Name:...................

CHUYÊN ĐỀ: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION / REWRITE

(Chuyển đổi câu / Viết câu không đổi nghĩa)
*Các dạng cơ bản

1. PASSIVE VOICE(Bị động)*Nhận biết: khi tân ngữ câu 1 được đưa lên đầu câu trong câu 2
EXERCISE: (Note: place-by-time, already/just đứng trước been)
1. They use a computer to do that job nowadays.
→ A computer......................................................................................................................................................
2. They couldn’t do anything to stop the fire.
→ Nothing............................................................................................................................................................
3. Alice’s strange ideas surprised everybody.
→ Everybody.......................................................................................................................................................
4. They will use banana leaves to wrap food.
→ Banana.............................................................................................................................................................
5. My uncle has just given me a new bicycle.
→ I.......................................................................................................................................................................
6. They have just planted some trees on the sidewalk.
→ Some trees have...............................................................................................................................................
7. Our teacher makes us do a lot of homework every day.
→ We...................................................................................................................................................................
8. They have just introduced a new style of jeans in the USA.
→A new style of jeans.........................................................................................................................................
9. You should wash your hands regularly to protect against Coronavirus.
→Your hands should............................................................................................................................................
10. The police fined many people in my city for not wearing masks in puplic.
→Many people in my city....................................................................................................................................
2. DÙNG TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA
- be keen on ~ be fond of ~ be interested in ~ love ~ enjoy + Ving (thích, có hứng thú)
- take care of ~ look after ~ care for + Ving (chăm sóc)
- continue ~ go on+ Ving ( ( tiếp tục)
- be excited about (hào hứng) ~ hope(hy vọng) ~ expect to(mong đợi) ~ look forward toV-ing ( mong đợi)
- not remember(không nhớ) ~ forget ( quên), remember (nhớ)~ not forget(đừng quên)
1. She loves learning English very much.
→She is fond........................................................................................................................................................
2. Tim’s grandmother takes care of him while his parents are at work.
→Tim’s grandmother looks.................................................................................................................................
3.I hope to see you at Christmas.
→ I’m looking......................................................................................................................................................
4. My sister will continue studying English when she graduates in law.
→ My sister will go..............................................................................................................................................
5. Mandy is excited about going to Greece on holiday.
→Mandy is looking..............................................................................................................................................
6. You forgot to turn off the TV last night, didn’t you?
→ You didn’t remember .....................................................................................................................................
7. Minh really loves to hang out with friends.
→ Minh really enjoys...........................................................................................................................................
8. My hobbies are playing sports and reading books
→I love.................................................................................................................................................................
9. She looks after her younger sister after school.
→ She takes .........................................................................................................................................................
10. Remember to check your flight number.
→Don’t................................................................................................................................................................
3. WISH SENTENCE( Câu ước)
1/Viết lại câu với wish , mệnh đề sau wish phải phản nghĩa/ lùi thì với câu đã cho.
2/ Khi viết lại câu với wish BỎ các cụm từ :
What a pity / It is a pity / It’s terrible /
S + be + sorry / S + regret...,
would like…to
S +would love want/would like ...to
Ex. I’m sorry I don’t help you. → I wish I helped you.
Ex. I’d like my father to be here now. → I wish my father were here now.
3/ Dùng “were” cho tất cả các ngôi
EXERCISE: Rewrite the sentences below, using “WISH” to express wishes:
1. Mary doesn't have enough free time to visit her old friends.
→ Mary wishes....................................................................................................................................................
2. I can’t remember the answers to these questions.
→I wish................................................................................................................................................................
3. He can’t pass the examination.
→ He wishes........................................................................................................................................................
4. We don’t have enough money to help people in flooded areas.
→We wish............................................................................................................................................................
5. I don’t know how to get to the station. (way)
→ I wish I.............................................................................................................................................................
6. It’s a pity that I can’t play chess.
→I wish................................................................................................................................................................
7. Mai can’t visit her pen pal in Malaysia.
→ Mai wishes.....................................................................................................................................................
8. Their old house wasn’t near West Lake.
→ They wish........................................................................................................................................................
9. He’s sorry he often gets bad marks.
→ He wishes........................................................................................................................................................
10. I’m really sorry I speak English very slowly.
→ I wish...............................................................................................................................................................
4. RELATIVE CLAUSE ( Mệnh đề quan hệ)
EXERCISE:
1. Sandra works in advertising. You were talking to her at 7 a.m. yesterday. (using “whom”)
→Sandra. .............................................................................................................................................................
2. I’m looking for some books. They tell about Vietnamese history. (using “which”)
→ I’m looking. ....................................................................................................................................................
