NURSE NP1 BOARD CRAMSHEET - ASTIG NURSE LEPROSY 5.

AFTER DISCHARGE HOME QUARANTINE — 5 DAYS

1. CAUSATIVE AGENT — BACTERIA I6. Solation — separation of sick people with a contagious disease from
 VITAL STATISTICS REFERS TO — births, illnesses, marriages, 2. LAB TEST— SKIN BIOPSY people who are not sick.
divorce, separation and deaths 3. MULTI DRUG— RIFAMPICIN AND DAPSONE 7. Quarantine — separation and movement restrictions of people who
 Census — best source of information, provides biggest bulk of 4. MODE OF TRANSMISSION — RESPIRATORY DROPLETS were exposed to a contagious disease to see if they become sick.
conmunity data 5. Clinical manifestation — Numbness of affected areas 8. NURSE in COVID 19 — CASE FINDER
 Civil registry record — most accurate and reliable
 Demography — Size, distribution, composition, and change in ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL CHN INTEGRATED
population. 1. EARLY SIGN OF ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL: DIAPHORESIS 1. BIBLE ACT of NURSES — RA 9173
 There are three demographic variables in population growth. Which 2. Drug of choice to promote abstinence of alcohol Disulfiram (Antabuse) 2. Primary aim of RA 9173 — To regulate practice of professional nursing
one is NOT included — Morbidity 3. Alcohol widrawal with seizure: LORAZEPAM (ATIVAN ) in the country
SCABIES 4. Alcohol intoxication: DIALYSIS 3. Nurse closely monitors BHW — Respondent superior
1. Infection control measure : Use gloves 5. . Assesment data best information on patient physiologuc response to 4. Law promotes the well being and living conditions of government
2. MOST common symptom: Itchiness effectiveness of medication: Vital signs health workers — Magna Carta for health workers (RA7305)
3. Etiology of Scabies: Parasite 6. Eliminate in diet: Regular Coffee 5. Local government code — RA 7160
4. Apply anti – scabies lotion to: all skin areas 6. This law allows every Filipino to avail of affordable medicines —
5. PREVENT spread of Scabies: Avoid sharing items used by the infected CHN TOPIC Universal Health Care
person. 1. Paper lining before PHN BAG — to prevent contamination of the bag
2. Non Communicable disease, EXCEPT— PNEUMONIA COVID 19
HERBAL MEDS 3. Communicable disease — FLU LIKE 1. INCUBATION PERIOD — 2 TO 14 DAYS
1. GUAVA EXTRACT — ANTIBACTERIAL 4. Scattered cases like rabies — SPORADIC 2. ETIOLOGIC/CAUSATIVE — SARS COV2 Virus
2. BAYABAS — WOUND WASH 5. SCHISTOSOMIASIS vector — SNAIL 3. MODE OF TRANSMISSION — RESPIRATORY DROPLETS
3. LAGUNDI — COUGH 4. SWAB TEST — POLYMERASE REACTION TEST (RT PCR)
4. AMPALAYA — DIABETES RHEUMATIC HEART FEVER 5. COVID ANTIBODY TEST — SERUM TEST, PREVIOUS INFECTION
5. BAWANG — TAKEN AFTER MEALS for HTN 1. CAUSATIVE AGENT – STREPTOCOCCUS 6. COVID CARE — COMPLETE SET OF PPE
2. HISTORY OF – SORE THROAT
UHC 3. DIAGNOSIS— ECHOCARDIOGRAM DENGUE
1. RA 11223 —DUTERTE Universal Health Care Law 4. TREATMENT — AZITHROMYCIN  FEMALE AEDES AEGYPTI MOSQUITO
2. Signed February 20, 2019 5. PENIDURE ROUTE — INTRAMUSCULAR  VIRUS
3. DOH Organization — FOURMULA ONE PLUS  STAGNANT WATER
4. PHILIPPINE HEALTH INSURANCE — FINANCIAL RISK EPI  PETECHIAE >20
4. DOH VISION/MOTTO —All for health towards health for all. 1. When to give BCG — at birth  biting time: 8am and 4pm (2hours after sunrise and 2 hours before
5. UHC — ALL Filipinos are automatic members 2. First dose of measles — 9 months sunset)
3. Angle of subcutaneous injection — 45°  BLEEDING/HEMORRHAGIC : BETWEEN 4 TO 7TH DAY
TYPHOID FEVER 4. Compulsory basic immunization of children — PD 996  DESTRUCTION OF BREEDING PLACES
1. CAUSATIVE AGENT — BACTERIA 5. NOT given to pregnancy — RUBELLA  SUSTAIN HYDRATION
2. TRANSMISSION OF DISEASE — FOOD AND WATER
3. feces, urine, blood and other body fluids are considered as — TETANUS TOXOID TUBERCULOSIS
PORTAL OF EXIT 1. 10 YEARS PROTECTION — TT4  BACTERIA
4. What is the etiologic agent of Typhoid Fever? 2. PRIMIGRAVIDA (FIRST TIME MOTHER) — TWO DOSES  SPUTUM EXAM
Salmonella typhi 3. IMMUNITY CONFERED — LIFELONG ACTIVE  6 MONTHS
5. Diagnosis of typhoid — Widal test 4. TT3 AND TT4 HOW MANY YEARS INTERVAL — 1 YEAR  BLOODY STAINED
5. BABY WILL BE PROTECTED — 1 YEAR COVID 19  BCG AT BIRTH
CHOLERA COVID-19  Vaccine to prevent TB — BCG
1. causative agent — Bacteria 1. PRIORITY OF NURSE AS LEADER IN COVID19 FACILITY —  TUBERCULIN SKIN TEST + — EXPOSED TO TB MICROBES
