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    Introduction To Critical Care Nursing

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    Christine Joy Cano
    Critical care nursing involves specialized care for critically ill patients. It began with Florence Nightingale establishing distinct hospital wards for life-threatening illnesses. Major historical figures like Walter Dandy and Peter Safar helped develop intensive care units. Critical care nursing has three main components: the critically ill patient, the critical care nurse, and the critical care environment which includes standards, equipment, and personnel.

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    Introduction To Critical Care Nursing

    Uploaded by

    Christine Joy Cano
    135 views22 pages
    Critical care nursing involves specialized care for critically ill patients. It began with Florence Nightingale establishing distinct hospital wards for life-threatening illnesses. Major historical figures like Walter Dandy and Peter Safar helped develop intensive care units. Critical care nursing has three main components: the critically ill patient, the critical care nurse, and the critical care environment which includes standards, equipment, and personnel.

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    1. INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL CARE NURSING

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    Critical care nursing involves specialized care for critically ill patients. It began with Florence Nightingale establishing distinct hospital wards for life-threatening illnesses. Major historical figures like Walter Dandy and Peter Safar helped develop intensive care units. Critical care nursing has three main components: the critically ill patient, the critical care nurse, and the critical care environment which includes standards, equipment, and personnel.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    135 views22 pages

    Introduction To Critical Care Nursing

    Uploaded by

    Christine Joy Cano
    Critical care nursing involves specialized care for critically ill patients. It began with Florence Nightingale establishing distinct hospital wards for life-threatening illnesses. Major historical figures like Walter Dandy and Peter Safar helped develop intensive care units. Critical care nursing has three main components: the critically ill patient, the critical care nurse, and the critical care environment which includes standards, equipment, and personnel.

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    of 22

    INTRODUCTION

    RHEALEEN V. VICEDO, MAN, RN


    TO CRITICAL Assistant Professor IV

    CARE NURSING
    BulSU-CON
    INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES
    • Define Critical Care Nursing
    • Describe the historical background of critical care
    nursing
    • Discuss the major components of critical care nursing
    CRITICAL CARE NURSING
    • Is the delivery of specialized care to critically ill
    patients who have life-threatening illnesses or
    injuries
    –Lippincot Williams
    • Is a specialty area of practice that provides nursing
    services to critically ill patients across the lifespan,
    traditionally delivered in acute care settings such
    as the hospital ICU
    – Hinkle,Cheever, & Overbaugh
    COMMON ILLNESSES & INJURIES IN
    CRITICAL CARE UNITS
    • Cardiovascular disorders • Traumatic injuries
    • Gastrointestinal and • Gunshot wound
    hepatic disorders • Renal disorders
    • Shock (hypovolemia, • Surgeries
    sepsis, cardiogenic)
    • Cancers
    • Respiratory disorders
    HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
    • FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE ERA (1820 – 1910)
    • Florence reorganized the military hospital of Scurati
    during the Crimean war of 1853-56
    • upon their intervention, mortality decreased from 60%
    to 2%
    • recognized that life-threatening illnesses could be better
    addressed if patients were organized into distinct areas
    • a school of nursing was formed in 1859 in England
    dedicated to her
    • her work, and the school, paved the way for Intensive
    Care Medicine
    HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
    • DANDY ERA (1886-1946)
    • Walter Edward Dandy was born in Missouri.
    • Graduated at the Johns Hopkins University School of
    Medicine
    • neurosurgery
    • Intensive care began in the US when he opened a
    three-bed unit for postoperative neurosurgical
    patients at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore
    • In 1927, the first hospital for premature-born infant
    care center was established in Chicago
    HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
    • WORLD WAR II
    • Shock wards were established to care for or
    resuscitate injured soldiers or cater surgery
    • Shallow concept of triage
    • 1st ICUs emerged after the war to provide care
    to very sick patients who needed one – to –
    one care from a nurse
    • the specialty of critical care nursing emerged
    HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
    • SAFAR ERA (1924-2003)
    • Peter Safar, the 1st Intensivist doctor, was born
    in Austria
    • In 1950s, “Urgency & Emergency” room set-up
    (now known as ICU)
    • ABC’s protocols were formed
    • artificial ventilation as well as external cardiac
    massage became popular
    • In the city of Baltimore, the 1st surgical ICU was
    established
    • 1990s- various specialized areas evolved
    STANDARDS OF CRITICAL CARE NURSING
    • Quality care • Research
    • Individual practice • Resource utilization
    evaluation
    • Education
    • Collegiality
    • Ethics
    • Collaboration
    • Clinical tools
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING

    • The critically ill


    • The critical care nurse
    • The critical care environment
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • The critically ill
    • patients who are at
    high risk for actual or
    potential life-
    threatening health
    problems
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • The critical care nurse
    • a licensed professional nurse who is responsible for
    ensuring that acutely and critically-ill patients and their
    families receive optimal care
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • The critical care labs
    nurse • Progressive care
    • Intensive care units units
    • Pediatric ICUs • Hemodialysis units
    • Neonatal ICUs • Emergency
    • Recovery rooms department
    • Post-anesthesia • Telemetry units
    care units
    • Cardiac care units
    • Cardiac catheter
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • Responsibilities of a critical care
    nurse
    • Being an advocate
    • Utilize sound clinical judgment
    • Demonstrates caring practices
    • Collaborates
    • Provides patient and family health teaching
    • Integrates understanding of cultural diversity
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • Responsibilities of a critical care
    nurse
    • Demonstrates leadership abilities
    • Optimizes talents/skills and resources
    • Utilizes ethical decision-making
    • Promotes innovation, creativity and research
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • Other functions of a critical care
    nurse
    • Supports and maintains physiologic stability of patients
    • Use critical thinking to prioritize patient-focused
    interventions
    • Responds with confidence and adopts to rapidly changing
    patient condition
    • Responds to the unique needs of patients and families
    coping with unanticipated treatment, quality of life, and end-
    of-life decisions.
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • Other functions of a critical care
    nurse
    • Manages the interface between patient and technology
    • Monitors and allocates critical care services
    • Engages in activities to promote own professional
    advancement
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • The critical care
    environment
    • PHYSICAL SET-UP STANDARDS
    1. Maximum visibility of patients
    while providing privacy
    2. Accessibility to patients
    3. Allows easy mobility for
    equipment and support system
    4. Conducive environment for
    patient recovery
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • The critical care
    environment
    • EQUIPMENT AND GADGETS
    1. Central station
    2. Telemetry/central monitor
    3. Bedside cardiac monitors, hemodynamic
    pressure monitors and non-invasive
    pressure monitors
    4. Defibrillator/Cardioverter
    5. Intubation gadgets and manual resuscitator
    bags
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • The critical care
    environment
    • EQUIPMENT AND GADGETS
    1. Crash cart (emergency drugs, IV
    fluids, etc.)
    2. Suction apparatus
    3. Piped-in oxygen delivery system
    4. Chest tube machines/ drainage
    5. IV infusion pumps
    6. Patient intercom
    MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL
    CARE NURSING
    • The critical care environment
    • PERSONNEL/ HEALTH TEAM MEMBERS
    1. Medical practitioners
    2. Nursing personnel
    3. Allied health personnel
    4. Auxilliary services

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