3. Nguyen Du wrote “Truyen Kieu”. He is one of the famous Vietnamese poems. (using “who”)
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
4. The girl is very friendly. She lives next door to us. (using “who”)
→ The girl who....................................................................................................................................................
5. We should help homeless people. They suffered from natural disasters. (using “who”)
→ We should........................................................................................................................................................
6. Sydney is the largest Australian city. It is not the capital of Australia. (using “which”)
→ .........................................................................................................................................................................
7. The footballer has scored many goals for his team. He is living in Can Tho city now. (using “who”)
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
8. I’ll introduce you to the man. His support is necessary for your project. (using “whose”)
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
9. The boy is my cousin. You make fun of him. (using “whom”)
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
10. The student is from China. He sits next to me. (using “who”)
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
5. REPORTED SPEECH (Câu tường thuật)
EXERCISE:
1. The interviewer asked me “What do you often do in your free time?”,
→ The interviewer asked me...............................................................................................................................
2. “What are you looking for?” The mother said to the boy.
→ The mother asked the boy..............................................................................................................................
3. “I have a habit of reading books to widen my knowledge.”, Tony said.
→ Tony said that..................................................................................................................................................
4. “I am doing my homework. “ John told his sister
→ John said to his sister.......................................................................................................................................
5. “I will help you to cook dinner.”, Tom said to his mother.
→ Tom told his mother that.................................................................................................................................
6. "How much do you think it will cost?', he said to me.
→ He asked me....................................................................................................................................................
7. I’m doing the homework now.”, she said.
→She said she was...............................................................................................................................................
8. "Where are you planning to spend your holiday?" Kate asked me.
→ Kate asked me.................................................................................................................................................
9. James asked, “Will you work tomorrow, Lily?”
→James wanted to know if..................................................................................................................................
10. “Please give Tom the book.” the teacher said to me.
→ The teacher told me.........................................................................................................................................
6. SUGGESTION (Câu đề nghị)
- I suggest + V-ing - I suggest that we should + Vo.
- What about + V-ing...? - I think we should + Vo.
- How about + V-ing...? - Let’s + Vo.
- Why don’t we + Vo....?
- Shall we + Vo....?
EXERCISE:
1. Let’s put garbage bins around the schoolyard.
→I suggest we......................................................................................................................................................
2. "Let's go out for lunch”, Mary said.
→ Mary suggested...............................................................................................................................................
3. Why don’t you decorate the living room for Tet?
→I suggest...........................................................................................................................................................
4. I think we should use energy-saving bulbs.
→Let's..................................................................................................................................................................
5. Shall we use gas instead of burning coal?
→ How about.......................................................................................................................................................
6. I think it is better to wait for the next bus.
→ I suggest..........................................................................................................................................................
7. Why don’t you work harder on your pronunciation?
→I suggest that....................................................................................................................................................
8. Shall we use gas instead of burning coal?
→ How about.......................................................................................................................................................
9. Why don’t you plant some trees around your school?
→ What about.....................................................................................................................................................
10. I think we should take the train.
→ I suggest .........................................................................................................................................................
7. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES(Câu điều kiện)
* Điều kiện loại 1: *Nhận biết: “or”, “and” ( “or”phản nghĩa 1 vế)
If clause Main clause
S + V(s/es) S + will/can/must/may + Vo….
EXERCISE:
1. Go to bed early, or you will feel tired at school the next day.
→If you don’t.......................................................................................................................................................
2. Reduce the amount of salt in your food, or your health will suffer.
→If you don’t.......................................................................................................................................................
3. All the family members will not feel happy if he does not try more.
→ Unless..............................................................................................................................................................
4. The authorities are thinking of raising the petrol prices. I will have to cycle to work.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
5. Recycle and we’ll save natural resources.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
6. Be careful or you will fall over the rocks.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
7. Working too much can make you feel tired.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
8. Don’t be careless or you’ll break the vase.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
9. We should take the map with us or we will lose our way on the street.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
10. Go right now or you will be late for the train.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
* Điều kiện loại 2( Hiện tại giả định): *Nhận biết: because, so ( phản nghĩa 2 vế, lùi thì)
If clause Main clause
S + V(2/ed) S + would/could/might + Vo….
EXERCISE:
1. I’m so busy, so I don’t write to my friends regularly.
→ If I. ..................................................................................................................................................................
2. He doesn’t learn new words regularly. He can’t do this test well..
→If he..................................................................................................................................................................
3. I don't know John's phone number, so I can't call him.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
4. He can't buy a bike because he doesn't have enough money.
→If he..................................................................................................................................................................
5. I can’t give you the answer because I don’t know.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
6. Mrs. Green has no money, so she won’t travel to the world.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
7. He doesn’t apply for the job because he doesn’t have enough qualifications.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
8. The office might be closed, so Minh won’t be able to walk in.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
9. You haven’t got a pen, so you can’t write down the address.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
10. They do not understand you because you speak too fast.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
8. ALTHOUGH VÀ BUT(Mệnh đề chỉ sự nhượng bộ)
* Dạng chuyển từ “although/even though” → “but” và ngược lại
EXERCISE:
1. Linda came to the station early, but she missed the train.
→Although...........................................................................................................................................................
2. She has poor health, but she works twelve hours a day.
→ Even though ...................................................................................................................................................
3. We are all busy, but we always spend time doing interesting things.
→ Although.........................................................................................................................................................
4. I was very sleepy, but I still wanted to watch the football match on TV.
→ Although..........................................................................................................................................................
5. Although it got dark, they continued to work.(BUT)
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
 9. BECAUSE VÀ SO (Mệnh đề nguyên nhân kết quả)
* Dạng chuyển từ “because/since/as” → “so” và ngược lại
EXERCISE:
1. She behaves badly, so everyone hates her.
→As.....................................................................................................................................................................
2. Because the water is polluted, we can’t swim in that river.(SO)
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
3. Because Nga has had a sore leg, she had difficulty in walking. (SO).
4. He behaved badly, so he found himself in trouble.
→Since. ...............................................................................................................................................................
5. It was snowing, so we didn’t go out for a walk.
→Because. ..........................................................................................................................................................
10. PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLE( Hiện tại hoàn thành và Quá khứ đơn)
EXERCISE:
*Type 1: started/began+ Ving → Lấy V sau started/began chia Hiện tại hoàn thành(have/has + Ved/V3)
ago <=> for
in <=> since
1. Mr. Long started working in this company five years ago.
→ Mr. Long has...................................................................................................................................................
2. My father started to give up smoking last year.
→ My father.........................................................................................................................................................
3.They have worked in this factory since 2001.
→ They started. ...................................................................................................................................................
4.They started watching TV 15 minutes ago.
→ They have . .....................................................................................................................................................
5. I started working in this factory 5 years ago.
→ I have...............................................................................................................................................................
*Type 2: The last time + S +V(quá khứ) was..........years a go.(Lần cuối .....................là.........)
1. I haven't seen her for 15 years.
→ The last time ...................................................................................................................................................
2. The last time Nam saw his uncle was in 2001.
→Nam hasn’t.......................................................................................................................................................
3. I haven’t been in this village since May.
→The last time ....................................................................................................................................................
4. She hasn’t gone out with him for 5 months.
→The last time ....................................................................................................................................................
5. The Pikes haven’t visited Paris for 2 years.
→The last time ....................................................................................................................................................
*Type 3: This is the first time + Hiện tại hoàn thành(have/has + V3/Ved)
1. We haven’t seen such a cruel mother before.
→This is the first time .........................................................................................................................................
2. This is the first time I have visited the USA.
→I haven’t ..........................................................................................................................................................
3. She has never eaten lobster before.
→This is the first time..........................................................................................................................................
4. This is the first time I have seen this film.
→I haven’t ..........................................................................................................................................................
5. I have never seen this style of jeans before.
→ It’s the first time .............................................................................................................................................
11. TAKE/TOOK AND SPEND/SPENT
Take/Took + to Vo Spend/Spent + Ving
It takes Nam two hours to do his homework
Nam spends two hours doing his homework every day.
every day.
S + takes/took + O + time + to Vo … S + spend/spent + time + V-ing ….
EXERCISE:
1. We spent five hours getting to London.
→ It took............................................................................................................................................................
2. It takes Minh 2 hours to do his homework every day.
→ Minh spends....................................................................................................................................................
3.Nga /spend/2 hours /do homework /every day(Use given words or phrases to make meaningful sentences.)
→.........................................................................................................................................................................
4. It is a one-hour flight from Sophia to Athens.
→It takes..............................................................................................................................................................
5. I spend half an hour travelling to work by motorbike every day.
→It takes..............................................................................................................................................................
6. We spent five hours getting to London.
→It.......................................................................................................................................................................
7. It took us two hours to water the flowers.
→We spent...........................................................................................................................................................
8. It took me a fairly long time to answer all my e-mails.
→I spent ..............................................................................................................................................................
9. The flight from Ho Chi Minh City to Singapore only takes three hours.
→It takes ...........................................................................................................................................................
10. It takes me two hours to travel to HCM city.
→ I spend............................................................................................................................................................
