Paper chromatography is a type of planar chromatography that uses specialized paper as the stationary phase. Components of a sample mixture will separate based on how strongly they adsorb to the paper versus dissolve in the mobile phase solvent. The procedure involves spotting the sample on paper and developing the chromatogram by allowing the solvent to travel up the paper. Applications include separation of amino acids, forensic analysis, and analysis in food, pharmaceutical, and environmental samples. Advantages are that paper chromatography is simple, inexpensive, efficient, and allows for rapid analysis.
Paper chromatography is a type of planar chromatography that uses specialized paper as the stationary phase. Components of a sample mixture will separate based on how strongly they adsorb to the paper versus dissolve in the mobile phase solvent. The procedure involves spotting the sample on paper and developing the chromatogram by allowing the solvent to travel up the paper. Applications include separation of amino acids, forensic analysis, and analysis in food, pharmaceutical, and environmental samples. Advantages are that paper chromatography is simple, inexpensive, efficient, and allows for rapid analysis.
Paper chromatography is a type of planar chromatography that uses specialized paper as the stationary phase. Components of a sample mixture will separate based on how strongly they adsorb to the paper versus dissolve in the mobile phase solvent. The procedure involves spotting the sample on paper and developing the chromatogram by allowing the solvent to travel up the paper. Applications include separation of amino acids, forensic analysis, and analysis in food, pharmaceutical, and environmental samples. Advantages are that paper chromatography is simple, inexpensive, efficient, and allows for rapid analysis.
Paper chromatography is a type of planar chromatography that uses specialized paper as the stationary phase. Components of a sample mixture will separate based on how strongly they adsorb to the paper versus dissolve in the mobile phase solvent. The procedure involves spotting the sample on paper and developing the chromatogram by allowing the solvent to travel up the paper. Applications include separation of amino acids, forensic analysis, and analysis in food, pharmaceutical, and environmental samples. Advantages are that paper chromatography is simple, inexpensive, efficient, and allows for rapid analysis.
DEVASHISH SHARMA ❑ Paper chromatography (PC) is a type of a planar chromatography whereby chromatography procedures are run on a specialized paper.
❑ It is considered to be the simplest and most widely
used of the chromatographic techniques because of its applicability to isolation, identification and quantitative determination of organic and inorganic compounds. Principle of Separation • The principle of separation is mainly partition rather than adsorption. Substances are distributed between a stationary phase and mobile phase.
• Cellulose layers in filter paper contain moisture which acts as stationary
phase. • Organic solvents/buffers are used as mobile phase. • The developing solution travels up the stationary phase carrying the sample with it. • Components of the sample will separate readily according to how strongly they adsorb onto the stationary phase versus how readily they dissolve in the mobile phase. Procedure of Paper Chromatography Step 1 :Prepare the Stationary
Phase Cut a piece of filter paper to the desired size. The
size of the paper depends on the amount of the mixture to be separated. The paper should be long enough to hang over the edge of the container holding the solvent. Step 2 : Spotting the Sample Using a capillary tube or micropipette, spot the mixture onto the filter paper. The spot should be small and concentrated. The spot should be allowed to dry completely before proceeding.
Step 3 : Preparing the Mobile Phase
Prepare the mobile phase by pouring a small amount of the solvent into a container. The level of the solvent should be below the spot on the filter paper. Step 4 : Placing the Paper in the Container Place the filter paper in the container with the solvent. The paper should be held in place so that it does not move. Step 5 : Developing the Chromatogram Allow the solvent to move up the paper by capillary action. The solvent will carry the different components of the mixture along with it. Once the solvent has reached the top of the paper, remove the paper from the container and allow it to dry completely. Step 6 : Analyzing the Chromatogram
The chromatogram can be analyzed visually or using
other methods such as UV or fluorescence spectroscopy.
The different components of the mixture will appear as
spots on the paper. The distance travelled by each component can be measured and used to identify the component. Applications of Paper Chromatography Paper chromatography has many applications in various fields, some of which are discussed below.
1. Separation of Amino Acids
2. Forensic Analysis 3. Food Analysis 4. Environmental Analysis 5. Pharmaceutical Analysis 6. Chemical Education Advantages of Paper Chromatography There are several advantages of using paper chromatography, which include: