Control No:

GRADE 11 COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING

3rd QUARTER / WEEK 1

I. Preliminaries
Competency Install Operating System (OS) in accordance with established
installation procedures and to comply with end-user
requirements
(TLE_IACSS9- 12ICCS-IIa-j-30)
Objectives At the end of the lesson, the learners shall be able to:
• identify Operating System (OS) in accordance with
established installation procedures and to comply with end-
user requirements;
• configure BIOS in accordance OS installation procedures;
and
• appreciate the importance of BIOS configuration in daily life.
Topic/
BIOS CONFIGURATION
Subject Matter
Textbook Other sources (internet sources)
Materials Answer Sheet, Android Phone
Copyrights Department of Education-Division of Davao City
Total Points 75pts
Date January 31 – February 2, 2024

II. CONTENT MAP

BIOS
Configuration

Types of The Unified

Basic
Operating Extensible
Input/Output
System (OS) Firmware Interface
System (BIOS) (UEFI)

III. CONTENT NOTES

Operating system is a system software commonly simplified as “OS”. An

operating system is the most important software that runs on a computer. It manages
the computer's memory, processes, and all its software and hardware. It also allows
you to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's
"language." Without an operating system, a computer is useless.

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The Operating System's Job
Computer's operating system (OS) manages all of the software and hardware on
the computer. Most of the time, there are several different computer programs running
at the same time, and they all need to access your computer's central processing unit
(CPU), memory, and storage. The operating system coordinates all of this to make
sure each program gets what it needs.

TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS

Operating systems usually come preloaded on any computer that you buy. Most
people use the operating system that comes with their computer, but it is possible to
upgrade or even change operating systems.

The three most common operating systems for personal computers are Microsoft
Windows, Apple Mac OS X, and Linux.

From left, Windows Logo, Mac OS X logo, and Linux Logo

Modern operating systems use a Graphical User Interface, or GUI (pronounced

"gooey"). A GUI lets you use your mouse to click on icons, buttons, and menus, and
everything is clearly displayed on the screen using a combination of graphics and text.
Each operating system's GUI has a different look and feel, so if you switch to a
different operating system it may seem unfamiliar at first. However, modern operating
systems are designed to be easy to use, and most of the basic principles are the
same.
Microsoft Windows
Windows 10 version 1903, showing the Start
menu and Microsoft Store
(Quizlet Inc. 2020)
Microsoft created the Windows operating
system in the mid-1980s. Over the years,
there have been many different versions of
Windows, but the most recent ones are
Windows 10 (released in 2015), Windows 8 (2012), Windows 7 (2009), and Windows
Vista (2007). Windows comes pre-loaded on most new PCs, which helps to make it
the most popular operating system in the world.
Apple Mac OS X

MAC OS X Yosemite GUI

Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/17/OS_X_Yosemite_Desktop.png

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 Mac OS is a line of operating systems created by Apple. It comes preloaded on
all new Macintosh computers, or Macs. All of the recent versions are known as OS X
(pronounced O-S Ten), and the specific versions include El Capitan (released in
2015), Yosemite (2014), Mavericks (2013), Mountain Lion (2012), and Lion (2011).
According to Stat Counter Global Stats, Mac OS X users account for less than
10% of global operating systems—much lower than the percentage of Windows users
(more than 80%). One reason for this is that Apple computers tend to be more
expensive. However, many people do prefer the look and feel of Mac OS X over
Windows.
Linux
Linux Ubuntu 18.10 Desktop Interface
Linux (pronounce LINN-ux) is a family of open
source operating systems, which means that they
can be modified and distributed by anyone around
the world. This is very different from proprietary
software like Windows, which can only be modified
by the company that owns it (Microsoft). The
advantages of Linux are that it is free, and there are
many different distributions (or versions) that you
can choose from. Each distribution has a different look and feel, and the most popular
ones include Ubuntu, Mint, and Fedora.
Linux is named after Linus Torvalds, who created the Linux kernel in 1991. The
kernel is the computer code that is the central part of an operating system.
According to StatCounter Global Stats, Linux users account for less than 2% of global
operating systems. However, most servers run Linux because it's
relatively easy to customize.
Remix OS is a computer operating system for personal
computers and based on the ARM architecture and ships
preinstalled on a number of 1st- and 3rd-party devices. Remix
OS for PC allows users to run Android applications on any
compatible Intel-based PC. In January 2016 Jide announced a
Beta version of their operating system called Remix OS for PC, (Course Hero, Inc 2020)
which is based on Android-x86, a x86- port of the Android operating system and
available to download for free from their website. It is an Android PC Operating system
developed by Jide Technology.

