What Is Urban Planning
What Is Urban Planning
What Is Urban Planning
CABACABA
ARP 423 – Planning 3
DOLORZO, CYRIL
KAYE D.
BS Architecture
In theory, urban planning is a process of elaborating solutions that aim both to improve
region. As a discipline and as a method of action, urban planning deals with the
processes of production, structuring and appropriation of urban space. In this sense, its
main objective is to point out what measures should be taken to improve the quality of
life of the inhabitants, including matters such as transport, security, access opportunities
In the urban planning process, therefore, problems arising from urbanization are dealt
with, such as pollution, traffic jam, urban voids, ecological impacts, making it essential in
the current context in which much is discussed about the future of cities and the
Strategic urban planning focuses on setting high-level goals and determining desired
areas of growth for a city or metropolitan area. The result of the planning process is
plan. The strategic plan’s goals may include easing transportation throughout the city,
2. Land-Use Planning
On a broad level, these planning instruments deal with the type, location, and amount of
land needed to carry out different functions of the city. They also serve to zone or
condominiums
As with subsequent types of urban planning, consulting with the community and
and incorporate a wide range of interests into the overall plan. If you communicate your
strategic plan well, then transportation, commercial and industrial planning should flow
from scratch.
This type of urban planning envisions a future state for a given space, and what it will
take to achieve that vision. Urban planners must consider the required zoning (from
your land-use plan) and infrastructure (see concept 7 below) to make the project
locations, etc. They must also plan the location of urban amenities such as community
Again, consulting with landowners and government agencies impacted by the plan is an
essential task here. Additionally, you may need to bring in professional consultants to
gather important expertise and insights, ensure the plan considers all potential angles,
and set the completed space up for success for years to come.
4. Urban Revitalization
In contrast to master planning, urban revitalization focuses on improving areas that are
in a state of decline. The exact definition of a declining area will differ from city to city—
for example, areas that have a troubling number of failing businesses or a stagnant or
decreasing population growth. The improvement tactics city leaders use for
revitalization will depend on the root cause of decline, and may include things like
repairing roads, developing infrastructure, cleaning up pollution, and adding to parks
residents and business owners often have insights that can help inform and tailor
planning efforts. You may need to change land use (see concept #2) from industrial to
residential to get the loft apartments you want or involve environmental planning (see
5. Economic Development
prosperity within the city, specifically by enticing companies to build or move offices
there. Subsequently, those companies then hire local talent and drive commuter traffic
to the new office. More workers dining at local restaurants for lunch, getting gas at
nearby gas stations, and stopping by local grocery stores on the way home will boost
plans, master plans, and infrastructure plans to ensure that any development projects
well.
6. Environmental Planning
Environmental planning is a type of strategic development that emphasizes
sustainability. Considerations for this type of urban planning include air pollution, noise
coastal zone erosion, along with a host of other environmental factors dealing with the
plans.
7. Infrastructure Planning
Infrastructure planning deals with the fundamental facilities and systems that serve a
city and its people, and how those facilities can support goals laid out in the strategic
telecommunications
The goal of planning is to guide the development of a city or town so that it furthers the
welfare of its current and future residents by creating convenient, equitable, healthful,
efficient and attractive environments. Most urban planners work in existing communities,
but some help develop communities -- known as new towns, new cities or planned
communities -- from scratch. Either way, urban planners must consider three key
The physical environment: A city's physical environment includes its location, its climate
and its proximity to sources of food and water. Because drinking water is so crucial,
many cities are founded at the head of a river or at the fall line, the point where rivers
descend from the regions of older, harder rocks toward the softer sediments of the
coastal plain. The rapids that often form at the fall line mark ideal locations for towns
and villages to evolve. Coastal cities also have a great advantage in that their
Planners must often consider an area's geologic history to understand the full character
of a city. For example, the physical environment of New York City and the surrounding
region reflects the culmination of a billion years of geologic activity. Over this great span
of time, mountain ranges formed and were worn away. Seaways came and went. Most
recently, episodes of continental glaciation covered the area with ice sheets that
eventually retreated. All of this activity makes New York City what it is today and affects
The social environment: The social environment includes the groups to which a city's
residents belong, the neighborhoods in which they live, the organization of its
workplaces, and the policies created to impose order. One of the biggest issues in most
cities is the inequitable distribution of resources. For example, more than 50 percent of
the population of Mumbai and New Delhi (cities in India) live in slums, while in Lagos
and Nairobi (cities in Africa), more than 60 percent of households aren't connected to
water [source: United Nations Human Settlements Programme]. As a result, the social
environment can be a risk factor for disease and mortality as much as individual risk
factors.
Planners work with local authorities to make sure residents are not excluded from the
The economic environment: All cities work hard to support the retention and expansion
research and development companies, retail businesses, universities, federal labs, local
government, cultural institutions, and departments of tourism all play strong roles in a
small businesses; and nurture, preserve and promote local arts and creative industries
As you can imagine, urban planners must do a great deal of research and analysis to
fully understand how the physical, social and economic aspects of a city interact. Before
The current use of land for residential, business and community purposes
The locations and capacity of streets, highways, airports, water, and sewer
They also gather input from residents, government officials, politicians, business
executives and special groups. Armed with all of this information, planners develop
short- and long-term strategic alternatives for solving problems in a coordinated and
comprehensive manner. They also show how these programs can be carried out and
understanding of the existing urban planning process in a given city. Such a process
should include all phases (see graphic below), steps, stakeholders and their related
development projects.
In most cases the main planning instrument of a city such as the zoning plan or land
use plan needs to be adapted when new projects are being developed. However, it is
important to not only show the final, but official steps also when adapting the zoning
plan. The process map should depict all phases including the early planning steps,
feasibility and master plans, the permitting process and final implementation. It should
also show some decision points or paths during this process for instance criteria for
special procedural steps or competitions. It might also be helpful to develop two process
maps: one for the procedure of new development areas and one for transformation
areas.
The principal phases of an urban planning process are:
5. Operational phase
The following figure shows an example of a “typical” simplified urban planning process
energy criteria, decisions, stakeholders and instruments are needed at what point in the
process. The result would then be an upgraded planning scheme which can be very