108-110 學測閱讀測驗

110 學測

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第 41 至 44 題為題組
The prickly pear cactus is such a powerful symbol in Mexico that it occupies a prime spot
on Mexico’s national flag. The plant was considered sacred by the ancient Aztecs, and modern-
day Mexicans eat it, drink it, and even use it in medicines and shampoos. Now scientists have
come up with a new use for the bright green plant: producing renewable energy.
Known locally as nopal, the prickly pear is farmed on a massive scale in Mexico. Over
the years, only the edible soft inner flesh has been used. The cactus’s thick outer layer (i.e.,
husk), with all those spines, had always been viewed as a waste product until researchers
developed a biogas generator to turn the husks into electricity.
The pilot project dedicated to developing the cactus biogas generator began in the south
of Mexico City. The area produces 200,000 tons a year of prickly pear cactus—up to 10 tons of
which ends up as waste on the floor of the cactus market each day. Then, a local green energy
startup company got the idea to turn that waste into energy. The generator is now in place at the
cactus market, where the vendors are enthusiastic about this new way to utilize the tons of
cactus husks that once went directly into the trash.
The prickly pear has a number of advantages over other biofuel crops, such as wheat,
sugarcane, and soybeans. For one thing, only the husk of the cactus is used for generating
biofuel, while its inner flesh is still preserved for food. Therefore, using the plant as a fuel
source will not put pressure on food prices. Moreover, the cactus requires minimum water, and
thus is not grown on traditional agricultural pasture. This means that no increased competition
arises for the water or land presently used for food production.
The project in Mexico City has brought new hope to reducing the use of fossil fuels. If it
can be expanded, the prickly pear could be the key to Mexico’s energy future.
41. What is the purpose of this passage?
(A) To argue for the benefits of nopales.
(B) To introduce a new source of energy.
(C) To predict the future agriculture policy of Mexico.
(D) To change people’s ideas about energy consumption.
42. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a function of the prickly pear?
(A) For treating illnesses.
(B) For personal hygiene.
 (C) For food and beverage.
(D) For gardening and landscaping.
43. Which of the following statements about the prickly pear cactus is true?
(A) Its soft inner part is often discarded.
(B) It was not discovered until the modern era.
(C) It turns into 200,000 tons of waste in Mexico each year.
(D) It appears in a prominent place on Mexico’s national flag.
44. What advantage does the prickly pear cactus have over other biofuel crops?
(A) It generates more energy.
(B) It will not influence food prices.
(C) It may replace feed for livestock.
(D) It can increase global food production.
第 45 至 48 題為題組
The concept of a travel document, which shows a person is under a ruler’s protection
while in a foreign land, has probably existed since rulers and states were first invented. But the
earliest mention of an object which we might recognize as a passport appeared in about 450
B.C. The Hebrew Bible states that Nehemiah, an official serving King Artaxerxes of ancient
Persia, asked permission to travel to Judah. The King agreed and gave Nehemiah a letter “to
the governors of the province beyond the river,” requesting safe passage for him as he travelled
through their lands.
Later, in the medieval Islamic Caliphate, a form of passport was the bara’a, a receipt for
taxes paid. Only people who paid their taxes were permitted to travel to different regions of the
Caliphate. In medieval Europe, on the other hand, travel documents were issued by local
authorities, and generally contained a list of towns and cities which the document holder was
permitted to enter or pass through. On the whole, documents were not required for travel to
seaports, which were considered open trading points, but documents were required to travel
inland from seaports.
King Henry V of England is credited with having invented the first true passport, as a way
of helping his subjects prove who they were in foreign lands. The earliest reference to these
documents is found in a 15th-century Act of Parliament, while the term “passport” came into
use about a century later. Nevertheless, passports were not generally required for international
travel until the First World War. It was at this time that passports as we would recognize them
today began to be used.
45. How is the information in the passage organized?
(A) In order of time. (B) By cause and effect.
(C) In order of importance. (D) By definition and illustration.
46. Which of the following statements is true about the earliest travel document?
(A) It was issued by the king of Judah.
 (B) It was given to an official of Persia.
(C) It appeared more than three thousand years ago.
(D) It served to invite people to travel beyond the river.
47. When did the term “passport” start being used?
(A) In about 450 B.C. (B) During World War I.
th
(C) In the 16 century. (D) During King Henry V’s reign.
48. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a form of passport?
(A) A letter. (B) A receipt. (C) A proof of identity.
(D) A list of seaports.
第 49 至 52 題為題組
Benjamin Franklin, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, was not only a great
politician but also a highly accomplished scientist and inventor. Of his many achievements,
probably the least well-known are his accomplishments in music. He invented an instrument
for which both Mozart and Beethoven composed music—the glass armonica.
In 1761, while living in England, Franklin heard a performer playing musical glasses.
Franklin was charmed by the music, but felt that there was a better way to create the same sound.
He had a glassmaker create thirty-seven hemispheres made of glass, with each being a different
size and thickness to produce different pitches. The glass hemispheres were color coded with
paint to identify the notes. Franklin ran an iron rod through a hole in the top of each hemisphere
so that they could nest together from largest to smallest. He linked all of this to a device shaped
like a spinning wheel, with a foot control that turned the rod, making the glass hemispheres
rotate. Franklin moistened his fingers and held them against the rims of the glass hemispheres
as they turned, producing a unique sound. He mastered the instrument and took it to parties and
gatherings to play for his friends and acquaintances. The instrument became so popular that
thousands were built and sold.
But musical fashions changed. Music was moving out of the relatively small halls of
Mozart’s day into the large concert halls of the 19th century, and without amplification, the glass
armonica simply couldn’t be heard. Concert reviews from the period mourned the fact that the
armonica sounded wonderful—only when it could be heard. So, alas, Franklin’s marvelous
invention was ultimately abandoned. The popularity of the instrument faded early in the 19th
century, but it is still played occasionally today.
49. Which of the following is the closest illustration of Benjamin Franklin’s invention?
(A) (B)

