THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN tanzania COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18

TANZANIA
SUMMARY
Tanzania is a democratic unitary republic with both a national government and a
devolved government of Zanzibar which has autonomy for non-union matters. There
is local government in both Tanzania and Zanzibar. Article 145 of the constitution
gives recognition to local government and is supported by the Local Government
(District Authorities) Act 1982 and the Local Government (Urban Authorities) Act
1982. The Ministry for Regional Administration and Local Government is responsible
for local government in mainland Tanzania and currently sits within the Prime
Minister’s Office. On the mainland, there are three types of urban authority: city,
municipal and town councils. In rural areas there are two levels of authority; the
district councils alongside the township authorities, and the village council. On
Zanzibar, urban authorities are either town councils or municipalities, while all
rural authorities are district councils. In mainland Tanzania there are 25 regions,
40 urban councils and 132 rural district councils, whilst on Zanzibar there are five
regions, four urban authorities and seven rural district councils. Following the 2015
local elections 34% of councillors were women. Local government authorities
(LGAs) have the power to levy taxes, fees and charges; however the majority of local
authority revenue comes in the form of sector-specific conditional transfers from
national government. LGAs exist for the purpose of consolidating local services and
empowering citizens to participate in social and economic development. Local
authorities are mandated to: maintain law, order and good governance; promote
the economic and social welfare of the people in their jurisdiction; and ensure
effective and equitable delivery of quality services to the people.

1. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT and members of the cabinet from

Tanzania is a democratic unitary among the members of the House
KEY FACTS
republic with three spheres of of Representatives.
governments: central, Zanzibar
POPULATION (2017 estimate): devolved administration and local 2. LEGAL BASIS FOR
51,557,365 government.44.1a Mainland Tanzania LOCAL GOVERNMENT
AREA (UN 2006): has a unicameral national assembly:
2.1 Constitutional provisions
945,087 sq km the Bunge, comprising 357 members;
The constitution of the United Republic
of which 239 members are elected
CAPITAL: of Tanzania gives recognition to the
from constituencies; 102 special seats
Dodoma establishment of local government
reserved for women members; five
institutions throughout the country.45.2a
members elected by the Zanzibar
CURRENCY: Article 145 of the constitution stipulates
House of Representatives; ten members
Tanzanian shilling (TZS) that parliament will enact a law
appointed by the president; and the
elaborating the procedure for establishing
HEAD OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT: attorney general (ex-officio). Zanzibar
LGAs as well as spelling out their
President John Magufuli has autonomy for non-union matters,
functions, responsibilities and powers.
has a unicameral assembly known as
FORM OF GOVERNMENT: the House of Representatives with 82
democratic republic members, of which 50 are elected 2.2 Main legislative texts
PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM: directly from constituencies; 20 are The Local Government (District
unicameral reserved for women; ten are nominated Authorities) Act 198245.2b and the Local
by the president of Zanzibar, and Government (Urban Authorities) Act
STATE STRUCTURE: two are seats for the speaker, and the 198245.2c provide for the establishment of
unitary attorney general (ex officio). Following rural and urban LGAs as district township
the 2015 national election, 35.4% authorities (villages that are assuming an
LANGUAGES:
of elected Bunde members were urban character) and village authorities.
Swahili (official), English
women.44.1b The president is both head The Acts were amended in 1999 by the
NATIONAL ELECTIONS: of state and head of government and Local Government Laws (Miscellaneous
last: October 2015, turnout: na; next: is directly elected by popular vote after Amendments) Act (No. 9) 1999. Other
2020 securing a majority, and may serve for important legislation includes the Local
a maximum of two five-year terms. If Government Finances Act 1982; the
WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT (2015): from the mainland, the vice-president Urban Authorities (Rating) Act 1983; the
35.4% must come from Zanzibar, and vice Local Authorities Elections Act 1979 and
LOCAL ELECTIONS: versa. The president appoints the prime the Regional Administration Act 1997.
last: October 2015, turnout: na; next: 2019 minister as the leader in the Bunge and The Local Government Services Act (No.
they must be appointed from among 10 of 1982) as amended by Act No. 6 of
WOMEN COUNCILLORS (2015): the constituency-based MPs and the 1999, to provide for decentralised
34% majority political party. The president human resource management, was
of Zanzibar is a cabinet member. The repealed by the Public Services Act
LOCAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE
president of Zanzibar is also directly (No. 8) 2002.In Zanzibar, the main
as a percentage of total government
elected and is the head of government legislation is the Zanzibar Municipal
expenditure 2013/14:
for internal Zanzibar matters. The Councils Act 1995 and the District and
na
president appoints the chief minister Town Councils Act 1995.