2. Sign and symptom — Explosive watery diarrhea or rice watery stool IMPLEMENT HEALTH PROTOCOLS  TB DOTS DRUG CONTRAINDICATED TO PREGNANT —
3. Procedure test — Stool examination 2. HANDWASHING PREVENTION OF SPREAD OF DISEASES, STREPTOMYCIN
4. Prevention — handwashing BEFORE AND AFTER CONTACT
5. Priority — prevention of hydration 3. BEST WAY FOR COVID 19 PREVENTION — GET VACCINATED
4. COVID 19 FACILITY ISOLATION — 10 DAYS
HERBAL MEDS RESEARCH SDG target is by year 2030
 COUGH & COLDS: LAGUNDI  INDUCTIVE REASONING – QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Goal 1: No Poverty
 GUAVA LEAVES: WASHING WOUNDS  DEDUCTIVE REASONING – QUANTITATIVE Goal 2: Zero Hunger
 FUNGAL PARASITES: AKAPULKO  ACCURACY OF THEMES — DEPENDABILITY Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being (health related)
 ANTIHELMINTHIC: NIYOG NIYOGAN  INVOLVES SOCIAL PROCESSES – GROUNDED THEORY Goal 4: Quality Education
 ANTIUROLITHIASIS: SAMBONG  researchers to be neutral observers– QUANTITATIVE Goal 5: Gender Equality
 PROBABLITY SAMPLING REDUCE — BIAS Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation(sanitation centered)
IMMUNITY Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
 HEPA B IMMUNOGLOBULIN: Offers immediate protection COPAR Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
 TETANUS TOXOID INJECTION: Lifelong active artificial immunity  NURSE IN COPAR STAFF —EXPERT Goal 13: Climate Action
 BREASTFFEDING: NATURAL PASSIVE  END GOAL — SELF RELIANCE Goal 14: Life Below Water
 PROTEIN INVOLVED IN IMMUNE SYSTEM: GLOBULIN  PRE ENTRY PHASE — Development of a criteria for site selection Goal 15: Life on Land
 NATURAL PASSIVE IMMUNITY FROM MOTHER LAST: 6months  COPAR — PASSIVE TO ACTIVE COMMUNITY (ACTIVE Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
to 1 year PARTICIPATION) Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals

CLIMATE CHANGE NEPHROTIC SYNDROME  NOT A PRIORITY IN SDG : EDUCATION

 GAS, BURNING FOSSIL FUEL: CARBON DIOXIDE 1. passage of protein in the urine is the result of — increased glomerular
 Pimary cause of climate change: CO2 permeability
 NOT GREENHOUSE GAS: OXYGEN 2. OUTSTANDING manifestation — Edema RA 11223 : UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE LAW
 GREEN HOUSE EFFECT: ability of certain atmospheric gases to 3. Physical appearance of the urine of frothy  provision to every Filipino of the highest possible quality of health
trap heat and keep the planet relatively warm 4. Nephrotic syndrome ordered corticosteroids NOT ALLOWED —  All Filipinos are eligible to be member
 MITIGATE GLOBAL WARMING: PLANT TREES AND CONSERVE Relatives with upper respiratory tract infection.  SIGNED BY RODRIGO ROA DUTERTE
ENERGY 5. Corticosteroids COMMON side effects — Increase in body hair  KALUSUGAN PANGKALAHATAN\RA 11223 is the legal basis
 CALL FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION: SDG 13  KEY PLAYERS TO IMPLEMENT: DOH LGU AND PHILHEALTH
Primary Health Care and CHN  PAYMENT OF UHC OR FINANCIAL PROTECTION IS BY
RABIES — RA 9482  MDG5 target- reduction of maternal mortality by 80/100,000 live PHILHEALTH
 causative agent of rabies — VIRUS births (mdg5)  FRAMEWORK: FOURMULA ONE PLUS to boost UHC
 best strategy to control Incidence of Rabies — Responsible pet  2/3- reduction of child mortality rate (mdg4) (FOURmula 1+)
owner  Mdg 5- TARGET of three quarters reduction by 2015  UHC Three Strategic Thrusts
 BEST advice in case of dog bite — Wash thoroughly with running  Mdg 4 and 5 are the goals which are very specific to maternal 1. Financial risk protection through expansion in enrollment and
water and child health in the country benefit delivery of the National Health Insurance Program
 Owner of the dog in case of dog bite — Feed well and observe  11 mothers die everyday due to childbirth and delivery (NHIP);
 IMPORTANT Information about rabies – it can be prevented  SDG 3– focus is HEALTH (HEALTH Centered) 2. Improved access to quality hospitals and health care facilities;
 Transmission by — Saliva  SDG 6 – SANITATION centered and
 Vector — DOGS  Climate change action deadline for mitigation is 2030 3. Attainment of health-related Millennium Development Goals
 CO2 is the primary gas causing global warming (MDGs).
MALNUTRITION  Oxygen is NOT a green house gas.
 Under-nutrition common 2 to 4 yrs. Old  21% of oxygen is present in environment, it is tasteless, colorless Tuberculosis / PTB
 UNDER NUTRITION CRITERIA — low weight-for-age and odorless gas.  chronic disease that Causative Agent: Mycobacterium
 OLD MANS LOOK – MARASMUS  Not SDG focus of HEALTH— QUALITY EDUCATION Tubercles(acid fast BACTERIA)
 PROTEIN DEFICIENCY —EGG  Robert Koch- is the scientist who discovered of Mycobacterium
 Undernourished – Weight for height tuberculosis
 For physical and mental development – IODINE  Hemoptysis (blood in sputum) - late sign of PTB
 Primary Prevention for Tuberculosis - BCG vaccination
 Direct Sputum Smear Microscopy (DSSM) - Case finding tool
 Sputum smear and culture or DSSM –CONFIRMATORY test of TB
 Xpert test new blood test confirmatory of TB
 Tuberculin test/ Mantoux test- detects the presence of antibodies
 Results read after 48-72 hours
 Needs gauge 26 needle syringe (ID route bevel up)
 Positive if within duration of 10mm or more.  The minimum duration of treatment for culture-positive TB is 6  Pinworms/ enterobiasis .- causes perianal itchiness at night best
 Below 5 y/o and HIV + pt. - > or = 5mm is positive months way to diagnose this infection is through a tape test.
 Older than 5 y/o > or = to 10 mm is positive)  For the treatment of TB in pregnant women, the initial regimen  Capillariasis – ingestion of small fresh water fish
 Mantoux test- A positive reaction means that the client has been should be INH(Isoniazid), RIF(Rifampicn), and  Salmonellosis- ingestion of spoiled protein products (food poisoning)
exposed to TB EMB(ethambutol)(RIPE)for at least 9 months (BACTERIAL cause)
 DOTS- was declared in 1996  X-rays must be done at diagnosis and then every after 2 months of  Symptoms typically occur between 12 hours and 36 hours after
 proper way to collect sample: Inhale or deep breath then cough up treatment. exposure
3-5ml sputum  MOST common symptoms are diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps,
 Hemoptysis is CONTRAINDICATION of sputum collection Leprosy and vomiting.
 3x – collection of sputum for case finding  RA 4073- Liberization and Treatment of
 BCG – DO NOT GIVE to immunosuppressed baby- with  Hansen's disease - BACTERIA HEPATITIS
LEUKEMIA AND HIV  Multi-Drug-Therapy (MDT)  Hepatitis A , E or Infectious Hepatitis: oral-fecal route
 Chest x-ray - determines the presence and extent of disease  LEPROSY IS RESPIRATORY DROPLETS  Hepatitis B ,C,Dor Serum Hepatitis: blood-borne, Sex
 the primary diagnostic tool in TB case finding is DSSM  LEPROSY INCUBATION IS 3 TO 5 YEARS  HEPATITIS is NEVER an AIBORNE
 Direct Observed Treatment Short Course – comprehensive  CONFIRMATORY TEST IS SKIN BIOPSY OR SKIN SMEAR  Red tide poisoning- first aid Drinking pure coconut milk
strategy to detect and cure TB patients.  Primary drugs- rifampicin and dapsone - Other name : Paralytic shellfish poisoning
 DOTS (Direct Observed Treatment Short Course)  LEPROMATOUS TYPE is the most disfiguring type of LEPROS - Eating mollusks such as mussels, clams, oysters and scallops
 Category I - 6 months treatments  1 week of MDT patient will not be communicable already
 DOTS at the intensive phase for 2months of RIPE  Skin nodules are permanent even cured already Rabies/ Lysa
 maintenance: 4months of RI  Causative agent: RHABDO VIRUS
 Category II-treatment failure CHOLERA or EL TOR (BLUE DEATH)  Vectors: DOGS ,CATS AND BATS
-intensive: 2 months RIPES/1 month RIPE  Epidemic outbreak on August of 1854 Soho, of London  Reservoir/source: SALIVA
 Maintenance: 5 months RIE  John Snow- FATHER OF MODERN EPIDEMIOLOGY he trace the  Once clinical symptoms appear, rabies is virtually 100% fatal.
 Category III-new smear (-) PTB with minimal lesion on CXR source of a cholera outbreak in Soho, London, in 1854  In up to 99% of cases, DOMESTICATED DOGS are responsible for
 DOTS: 2months RIPE  Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection rabies virus
 maintenance: 4months RI  Incubation : 12 hours to 5 days  Rabies - hydrophobia, a morbid fear of water
 Category IV –chronic MDR pt.  Humans are the only relevant reservoir,  DOG BITE FIRST AID ACTION : WASH WITH SOAP AND
 Refer to specialized facility or DOTS Plus Center  VERY common in RAINY SEASON RUNNING WATER
 Refer to Provincial/City NTP Coordinator  Answer: Transmission to humans FECO ORAL occurs through  DO NOT APPLY GARLIC AND TANDOK
eating food (seafood oyster) or drinking contaminated water  National Rabies Prevention and Control Program (NRPCP) — the
 Rifampicin (R) - causes urine and tears discoloration  Mode of transmission: WATERBORNE and foodborne disease. goal of the NRPCP to eliminate rabies in the country and declare
 Isoniazid (H)- give Vit. B6 or pyridoxine to prevent peripheral  major symptom of Cholera?- Massive, rice-watery stool the Philippines rabies-free by the year 2020.
neuropathy  What is the treatment for Cholera?  Republic Act (R.A) No. 9482 or the “Anti-Rabies Act of 2007”
 Pyrazinamide (Z)- causes G.I upset. Answer:oral rehydration therapy  Executive Order No. 84: Declaring March as the Rabies Awareness
 Ethambutol (E)causes- optic neuritis-  What is the causative agent of Cholera? Month
-not given to children under 6 years or younger because they Answer:Vibrio Cholerae  Celebration of World Rabies Day - September 28 has been
cannot reliably monitor vision – declared as World Rabies Day.