(C) (D)
50. Which of the following statements is true about how the glass armonica works?
(A) Water has to be poured into the glass hemispheres.
(B) Colored paint makes it sound better and last longer.
(C) An iron rod is used to strike the thicker glass hemispheres.
(D) The performer’s fingers have to be slightly wet when playing it.
51. According to the passage, why did the glass armonica lose its popularity?
(A) The skill of playing the glass armonica was very hard to master.
(B) Famous musicians like Beethoven had problems composing for it.
(C) Concert halls became too big for its music to be heard by the audience.
(D) Reviewers in that time indicated that it was clumsy and not fashionable.
52. What does the highlighted “they” in the second paragraph refer to?
(A) Iron rods. (B) Hemispheres. (C) Colored notes.
(D) Musical pitches.
第 53 至 56 題為題組
Morgan’s Wonderland, located in San Antonio, Texas, is a theme park geared mainly
toward mentally or physically disabled children. The park was built by Gordon Hartman, a
former real estate developer. The creation of the park was inspired by his daughter, Morgan,
who suffers from severe cognitive delay and physical challenges.
The world’s first ultra-accessible family fun park, Morgan’s Wonderland opened in the
spring of 2010. Admission for guests with special needs is free, and fees for the general public
are set at a much discounted price so that people of all ages and abilities can come together and
play in a fun and safe environment.
Completely wheelchair-accessible, the park features 25 acres of attractions including rides,
playgrounds, a catch-and-release fishing lake, and picnic areas throughout the park. The rides
are custom-designed to accommodate wheelchair riders so that every family member can enjoy
the fun. The adapted rides include the Off-Road Adventure, where guests can test their driving
skills in sporty vehicles. Moreover, each visitor is offered the option to wear a GPS Adventure
Band, which allows them to keep track of each other while in the park. The band also enables
them to take part in electronic activities. For example, when the riders scan the band at the Off-
Road Adventure, a photo will be taken and sent to their email.
In June 2017, Morgan’s Wonderland celebrated the opening of Morgan’s Inspiration Island.
The new expansion is composed of five themed splash pads and a River Boat Adventure Ride.
The wheelchair guests can transfer out of their chairs into unique, waterproof chairs and enjoy
the splash park without risking damage to their personal wheelchairs.
 “Morgan taught me that there’s more to life in many ways than what I saw before,” said
Hartman. “The blessing that Morgan has brought is beyond anything that I ever could have
imagined and could explain.”
53. What is the passage mainly about?
(A) The new addition to Morgan’s Wonderland.
(B) The establishment and features of a special theme park.
(C) The advanced technological devices in Morgan’s Wonderland.
(D) The needs of people who suffer from physical and mental disabilities.
54. What does “ultra-accessible” in the second paragraph imply?
(A) It’s easy for all visitors to use the facilities.
(B) Admission is free for people young and old.
(C) Wheelchairs are provided for every featured attraction.
(D) Morgan’s Wonderland is situated in a convenient location.
55. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a fun activity in the park?
(A) Fishing. (B) Driving. (C) Hiking. (D) Picnicking.
56. Which of the following statements is true about Morgan’s Wonderland?
(A) Waterproof chairs enable visitors to roam all over the park.
(B) Morgan’s Inspiration Island includes 25 acres of attractions.
(C) The success of the park is exactly what Morgan intended to achieve.
(D) GPS bands allow visitors to enjoy the convenience of the electronic devices.

