DISASTER

READINESS AND
RISK REDUCTION
GRADE 12 –SVF- DRR
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students can:
Discuss properly the key concepts, principles,
A and elements of DRR through class discussion,
recognize the importance of DRR on one’s life
B through class sharing; and
Create comprehensively an action plan for any
C disaster
 Concept of Disaster
Risk Reduction(DRR)
and Disaster Risk
Reduction and
Management (DRRM)
The Fourteenth Philippine Congress passed the Republic Act
10121, or the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
(DRRM) Act of 2010 signed by former Pres. Gloria Macapagal
Arroyo on May 27, 2010. This law strengthens and institutionalizes a
disaster risk reduction and management system at the national,
regional, provincial, and local levels. This addresses the disaster
risks confronted by the Philippines which is the third most disaster-
prone country in the world. In this module, you will understand key
concepts, principles, and elements of DRRM and its importance to
one’s life.
Disaster
Risk
Reduction
 DRR
Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is a term used for reducing
and preventing disaster risks. It is founded on the
principle that while hazards are inevitable, its adverse
effects like lost lives and/or destruction of property are
not. There are steps that we can do to ensure
reduction of risks. DRR actions can be political,
technical, social and economic.
A. DISASTER

– the disruption of a community’s function which

exceeds its ability to cope and recover on its
own. It may involve widespread losses and
impacts whether human, material, economic, or
environmental.
Disasters are often described as a result
of the combination of several things: the
exposure to a hazard; the conditions of
vulnerability that are present; and
insufficient capacity or measures to
reduce or cope with the potential negative
consequences
 RISK
“The word “risk” has two connotations: in general usage
the emphasis is usually placed on the concept of chance
or possibility on an event and its negative consequence,
such as in “the risk of an accident”; whereas in technical
settings the emphasis is usually placed on the
consequences, in terms of “potential losses” for some
particular cause, place and period.
Contd
The term disaster risk, therefore, refers to the potential
(not actual) disaster losses, in lives, health status,
livelihoods, assets and services, which could occur in a
particular community or society over some specified
future time period.
 HAZARDS
“Defined as a “dangerous phenomenon, substance,
human activity or condition that may cause loss of life,
injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of
livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption,
or environmental damage”.
Contd
Hazards can be single, sequential or combined in their
origin and effects. Each hazard is characterized by its
location, intensity, probability and likely frequency.
The hazards of concern to disaster risk reduction are
hazards that arise from a variety of geological,
meteorological, hydrological, oceanic, biological, and
technological sources, sometimes acting in
combination.
4,498,300,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 VULNERABILTY
Defined as the characteristics and circumstances of a
community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the
damaging effects of a hazard. Vulnerability is a set of
prevailing or consequential conditions arising from various
physical, social, economic and environmental factors
which increase the susceptibility of a community to the
impact of hazards
Contd
Vulnerability also comprise various physical, social,
economic, political and environmental factors that
affect the ability of communities to respond to events.
 CAPACITY
Defined as the combination of all the strengths, attributes
and resources available within a community, society or
organization that can be used to achieve agreed goals.
Capacity may include infrastructure and physical means,
institutions, societal coping abilities, as well as human
knowledge, skills and collective attributes such as social
relationships, leadership and management
B. EXPOSURE

the degree to which the elements at risk are likely

to experience hazard events of different
magnitudes.
C. DISASTER RISK

The potential loss in human lives, health status,

livelihood, assets, and services due to the effects
of a disaster.
D. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(DRR)
the concept and practice of analysis and
management of the causes of disasters, through
reducing exposure to hazards, lessening
vulnerability, wise management of the
environment, and improved preparedness for
adverse events, to reduce disaster risks
Disaster risk reduction usually requires long-
term planning across sectors and must be
integrated into general national and regional
development strategies. DRR strategies usually
begin with plans for assessing (a) the hazards
and risks that threaten the target area, (b) the
extent of harm that would occur to communities
and infrastructure, and (c) the vulnerable
people’s capacities to cope with and recover
from possible disasters.
E. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
AND MANAGEMENT (DRRM)
the systematic process of using all available
manpower and resources to implement various
methods to lessen the impacts of hazards and
the likelihood of a disaster.
Principles of DRR and
Management
• Disaster management is the
responsibility of all spheres of
government.

Disaster management should use

resources that exist for a day-to-
day purpose.
• Organizations should function as
an extension of their core business.

Individuals are responsible for their

own safety.

Disaster management planning

should focus on large-scale events
• Disaster management planning
should recognize the difference
between incidents and disasters.