OPERATING SYSTEMS FOR MOBILE DEVICES

The operating systems that we have been talking about
were designed to run on desktop or laptop computers. Mobile
devices such as phones, tablet computers, and mp3 players are
very different from desktop and laptop computers, so they run
operating systems that are designed specifically for mobile
devices. Examples of mobile operating systems include Apple
iOS, Windows Phone, and Google Android.

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 Windows 10 Mobile is a mobile operating system developed by Microsoft.
It is an iteration of the Windows Phone product line and a successor to Windows
Phone 8.1, but is marketed as being an edition of Windows 10, Microsoft's
operating system for personal computers, as part of Microsoft's plans to unify
Windows' application platform across multiple device classes.
It is designed for use on smartphones and phablets,
running on ARM as well as IA-32 processor architectures.
Windows 10 Mobile entered public beta for selected Lumia
brand smartphones on February 12, 2015. The first Lumia
smartphones powered by Windows 10 Mobile were released on
November 20, 2015 while eligible Windows Phone devices
began receiving updates to Windows 10 Mobile on March 17,
2016, pursuant to manufacturer and carrier support.
Android "Q" is the upcoming tenth major release and
the 17th version of the Android mobile operating system. The
first beta of Android Q was released on March 13, 2019 for all
Google Pixel phones. The final release of Android Q is
scheduled to be released in the third quarter of 2019.
(Course Hero, Inc 2020)

Features of Android Q include:

Allows users to control when apps have permission to see their location:
never, only when the app is in use (running), or all the time (when in the
background).

iOS 12 is the twelfth and current major release of the iOS mobile
operating system developed by Apple Inc., being the successor to
iOS 11. It was announced at the company's Worldwide
Developers Conference on June 4, 2018. It is similar in aesthetics
to iOS 11 but contains numerous performance and battery life
improvements and security updates, in addition to added
functionalities within native applications. It was released to the
public on September 17, 2018.
Operating Systems for mobile devices generally aren't as fully-
featured as those made for desktop or laptop computers, and they
(Course Hero, Inc aren't able to run all of the same software. However, you can still
2020) do a lot of things with them, such as watching movies, browsing
the internet, managing your calendar, playing games, and more.

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 UBUNTU
Ubuntu is a free and open-source Linux distribution
based on Debian. Ubuntu is officially released in three
editions: Desktop, Server, and Core. Ubuntu is a
popular operating system for cloud computing, with
support for OpenStack. Ubuntu is released every six
months, with long-term support releases every two
years. Ubuntu (pronounced oo-BOON-too) is an open
source Debian-based Linux distribution. Sponsored by
Canonical Ltd., Ubuntu is considered a good distribution for beginners. The operating
system was intended primarily for personal computers (PCs) but it can also be used
on servers.

The Ubuntu desktop is easy to use, easy to install and includes everything you need
to run your organization, school, home, or enterprise. It is also open source, secure,
accessible, and free to download.
(DISCOURSE 2019)
BIOS
Basic Input/output System, the BIOS, ROM BIOS, or System BIOS is a chip
located on all motherboards that contain instructions and setup for how your system
should boot and how it operates. In the picture below, is an example of what a BIOS
chip may look like on your computer motherboard. In this example, this is a picture of
an early AMIBIOS, a type of BIOS manufactured by the AMI. Another good example
of a BIOS manufacturer is Phoenix.
In IBM PC compatible computers, the Basic
Input/Output System (BIOS), also known as
System BIOS, ROM BIOS or PC BIOS, is a de
facto standard defining a firmware interface.
The name originated from the Basic
Input/Output System used in the CP/M
operating system in 1975. The BIOS software is
built into the PC, and is the first software run by
a PC when powered on.
The four main functions of a PC BIOS
• POST - Test the computer hardware and make sure no errors exist before loading
the operating system.
• Bootstrap Loader - Locate the operating system. If a capable operating system is
located, the BIOS will pass control to it.
• BIOS drivers - Low level drivers that give the computer basic operational control
over your computer's hardware.
• BIOS or CMOS Setup - Configuration program that allows you to configure
hardware settings including system settings such as computer passwords, time,
and date.
BIOS (Basic Input and Output System)
Setup Utility displays the system’s configuration status and provides you with options
to set system parameters. The parameters are stored in battery-backed up CMOS

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RAM that saves this information when the power is turned off. When the system is
turned back on, the system is configured with the values you stored in CMOS.
The BIOS Setup Utility enables you to configure:
• Hard drives, diskette drives and peripherals
• Video display type and display options
• Password protection from unauthorized use
• Power Management features

The settings made in the Setup Utility affect how the computer performs. Before
using the Setup Utility, ensure that you understand the Setup Utility options.
The Standard Configuration
A standard configuration has already been set in the Setup Utility. However, we
recommend that you read this chapter in case you need to make any changes in the
future.

This Setup Utility should be used:

• when changing the system configuration
• when a configuration error is detected, and you are prompted to make changes
to the Setup Utility
• when trying to resolve IRQ conflicts
• when making changes to the Power Management configuration
• when changing the password or making other changes to the Security Setup

UEFI
The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) is a specification that defines a
software interface between an operating system and platform firmware. UEFI is meant
to replace the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) firmware interface, present in all
IBM PC-compatible personal computers. In practice, most UEFI images provide
legacy support for BIOS services. UEFI can support remote diagnostics and repair of
computers, even without another operating system.

The original EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) specification was developed by

Intel. Some of its practices and data formats mirror ones from Windows. In 2005,
UEFI deprecated EFI 1.10 (final release of EFI). The UEFI specification is managed
by the Unified EFI Forum.
BIOS vs. UEFI
UEFI enables better use of bigger hard drives. Though UEFI supports the traditional
master boot record (MBR) method of hard drive partitioning, it doesn't stop there. It's
also capable of working with the GUID Partition Table (GPT), which is free of the
limitations the MBR places on the number and size of partitions. GPT ups the
maximum partition size from 2.19TB to 9.4 zettabytes.

UEFI may be faster than the BIOS. Various tweaks and optimizations in the UEFI may
help your system boot more quickly it could before. For example: With UEFI you may
not have to endure messages asking you to set up hardware functions (such as a
RAID controller) unless your immediate input is required; and UEFI can choose to
initialize only certain components. The degree to which a boot is sped up will depend
on your system configuration and hardware, so you may see a significant or a minor
speed increase.

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Technical changes abound in UEFI. UEFI has room for more useful and usable
features than could ever be crammed into the BIOS. Among these are cryptography,
network authentication, support for extensions stored on nonvolatile media, an
integrated boot manager, and even a shell environment for running other EFI
applications such as diagnostic utilities or flash updates. In addition, both the
architecture and the drivers are CPU-independent, which opens the door to a wider
variety of processors (including those using the ARM architecture, for example).

However, UEFI is still not widespread. Though major hardware companies have
switched over almost exclusively to UEFI use, you still won't find the new firmware in
use on all motherboards—or in quite the same way across the spectrum. Many older
and less expensive motherboards also still use the BIOS system.

A master boot record (MBR) is a special type of boot sector at the very beginning of
partitioned computer mass storage devices like fixed disks or removable drives
intended for use with IBM PC-compatible systems and beyond. The concept of MBRs
was publicly introduced in 1983 with PC DOS 2.0.

BIOS Environment (Asus

UEFI BIOS Utility)
The boot device options
vary depending on the
devices you installed to the
system.
The Boot Menu(F8) button is
available only when the boot
device is installed to the
system.