109 學測

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第 41 至 44 題為題組
The flip-flop is the simplest shoe on the planet. It consists of a piece of rubber, plastic,
leather, or woven material in the outline of a foot, with a strap holding the sandal to a wearer’s
toes. The name comes from the sound the sandals make when they slap the walking feet.
The earliest record of people wearing the flip-flop comes from Egypt, but many ancient
cultures had their own variants of the footwear. In the Greek version, the toe strap ran between
the first and second toes, while Roman sandals had the strap between the second and third toes.
The Mesopotamians wore the strap between the third and fourth toes. In India, “toe knob”
sandals had a knob between the first and second toes.
Modern flip-flops derive from Japanese zōris, which were often worn with socks dividing
the big toe from the rest, and were typically made of rice straw. During World War II, Japan
seized much of Southeast Asia’s rubber. In 1945, devastated from the war, the country set about
establishing a cheap industry that could rebuild its economy. The Japanese used their rubber
reserves from the war to mass-produce the simplest Japanese footwear. Rubber thus replaced
rice straw as the major material for the flip-flop.
In the 1950s, flip-flops became popular in the United States as soldiers returning from
occupied Japan brought zōris home. The sandals have subsequently undergone redesign, often
appearing in bright colors in line with Californian beach culture. They have remained popular
due to their convenience, and are often worn with bathing suits or summer clothing. Some
people also wear dressy versions for more formal occasions.
Despite their popularity, flip-flops provoke some questions. Their simple design is
responsible for many foot injuries. Another issue is the suitability of exposing feet on the street
and places other than the beach. But even more serious is their environmental impact: Millions
of plastic discards end up in landfills or the ocean, releasing chemicals and at the same time
taking centuries to decompose.

41. Which culture most likely created the sandals shown in the picture?
(A) Indian.
(B) Greek.
(C) Mesopotamian.
(D) Roman.