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 COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18 THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN tanzania

Table 45.1a Distribution of councils and population

Urban local government Rural local government Population Population
Region (mkoa) (2012 (2017 % rural
Districts Urban Wards Mtaa Rural Shehias Vitongoji Census) estimate) (2012)
councils councils (villages) (hamlets)

Arusha 6 1 19 na 6 104 na 1,694,310 1,943,196 37.3

Dar es Salaam 3 5 90 na 0 0 na 4,364,541 5,871,557 100.0

Dodoma 7 1 37 na 6 152 na 2,083,588 2.312,141 16.2

Geita 5 1 35 na 5 63 na 1,739,530 1,173,667 19.3

Iringa 3 2 19 na 3 74 na 941,238 996,105 27.7

Kagera 7 1 14 na 7 167 na 2,458,023 2,879,231 10.6

Kigoma 5 2 28 na 6 83 na 2,127,930 2,399,121 19.2

Katavi 3 1 9 na 2 33 na 564,604 663,685 30.8

Kilimanjaro 6 1 21 na 6 132 na 1,640,087 1,790,113 25.4

Lindi 5 1 18 na 5 118 na 864,652 905,947 19.6

Manyara 5 1 8 na 5 114 na 1,425,131 1,670,191 15.9

Mara 6 1 13 na 6 141 na 1,743,830 1,972,173 19.6

Mbeya 8 2 37 na 8 181 na 2,707,410 1,929,359 33.8

Morogoro 6 1 19 na 6 135 na 2,218,492 2,495,462 30.2

Mtwara 5 2 27 na 5 122 na 1,270,854 1,351,038 22.7

Mwanza 7 2 21 na 5 133 na 2,772,509 3,217,328 38.9

Njombe 4 2 21 na 4 75 na 702,097 730,555 23.8

Pwani 6 1 11 na 6 100 na 1,098,668 1,224,120 33.3

Rukwa 3 1 15 na 3 49 na 1,004,539 1,179,149 24.9

Ruvuma 5 1 21 na 5 119 na 1,376,891 1,530,955 25.7

Shinyanga 3 2 37 na 3 81 na 1,534,808 1,701,220 21.9

Simiyu 5 1 25 na 4 86 na 1,584,157 1,736,839 9.8

Singida 5 1 16 na 5 108 na 1,370,637 1,539,286 14.5

Songwe 5 1 16 na 5 108 na 998,862 1,173,667 na

Tabora 7 1 25 na 6 141 na 2,291,623 2,291,623 16.8

Tanga 8 3 44 na 9 171 na 2,045,205 2,286,528 22.2

Total mainland 25 138 40 630 3,939 133 2,682 64,691 43,625,354 50,045,131 32.9

Kaskazini Unguja 2 ** na – **65 na 187,455 219,980 8.7

Kusini Unguja 2 *1 ** na – **61 na 115,588 127,744 6.7

Mjini Magharibi 2 ** na – **84 na 593,678 732,408 82.9

Kaskazini Pemba 2 *3 ** na – **59 na 211,732 225,952 18.2

Kusini Pemba 2 ** na – **62 na 195,116 206,148 19.7

Total Zanzibar 5 10 4 95 na – 236 na 1,303,569 1,512,242 45.0

Total Tanzania 30 148 44 725 >3,939 133 2,918 >64,691 44,928,923 51.557,365 33.2

Source: 2012 Census45.3a

*There is one urban council covering all of Unguja, and three covering the whole of Pemba **The number of shehias in Zanzibar includes urban wards

2.3 Proposed legislative changes Municipal Councils Act 1995 and 2.4 National urban policy
The Zanzibar Local Government the District and Town Councils Act In 2000 Tanzania’s National Human
Authority Act of 2014 bill45.2d was 1995. On the Tanzania mainland, no Settlements Development Policy45.2e was
put forward in Oct 2014 to the current legislative changes are proposed. adopted, which guides the government’s
Assembly to replace the Zanzibar approach to the rapid urbanisation
occurring across the country.