 Streptomycin (S) causes- tinnitus and auditory impairment/ BUBONIC PLAQUE – BLACK DEATH  Dog Vaccination — is the most effective measure to control canine
OTOTOXICITY.  Vector: oriental rat FLEA rabies.
 RESERVOIR: ORIENTAL RATS  The Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Animal Industry takes
FDC – Fixed Dose Combination  What is another name for the Black Death?- the Bubonic Plague the lead in mass dog vaccination campaigns and provision of
 4 FDC or 4 drugs combined in a blister pack – R.I.P.E animal rabies vaccine.
 3 FDC or 3 drugs combined in a blister packs – R.I.P Helminths or PARASITES -  RESPONSIBLE PET OWNERSHIP — The public is advised to
 2 FDC or 2 drugs combined i a blister packs – I.E or the new drug  Helminths - most common is ascariasis , hookworm ,trichuris bring their pet dogs for anti-rabies vaccination when they reach 3
R.I. (whipworm) months of age and yearly thereafter
 Streptomycin – only TB drug in Vial **** EXCEPT = Taeniasis  Feed them well and groom them well
- causes hearing loss and damage to cranial nerve 8  Beef tapeworm - Taeniasaginata- ingestion of undercooked beef  Category 1
- contraindicated in pregnancy  Ancylostomiasis/Hookworm – causes anemia - penetration of skin -  Licking of intact skin
 DOTS therapy is recommended for the treatment of ACTIVE TB walking barefooted  CATEGORY II
  Abrasion, laceration, punctured wound on the lower IMMUNIZATION:  ORESOL is administered EVERY 4 HOURSPLAN C in
extremities  First dose of measles 9 months dehydration treatment -- insertion of IVF
 Earliest dose of measles in case of outbreak is 6months  IVF – for severe dehydration
 CATEGORY III  VACCINES AT BIRTH BCG AND HEPA B  COURTESY CALL is done in -- PRE ENTRY PHASE of COPAR
 Abrasion, laceration on upper extremities, head and neck.  Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) – start to be given at 6  HYDROCEPHALUS and mental retardation is a form of HEALTH
weeks, protect the baby AGAINST PNEUMONIA DEFICIT –
Varicella (Chicken Pox) Varicella Virus  9 months give Measles  POSTPARTUM BLUES- common normal 2-3 days postpartum,
 Typical sign : RASH  12 months MMR  Oxytocin- uterine contraction, given after 3rd stage of labor
 Communicable 1 DAY BEFORE ERUPTION OF VESICLES to 6  Rotavirus Vaccine – 2 doses anti-diarrhea  CATEGORY1 - NO RESTRICTION....NO CONDITION WHICH
days after first crop of vesicles have formed  IPV – IM CONTRADICTS THE USE OF THE METHOD...
 Antiviral treatment: ACYCLOVIR(ZOVIRAX)  IPV- JONAS SALK  CATEGORY 4--- Method not to be used- A condition which
 OPV- live virus- by Albert SABIN represents an unacceptable health risk if the contraceptive method
 Fifth’s Disease  PCV VACCINE – IM is used ( may sakit)
- “slapped face appearance”  Measles route – SQ  DEPO PROVERA – 3 months injectables, assess weight gain
 Measles insertion 40-50 degree  Feso4- 1 gram per singleton pregnancy- start at 5 months to 2
Rubeola (measles) VIRUS  Vitamin A every 6 months from the age of 6 months. months postpartum
 Communicable 3 -4 DAYS just before the rash appears  Mebendazole every 6months from the age of 1 year.  SITE OF BBT – AXILLARY
 Koplik spots—bluish-gray specks or “grains of sand” on a red  Hand washing/ hand hygiene – 30 seconds
base—develop on the buccal mucosa Bullets drug Treatments:  Scurvy – Vit C deficiency
 Koplik spots at BUCCAL MUCOSA  Cholera- first line antibiotic: tetracycline  SCURVY IS LACK OF EATING FRUITS
 Measles vaccine first dose is 9 months giving 85%protection  Cholera second line- Cotrimoxazole  IODINE CAN CAYSE GROWTH RETARDATION IN CHILDREN
 MMR give at 12 to 15 months  Tetracycline: causes permanent green TEETH STAINING of baby KNOWN AS CRETINISM
 Serious complication is PANENCEPHALITIS if used by pregnancy  DPT interval. – 4 weeks
 MOST COMMON complication is : PNEUMONIA  Pneumonia, Acute ear infection, Mastoiditis  Post Partumhomevisit – home delivery is within 24 hours…..
 Drug: Amoxicillin – 1st line hospital delivery- within 1st week or between 3-5 days after delivery
Mumps - PAROTITIS VIRUS  Cotrimoxazole – 2nd line  vitamin A,deficiency –Xeropthalmia and bitots spot
 Transmitted by direct contact of saliva and respiratory droplet  BP cuf fNOT INCLUDED inside PHN/ OB bag
 Communicable immediately before swelling begins  in IMCI standard for fever is > 38.5oC or hot to touch - give  RA 7160 LGU – DEVOLUTION CODE
 STERILITY is complication to ADULT MALE Paracetamol every 4-5 hours- analgesic and antipyretic  Vibrio cholera or El tor – common in rainy season
 LEPROSY MDT OR COMBINED DRUG ARE DAPSONE AND  VIT. A IU POSTPARTUM mother – 200,000 IU..