42. Why is the footwear discussed in the passage called “flip-flop”?

(A) Because of the noise it makes.
(B) Because of its changeable design.
(C) Because of its simple structure.
(D) Because of the comfort of wearing it.
43. Which of the following is true about the modern development of the flip-flop?
(A) Modern flip-flops originated from Indian toe knob sandals.
(B) Americans loved the Japanese flip-flop because of its bright colors.
(C) Rubber became the major material of the flip-flop before World War II.
(D) The sandals American soldiers brought home from Japan later became modern flip-
flops.
44. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a concern of wearing the flip-flop?
(A) Personal health. (B) Poor quality.
(C) Social appropriateness. (D) Marine pollution.
第 45 至 48 題為題組
Ships are the lifeline of trade among countries. Almost everything, from food to machinery,
comes by way of the sea in huge ships piloted by captains. But the captain of a ship is
responsible for guiding the vessel until they hit a port, waiting to enter the harbor. The task of
bringing the ship into the harbor and anchoring it is taken up by a different captain. This captain
is called a marine pilot.
A marine pilot is a boat pilot with specialized knowledge of a particular port or harbor.
The pilot is needed to direct large ships into a port, where there are often deep water channels
surrounded by shallower seabeds. Without the services of a marine pilot, docking ships would
be hazardous. There would be a real chance of running aground and damaging the ship and the
cargo, some of which might be dangerous if released into a water-based ecosystem.
In addition to the shallower seabeds, tide and wind pose further challenges for bringing
ships into a port. During different tides, currents may change from one direction to the other.
The same strategy for docking a vessel during an incoming tide may not work during an
outgoing tide. Also, the wind can significantly alter the direction of the ship and how it reacts,
adding to the difficulty of anchoring the ship.
Marine pilotage is a job that requires a high degree of proficiency as well as quick and
independent thinking. Above all, it is about risk management. A marine pilot goes on board at
a crucial time and controls the vessel based on his or her knowledge of the port and the situation
at hand. The pilot is responsible for not only the safety of the ship but also the protection of the
port and the marine environment.
45. What is the passage mainly about?
(A) A special profession.
(B) Shipping and trading.
(C) Guidelines for safe docking.
(D) Protection of the marine environment.
46. Which of the following is part of the knowledge that a marine pilot must have?
(A) The value of the ships. (B) The content of the cargo.
(C) The weather conditions. (D) The diversity of marine life.
47. What does “a crucial time” in the last paragraph refer to?
(A) When the vessel hits a flat.
(B) When the channel is not deep enough.
(C) When there is a collision of two ships.
(D) When a ship is waiting to enter the port.
48. How does the author conclude the passage in the last paragraph?
(A) By adding new details. (B)By predicting future development.
(C) By summarizing the main points. (D) By giving advice to the general
public.
第 49 至 52 題為題組
Probably the most widely used oil in cooking, olive oil is made by crushing olives with
stone or steel blades to release the oil. Extra virgin oil, the finest grade, is made from the first
pressing of the olives and has a very low acidity rate (under 1%). To be qualified as “extra
virgin,” the oil must also pass both an official test in a laboratory and a sensory evaluation by a
trained tasting panel. It must be free from impurity, while exhibiting some fruitiness and
creating a pleasant bitter flavor along with a peppery sensation in the mouth. Second on the
ranking is virgin olive oil. It is also a first pressing, but has a slightly higher acidity level (under
2%). Lastly, pure olive oil is the cheapest olive oil. It is refined to remove its impurities and
blended to improve flavor, and is recommended for all-purpose cooking.
Packaging and storage also have an impact on the quality of olive oil. Olive oil spoils
quickly when exposed to direct sunlight, so it should be stored in the dark at 16-18°C. Moisture
and oxygen promote oxidation and therefore limit its shelf life. Plastic containers usually do
not provide adequate protection from light, heat, or moisture; additionally, small particles in
plastics can leak into the oil, which further reduces its quality.
Olive oil tasters have long adopted descriptive terms such as “pure” and “light” to evaluate
the quality of olive oil. Recently, however, the International Olive Council (IOC) is seeking
input on test methods to improve the transparency of the testing process and boost the accuracy
of the results. A redefinition of the term “olive oil” is also proposed to make a clear distinction
between virgin olive oil and pure olive oil. Industry members of the IOC hope to promote the
trade of olive oil by initiating these changes.
49. What is the passage mainly about?
(A) The flavor of olive oil. (B) The trade of olive oil.
(C) The promotion of olive oil. (D) The quality of olive oil.
50. Which of the following statements is true about extra virgin olive oil?
(A) It is free from any bitter flavor.
(B) It is refined to remove its impurities.
(C) It requires mixing of more than one kind of oil.
(D) It has a lower acidity rate than virgin olive oil.
51. According to the passage, what is the best way to store olive oil?
(A) In a plastic container in a damp cellar.
(B) In a clear glass bottle near the kitchen stove.
(C) In an airtight glass bottle in a kitchen cupboard.
(D) In an airproof bottle next to a well-lighted window.
52. What is the IOC trying to do?
(A) Train more qualified olive oil tasters.
(B) Improve the ways of grading olive oil.
(C) Look for new techniques to boost production.
 (D) Build better connections among industry members.
第 53 至 56 題為題組
Researchers in Japan have installed on a train a speaker that barks like a dog and snorts
like a deer in order to prevent collisions with animals on the tracks.
The country has been troubled by a problem with trains colliding with deer on its railways.
According to Japan’s transport ministry, there were 613 cases of train services suspended or
delayed for at least 30 minutes resulting from collisions with deer and other wild animals in
2016-17.
Deer are attracted to railway lines because of a need for iron in their diets. They lick the rails
to pick up iron filings caused by the action of wheels against tracks. This dietary need has led to
a constant battle to keep the deer separate from the unforgiving nature of tons of onrushing
rolling stock. In the past, flashing red lights and even lion faces have been unsuccessfully trialed
in an attempt to keep deer off the tracks.
This new device has been invented by a team at the country’s Railway Technical Research
Institute (RTRI). RTRI officials explain that deer have a habit of repeatedly snorting short, shrill
sounds to alert other deer when they perceive danger. The barking of the hound, which drives
deer to panic, strengthens the effect of the warning noise, according to the RTRI. When the deer
hear a combination of a 3-second-long recording of a deer’s snort and 20 seconds of a barking
dog, they panic and flee rapidly.
RTRI researchers say late-night tests, at times when deer are most frequently seen by
railway tracks, have resulted in a 45 percent reduction of deer sighting. Future plans include
static barking sites where deer are commonly seen, but “the noises will not be blared in areas
where people live beside the tracks.”
53. Why are deer attracted to train tracks?
(A) They mate at night near railways.
(B) They need nutrition from train tracks.
(C) They like to snort at the passing train.
(D) They sharpen their horns rubbing against the rails.
54. What device has NOT been used to solve the railway problem in Japan?
(A) Flashing lights. (B) Barking speakers.
(C) Noisy train tracks. (D) Lion face paintings.
55. Which of the following is true about the deer issue discussed in the passage?
(A) RTRI’s new invention prompts deer to run away.
(B) People living near the tracks complain about deer snorts.
(C) 45 percent of train delays in Japan was caused by deer collision.
(D) A combination of sound and visual devices attracts more deer to the tracks.
56.What does the author mean by “the unforgiving nature of tons of onrushing rolling stock”
in the third paragraph?
 (A) The heavy weight of iron materials.
(B) The cruelty of a barking hound.
(C) The battle between deer and other animals.
(D) The danger of a fast-moving train.