Disaster management operational

arrangements must recognize the
involvement and potential role of
non-government agencies.
Figure 1: Shows the key
elements of DRRR and
Management
 PRE-EVENT
The outright avoidance of adverse impacts of
hazards and related disasters. Prevention expresses
the concept and intention to completely avoid
PREVEN- potential adverse impacts through action taken in
TION advance. Can be in the form of proper land use or
using suitable engineering design. (However,
oftentimes complete avoidance of losses is not
feasible and the task transforms to that of mitigation)
 PRE-EVENT
The lessening or limitation of the adverse impacts of
hazards and related disasters. While the adverse
impacts of hazards often cannot be prevented fully,
MITIGATI their scale or severity can be substantially lessened
ON by various strategies and actions. Mitigation
measures involve a wide range of elements from
engineering techniques to environmental policies and
even public awareness
 PRE-EVENT

The adjustment in natural or human systems in

response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or
their effects, which moderates harm or exploits
ADAPTA
beneficial opportunities. This definition addresses the
TION
concerns of climate change and is sourced from the
secretariat of the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
 PRE-EVENT

The knowledge and capacities developed by

governments, professional response and recovery
PREPAR organizations, communities and individuals to
EDNESS effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from,
the impacts of likely, imminent or current hazard
events or conditions.
 POST-EVENT

The provision of emergency services and public

assistance during or immediately after a disaster in
order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure
RESPON
public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs
SE
of the people affected. Disaster response is
predominantly focused on immediate and short term
needs and is sometimes called “disaster relief”.
 POST-EVENT
The restoration, and improvement where appropriate,
of facilities, livelihoods and living conditions of
disaster-affected communities, including efforts to
reduce disaster risk factors. The recovery task of
RECOVE
rehabilitation and reconstruction begins soon after
RY
the emergency phase has ended, and should be
based on pre-existing strategies and policies that
facilitate clear institutional responsibilities for
recovery action and enable public participation
Four Thematic Areas of Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management
(DRRM)
The four thematic areas of Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management (DRRM) are based
on the National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan (NDRRMP) for 2011 – 2028.
The terminologies and their definitions are
obtained from Republic Act 10121 or the
Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Act of 2010. and the Department
of Education School Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Manual Booklet 1.
Thematic Area 1: Disaster Prevention
and Mitigation
Disaster Prevention includes the measures taken to
avoid the unfavorable impacts of hazards and related
disasters. Disaster Mitigation is the lessening or
limiting the adverse impacts of hazards and related
disasters Overall responsible government agency:
Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
Thematic Area 2: Disaster
Preparedness

It is the knowledge and capacity to effectively foresee,

respond, and recover from the impacts of hazard
events or conditions. Overall responsible government
agency: Department of Interior and Local
Government (DILG)
Thematic Area 3: Disaster Response
This includes the availability of services to assist
affected groups during or immediately after a
disaster, intending to save lives, reduce impacts,
ensure safety, and meet the basic needs of affected
groups. Overall responsible government agency:
Department of Social Welfare and Development
(DSWD).
Thematic Area 4: Disaster Rehabilitation
and Recovery
Rehabilitation refers to the ability of affected communities
to return to their normal functions by increasing their
organizational capacity to restore livelihood and
damaged facilities. Recovery includes the actions and
measures taken after a disaster to rebuild, restore, or
improve the living conditions of the affected community
while reducing the risks of disaster. Overall responsible
government agency: National Economic and
Development Authority (NEDA)
The significant activities under
the 4 thematic areas include:
1) Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

• Early warning systems

• Flood forecasting and monitoring
• Hazard and risk mappings
• Structural and non-structural interventions
2) Disaster Preparedness

• Contingency planning
• Prepositioning and stock-piling
• Capacitating and organizing responders
• Training, drills and exercises
• Pre-Disaster Risk Assessment
3) Disaster Response
• Rapid Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis
(RDANA)
• Issuance of advisories and situation reports
• Activation of Response Clusters and Incident Command
System (ICS)
• Mobilization of responders
• Humanitarian assistance (eg relief distribution)
• Provision of financial assistance
• Management of evacuation centers
4) Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery

• Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA)

• Enhancement of policies and plans
• Reconstruction using the “build back better” approach
• Resettlement
• Provision of new sources of livelihood
Importance of Disaster Risk
Reduction (DRR)
Based on the United Nations
Development Programme (UNDP), the
implementation of disaster risk reduction
enables countries or communities to
target the priorities for actions.
• 1. Identification, assessment, and
monitor disaster risks and improve
early warning systems.

2. The reduction of underlying risk

factors
• 3. Utilization and application of
knowledge, innovation, and
education to establish a culture of
safety and resilience at all levels.
4. To intensify disaster
preparedness for effective
response and recovery at all levels,
from national down to local levels.
Photo
showcase
 PERFORMANCE TASK

Create your action plan in disaster risk

reduction management in this particular
semester.
 PERFORMANCE TASK

Direction:
• Follow the format
• Times New Roman 12
• Short bond paper
Deadline May 2, 2023
 PERFORMANCE TASK
Criteria:
Completeness/Clarity 40

Integration level/ 40
Feasibility
Current/Time bounded 20

Total 100
 Thanks!
Do you have any
questions?

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, and

includes icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik
Alternative resources
Here’s an assortment of alternative resources whose style fits the one of this template:

● Pollution banner set

● Pollution banners set