(ASUSTEK COMPUTER 2019)

Menu Bar
The menu bar on top of the screen has the following main items:
My For saving the frequently-used system settings and
Favorites configuration
Main For changing the basic system configuration

Ai For changing the overclocking settings

Tweaker
Advanced For changing the advanced system settings

Monitor For displaying the system temperature, power status,

and changing the fan settings

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 Boot For changing the system boot configuration

Tool For configuring options for special functions

Exit For selecting the exit options and loading default settings

Main menu
The Main menu screen appears when you enter the
Advanced Mode of the BIOS Setup program. The
Main menu provides you an overview of the basic
system information, and allows you to set the system
date, time, language, and security settings.

(ASUSTEK COMPUTER 2019)

Ai Tweaker menu
The Ai Tweaker menu items allow you to
configure overclocking-related items.

(ASUSTEK COMPUTER 2019)

Advanced menu
The Advanced menu items allow you to change
the settings for the CPU and other system
devices.

(ASUSTEK COMPUTER 2019)

Monitor menu
The Monitor menu displays the system
temperature/power status and allows you to change the
fan settings.

(ASUSTEK COMPUTER 2019)

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Boot menu
The Boot menu items allow you to change
the system boot options.

(ASUSTEK COMPUTER 2019)

Tools menu

The Tools menu items allow you to

configure options for special functions.
Select an item then press <Enter> to
display the submenu.

(ASUSTEK COMPUTER 2019)

Exit menu

The Exit menu items allow you to load the optimal

default values for the BIOS items and save or
discard your changes to the BIOS items. You can
access the EZ Mode from the Exit menu.

IV. ACTIVITIES
(ASUSTEK COMPUTER 2019)
Activity 1: FILL IN ME.
Direction: Complete the following sentences. Choose from the words inside the box.
Write your answers in the provided answer sheet. (10pts)

Operating system (OS) Mac OS Linux Remix OS

Ubuntu BIOS POST Bootstrap Loader
Master Boot Record (MBR) GUI

1. is a computer operating system for personal computers and

based on the ARM architecture and ships preinstalled on a number of 1st- and 3rd-
party devices.
2. A lets you use your mouse to click on icons, buttons, and menus,
and everything is clearly displayed on the screen using a combination of graphics
and text.
3. is a line of operating systems created by Apple.
4. is a chip located on all motherboards that contain instructions
and setup for how your system should boot and how it operates.
5. is a free and open-source Linux distribution based on Debian.

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6. Test the computer hardware and make sure no errors exist
before loading the operating system.
7. is a family of open-source operating systems, which means that
they can be modified and distributed by anyone around the world.
8. locate the operating system. If a capable operating system is
located, the BIOS will pass control to it. manufacturer’
9. is a special type of boot sector at the very beginning of partitioned
computer mass storage devices like fixed disks or removable drives intended for
use with IBM PC-compatible systems and beyond.
10. manages all the software and hardware on the computer.

Activity 2: INSPECT ME
Direction: Look for any of the gadget like android phone, tablet, or any Personal
Computer that you can find in your home. Explore and check the following information
found on its BIOS settings for personal computer or Phone Settings for
Android/Windows Cellphone or Tablet. Write your answers in your activity notebook.
(40pts)

Gadget Name BIOS Information

Processor:
Memory / RAM: _
BIOS / Kernel Version:
BIOS Build Date:
OS Version / Android Version:

V. EVALUATION:
Direction: Read and answer the questions below, then write the letter of the best
answer in the provided answer sheet. (15pts)
1. What is GPU?
A. graphical unit interface C. graphical unit interconnect
B. graphical user interface D. graphical user interconnect
2. Which of the following is the most important software that runs on a computer?
A. anti-virus software C. operating system
B. application software D. video editing software
3. What is the correct sequence of diagram describing the operation of operating
system?
A. hardware-apps-user-OS C. user-apps-OS-hardware
B. OS-user-apps-hardware D. OS-user-hardware-apps
4. Which of the following is a family of open source operating systems?
A. Apple IOS C. Ubuntu
B. MAC OS D. Windows 10
5. What do you call a chip located on all motherboards that contain instructions and
setup for how your system should boot and how it operates?
A. BIOS C. Northbridge Chipset
B. CMOS D. Southbridge Chipset
6. Which of the following that test the computer hardware and make sure no errors
exist before loading the operating system?
A. BIOS B. CMOS C. EEPROM D. POST