12. ADJECTIVE AND ADVERBS( Tính từ và trạng từ)
EXERCISE:
1. Jane is a very good cook.
→ Jane cooks ......................................................................................................................................................
2. Le Quang Liem is an excellent chess player.
→Le Quang Liem plays.......................................................................................................................................
3. John is a careful cyclist.
→John rides.........................................................................................................................................................
4.My sister plays badminton very well.
→My sister is.......................................................................................................................................................
5. My father teaches Chemistry well.
→ My father is ....................................................................................................................................................
6. Mr. Nam plays soccer very wonderfully.
→ Mr. Nam is......................................................................................................................................................
7. Lan learns English quicky.
→Lan is................................................................................................................................................................
8.This tool is useful.
→It’s....................................................................................................................................................................
9. Her hair is long and brown.
→She has.............................................................................................................................................................
13. SO SÁNH
BIẾN ĐỔI GIỮA CÁC DẠNG SO SÁNH
1/ So sánh hơn <=> so sánh không bằng ( not as.....as....)
Ex. She is more beautiful than me → I am not as beautiful as her.
2/ So sánh nhất <=> No + noun + be + so sánh bằng / so sánh hơn
Ex. Lan is the tallest student in the class → No other student in the class is as tall as Lan. / is taller than
Lan.
3/ So sánh kém => so sánh không bằng (2 tính từ này phải trái nghĩa nhau)
Ex. He is less tall than you → You are not as short as him
EXERCISE:
1. Lan can cook better than Hoa.
→Hoa can’t .........................................................................................................................................................
2. My friend does the English test better than I do.
→ I don’t .............................................................................................................................................................
3. Nam/tallest/ student/this class. (Use given words or phrases to make meaningful sentences.)
→ .........................................................................................................................................................................
4. Outdoor activities are often more interesting than the classroom ones.
→ Classroom activities are not............................................................................................................................
5. The town was nearer than we thought.
→The town wasn’t as...........................................................................................................................................
6. Cars are faster than buses.
→Buses aren’t......................................................................................................................................................
7. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges.
→Apples are not..................................................................................................................................................
8. My mother cooks better than Alan’s mother does.
→Alan’s mother...................................................................................................................................................
9. No one in class is as tall as Tam
→Tam is the ........................................................................................................................................................
14. CÂU CẢM THÁN
EXERCISE: ( Note: bỏ adv mức độ: very, really, quite, extremely...)
1. That meal is excellent.
→What ................................................................................................................................................................
2. The flowers are very beautiful.
→What ................................................................................................................................................................
3. This girl is very intelligent.
→What.................................................................................................................................................................
4. How well she dances!
→What a..............................................................................................................................................................
5. The weather is terrible. What ......................................................................................................................
15. USED TO + Vo ( Đã từng)
EXERCISE:
1. They often went to school by bike when they were young.
→They used.........................................................................................................................................................
2. His sister usually played hide and seek when she was a child.
→ His sister used to.............................................................................................................................................
3. When I was a child, I lived in Bristol.
→ I used ..............................................................................................................................................................
4. My brother stopped smoking now.
→My brother used...............................................................................................................................................
5. Ben drank a lot of coffee but now he prefers tea.
→Ben used...........................................................................................................................................................
6. I didn’t go to school in the morning last year so I got up late.
→I used ...............................................................................................................................................................
7. I had a cat once, but I don’t have any more
→I used ...............................................................................................................................................................
8. Women often did the housework without the help of modern equipment in the past
→In the past, women used...................................................................................................................................
9. I usually went fishing when I lived in the countryside.
→I used ...............................................................................................................................................................
10. Tam doesn’t type as fast as she used to.
→Tam used to......................................................................................................................................................
16. It + be+ Adj + (for sb) to Vo..............(Mệnh đề tính từ)
EXERCISE:
1. Wearing casual clothes is necessary for secondary school students.
→ .........................................................................................................................................................................
2. It is difficult to travel during the rush- hour.
→ .........................................................................................................................................................................
3.Swimming in the river is dangerous.
→ .........................................................................................................................................................................
4. To know English is necessary.
→It ......................................................................................................................................................................
5. Going swimming in the river in the summer is interesting.
→It.......................................................................................................................................................................
6. I remembered your phone number. It was easy.
→It ......................................................................................................................................................................
7. We couldn’t answer those two difficult questions.
→Those two questions.........................................................................................................................................
8. It was difficult for her to connect the new dishwasher.
→She found .......................................................................................................................................................
17. IN ORDER TO Vo / SO AS TO Vo / TO Vo/ SO THAT + S + V (Để mà)
EXERCISE:
1. I’m learning English. I want to read books in English. (in order to)
→ .........................................................................................................................................................................
2. Lan does karate every day because she wants to keep fit and be stronger. (so as to)
→Lan does karate every day so as.......................................................................................................................
3. My brother is studying hard because he doesn’t want to fail the final exam.(in order (not) to)
→ My brother is studying hard............................................................................................................................
4. She practices speaking English every day. She wants to talk with foreigners. (so that)
→ .........................................................................................................................................................................
5. She got up early this morning. She wanted to go to school on time. (in order to)
→ .........................................................................................................................................................................
6. Nam does exercise every morning. He wants to keep fit and stay healthy.
→......................................................in order to...................................................................................................
18. WOULD YOU MIND.....?( Bạn có phiền...?)
- Do you minh + Ving................? - Would you mind + Ving.............?
- Do you mind if + S + V(hiện tại)...........? - Would you minh if + S + V(quá khứ)..............?
1. Is it all right if I borrow your car tonight?
→Would you mind...............................................................................................................................................
2. Would you mind if I opened the window?
→Do you mind ....................................................................................................................................................
3. Would you mind if I sat here?
→ Do you mind if ...............................................................................................................................................
4. Could you switch the lights off?
→ Do you mind ...................................................................................................................................................
5. Can I borrow your pencil?
→Would you mind if...........................................................................................................................................
6. Can you take me home after the class?
→ Do you mind ...................................................................................................................................................
19. TAG QUESTION (Câu hỏi đuôi)
EXERCISE:
1. You forgot to turn off the TV last night, didn’t you?
→ You didn’t remember .....................................................................................................................................
2. They painted your school blue, didn’t they?
→Your school......................................................................................................................................................
3. Is he watching TV now?
→He is.................................................................................................................................................................
20. BE USED TO V-ING/ GET USED TO V-ING(Đã quen với)
EXERCISE:
1. She doesn’t usually stay up so late.
→She’s not used..................................................................................................................................................
2. I don’t normally eat at restaurants.
→I’m not used .....................................................................................................................................................
3. I don’t find it difficult to get up early in the morning.
→I am used .........................................................................................................................................................
4. I always find it strange to travel by air.
→I'm not ..............................................................................................................................................................
21. “because / since / as” → “because of”
- Dạng 1: Cùng chủ ngữ → chuyển động từ thành V-ing
Ex: Because I am ill, I do not go to school.
 Because of being ill, I do not go to school.
Dạng 2: N (danh từ) + be + adj → the adj + N
Ex: Because the weather was bad, he didn’t come.
 Because of the bad weather, he didn’t come.
Dạng 3:
- He/ She + be + lazy → his/ her laziness
- He/ She + be + sick → his/ her sickness
- He/ She + be + happy → his/ her happiness
- He/ She + be + old → his/ her old age
- He/ She + be + careless → his/ her carelessness
- He/ She + be + strong → his/ her strength
Ex: Tom failed the exam because of his laziness.
 Tom failed the exam because he was lazy.
Dạng 4: because of + Adj + N → Because + S + V + Adv
because of the heavy rain → Because it rains/rained heavily
because of the heavy snow → Because it snows/snowed heavily
Ex: Because it rained heavily, he didn’t come.
 Because of the heavy rain, he didn’t come.

EXERCISE:
1. Tom failed the exam because of his laziness.
→ Because Tom...................................................................................................................................................
2. Lan broke the vase because of her carelessness.
→Since Lan .........................................................................................................................................................
3.We were late for school because of the heavy rain.
→Because it.........................................................................................................................................................
4. Because I am ill, I do not go to school.
→Because of .......................................................................................................................................................
5. Because the water is polluted, we can’t swim in that river.
→Because of........................................................................................................................................................
6. Because of his strength, I am afraid of him.
→Because............................................................................................................................................................
7. Mr. Pike wears glasses because of his old age.
→Because............................................................................................................................................................
8. He ate much because of being hungry.
→Because............................................................................................................................................................
9. The plane didn’t take off because of the bad weather.
→Because............................................................................................................................................................
10. Because of the bad weather, he didn’t come to the meeting on time.
→Because............................................................................................................................................................
22. “although/even though” → “in spite of” và ngược lại
EXERCISE:
1. We did the test well in spite of its difficulty.
→ Although..........................................................................................................................................................
2. Despite the bad weather, he came to the meeting on time.
→ Although..........................................................................................................................................................
3. Despite being good at English, he wasn’t chosen.
→ Though............................................................................................................................................................
4. Despite having an English name, he is in fact German.
→ Even though....................................................................................................................................................
5. He studied very well despite his hard life at that time.
→ Although..........................................................................................................................................................