Rubella(German measles) VIRUS RIFAMPICIN  Sabin – OPV – live attenuated virus
 Census is for gathering data in mass population or groups giving  Defrost freezer if ice build up of refrigerator is 2-3 cmor 1inch or
 Communicable 7 days before to 5 days after rash the BIGGEST BULK OF DATA more
**Pregnant people must avoid infected child=fetal death, fetal  COPARstands for - Community Organizing Participatory Action  BCG – 0.05 (.05ml) – ID
deafness, or congenital heart defects Research  TB - SCC means SHORT COURSE CHEMOTHERAPY
 BAWANG – Cholesterol and hypertension  Einc protocol- 1st 30 second action : Drying thoroughly
Pertussis (whooping cough) BACTERIA  LAGUNDI – cough , colds fever, and dysentery  Cretinism – iodine deficiency
 NIYOG NIYOGAN – traditional medicine act as ANTIHELMINTHIC,  Measles – infectious before rashes appear – 4th day
to expel worms and parasites  TT1 protection–“NO “protection
Diptheria BACTERIA
 BAYABAS is for WOUND WASHING  6000 TOTAL POPULATION TARGET FOR EPI – 180
 corynebacterium diphtheria- “pseudomembrane” Blindness – Vit. A
 ANTISEPTIC HERBAL MED IS GUAVA OR BAYABAS 
 Priority: AIRWAY Ampalaya– DM type 2
 LEVEL 2 WATER FACILITY – STAND POST and communal faucet 
 URBAN WATER TYPE IS – WATERWORKS SYSTEM  Endometrial cancers/s – unusual discharges or vaginal bleeding
ZIKA VIRUS KOPLIK SPOTS– measles or rubeola
 HBMR – home based mothers record 
a virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.  HBMR – is a tool used to render prenatal care consisting the risk  Unang yakap- 1st 30 seconds dry the baby
 Causes microcephaly baby in pregnancy factors and danger signs of pregnancy  BMI- Obese- ≥30.00
 PANEL 2 of HBMR – contains the risk factor and danger signs of  Cheesy discharges and pruritus itchy vulva – candidiasis,
pregnancy moniliasis
 OPV-- SABIN VACCINE  Cauliflower cells– condylomata– HPV
 Clue cells – BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS
 STRAWBERRY CERVIX– TRICHOMINASIS is protozoa or flagella  Benedict's and acid test – performed in community to pregnant  Sustenance and Strengthening Phase
 Foul fishy discharges – bacterial vaginosis mothers in home visit to test glycosuria and proteinuria - Formulation of by-laws
 FROTHY DISCHARGES – TRICHOMONIASIS  Roll over test- SIMS OR SIDELYING -Identification and development of “ secondary” leaders
 PID – CAUSED BY CHLAMYDIA  Severe abdominal pain - 90 degree angle or Fowler's -Seting up of a financing scheme
 Hiv – attacks CD4 cells  Feeding in bed - 90 degree or fowlers
 HIV/AIDS .– attacks IMMUNE SYTEM  2nd degree burn - painful and blister  Vital statistics study of vital events like births, death, marriage
 VIT.D deficiency- RICKETS  Syphilis bacteria is in the painless ulcers or sores divorce and diseases.
 Family Planning – PD 965– signed JULY 20 1976  Vit A- squash, papaya, yellow camote, yellow corn, banana  Vital records are in Local civil registrar office
 RH bill – 10354  Cretinism or mental retardation / Iodine  Vital statistic records are birth certificate, death certificate, marriage
 IUD –REVERSESSIBLE LONG TERM  TB - intensive phase is 2 months certificate
 IUD is placed in upper uterus  COPAR - courtesy call at pre entry, (immersion or integration at  Rates- relationship between a vital event and those persons
 BTL is cutting of FALLOPIAN TUBE ENTRY phase) exposed to event
 VASECTOMY IS TYING AND CUTTING OF VAS DEFERENS  IFR* individual funding request.  Ratio- relationship between two (2) numerical quantities
 T cu 380 – 10 YEARS PROTECTION  *IMCI/ danger signs –  Infant Mortality Rate- good index of the general HEALTH
 COLD CHAIN – a system that maintains potency of vaccine  Convusion CONDITION OF A COMMUNITY
 PTB – Koch disease  Unable to drink or breastfed  Swaroops index- index of longevity it is the proportion of deaths of
 BREASTFEEDING – the 3 E (Early, Exclusive, Extended)  Vomits everything people aged 50 years and up.
 Aqua priviesis level 1  Abnormally sleepy or difficult to awaken  3 CRITERIA FOR LAM use:
 Breast self exam is a secondary level of prevention  Stridor/chest indrawing - severe pneumonia 1. Amenorrhea
 Iron must be given with vit. C  Fast breathing and classify pneumonia if 2. Fully or nearly fully breast feeding her infant
 Calcium absorption is with vit D  0-2 mos= more than 60cpm 3. BF on demand basis (evey 2-4 hrs during the day, 4-6 hrs at night
 IRON is in chicken liver and MONGO , camote tops and kangkong  2-12 mos = more than 50 4. Infant is less than 6 mos
 brown vials of vaccinesprotects against sunlight to MAINTAIN  12-5 years old = 40
POTENCY  Pneumonia first line antibiotics - AMOXICILLIN  Gonorrhea
 Breastmilk stool-mashy,golden yellow – sweet sour smell- 3 – 4x a  Botulism – caused by food poisoning in canned goods 1. Male:purulent yellow penile discharge
day  Measles- 3 C- cough, coryza or runny nose, conjunctivitis and 2. Females: - Greenish vaginal discharge
 Lactalbumin- breastmilk easily digestible protein maculopapular rashes
 Content of colostrum - antibody IgA (immunoglubolin antibody A)  Koplik spots also in buccal mucusa  Genital Human Papillomaviru
 Tetanus neonaturum- cord care management - ALCOHOL AND  measles - Airborne transmission -  HPV
HAND HYGIENE OR HANDWASHING  PRENATAL VISIT- 8 VISITS  Condylomata- cauliflower-like warts
 HAND HYGIENE- to break chain of infection  36 weeks to term is everyweek  Acetic acid (vinegar) swabbing (will whiten lesion)
 Dosages of immunization- DptOpv ,Hep.b- 3 doses  BSE- 7 DAYS AFTER MENSTRUATION  Condylomata accuminata
 Vaccines must be exposed only in room temperature up to 3 x  (COPAR) - Community Organizing Participatory Action Research
 3rd exposure – discard vaccine  Pre-entry /Preparatory Phase  Hepatitis B
 FEFO- First expiry first out  Profiling of community  Spread through infected blood and bodily fluids such as
 Cold chain by district level – 3 months  Ocular survey/ Site selection semen
 Half life packs shelve of measles- 6 hours  PAy courtesy call to community leaders.
 Half life packs shelve of DPT, OPV, BCG- 4 -6 hours  Entry Phase  HIV – AIDS
 Half life packs shelve of TT, heap b- 8 hours – discard if not used  Integration with the community  Retrovirus (HIV1 & HIV2)
up within the end of your shift - Self Awareness Leadership T raining  Attacks and kills CD4+ lymphocytes (T-helper)
 Dosages- 0.5 ml IM( DPT,HEP. Penta, PCV) - Organization phase  major transmission - Sexual intercourse (anal and vaginal)
 0.5 ml SQ(Measles) - core group formation  Homosexual or bisexual – most highest cases
 0.05 ml ID(BCG) - social preparation
 2 DROPS ORAL ( ROTA & OPV) - potting & developing potential leaders  Exposure to contaminated blood, semen, breast milk
 4 months or a 16 months baby completed the doses of 1 bcg dpt1-3 - community diagnosisAction Phase  Needlestick injuries
opv1-3 hepb1-3  Sexual contact with HIV+
 Crude birthrate- TOTAL LIVEBIRTHS ÷TOTAL POPULATION x  Organization and training of (BHWs)  Intravenous drug users
1000  Project Implementation
 Crude death rate - Total deaths ÷total population x1000  Setting up of linkages/ network/ referral systems
 Weakest link in chain of infection- mode of transmission
 HIV test:  Use of Appropriate Technology Expanded Program for Immunization (EPI)
 ELISA– Enzyme Link Immunosorbent Assay ( first test
conducted) Support mechanism made available by Department of Health (DOH)  Wednesday - immunization day
 Western Blot - confirmatory test  Primary level- locally trained  FULLY IMMUNIZED CHILD
 HIV+ if:  Villagers/Grassroots workers  measles vaccines to complete FIC
 2 consecutive positive ELISA and  BHW - frontline worker in community
 1 positive Western Blot Test  Traditional birth attendants – traditional Hilots- traditionally  Bacillus Calmette-Guérin - Birth or anytime after birth
acceptable to deliver pregnancy in community  Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus Vaccine
 AIDS is defined as - CD4 count less than 200/ml  Arbularyo or healers – uses herbs for treatment of illnesses  6 weeks(DPT 1)
 Secondary- Intermediate workers 10 weeks (DPT 2)
PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE Public Health Nurse – supervisor 14 weeks (DPT 3)
 Cause by CHLAMYDIA – primary agent  Midwives – frontline workerin RHU level
 Gonorrhea is also secondary agent  Health deficits-TB, DM, hydrocephalus, polio,leprosy  OPV- Number of doses per vial/amp: 20
 MOST COMMON AFFECTED– OVIDUCTS or Fallopian tube  Health Threats– lack of immunization, no or lack prenatals  HEPA B , Measles & BCG Number of doses per vial/amp: 10
 Can cause ectopic pregnancies, infertility and abscesses in the  Foreseeable crisis– Abortion - Divorce or separation Marriage -  Hepatitis B Vaccine - At birth – RNA RECUMBINANT, PLASMA
pelvis. Can be life threatening - very serious. Entrance at school –newborn - Death of a family member  Upper outer portion of the thigh, VastusLateralis (R-L-R)
 Warm compress for soreness- Brings more blood to the area where
Candidacies Malaria it is applied.
 Warm - Reduces joint stiffness and muscle spasm, which makes it
 Yeast infection  Causative Agent: - PLASMODIUM (PROTOZOA) useful when muscles are tight.
 With white cheesy patches (moniliasis)(CBQ)  P. Falciparum (most fatal)  Cold compress for pain relief and swelling
 Oral trush in the newborn (CBQ)  Vector:Anopheles female mosquito  85% of measles can be prevented by immunization at 9 MOS.
 Medications: Nystatin  Signs & Symptoms:  VVM or Vaccine vial monitor - a thermochromic label put on vials
 Chills to convulsion, which gives a visual indication of vaccine potency
Trichomoniasis  Elevated temperature
 Strawberry cervix  Treatment:chloroquine  “Eligible population”
 FROTHY, foul-smelling ("fishy" smell) vaginal discharge - group of people targeted for specific immunizations susceptible to
 Trichomonavaginalis, single cell protozoan Schistosomiasis EPI diseases.”
 S/sx: Females: Yellow gray frothy discharge  Causative Agent: Schistosomajaponicum  PENTA – 6 WEEKS – IM
 Dx: elevated vaginal pH 5.5+ ( alkaline  Snail : oncomelaniaquadrasi  MMR- 12 MOS-SQ
Mgmt: Metronidazole (Flagyl);  Signs & Symptoms: Bulging abdomen, Abdominal pain, Loose  Fe supplementation: 60 mg with 400 mcg of Folic Acid once a day
bowel movement(black tarry), Low grade fever, Seizure  3 C of Home delivery
Bacterial vaginosis  Preventive measures CLEAN Hands
 Proper excreta disposal CLEAN Surface
 foul, fishy smelling, thin gray vaginaldischarge  Agricultural & vegetation improvement CLEAN Cord
}presence of CLUE CELLS (CBQ)  Let water stand 2-3 days before usage  Vitamin A Supplement to Infants, Preschoolers (6mos – 7 yeas and
 Mollucides use Mothers
PHC  Educate in Hand hygiene  Pregnant women - 10, 000 IU 2x a week starting on the 4th month
 LOI 949 - legal basis of PHC  Rubber boots use of pregnancy
 Goal of PHC: Health in the Hands of the People by the Year 2020  Treatment: Praziquantel (drug of choice)  Do not give vit. A supplementation before the 4th month of
 Mission of PHC: SELF RELIANCE pregnancy. It might congenital problems in the baby.
 PHC- is universal and it extends even to people in the hospital,  Postpartum women -200, 000 IU - 1 cap; 1 dose only within 4
both sick and well. weeks after delivery
-Accessible – not more than 5 km to travel  Vitamin A Deficiency (CBQ) - XEropthalmia – night blindness
-Available  Water Supply
-Affordable  Level 1 (Point Source) - protected well or developed spring
-Acceptable  Level II - With a source, reservoir, piped distribution network and
 Four Cornerstones/Pillarsin Primary Health Care communal faucets or stand post
 Active Community Participation
 Multisectoral - Intra and Inter-sectoral Linkages
 Level III - Individual House Connections or Waterworks System -  DENGUE DIAGNOSIS: Level Of Disease Prevention
With a source, reservoir, piped distributor network and household - Tourniquet test (capillary fragility test or Rumpel Leads Test), a  PRIMARY – health promotion and disease prevention
taps presumptive test which is positive in the presence of more than 20  Health education
 Toilet or sewerage petechiae within an inch square, after 5 minutes of test  Immunization: Method of health promotion
 Level I - pit latrines , pour flush toilet & aqua privies  Chemoprophylaxis: Intake of drugs Ex. Vit C to avoid URTI
 Level II- with septic vault/tank disposal - WATER-SEALED AND  TOURNIQUET TEST - (BP Cuff):  Reproduction & Sexual Health
FLUSH TYPE  fluids (most important treatment) like oresol and IV  Responsible Parenthood
 Level III - connected to septic tanks and/or to sewerage system to  paracetamol ( do not give aspirin)  Through Environmental Control
treatment plant. Ideal to URBAN places  for nose bleeding or EPISTAXIS, flex the neck lean forward  Safe Water Supply
to prevent aspiration  Food Sanitation/ Good Food
 Epidemiology - the study of disease occurrence and distribution  avoid unnecessary movement  Hygiene
 Infection- entry and development or multiplication of an infectious  assist in the management of shock. Dorsal recumbent to  Environmental sanitation
agent in the body of man or animals. TRENDELENBURG POSITION
 Secondary Level Of Disease Prevention
4 types of disease distribution FHSIS/Record & Report:  Early diagnosis & prompt intervention
1. EPIDEMIC- “The unusual occurrence in a community of disease- Components:  Screening Methods
sudden outbreak of a disease in a short period of time 1. Family tx record = Daily  Mass Screening:
2. Endemic- constant presence of a disease or infectious agent within 2. Target Client list = weekly  Case Finding:
a given geographic area or population group like malaria 3. Reporting forms = monthly  Contact Tracing and Surveillance
3. Pandemic- worlwide distribution….geographic area such as a 4. Output reports = quarterly; annually  crisis interventions
section of a nation, the entire nation, a continent or the world  Family tx record - fundamental building block; foundation of FHSIS
4. Sporadic- “scattered about”. The cases occur irregularly, The cases  Target client list - 2nd building block  Tertiary Prevention-
are few and separated widely in time and place intermittent cases  Rehabilitation
like rabies CHN  Use of assistive devices, therapies
5. On and off scattered cases –habitual occurrence
 Primary focus of CHN is Health Promotion & Disease Prevention
 Nosocomial (hospital acquired) - urinary tract infections are the  Primary goal - self reliance Leading New Cancer Cases
most common.  Ultimate goal - raise level of health of citizenry  lung cancer most common cancer in MEN
 CARRIERS- “an infected person or animal that harbors a specific  Philosophy of CHN- Worth and dignity of man - by the nature of her  breast cancer - most common in Females
infectious agent in the absence of discernible (visible) clinical work has the opportunity & responsibility for evaluating the health  Smoking is the most important factor.
disease and serves as a potential source of infection to others status of people & groups & relating them to practice.  In 2015 BREAST cancers ranks 1 in both sexes
 The patient in CHN - COMMUNITY
Leptospirosis – Vector is Rat  The unit of care - family  Ebola: Mapping the outbreak
 Causative Agent: - BACTERIA Leptospirainterrogans From the section of WEST Africa
 Sign/Symptoms: High fever, Chills, Vomiting, Red/ orange eyes, ROLES OF THE PHN FRUIT BATS- Primary source
Diarrhea, Severe headache, muscle aches, may include jaundice  Clinician- taking care of the sick people at home or in the RHU. Other sources:
(yellow skin and eyes), abdominal pain  Health educator- dissemination of correct info; educating people  Chimpanzees
 Treatment: PET - Penicillins G,Erythromycin, Tetracycline,  Facilitator, who establishes multi-sectorallinkages by referral  Gorillas
 Doxycycline as prophylactic drug system  fruit bats
 Supervisor- monitors & supervises the performance of midwives  monkeys
Dengue - mosquito-borne infection  Census (100%): Most ideal, enumerates of data  antelope
 Vector is female aedesaegypti mosquito, day biting, low flying,  porcupines
STAGNANT CLEAR WATER,stripes black white body.  symptomatic humans
 Agent is a Virus..dengue virus 1,2,3,4  Ebola largest outbreak in West Africa

 Treatment is supportive therapy.