108 學測

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第 41 至 44 題為題組
Angelfish, often found in the warm seas and coral reefs, are among the most brightly
colored fish of the ocean. Brilliant colors and stripes form amazing patterns on their body. These
patterns actually help the fish to hide from danger among roots and plants. At night, when these
fish become inactive, their colors may become pale. Often, the young ones are differently
colored than the adults. Some scientists believe that the color difference between the young and
the old indicates their different social positions.
Another interesting fact about angelfish is that they have an occupation in the fish world.
Most of them act as cleaners for other fish and pick dead tissue from their bodies. This is not
their food, though. Their diet consists mainly of sponge and algae.
One particular kind of angelfish, the blackspot angelfish, has a special capability that
allows it to change gender from female to male. However, the change is not made at random; it
happens for a specific reason. Angelfish live in groups, and each group has one male fish, which
is blue in color, and four female fish, which are yellow. The male angelfish is the strongest and
largest member of the group. He is the one who protects and looks after the females. When the
male dies, the group needs a new “security guard.” This is when the largest female in the group
begins to change in appearance. She begins to grow larger in size, and after a week, she starts
changing color, from yellow to blue. Slowly, her behavior toward the other fish also changes.
She begins behaving like a male. Two weeks later, black stripes appear on her body, indicating
the gender change is complete. She is now completely male!