6. Although the streets are narrow, many people drive cars in this city.
→ In spite of …....................................................................................................................................................
7. Although it rained heavily, I went to school on time.
→ Despite ............................................................................................................................................................
8. The flight was not delayed although it was foggy.
→ Despite …........................................................................................................................................................
9. He couldn’t solve the problem though he is good at math.
→ In spite of ........................................................................................................................................................
10. Although Miss Nga doesn’t earn much money, she spends like a millionaire.
→ In spite of ........................................................................................................................................................
23. NOT ONLY.................BUT ALSO ( Không chỉ.............mà còn)
EXERCISE:
1. Mary is both intelligent and nice. (not only ….. but also)
→ Mary is ...........................................................................................................................................................
2. She dances beautifully. She sings sweetly as well. (not only ….. but also)
→ She...................................................................................................................................................................

3. He sings well and plays the guitar well.

→ He not only......................................................................................................................................................
4. She sings beautifully and play the piano well.
→She not only......................................................................................................................................................
24. THỂ NHỜ VẢ( HAVE / GET)
EXERCISE: ( Note: have sb Vo sth, get sb to Vo sth, have/get sth V3/Ved)
1. Do you have a postman deliver the newspaper every day?
→Do you have the newspaper.............................................................................................................................
2. Mr. Taylor fixed the sewing machine for my mother.
→My mother got .................................................................................................................................................
3. You look different. Have someone cut your hair ?
→Have you had ...................................................................................................................................................
4. Do you have a postman deliver the newspaper every day?
→Do you have the newspaper.............................................................................................................................
5. My father usually has me clean his bicycle.
→My father usually has.......................................................................................................................................
25. BEFORE(Trước)/ AFTER(Sau)
EXERCISE:
1. Before he left the room, he turned off all the devices to save electricity.
→After.................................................................................................................................................................
2. They had made all the arrangements before they decided to go anywhere.
→After they.........................................................................................................................................................
26.NOT THE SAME AS (Giống)<=> DIFFERENT FROM(Khác với)
EXERCISE:
1. Your T-shirt is not the same as mine.
→My T-shirt .......................................................................................................................................................
2. My camera was different from his.
→His ...................................................................................................................................................................
27. THE SAME + N <=>AS +ADJ +AS
Adjective(Tính từ) Noun(Danh từ)
long lenght
old age
wide width
deep depth
far distance
heavy weight
tall/high height
1. Lan and I are the same age.
→I am ..................................................................................................................................................................
2. Tam and Huy were the same height.
→Tam .................................................................................................................................................................
3. Your room is as wide as my room.
→My room .........................................................................................................................................................
4. My father and my mother are the same weight.
→My....................................................................................................................................................................
28. SO ........THAT/SUCH.......THAT/ TOO...........TO(Quá đến nỗi)
NỐI CÂU DÙNG “ TOO...TO”
1) Nếu trước tính từ, trạng từ có : so ,very, quite ,extremely... thì phải bỏ.
→ Ex 1: Lam is so short. She can't drive a car.→ Lam is too short to drive a car.
2) Nếu chủ ngữ 1và chủ ngữ 2 giống nhau thì không sử dụng (for + O)
→ Ex 2: Nam is so weak. He can't run. → Nam is too weak to run.
3) Nếu chủ ngữ 1và chủ ngữ 2 khác nhau thì thêm phần “ for + O”
→ Ex 3: The coffee is hot. I can't drink it. → The coffee is too hot for me to drink.
TOO…TO ( quá…không thể) → ENOUGH (đủ…để)
Ex. He is too weak to run fast → He is not strong enough to run fast.
* Chú ý: 2 tính từ phải trái nghĩa nhau
Biến đổi từ: SO…THAT(quá…đến nổi) →TOO…TO Vo(quá…không thể…)
Ex. Jack is too short to reach the top of the table.→ Jack is so short that he can’t reach the top of the table.
S + be + so + adj + that + S + can/can’t/could/couldn’t + Vo…
Biến đổi từ : SO…THAT → SUCH …THAT (quá…đến nỗi…)
Ex. The book is so interesting that I have read it many times
→ It is such an interesting book that I have read it many times
S + be + such + a/an + adj + noun + that + S + V…
EXERCISE:
1. The weather is too bad. We have to stay at home. (so ….. that)
→ The weather is................................................................................................................................................
2. The milk is very hot. The baby can’t drink it now. (so…….…that)
→ The milk is......................................................................................................................................................
3. This house is so expensive that we can't buy it.
→It is such..........................................................................................................................................................
4. He couldn’t drink the tea. It was too hot. (to)
→The tea was too................................................................................................................................................