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7. What specification that defines a software interface between an operating system
and platform firmware?
A. BIOS B. GPT C. MBR D. UEFI
8. What year does the windows 10 first version released?
A. 2007 B. 2013 C. 2015 D. 2017
9. Where should you look to interpret different beep codes?
A. BIOS manufacturer C. HDD manufacturer
B. CPU manufacturer D. Memory manufacturer
10. Most PCs give a single beep on bootup to indicate they are ok hardware wise. You
boot your PC and do not get a beep. What should you check first?
A. microprocessor C. speaker
B. random access memory D. system board
11. You just installed a new SATA hard drive, but your system BIOS will not recognize
the new drive, what should you check first?
A. SATA Cable sequence C. Drivers that need to be loaded
B. Jumpers on the hard drive D. HDD manufacturer information
12. You get a CMOS checksum error during bootup. What is most likely the cause?
A. Power supply is bad C. CMOS battery is nearing end of life
B. BIOS needs updating D. Hard drive types are incorrectly defined
13. You have just finished assembling a new computer. When the computer is powered
up for the first time, the POST discovers a problem. How does the POST indicate
the error?
A. It locks the keyboard.
B. It issues several short beeps.
C. It places an error message in the BIOS.
D. The LED on the front of the computer case flashes several times.
14. If you are going to display the system temperature, power status, and changing the
fan settings, what configuration of the BIOS you will open?
A. Ai tweaker B. boot C. monitor D. tool
15. A user reports that every morning when a particular computer is turned on, the
configuration settings on that computer have to be reset. What action should be
taken to remedy this situation?
A. Move the jumpers. C. Replace the motherboard.
B. Upgrade the BIOS. D. Replace the CMOS battery

VI. ADDITIONAL READINGS / AGREEMENT / ASSIGNMENT

More Information on BIOS
BIOS, which stands for Basic Input Output System, is software stored on a
small memory chip on the motherboard. It is BIOS that is responsible for the POST
and therefore makes it the very first software to run when a computer is started.

BIOS instructs the computer on how to perform basic functions such as booting
and keyboard control.

The BIOS firmware is non-volatile, meaning that its settings are saved and
recoverable even after power has been removed from the device.

Before updating BIOS, check what version is currently running on your

computer.

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 When configuring updates, verify that you have downloaded the right file for
your motherboard and that the computer is not shut down part way through or the
update canceled abruptly. Interruptions could brick the motherboard and render the
computer unusable, making it difficult to regain functionality.

One way to avoid this problem is to use what is called a "boot lock" section of
the BIOS software which gets updated on its own apart from the rest so that if
corruption ensues, a recovery process prevents damage.

However, nowadays, BIOS has slowly been being replaced by UEFI (Unified
Extensible Firmware Interface) in newer computers, which offers benefits like a better
user interface and a built-in, pre-OS platform for accessing the web. (Fisher 2020)

Please answer the following questions in the provided answer sheet. (10pts)
1. In configuring update, what do you need to verify?
2. Why boot lock is important?
3. What is the meaning of the acronym BIOS?
4. What is the function of BIOS?
5. What is BIOS firmware?

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 F. BANGOY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING
GRADE 11 – ZARA

2ND SEMESTER / 3RD QUARTER

ANSWER SHEET

Control No.
Name:
Year & Sec: Contact No:
School:
Teacher:

Activity 1: FILL IN ME
1. 3. 5. 7. 9.
2. 4. 6. 8. 10.

Activity 2: INSPECT ME.

Gadget Name BIOS Information

Processor:

Memory / RAM:

BIOS / Kernel Version:

BIOS Build Date:

OS Version / Android Version:

EVALUATION:
1. 4. 7. 10. 13.
2. 5. 8. 11. 14.
3. 6. 9. 12. 15.

Additional Readings
1. In configuring update, what do you need to verify?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

2. Why boot lock is important?

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

3. What is the meaning of the acronym BIOS?

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4. What is the function of BIOS?

5. What is BIOS firmware?

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