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 THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN tanzania COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18

3. STRUCTURE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT all village chairpersons within the ward 4.2 Voting system
3.1 Local government within the state and all village executive officers (VEOs). In order to contest leadership a potential
The 30 regions and 148 districts are The WDC coordinates development candidate must be a member of,
administrative entities which are plans and social service plans, supervises and sponsored by, a political party. To
charged with maintaining law and order. project implementation and service be eligible, the candidate must be a
delivery activities, and is an intermediary Tanzanian citizen, at least 21 years of age,
for discussing initiatives arising from the and able to read and write in Kiswahili
3.2 Ministerial oversight sub-ward levels and development plans and/or English. Voting is a right granted
The Ministry for Regional Administration from the higher tier local authorities. to all persons of 18 years and above.
and Local Government45.3b (MRALG) is
responsible for local government in 3.3.2 Mainland Tanzania (rural councils): 4.3 Elected representatives
mainland Tanzania and works within the
District councils coordinate the activities On mainland Tanzania, chairpersons
Prime Minister’s Office. The main role of
of the township authorities and village and mayors are appointed by the
the minister and their department is to
councils, which are accountable to elected members of their respective
formulate broad national policies and
the district for all revenues received authorities. Village councils are elected
to monitor local authorities to ensure
for day-to-day administration. The by the village assembly, which includes
that these policies are integrated into
village and township councils also all adults over the age of 18. The urban
locally developed programmes. The
have responsibility for formulating and district councils comprise members
department works in collaboration
plans for their areas, and in most elected from each ward, the MPs
with sector ministries, which also
cases for securing district approval. representing the constituency within
formulate policies relating to areas
Plans are developed in association which the urban area is situated, and
such as education, health, roads, water
with formally established bodies. women members appointed by the
and agriculture. Details of ministerial
District councils and township National Electoral Commission in
oversight on Zanzibar were not available.
authorities must have three standing proportion to the number of elected
committees: finance, administration positions on the council, including MPs.
3.3 Council types and planning; education, health and The number of women appointed to
In mainland Tanzania there are 37 urban water; and economic affairs, works and the council is not less than one-third
councils (19 municipalities, 15 town councils environment. Village councils have of the ward representatives and MPs
and three cities), which can be sub-divided three standing committees: finance and combined. Dar es Salaam City Council
into 3,939 mtaa (streets). The 133 rural planning; social services; and defence has an indirectly elected mayor and
district councils consist of 2,682 registered and security. Statutory committees deputy mayor. Both are elected by
villages and 64,691 vitongoji (hamlets, the for both district and village councils an electoral college comprising all
smallest unit of a village). Within Zanzibar, include an HIV/AIDS committee and councillors of the urban authorities
there are four urban authorities: three a council ethics committee. Local over which the council is established.
town councils on the island of Pemba and authorities have discretion to establish The deputy mayor must come from
one municipality on the island of Unguja. further committees, although there is a different urban authority from
All rural authorities are covered by the a maximum for each type of authority. the mayor. The membership of city
seven rural district councils. The combined The role of the committees is to develop councils is made up of all the mayors
number of shehias and wards is 331. policy, set budgets and oversee the from the urban authorities within
work of specific departments. their jurisdiction, all MPs representing
3.3.1 Council structures: Below the level constituencies within their area, at least
of local authorities there exist a number 3.3.3 Mainland Tanzania (urban councils): two women MPs resident in the city and
of democratic bodies to debate local there are three types of urban authorities: elected from the women in parliament,
development needs. In the rural system, town councils, municipal councils and and three councillors from each urban
the vitongoji comprises an elected city councils. The chairpersons of the council, one of whom must be a woman.
chairperson who appoints a secretary town councils and the mayors of the The township authorities comprise the
and three further members, all of municipal councils and their deputies chairpersons of the vitongoji within its
whom serve on an advisory committee. are indirectly elected by the other area, and not more than three members
In urban areas the mtaa (street – a councillors. Urban councils have all the each appointed by the district council.
small urban area or geographical same standing committees as the district Village councils have between 15 and
division of a ward), is the smallest councils, and the discretion to establish 25 members, made up of a chairperson
unit within an urban authority. The further ones. Non-elected members may elected by the village assembly, all
recently established mtaa committees, be co-opted onto committees. chairpersons of the vitongoji within its
unlike those of the vitongoji, have a area, and other members elected by the
fully elected membership comprising village assembly.
3.3.4 Zanzibar (urban councils):
a chairperson, six members and an
No information available.
executive officer. These committees 4.4 Women’s representation
provide a grassroots link to the ward Legislative affirmative action has
structure, and mobilise participation 3.3.5 Zanzibar (rural councils): done much to ensure women’s
of local people in local development. No information available. representation in local government in
Priorities for local service delivery and Tanzania. There is a legal requirement
development projects are discussed by 4. ELECTIONS that women must occupy at least
the committees, before being forwarded one-third of ward representatives’ and
4.1 Recent local elections
to the ward development committee 25% of village council seats and the
(WDC). In the rural system proposals Elections for local government leaders
prescribed special seats have increased
reach the WDC via the village council. are held every five years alongside those
the number of women councillors
WDC membership includes the elected of the president and MPs under the first-
to 978 in 2015 across all authorities.
ward councillor as chairperson, the ward past-the-post system and with universal
Following the 2015 election, 34%
executive officer (WEO), a salaried official adult suffrage at age 18.. They were last
of councillors were women, down
with no voting rights, women councillors, held in October 201544.4a.
on 35% following the 2011 election.