5. The furniture was so expensive that I couldn’t buy it.
→The furniture was too......................................................................................................................................
6. Your daughter is too young to watch this kind of horror film.
→Your daughter is not........................................................................................................................................
7. There is a lot of furniture in this room so we don’t have enough space for the meeting.
→There is so ......................................................................................................................................................
8. My father drank so much coffee that he couldn’t get to sleep.
→My father drank much.....................................................................................................................................
9. He is so stupid that he can’t understand the lesson.
→He is such........................................................................................................................................................
10. It is too long from here to school for me to walk. (SUCH)
→It is...................................................................................................................................................................
11. You are weak. You can’t lift this box. (Dùng “ enough” để nối hai câu )
→ You are not.....................................................................................................................................................
12. Your bag is small. It can’t carry everything. (Dùng “ enough” để nối hai câu )
→Your bag isn’t..................................................................................................................................................
13. The front yard is too small to play soccer in
→The front yard isn’t..........................................................................................................................................
14. There was too much traffic for us to go out.
→There was such.................................................................................................................................................
15. The water was so cold that the children could not swim in it.
→The water was not ...........................................................................................................................................
29. Rearrange the given words or phrases to make meaningful sentences. (Sắp xếp từ thành câu)
1. some old friends/ a picnic/ preparing for/ with/ I'm/ of mine/ .
→.........................................................................................................................................................................
2. people/ that / He's/ this area/ have spoiled/ disappointed/ .
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
3. at work/ prefer to wear/ often/ modern clothing/ Many Vietnamese women/ .
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
4. primary school/ Mary/ the mosque/ used to walk past/ on her way to/ .
→.........................................................................................................................................................................
5. in their path/ anything/ Tornadoes/ that is/ can suck up/ .
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
6. lending/ English books/ you mind/ me/Would/ some/?
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
7. a local man/ named Ho Khanh /in 1991/by/ Son Doong Cave/ was/ discovered/.
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
8. together /Family members/ live apart/ at Tet/ who/ try to be/.
→..........................................................................................................................................................................

9. their free time/ Teenagers/ often spend/ surfing/ the Internet/most of.
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
10. we can/ use / motorbikes,/ If we/ public buses/ energy instead of / save/.
→..........................................................................................................................................................................

*Các dạng nâng cao

30. DÙNG TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA( Nâng cao)

EXERCISE:
1. Parents are often proud of their children’s good results. (PRIDE)
→.........................................................................................................................................................................
2. Do you own these two shops ? (BELONG)
→.........................................................................................................................................................................
3. England has many old towns and villages.
→There ...............................................................................................................................................................
4. I’ll telephone you tomorrow evening.
→I’ll give you.....................................................................................................................................................
5. The theater is near my house.
→The theater isn’t...............................................................................................................................................
6. They plan to collect used paper and send them for recycling. (Use ‘be going to’)
→They are...........................................................................................................................................................
7. Nga speaks English very well.
→Nga is very good. ...........................................................................................................................................
8. They ought to finish their homework carefully.
→They should. ...................................................................................................................................................
9. She was born on May 10th, 1996
→Her birthday....................................................................................................................................................
10. Nga must wash the dishes every day
→Nga has.............................................................................................................................................................
11. No one helps Sam do her homework.
→ Sam does. ......................................................................................................................................................
12. I don’t think you should go to work today.
→You’d better.....................................................................................................................................................
13. She and her mother are both beautiful.
→She is as...........................................................................................................................................................
14. We couldn’t drive because of the fog.
→The fog prevented............................................................................................................................................
15. You haven’t done your homework, haven’t you?
→It’s time ...........................................................................................................................................................
16.What is your date of birth?
→When were ......................................................................................................................................................
17. He hid the letter in a drawer because he didn’t want anyone to read it. (so that)
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
18. It’s not a good idea to travel during rush hour.
→It’s better to avoid...........................................................................................................................................
31. PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLE( Hiện tại hoàn thành và Quá khứ đơn)
*Type 4:
Tom hasn’t had his hair cut for three months. →It is three months since Tom last had his hair cut.
*Type 5:
It hasn’t rained for a week. →The last time it rained was a week ago./ It last rained a week
ago.
*Type 6:
I haven’t seen him since I left school. → I last saw him when I left school.
*Type 7:
How long is it since you knew him? → When did you last know him?

* Type8:
How long have you known him? → When did you know him?
* NOTES:
● It / this / that is the first, second, third time + S + has/have + V(3/ed)…
It / that / this + so sánh hơn ,nhất…
Ex: She is the most beautiful girl I have met
● It’s (high) time + S + V2/ed / were (dùng cho tất cả các ngôi)
EXERCISE
1. How long is it since they moved here?
→ When...............................................................................................................................................................
