Copar (Nursing)
Copar (Nursing)
Copar (Nursing)
COPAR
▪ is a CONTINUOUS AND DYNAMIC PROCESS of encouraging people to UNDERSTAND/DEVELOP THEIR
AWARENESSof their existing conditions by providing the skills, capability training, and working with the people
collectively and efficiently on their problems. – (CBQ)
▪ A social development approach that aims TO TRANSFORM the Apathetic, individualistic, voiceless poor
INTODYNAMIC, PARTICIPATORY and politically responsive community. (Turning a passive to ACTIVE community)
TAKE NOTE: The COMMUNITY is NOT considered as subjects of research they are considered as participants or
CO–RESEARCHERS – (CBQ)
IMPORTANCE OF COPAR
S – self reliance by preparing people to manage a development program in the future.
A – active community participation and involvement is maximized
M – mobilized community resources for community services.
E – empowerment of the people and community development
PRINCIPLES OF COPAR
P – people’s participation should always be present (CBQ)
O – oppressed and exploited sectors are most open to change.
W – with COPAR it should lead to self – reliant community and society. (CBQ)
E – empowerment – Power must reside in the people
R – remember, COPAR should be for the interest of the poorest sectors of the society.
PHASES OF COPAR
▪ Simplest phase
CENSUS
▪ De facto - ACTUAL place ( individuals are recorded to the geological area where they were present at
a specific time.)
▪ De jure - RESIDENCY (individuals are recorded by their place of residence-"usual residence"-the
place where a person lives and sleeps most of the time)
TAKE NOTE: Formalize linkages, networks and referral systems then register organization to S.E.C.(Security and
Exchange Commission)
▪ Transfer of Community Organizing roles and responsibilities and documents to the organization
▪ Follow up
FAMILY
▪ The UNIT OF SERVICE in the community (CBQ)
▪ is a small social system (2) or more people living together who are related by blood, marriage, adoption, or by
arrangement over a period of time.
Ecomap
▪ Used to identify family relationships between members of the community. (CBQ)
Pedigree chart
▪ Chart/diagram of the GENETIC HISTORY of a family over several generations(CBQ)
CLASSIFICATION OF FAMILIES
1. Nuclear family – TRADITIONAL type, consists of husband and wife (and perhaps one or more children).
2. Extended family – includes relatives (aunts, uncles, grandparents, and cousins)
3. Single-parent family – consist of one parent and children
4. Blended family- married couple, their children and their children from previous marriages
5. Alternative family – Relationships include multiadult households, "skip-generation" families (grandparents caring for
grandchildren), communal groups with children, "nonfamilies" (adults living alone), cohabitating partners, and homosexual
couples.
6. Beanpole - Family comprised of 4 or more generations
7. Same Sex/Homosexual – Family comprised of Gay/Lesbian partner w/ adopted/biological child
8. Communal – Unrelated individual/family in one roof
AUTHORITY:
▪ Patrifocal/Patriarchal – Father has main authority
▪ Matricentric - Prolonged absence of father (OFW), Mother gets the dominant power
LOCALITY:
▪ Patrilocal – Newly wed living nearby father's side
2. Health Threat – conditions conducive to disease, accidents or failure to realize one’s health potential. (Score:2)
B roken glasses and scattered sharp objects
A bsence or lack of prenatal visits or clinic visits(CBQ)
S afety hazards: fires, falls and accident
U nhealthy lifestyle – faulty eating, sedentary
R odents and insects
A bsence or lack of immunization
S anitation issues and family history of diseases.
Pregnancy
Abortion
Parenthood
Additional family member (Newborn) (CBQ)
NATURE OF THE PROBLEM – health deficit, health threat and foreseeable crisis
▪ Health deficit 3
▪ Health threat 2
▪ Foreseeable crisis 1
▪ Partially modifiable 1
▪ Not modifiable 0
PREVENTIVE POTENTIAL –refers to the nature and MAGNITUDE of future problems that can be minimized or totally
prevented if intervention is done on the problem under consideration
▪ High 3
▪ Moderate 2
▪ Low 1
SALIENCE – refers to the family’s PERCEPTION and evaluation of the problem in terms of
seriousness and urgency of attention needed (CBQ)
▪ A serious problem, immediate attention needed – 2
CHN PROCEDURES
HOME VISIT
▪ a nurse –family contact which allows the health worker to assess the home and family situations in
order to provide the necessary nursing care and health related activities
ADVANTAGE OF HOME VISIT: provides opportunity to do FIRST HAND APPRAISAL of the home situation(CBQ)
▪ Oral and rectal thermometers, syringes and needles should be placed at the FRONT of the bag
(Thermometers should be facing DOWN.)
BAG TECHNIQUE
▪ A “TOOL” making use of a public health bag through which the nurse, during his/her visit, can perform nursing
procedures with ease and deftness, saving time and effort with the end in view of rendering effective nursing care
▪ Sphygmomanometer (BP cuff) and stethoscope is NOT included inside the bag(CBQ)
▪ FIRST thing you get from the CHN bag – soap in a soap dish and hand towel
▪ Bag technique shouldn't overshadow but rather show the effectiveness of the total care given to the individual
and family.
ISOLATION TECHNIQUE IN THE HOME CONSIDERATIONS:
1. Articles used by the patient should NOT be mixed with the articles used by
other family members.
2. Frequent hand washing and disinfection of the room are imperative and room exposure to sunlight.
3. Health provider should use PPE (gown and mask) and should be used ONLY within the room.
4. Properly discard all used tissue paper with nasal and throat discharges
5. Soiled articles with discharges should be boiled for 30 minutes before washing.
Based on the 2017 demography report (JULY 2016 estimate), the Philippine population has reached: 102 Million (CBQ)
Demographic variables in population growth includes: FERTILITY, MORTALITY and MIGRATION
TAKE NOTE: MORBIDITY is NOT included as demographic variable. (CBQ)
Aging population
▪ refers to a phenomenon in which the median age of the population in a country rises significantly compared to the
total population in a country rises significantly compared to the total population. This is caused by any or
combination of the following: (CBQ)
▪ A declining birth rate.
▪ Decreased fertility.
Situation – The public health nurse must have an understanding of demography which should support health care plan.
1. Demography is concerned with the study of population. Which of the following are included in demographic profile?
A. Size, composition, health status, and environment.
B. Change in population, distribution, and health status.
C. Size, distribution, composition, and change in population.
D. Size, distribution, and composition.
2. Based on the 2017 demography report (July 2016 estimate), the Philippine population has reached:
A. 140 million B. 120 million C. 102 million D. 85 million
3. There are three demographic variables in population growth. Which one is NOT included?
A. Fertility B. Migration C. Morbidity D. Mortality
4. Population structure is a diagram of population typically presented in a pyramid-like style format based on ___________.
A. Sex and educational attainment C. Age and civil status
B. Age and fertility D. Age and sex
5. An aging population refers to a phenomenon in which the median age of the population in a country rises significantly
compared to the total population in a country rises significantly compared to the total population. This is caused by any or
combination of the following:
1. A declining birth rate. 4. Increased child survival.
2. Rising life expectancy. 5. Better health.
3. Decreased fertility.
A. 1, 2, 3 and 4. B. 1, 2, 4 and 5. C. 1, 2 and 3 D. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.