Science and Technology and ICT

Surname: Sibanda
Name: Anenyasha
Level: 6
Learning Area: Science and Technology and ICT
Topic: Health and safety
Sub- Topic: Human Body
Sub- Title: Dental care
CALA COMPONENT C
Introduction
 There are many types of teeth. Each type of teeth has its
own function. Teeth are important when it comes to
hygiene and Dental care.
What is Dental care?

 Dental care or dentalcare is the maintenance of healthy
teeth and may refer to: Oral hygiene, the practice of
keeping the mouth and teeth clean to prevent dental
disorders. Dentistry, the professional care of teeth,
including professional oral hygiene and dental surgery.
Cala Background
 It has been observed with much concern that most of the
facilitators and learners have a problem of tooth decay
due to lack of knowledge and understanding on the
causes and prevention of tooth decay, hence it has probed
the facilitator to give room to learners to research on the
causes and prevention of tooth decay.
Part A
1. Types of teeth
 The four types of teeth are incisors, molars canines and

wisdom teeth – but there are a few subcategories of teeth
within each of them, most notably the molars. Children
also have their baby teeth, or 'primary teeth', which fall out
by age 12.
1. Inscisors
 – The four front teeth in both the upper and lower jaws are
called incisors. Their primary function is to cut food. The
two incisors on either side of the midline are known
as central incisors. The two adjacent teeth to the central
incisors are known as the lateral incisors.
2. Canines
 Canine teeth get their name because they resemble a

dog's fangs. They're pointier than other types of teeth.
Most people have four canine teeth — one in each
quadrant (upper right, upper left, lower right, lower left).
Canine teeth help you tear into foods like meat and
crunchy vegetables.
3. Molar
 Molars are rounded and used for grinding food into easily
swallowed pieces. The smaller and sharper front teeth are
used for biting and tearing food. Molars are designed to
sustain great amounts of force from chewing, grinding,
and clenching, and each molar is anchored to the jaw
bone with two to four roots.
4. Premolar
 Premolars. Also called bicuspids, premolars sit between
your canines and your molars (the teeth in the back of
your mouth). Premolar teeth have features of both canines
and molars. They help you tear, crush and grind food into
smaller pieces.
Causes of tooth decay.
1. Not brushing your teeth.
 Bacteria can easily hide under areas of tartar buildup and

become very difficult to remove by brushing and
flossing. Bacteria hiding under tartar can cause teeth to
weaken and decay, eventually resulting in cavities.
2. Eating too sugary foods.
 Sugary food and drinks are one of the main causes of

tooth decay. Acid is produced when the bacteria in your
mouth break down the sugar. The acid dissolves the tooth
surface, which is the first stage of tooth decay.
3. Tooth ache
 A toothache refers to pain in or around your tooth. Minor

toothaches can occur from a temporary gum irritation that
you can treat at home. More severe toothaches result
from cavities, infection or other dental conditions that won't
get better on their own.
4. Eating disorder
 The most common eating disorders are anorexia, bulimia,

and binge-eating disorder. Most eating disorders involve
focusing too much on weight, body shape and food. This
can lead to dangerous eating behaviours. These
behaviours can seriously affect the ability to get the
nutrition your body needs.
5. Smoking
 Cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and other forms of
tobacco cause oral cancer, gum disease, and other oral
health problems. Untreated tooth decay is higher in people
who smoke cigarettes. Over 40% of adults aged 20 to 64
who currently smoke cigarettes have untreated tooth
decay.
Prevention of tooth decay
1. Brushing of teeth
 You help take food and plaque off your teeth. Plaque is a
sticky white film that forms on teeth. Plaque has bacteria
in it. After you eat a meal or snack that has sugar, the
bacteria in plaque make acids that attack tooth enamel.
2. Have a balanced diet.
 Food choices and eating habits are important

in preventing tooth decay and gingival disease. Minerals
like calcium and phosphorus contribute to dental health by
protecting and rebuilding tooth enamel.
3.Prevent having a tooth ache.

3. Brush your teeth two to three times a day using a
fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush.
4. Floss between your teeth once a day.
5. Use an antibacterial mouthwash twice a day.
6. Limit your intake of sugary foods and drinks.
7. Visit your dentist regularly for exams and cleanings.
4. Prevent eating disorder.
 You can prevent tooth decay by eating a healthy diet,

avoiding sugar sweetened drinks, drinking plenty of tap
water, brushing your teeth twice a day using a fluoride
toothpaste, and flossing once a day. Regular professional
care can help to identify and prevent decay and may avoid
the need for a filling.
5. Avoid smoking.
 Brush your teeth twice a day.

 Floss often to remove plaque.
 See a dentist regularly for checkups and professional
cleanings.
 Don't smoke. If you smoke, quit.
Different materials used for brushing teeth.
1. Toothbrush
 The toothbrush is an instrument which is used to clean the

teeth, gums, and tongue. It contains a head of tightly
clustered bristles which is mounted on a handle. The long
handle helps reach all the areas of the mouth. Toothpaste
is usually placed on top of the bristles for brushing.
2. Floss
 Floss is an instrument that you use before or after you

brush your teeth. Floss is used for removing excess foods
like meat or vegetables. Floss is put in between your teeth
to remove the foods.
3. Mouth wash
 Mouth wash is a liquid that is used in the mouth .Mouth
wash is used exactly after brushing your teeth. It is used
to remove germs from your mouth.
4. toothpaste
 toothpaste is a paste that you use to brush your teeth. It is

assisted with a toothbrush.
STEPS ON BRUSHING YOUR TEETH.
1. Put your toothpaste with your toothbrush.

2. Start brushing your teeth.
3. When your done put floss in between your teeth
4. Put mouth wash in your mouth.
5. Wipe your mouth.
Recommendations
 We should brush our teeth everyday so that you don’t get
infectious diseases. If we don’t brush our teeth we may
get diseases and it may end up to scurvy.
Findings
 Disease- A germ that affects a part of your body

 Tooth- A white part in your gums
Conclusion
 Teeth are important to our health. Without teeth we won’t

be able to speak nor eat the delicious foods.

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Surname: Sibanda

What is Dental care?

 The four types of teeth are incisors, molars canines and

 Canine teeth get their name because they resemble a

Causes of tooth decay.

1. Not brushing your teeth.

 Bacteria can easily hide under areas of tartar buildup and

 Sugary food and drinks are one of the main causes of

 A toothache refers to pain in or around your tooth. Minor

 The most common eating disorders are anorexia, bulimia,

Prevention of tooth decay

 Food choices and eating habits are important

3.Prevent having a tooth ache.

4. Prevent eating disorder.

 You can prevent tooth decay by eating a healthy diet,

 Brush your teeth twice a day.

 The toothbrush is an instrument which is used to clean the

 Floss is an instrument that you use before or after you

 toothpaste is a paste that you use to brush your teeth. It is

STEPS ON BRUSHING YOUR TEETH.

1. Put your toothpaste with your toothbrush.

 Disease- A germ that affects a part of your body

 Teeth are important to our health. Without teeth we won’t

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