2. She bought that television two weeks ago.
→She has ............................................................................................................................................................
3. It has been ten years since Linda stopped playing the piano.
→ Linda hasn’t ....................................................................................................................................................
4. Lan hasn’t written to Maryam for a month.
→It’s....................................................................................................................................................................
5. It is years since we decorated the room.
→ We haven’t .....................................................................................................................................................
6. It’s years since we last met.
→We haven't........................................................................................................................................................
7. When did you last visit your hometown?
→ When was........................................................................................................................................................
8. I last met him 10 years ago.
→ I haven’t .........................................................................................................................................................
9. When did you last spend Christmas with your family?
→ How long is it..................................................................................................................................................
10. The Browns last painted the living room two years ago.
→The Browns have.............................................................................................................................................
11. I’ve never read such an interesting book before.
→ It’s the first time..............................................................................................................................................
12. He hasn’t been back to his hometown for over 20 years now.
→ It is..................................................................................................................................................................
13. Mary hasn’t seen her parents since she left for the USA.
→ Mary...............................................................................................................................................................
14. We last wrote to each other a year ago.
→ We have..........................................................................................................................................................
15. I’m asking you this question for the third time.
→This is...............................................................................................................................................................
16. I last met him five years ago.
→I haven’t...........................................................................................................................................................
17. It’s two months since we last saw a movie.
→We haven’t ......................................................................................................................................................
32. MỘT SỐ CÂU ĐẶC BIỆT KHÁC
EXERCISE:
1. Without water, we cannot live.
→If.......................................................................................................................................................................
2. “I’m sorry for being late,” she said to me.
→She apologized.................................................................................................................................................
3. The students are working in a laboratory with a lot of chemicals.
→The laboratory..................................................................................................................................................
4. It is not necessary for you to finish the test by Saturday.
→You don’t.........................................................................................................................................................
5. They haven’t replied to my invitation. Therefore, I think that they’re not coming to my party.
→Since.................................................................................................................................................................
6. His English is too bad to be an interpreter.
→He doesn’t........................................................................................................................................................
7. I was disappointed by the bad quality of the wine.
→I was disappointed that.....................................................................................................................................
8. Phong was very good at swimming.
→Phong................................................................................................................................................................
9. They began using that computer three months ago.
→That computer has............................................................................................................................................
10. They are living in a lovely house.
→The house in.....................................................................................................................................................
11. “What an attractive dimple you have!”, Tim said to Liz.
→Tim complimented...........................................................................................................................................
12. The children don’t like reading as much as watching TV.
→The children prefer...........................................................................................................................................
13. He said he didn’t steal the car.
→He denied.........................................................................................................................................................
14.”You shouldn’t spend your weekend in the city”
→She advised me.................................................................................................................................................
15. It is said that he is one hundred years old.
→He is said..........................................................................................................................................................
16. It was difficult for her to connect the new dishwasher.
→She found ........................................................................................................................................................
17.“You’ve spoiled my party”, he said.
→He accused.......................................................................................................................................................
18. City centers are more dangerous than they were 20 years ago. (SAFE)
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
19. They made me wait for the door for twenty minutes.
→I was.................................................................................................................................................................
20. It is said that he is one hundred years old.
→He is said..........................................................................................................................................................
21. I’ve never met a more intelligent man than him.
→..........................................................................................................................................................................
22. She and her mother are both beautiful.
→She is as............................................................................................................................................................
23. They’ve been living here for six years now.
→They moved .....................................................................................................................................................
24. I don’t think you should go to work today.
→You’d better.....................................................................................................................................................
25. The first May Day meeting was held in America.
→America is the country.....................................................................................................................................
26. Of the five students, Mary is the smartest.
→Among..............................................................................................................................................................
27. Only when something major and comprehensive is done can we prevent war, disease and poverty.
→In order.............................................................................................................................................................
28. The match was postponed to the following Sunday because the weather was bad.
→Due to...............................................................................................................................................................
29. Is email a good way for people to communicate?
→Email is.............................................................................................................................................................
30. Why don’t you take the medicine?
→If I.....................................................................................................................................................................
31. My father rode his motorbike to work.
→ My father went................................................................................................................................................
32. I walk to school every day.
→ I go to school...................................................................................................................................................
33. She doesn’t usually stay up so late.
→She’s not used..................................................................................................................................................
34. It’s time for the children to go to bed.
→ It’s high time...................................................................................................................................................
*Notes:
- walk ~ go on foot
- drive ~ travel / go by car
- ride a bike, bicycle/cycle ~ travel/go by bike/bicycle