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 COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18 THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN tanzania

Table 45.1b Women councillors and mayors following the last two local elections At the regional level there are national
government offices which serve as
Election 2010 2015
extended arms of national government.
Councillors # % # % These 24 regional offices coordinate and
provide advice and technical support to
Female councillors na 35 978 ∼34 help LGAs discharge their duties to the
required standard. The regional offices have
Male councillors na 65 na na
a duty to create an enabling environment
Total councillors na 100.0 na 100.0 for LGAs to provide services and bring
about development at the local level.
Urban chairpersons # % # % There is a regional consultative committee
in every region chaired by the regional
Female urban chairpersons na na na 11 commissioner and drawing members from
the districts, including council chairpersons,
Male urban chairpersons na na na 89
district commissioners, MPs and the chief
Total urban chairpersons na 100.0 na 100.0 executives of the councils in the region.
The functions of regional consultative
Rural chairpersons # % # % committees, which are established by law,
include considering and providing advice
Female rural chairpersons na na na 2 to LGAs regarding development plans.
ALAT, whose membership includes an MP
Male rural chairpersons na na na 98
from each region, will be involved whenever
Total rural chairpersons na 100.0 na 100.0 there is a policy issue that relates to local
government, before a decision is made at
Source: MRALG correspondence with CLGF and Genderinks44.4b cabinet level. This is normally done through
workshops and working sessions organised
Approximately 3% through the open 6. ORGANISED LOCAL GOVERNMENT by MRALG, and representatives of ALAT
ballot and the rest through reserved The Association of Local Authorities are invited. Policy recommendations are
seats. Following the 2015 election, of Tanzania44.6 (ALAT) represents local sometimes discussed at meetings of the
women chaired 11% of urban councils government on the mainland of Tanzania. executive committee of ALAT and later
and 2% of rural councils. It is a voluntary organisation with a at the annual conference where all LGAs
membership of 133 urban and district are represented. There are also three
5. SYSTEMS FOR councils. Its functions are: to provide parliamentary committees which handle
COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT a forum for exchanging views and issues of direct consequence to LGAs; the
5.1 Legal requirement experiences among member LGAs; to Legal and Administrative Committee, the
Amendments to the Local Government provide advocacy on policy and legislative Local Authorities Accounts Committee and
(District Authorities) Act 1982 provide matters likely to affect LGAs; to disseminate the Parliamentary By-laws Committee.
for councils to organise public hearings information and provide expert advice; to
for people to question political leaders make representations and proposals to
government; and to represent LGAs and 8. MONITORING SYSTEMS
and staff. Councils are also empowered
to establish service boards, open their views in international forums. The regional commissioner, appointed
to all citizens in the area, providing by the president, has responsibility
an opportunity to influence service 7. INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS for monitoring the legal conduct of
provision. Participatory budget-making is Intergovernmental relations are formally councils. Each regional consultative
encouraged and enabled by bottom-up structured under the amended local committee serves as an advisory
budgeting through the WDCs and the government legislation and the Regional committee for the LGAs in its region.
democratic structures above them. Local Administration Act 1997. The regional As part of public service reforms,
authorities are now required to promote secretariats have a pivotal role, facilitating under the provisions of the Regional
and ensure democratic participation. links with the centre and carrying out their Administration Act 1997 regional
enabling function at regional, district and administrations were renamed regional
divisional levels. The Regional Administration secretariats (RSs) and now have a
5.2 Implementation
Act 1997 also established regional and development function to provide
Through the participatory planning enabling support services to local
methodology known as ‘opportunities district consultative committees for each
region and district. These committees government as part of decentralisation.
and obstacles to development’ (O&OD), This is also the case at the district and
communities kick-start the process of must provide advice to LGAs regarding
their development plans and monitor and divisional levels. A number of systems are
planning. During the O&OD process the used to monitor the performance of LGAs:
needs of various social groups – eg young ensure coordination of the overall economic
people, women, minority groups, disabled development of the region. Each committee ■■ preparation and submission of
people and those below the poverty line consists of the regional commissioners quarterly financial reports
– are taken into consideration. Whenever and district commissioners of all districts
■■ annual assessment of LGAs for
a council plans to implement a specific within the region, all chairpersons/mayors
development fund grants
project it must organise a public hearing of district and urban authorities, all directors
of urban and district authorities, and MPs of ■■ the Local Authorities Accounts
where the benefits of the project and Committee inspects projects that are
how it will be implemented are explained constituencies within the region. ALAT has
a formal role for collective bargaining and being implemented by LGAs in their
and the public are encouraged to provide areas of jurisdiction
their views. dispute resolution in the local government
service. National government ministries issue ■■ each LGA has an internal audit section
guidelines which should be used by LGAs in which checks on the management of
5.3 ICT use in citizen engagement finances, including revenue collection
the implementation of national policies.
No information is available. the external auditor for LGAs is the
Decisions made by LGAs should not ■■

