n
a t a C o m m
D
Presented by: Mr. Soutar
Written by: S. Adamson
Date: Week within January
Table of Contents
● Introduction
● What is Telecommunication?
● What is Data Communication?
● What is a Network?
● Types of Networks
1.LAN
2.MAN
3.WAN
4.Mobile Networks
● Communication Media
1.Wired
2.Wireless
● Data Communication Channels
● Communication Systems
● Type of Mobile Networks
What is Telecommunication?
Telecommunication is the process of using

communication facilities such as the
telephone and microwave relays to send data
over a far distance without changing it.
Henry, L., (2003), Fundamentals of Information Technology 2Ed.

What is Data Communication?
Data communication is the transmission

of data from one location to the other in
order to enable communication between the
locations.
➢ Data communication is achieved through the

use of computers, transmission cables,
satellites and wireless technology.
What is a Network?
A network is a group of two or more computers

linked together so that they can share resources
(hardware, software and data) and can communicate
with one another.
Example:
• LAN
• MAN
• WAN
Types of Network
LAN: LOCAL AREA NETWORK
* A LAN is made up of two or more computers

connected to each other within the same
geographical area but not necessarily within the
same building.
LAN: LOCAL AREA NETWORK
Where LAN may be used:
❖ HOMES
❖ SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED BUSINESSES
❖ SCHOOLS
MAN: Metropolitan Area Network
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a

network that interconnects users with
computer resources in a geographic area or
region larger than that covered by a local
area network (LAN) but smaller than the
area covered by a wide area network (WAN).
MAN: Metropolitan Area Network
Where a MAN may be used:
❖ University campuses
❖ Connecting businesses in a city

WAN: Wide Area Network
A wide area network is a network that covers a very

large geographical area.
USE:
❖ Large companies such as banks across the island
that must be linked.
❖ INTERNET
Mobile Networks
Definition-A mobile network is a radio network that is

distributed through radio towers(that have an average
range of 21 miles) to cellular phones.Mobile networks
provide many services such as geolocation,SMS,Voice
and Internet.
Mobile Network Illustrated
Communication Media
Communication media are the components on

which data travels from one location to another.
Communication media can be classified under two

categories:
Wired: (Twisted pairs, Coaxial cables, Fibre optic

cables)
Wireless: (Microwave, Radio waves,
Infrared,Satellite)
Wired Media
Twisted pair: This is a convenient and cheap method

of connecting computers and peripherals in a
network. It is normally used for home networking or
on small sites where the distances between devices
are small and there is no great need for speed.
Wired Media Cont’d
Coaxial cable: Coaxial cable is more expensive than

twisted pair because its transmission capabilities are
higher; it is used to transmit voice, video, and data. It
is ideal for a medium-sized network.
Wired Media Cont’d
Fibre optic: Fibre optic cables are relatively

expensive. They enable large volumes of digital data
to be transmitted extremely fast and virtually
error-free.
A single strand of a fibre optic cable is a hair-thin piece

of glass tubing. The inside of the tube acts as a
mirror, allowing pulses of light to travel along it
which carry data. A cable consists of thousands of
these hair-thin strands.
Wireless Media
● Satellite
● Microwave
● infra-red
● Radiowave
Data Communication Channels
Bandwidth: Determines the volume of data that

can be transmitted through a channel each second.
Examples:
❖ Narrow-Band
❖ Voice-Band
❖ Broad-band
Narrow-band: Data is transmitted at a slow speed,

between 10 and 30 characters per second (cps). E.g.
Telegraphed transmission.
Voice-band: Telephone lines are utilised, allowing

data to be transmitted at rates up to 8000 characters
per second (cps).
Broad-band: this channel can transmit large

volumes of data at speeds of over 100 000 cps.
Examples of this channel: Coaxial cable, fibre optic

cables, microwave links and satellite transmission.
Communication Systems
Communication systems classify lines that

transmit data according to the direction in which
data flows through them.
Examples:
Simplex: Data can be transmitted in only one
direction. E.g. Television and Radio.
Communication Systems
Half duplex: Data can be transmitted in both

directions, but not at the same time.
E.g. Walkie-talkie
Duplex (Full duplex): Data can be transmitted in

both directions at the same time and independent of
each other.
E.g. Cell phone
How mobile network works
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JZG9x_VOw
A
Types of Mobile Networks
2G-This is the second generation of Mobile Networks.

It was the first to support voice encryption and SMS
and Data Services in the form of GPRS(General Packet
Radio Services). It should be noted that the data
transfer rates are much slower than further
generations. Support for this type of network is
denoted by the support of a handset for the following
Mobile Networks: GSM 850, GSM 900, GSM 1800,
GSM 1900
Types of Mobile Networks(Cont’d)
3G-This network is faster than the previous generation

and was the first to enable video calling due to faster
internet speeds. Handsets that support this network
are denoted by: UMTS 850
4G-Fourth Generation of Mobile Networks and

successor of 3G ,significantly improved internet
capabilities. This enabled the use of Wireless Modems.
The handsets that support this network are able to join
the following networks: LTE 700 (17), LTE 1700 (4),
LTE 2100 (4)
Reference
Henry, L., (2003), Fundamentals of Information Technology

2E.d.
Blades, R., Gay, G., (2009), Oxford Information Technology
for CSEC,UK, Oxford University Press
Skeete, K., Skeete, K., (2007), Information Technology for
CSEC, NY, Cambridge University press
GSMARENA. (2000-2019). Network coverage - 2G/3G/4G
mobile networks. Retrieved from
https://www.gsmarena.com/network-bands.php3
Techopedia. (2019). What is a Cellular Network? -
Definition from Techopedia. Retrieved from
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/24962/cellular-net
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u ni c at i o n

Telecommunication is the process of using

Henry, L., (2003), Fundamentals of Information Technology 2Ed.

Data communication is the transmission

➢ Data communication is achieved through the

A network is a group of two or more computers

LAN: LOCAL AREA NETWORK

* A LAN is made up of two or more computers

Where LAN may be used:

A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a

Where a MAN may be used:

❖ Connecting businesses in a city

A wide area network is a network that covers a very

Definition-A mobile network is a radio network that is

Communication media are the components on

Communication media can be classified under two

Wired: (Twisted pairs, Coaxial cables, Fibre optic

Twisted pair: This is a convenient and cheap method

Coaxial cable: Coaxial cable is more expensive than

Fibre optic: Fibre optic cables are relatively

A single strand of a fibre optic cable is a hair-thin piece

Bandwidth: Determines the volume of data that

Narrow-band: Data is transmitted at a slow speed,

Voice-band: Telephone lines are utilised, allowing

Broad-band: this channel can transmit large

Examples of this channel: Coaxial cable, fibre optic

Communication systems classify lines that

Half duplex: Data can be transmitted in both

Duplex (Full duplex): Data can be transmitted in

2G-This is the second generation of Mobile Networks.

3G-This network is faster than the previous generation

4G-Fourth Generation of Mobile Networks and

Henry, L., (2003), Fundamentals of Information Technology

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