 Intravenous fluids is best treatment
 A platelet transfusion is required if Platelets are below 20,000
 Diphtheria- bacteria 7. Make appointment for a return visit. NEWBORN CORD CARE
 throat infection causes a gray to black, tough, fiber-like covering  keep skin clean and dry, no tub baths, wash around area with water,
 Shick test for Susceptibility or immunity test to diphtheria  BAG TECHNIQUE is a tool by which the nurse, during her visit will ALWAYS AIR DRY
 Moloney test – for sensitivity of diptheria enable her to perform a nursing procedure with ease and
deftness,PUBLIC HEALTH BAG is an essential and indispensable THE CORD
Tetanus equipment of a public health nurse which she has to carry along  monitor for bleeding, redness, drainage, foul odor
 caused Clostridium tetani BACTERIA during her home visits.  fold diapers below cord stump
 present with trismus (“lockjaw”)  Principles  keep cord clean and dry ~~> soap and water ONLY WHEN
 give TETANUS TOXOID TO PREVENT Clostridium INFECTION - will minimize, if not, prevent the spread of any infection.- MOST SOILED
important central feature  assess cord for odor, swelling, or discharge
Listeriosis - It saves time and effort  the newborn is washed via a sponge bath until the cord falls off
 BACTERIA Listeria monocytogenes. -performed in a variety of ways  The cord will fall off at about 2-weeks of age (7-10 DAYS).
 primarily affects pregnant women, newborns, Foods associated  Allow the client/family to watch the NURSES perform cord care
with listeria?  BP apparatus and stethoscope are carried separately - never correctly, and ask them to repeat for return demonstration.
 Non-pasteurized milk & milk products (soft cheeses, ice cream), hot placed in the bag.  RETURN DEMONSTRATION – THE BEST EVALUATION
dogs, deli meats, caramel apples  Use paper lining to protect bag from contamination TECHNIQUE FOR TEACHING
 Last item to place in bag is paper lining
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
 CAMEL FLU or SARS of MIDDLE EAST 4 C Points to consider Color coded trash bins
 VIRAL  COMPLETE- contain all the necessary articles  Black - Non-infectious dry waste like paper products
 Saudi Arabia in 2012. -1st case - april 2012  CLEAN - contents should be cleaned very often  Green - Non-infectious wet waste (left over meals or rotten fruits
 CAMELS - major reservoir host  CONTENT protection- and vegetables etc.)
 Transmission- human-to-human contact *Consider the bag and its contents clean and sterile, while articles that  Yellow -- Infectious and Pathological waste like mask, gloves,
 Highest Risk : IMMUNOSUPRESSION (CANCER) belong to the patients as dirty and contaminated. diapers, surgical specimens, cord and placenta
 CONVENIENT- arrangement of the contents of the bag should be  Yellow with black band ---Chemical waste including those w/ heavy
HOME VISIT the one most convenient to the user metals
- is a family-nurse contact which allows the health worker to assess the  Orange--- Radioactive waste
home and family situations in order to provide the necessary nursing care Initial step in bag technique :Upon arrival at the patient’s home, place the  Red---- Sharps and pressurized containers like syringes and
and health related activities. bag on the table lined with a clean paper. needles
Purposes
1. To give care to the sick, BULLETS
2. To assess the living condition  Spacing of pregnancy - 3-5 years
3. To give health teachings  MEBENDAZOLE AND ALBE DAZOLE FOR DEWORMING
4. To establish close relationship  ASCARIASIS is ROUNDWORM PASSAGE
5. To make use of the inter-referral system  DEWORMING is every 6 months 2x in a year.
 Vit.D for calcium absorption prevents RICKETS in children and
Principles osteomalasia in adult- sources dairy products ,cod liver oil, fish,
1. A home visit must have a purpose or objective. milk, cheese , anchovies, salmon, sardines
2. Planning and delivery of care should involve the individual and family.  VIT C prevents SCURVY
3. The plan should be FLEXIBLE.  Solutions like alcohol must be must be placed in the BACK of the
Steps Public health Bag
1. Greet the patient and introduce yourself.  Vitamin A for pregnant– 10,00 IU 2x a week starts a 4 months
2. State the purpose of the visit (Question after Greeting the patient and  Vitamin A for Children 6 months to 11 months 100,00 IU dose
introducing yourself what is your next action? = State the purpose of the every 6 months
visit)  Vitamin A for Children 12 months and above – 200,00 IU dose
3. Assess or Observe the patient and determine the health needs. every 6 months
4. Put the bag in a convenient place and then proceed to perform the bag  Vitamin capsule colors: RED
technique.  Vitamin A treatment of Xeropthalmia and Measles
5. Perform the nursing care needed and give health teachings.  VIT. A - carrots and sweet potatoes
6. Record all important date, observation and care rendered.