be at variance with national policies. National Audit Office

www.clgf.org.uk/tanzania 241
 THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN tanzania COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18

■■ the ministry has an Inspectorate 10. DISTRIBUTION OF SERVICE REFERENCES AND USEFUL WEBSITES
Section which goes out to LGAs to DELIVERY RESPONSIBILITY 45.1a Government of Tanzania
probe any financial mismanagement 10.1 Overview of local government www.tanzania.go.tz
or other governance irregularities service delivery responsibility 45.1b Women in national parliaments.
■■ the Public Procurement Regulatory Each LGA is responsible in its area of Inter-Parliamentary Union http://
Authority carries out inspections on jurisdiction for the maintenance and archive.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm
how the procurement of goods and facilitation of peace, order and good 45.2a Constitution of Tanzania
services has been carried out in LGAs government; for the promotion of the www.judiciary.go.tz/downloads/
■■ the opposition contributes to social welfare and economic wellbeing constitution.pdf
monitoring LGAs. of the people; and for the furtherance 45.2b Local Government (District
of social and economic development. Authorities) Act 1982 http://
9. FINANCE, STAFFING AND RESOURCES LGAs are allowed to cooperate with other theredddesk.org/countries/
9.1 Local government expenditure organisations and agencies in providing laws/local-government-district-
the following services: suppression of authorities-act-1982-tanzania
No information is available
crime, maintenance of peace and good
45.2c Local Government (Urban
order and protection of lawfully acquired
9.2 Locally raised revenue Authorities) Act 1982
public and private property; control
www.tic.co.tz/media/The_local_
LGAs have the power to levy taxes, fees and improvement of agriculture, trade,
government_urban_authorities_
and charges. The typical taxes levied commerce and industry; the furtherance
act_8-1982.pdf
are direct ones, which are difficult to and enhancement of health, education
collect. 45.2d Zanzibar Local Government Act
and social, cultural and recreational
2014 bill www.zanzibarassembly.
life; the relief of poverty and distress
go.tz/bills/2014/A BILL-OF-LOCAL-
9.3 Transfers as well as assistance and amelioration
GOVERNMENT.pdf
The law provides for grants to LGAs in of life for the young, the aged and the
disabled or infirm; and the development, 45.2e National Human Settlements
the sectors of education, health, water, Development Policy 2000
roads and agriculture. These grants cover mobilisation and application of
productive forces to the war against www.tzonline.org/pdf/
recurrent expenditure, which includes nationalhumansettlements.pdf
salaries and operating expenses. The poverty, disease and ignorance. The
basic functions of district and urban 45.3a Population census 2012 www.nbs.
charges associated with operating
authorities, within their jurisdictions, go.tz/nbs/index.php?option=com_
expenses are calculated by formula
are to maintain law, order and good content&view=article&id=35
and the funds for salaries are disbursed
governance, to promote the economic 7:population-distribution-by-
by payroll. Conditional transfers form
and social welfare of the people and to administrative-areas-2012-census
approximately 80% of the total, with
ensure effective and equitable delivery &catid=57:censuses&Itemid=82
unconditional transfers making up the
of services to all. Additionally they must 45.3b Ministry for Regional
remaining 20%.
formulate, coordinate and supervise the Administration and Local
implementation of plans for economic, Government www.tamisemi.go.tz
9.4 Loans social and industrial development in 45.4 Elections Commission
No information is available their areas, monitor and control the 45.4b Genderlinks barometer 2015 cited
performance of the council and its staff, in Strachan, A. L. 2015 Women
collect and ensure the proper use of in politics and the public –sector
9.5 Local authority staff
council revenues, make by-laws, and in Tanzania www.gsdrc.org/wp-
Elected representatives are not paid (in district LGAs) approve by-laws
salaries but rather monthly responsibility content/uploads/2015/10/1286-
made by village councils. District councils Women-in-politics-and-the-
allowances, the rates of which are also regulate and coordinate the
set by the minister responsible for public-sector-in-Tanzania.pdf
development plans, projects and
local government. The head of the 45.5 No reference for this section
programmes of villages and township
paid service is the district executive 45.6 ALAT www.alat.or.tz
authorities within their areas.
director in the district authorities and 45.7 No reference for this section
the town/municipal/city director in 45.8 No reference for this section
urban authorities. Typically, below the 10.2 ICT use in service delivery
45.9 No reference for this section
director there are a number of heads of No information is available.
45.10 Tanzania starts preparations on
department, usually including personnel
implementation and monitoring
and administration; planning and
10.3 The role of local government SDGs www.nbs.go.tz/nbstz/
finance; engineering or works; education
in achieving the UN Sustainable index.php/english/events/605-
and culture; trade and economic affairs;
Development Goals (SDGs) tanzania-starts-preparations-on-
urban planning; health and social
The Tanzanian Government, through the implementation-and-monitoring-
welfare; cooperatives, agriculture and
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), has of-the-global-sustainable-
livestock development; and community
conducted a stakeholders’ meeting on development-goals-sdgs
development. City council directors
are appointed by the president, while implementation and monitoring of the 45.11a UN statistics surface area
directors of town, municipal and Global Sustainable Development Goals http://unstats.un.org/unsd/
district councils are appointed by the (SDGs). When officiating the meeting. demographic/products/dyb/
Minister for Regional Administration and the Chief Secretary said that Tanzania dyb2006/Table03.pdf
Local Government. Local goverments has a great chance of achieving the 45.11b Commonwealth Local
appoint heads of department and other targets of Sustainable Development Government knowledge hub
personnel. Goals (SDGs) by year 2030.45.10 www.clgf.org.uk/resource-centre/
knowledge-hub
45.11c UNDP HDR Tanzania country
profile http://hdr.undp.org/en/
countries/profiles/TZA