41. What is the job of an angelfish in the sea?

(A) Being a cleaner for other fish.
(B) Being a bodyguard for other fish.
 (C) Being a gardener for roots and plants.
(D) Being a caretaker for sponge and algae.

42. Which of the following statements is true about the color of angelfish?
(A) Female angelfish are blue in color.
(B) The colors of the fish become less bright at night.
(C) Male angelfish do not have black stripes on them.
(D) The adult fish and the young ones have the same colors.

43. According to the passage, what triggers the gender change in the blackspot angelfish?
(A) Dangers to the group.
(B) Changes in the fish’s diet.
(C) The birth of young angelfish.
(D) The death of the male fish in a group.

44. Which of the following describes the order of changes in the features of a blackspot
angelfish during gender change?
(A) Size à behavior à color à stripes.
(B) Color à size à behavior à stripes.
(C) Size à color à behavior à stripes.
(D) Color à behavior à size à stripes.

第 45 至 48 題為題組
Totem poles in North America are poles or posts carved with symbols or figures by
Aboriginal peoples of the Northwest Coast. Carved from large, straight trees and painted vibrant
colors, the totem poles are not just unique works of art. The coastal peoples have long passed
on knowledge from generation to generation through oral traditions, and totem poles were the
traditional way of telling the story of an individual family or clan.
The totem pole can be grouped into specific categories,
depending on its location and the occasion for which it was
carved. Welcome poles were traditionally placed on village
beachfronts to greet visitors arriving by canoe. Inside the
homes of high-ranking chiefs is where house poles were
found. The family’s history was carefully carved into each
pole. Placed along the rear or front walls of a house, house
poles also helped to support the main beam of the roof.
Memorial poles stood in front of a house. They were erected in memory of a deceased
chief or a high-ranking clan member. The poles depicted the person’s accomplishments or
family history. Mortuary poles were also raised to honor the dead, but they differed from
memorial poles, having a burial box placed at the top of the pole. Inside the burial box were the
remains of the deceased.
 While many of these poles can still be found in various locations on the west coast of
North America, there is one pole that can now only be found in a museum—the shame pole.
Traditionally, shame poles were carved for a chief to embarrass and ridicule another who had
done something wrong. Once the wrong was made right, the pole was taken down.
Totem poles are important expressions of specific Aboriginal cultures. Despite the threats
posed by cultural and political encroachment of colonial forces, the art of totem pole carving
has survived. Aboriginal carvers continue to carve totems as symbols of their cultural pride and
clan kinship.
45. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
(A) Totem Poles, the Legends of Aboriginal Peoples (B) Totem Poles: Their Functions
(C) Totem Poles, Symbols of Historical Resistance (D) Totem Poles: Their Designs
46. How is the information about totem poles organized in Paragraphs 2 to 4?
(A) In order of importance. (B) In order of time.
(C) By cause and effect. (D) By classification.
47. Which of the following is located at the edge of a body of water?
(A) The house pole. (B) The shame pole.
(C) The memorial pole. (D) The welcome pole.
48. Which is closest in meaning to the word “encroachment” in the last paragraph?
(A) Invasion. (B) Appointment.
(C) Objection. (D) Enrichment.

第 49 至 52 題為題組
Music has a tendency to get stuck in our heads. Sometimes a tune intrudes on our thoughts
and then plays, and replays, in a never-ending loop. This interesting phenomenon becomes a
subject explored by many scientists. They use a range of terms to describe it—stuck-song
syndrome, sticky music, cognitive itch, or most commonly “earworm.” Earworms can run
around our heads for several minutes to numerous hours. As the melody repeats, it becomes
embedded into our mind. Even though our ears do not hear the tune, our brain continues to play
it.
Earworms often take the form of song fragments rather than entire songs, and the song is
usually a familiar one. Researchers are not sure why some songs are more likely to get stuck in
our heads than others, but everyone has their own tunes. Often those songs have a simple,
upbeat melody and catchy, repetitive lyrics, such as popular commercial jingles and slightly
annoying radio hits. Recent or repeated exposure to a song or even a small part of a song can
also trigger earworms, as can word associations, such as a phrase similar to the lyrics of a song.
While earworms might be annoying, most people who experience them nevertheless report
that they are pleasant or at least neutral. Only a third of people are disturbed by the song in their
heads. How people cope with their earworms seems to depend on how they feel about them.
Those who have positive feelings about their stuck songs prefer to just “let them be,” while
those with negative feelings turn to more behavioral responses, which include coping strategies
such as singing, talking, or even praying.
49. According to the passage, which of the following is true about an earworm?
(A) It is a creature living inside our ears.
(B) It is a tune memorized in a personal way.
(C) It is a melody repeating in our heads.
(D) It is a commercial recalled through lyrics.
50. Which of the following best defines “subject” in the first paragraph?
(A) A kind of mental disease. (B) A course being taken.
(C) A participant in an experiment. (D) A matter being studied.
51. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a feature that would trigger earworms?
(A) Tunes repeatedly encountered.
(B) Melodies with smooth rhythms.
(C) Fragments of songs recently heard.
(D) Words similar to the lyrics of a song.
52. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
(A) Why people find earworms annoying.
(B) How people react to earworms.
(C) What people use to kill earworms.
(D) When people start to notice earworms.

第 53 至 56 題為題組
Got a bug bite problem? Many people who are troubled by skin rashes caused by bug bites
use “foggers,” or “bug bombs,” to get rid of the annoying crawlers in their homes. Many people
think these bug killers or pesticides will penetrate every place where the insects hide. Actually,
quite the opposite is true. Once the pests detect the chemical fog in the room, they’ll hide
themselves in walls or other hideaways, where you’ll never be able to treat them effectively.
Ohio State University researchers tested three commercially sold foggers in a study on the
effect of foggers on bedbugs. After testing these brands on five different groups of live bedbugs
for two hours, the scientists saw that the foggers had little—if any—effect on the insects. The
researchers said bedbugs hide in cracks and crevices such as under sheets and mattresses, or
deep in carpets where foggers won’t reach. Moreover, bugs that do come in contact with the
mist may be resistant to the pesticide.
Foggers, or bug bombs, should really be a measure of last resort. First of all, the gases
used in bug bombs are highly flammable and thus pose a serious risk of fire or explosion if the
product is not used properly. Second, once a bug bomb is used, every surface in your home will
be covered with the toxic pesticide. When you use a bug bomb, a chemical mixture rains down
on your counters, furniture, floors, and walls, leaving behind oily and toxic substances. Your
health might thus be endangered. Therefore, it is suggested that people leave the problem to the
professionals.
53. What is this passage mainly about?
(A) Steps to get rid of bedbugs. (B) Ways to use foggers correctly.
(C) The ineffectiveness of bug bombs. (D) The problems caused by insects.
54. How do bedbugs react to foggers?
(A) They remain motionless. (B) They retreat to safe places.
(C) They stop biting people. (D) They escape into another house.
55. According to the passage, which of the following statements about foggers is true?
(A) They can cause a fire. (B) They do not stay on furniture.
(C) They can kill most insects. (D) They do not contain chemicals.
56. What does the author advise people to do with bedbug problems?
(A) Choose the right fogger. (B) Clean the house regularly.
(C) Close the doors when using pesticides. (D) Consult a pest-control expert.