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 COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18 THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN tanzania

Annex 44a Summary of service provision in different spheres of government in Tanzania

Mainland Zanzibar

National Urban Rural Zanzibar Urban Rural

Services government councils councils assembly councils councils Remarks
GENERAL ADMINISTRATION
Police n n n n n n
Fire protection n n
Civil protection n n
Criminal justice n n
Civil status register n n n n
Statistical office n n
Electoral register n n
EDUCATION
Pre-school (kindergarten and nursery) n n n n
Primary n n n n
Secondary n n n n n n
Vocational and technical n n
Higher education n n
Adult education n n
SOCIAL WELFARE
Family welfare services n n n n
Welfare homes n n n n
Social security n n n n
PUBLIC HEALTH
Primary care
Hospitals n n n n n n
Health protection n n n n n n
HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING
Housing n n n n
Town planning n n n n
Regional planning n n
TRANSPORT
Roads n n n n n n
Transport n n n n n n
Urban roads n n n n
Urban rail n n
Ports n n n n n n
Airports n n n n
ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC SANITATION
Water and sanitation n n n n
Refuse collection and disposal n n n n
Cemeteries and crematoria n n n n
Slaughterhouses n n n n
Environmental protection n n n n
Consumer protection n n n n
CULTURE, LEISURE AND SPORTS
Theatres and concerts n n n n
Museums and libraries n n n n
Parks and open spaces n n n n
Sports and leisure facilities n n n n
Religious facilities n n n n
UTILITIES
Gas services n n
District heating
Water supply n n n n
Electricity n n n n
ECONOMIC
Agriculture, forests and fisheries n n n n n n
Local economic development/promotion n n n n n n
Trade and industry n n n n n n
Tourism n n n n n n

n sole responsibility service n joint responsibility service n discretionary service

www.clgf.org.uk/tanzania 243