q1 Module 4 - Iwrbs (Judaism)
q1 Module 4 - Iwrbs (Judaism)
q1 Module 4 - Iwrbs (Judaism)
Introduction to World
Religions and Belief
Systems
Quarter 1– Module 4:
Judaism
Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems – Grade 12 Alternative
Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 4: Judaism First Edition, 2020
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Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Vanesa R. Deleña
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
Fay C. Luarez, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D. Maricel S. Rasid
Adolf P. Aguilar, Ed.D. Elmar L. Cabrera
Nilita L. Ragay, Ed.D.
Carmelita A. Alcala, Ed.D.
Introduction to
World Religions
and Belief
Systems
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Judaism
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the
module.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
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time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.
What’s New
In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
What is It
This section provides a brief discussion of
the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More
This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned
This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do
This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
Assessment
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
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Answer Key
This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
References
This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind
that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful
learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it!
Hi, this is Teacher Tina. We will explore how Judaism, one of the
oldest monotheistic religions in the world was founded, what are
its core teachings, beliefs, practices and some issues related to it.
Are you ready? Then, let’s proceed.
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MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY:
➢ Identify the founders, sacred texts, doctrines, core teaching and related
issues of Judaism
➢ relate a story from the Old Testament that demonstrates the Jewish belief in
one God
➢ show appreciation to other belief systems
What is It
JUDAISM AT A GLANCE
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• Judaism has a rich history of religious text, but the central and most important
religious document is the Torah.
• Jewish traditional or oral law, the interpretation of the laws of the Torah, is called
halakhah.
• Spiritual leaders are called Rabbis.
• Jews worship in Synagogues.
• 6 million Jews were murdered in the Holocaust in an attempt to wipe out
Judaism.
There are many people who identify themselves as Jewish without necessarily
believing in, or observing, any Jewish law.
Judaism is the world’s oldest monotheistic religion, dating back nearly 4,000
years. Followers of Judaism believe in one God who revealed himself through
ancient prophets. The history of Judaism is essential to understanding the Jewish
faith, which has a rich heritage of law, culture, and tradition.
JUDAISM BELIEFS
Jewish people believe there is only one God who has established a
covenant— or special agreement—with them. Their God communicates to
believers through prophets and rewards good deeds while also punishing evil.
Most Jews (with the exception of a few groups) believe that their Messiah
hasn’t yet come—but will one day.
Source: photo-iconhttps://www.alamy.com/stock-of-star-of-david-symbol- -
judaism-religion-sign-125752352.html
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FOUNDER OF JUDAISM
The origins of Jewish faith are explained throughout the Torah. According to
the text, God first revealed himself to a Hebrew man named Abraham, who became
known as the founder of Judaism.
Jews believe that God made a special covenant with Abraham and that he
and his descendants were chosen people who would create a great nation.
Abraham’s son Isaac, and his grandson Jacob, also became central figures
in ancient Jewish history. Jacob took the name Israel, and his children and future
generations became known as Israelites.
More than 1,000 years after Abraham, the prophet Moses led the Israelites
out of Egypt after being enslaved for hundreds of years.
According to scriptures, God revealed his laws, known as the Ten
Commandments, to Moses at Mt. Sinai.
Around 200 A.D., scholars compiled the Mishnah—a text that describes and
explains the Jewish code of law that was previously orally communicated.
Torah
The Jewish sacred text is called the Tanakh or the “Hebrew Bible.” It
includes the same books as the Old Testament in the Christian Bible, but they’re
placed in a slightly different order.
The Torah—the first five books of the Tanakh—outlines laws for Jews to follow.
It’s sometimes also referred to as the Pentateuch.
Talmud
Later, the Talmud, a collection of teachings and commentaries on Jewish
law, was created. The Talmud contains the Mishnah and another text known as the
Gemara (which examines the Mishnah). It includes the interpretations of thousands
of rabbis and outlines the importance of 613 commandments of Jewish law.
The first version of the Talmud was finalized around the 3rd century A.D.
The second form was completed during the 5th century A.D.
Judaism embraces several other written texts and commentaries. One
example is the 13 Articles of Faith, which was written by a Jewish philosopher
named Maimonides.
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https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/the-ten-commandments/
1. I am the Lord your God, who has brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of
the house of bondage.
2. You shall have no other gods beside Me. You shall not make for yourself
any carved idol, or any likeness of anything... you shall not bow down to
them, nor serve them...
3. You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain...
4. Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shall you labor and do
all your work; but the seventh day is a sabbath to God... For in six days God
made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the
seventh day. Therefore, God blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it.
5. Honor your father and your mother...
6. You shall not murder.
7. You shall not commit adultery.
8. You shall not steal.
9. You shall not bear false witness against your fellow.
10. You shall not covet...anything that is your fellow's. Inscribed on two stone
tablets, these commandments present God’s complete and enduring
standard for morality. These include instructions to venerate only one god, to
honor one’s parents, and to observe the Sabbath as a holy day. Meanwhile,
some proscribed acts that are pointed out in the commandments include
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idolatry, infidelity, murder, theft, and deceit. For more than three thousand
years, the Ten Commandments have been embraced by almost two thirds of
the entire world population.
Apart from the Ten Commandments that form the theological basis of other
commandments, there are also 613 mitzvot or laws found within the Torah (as
identified by Rambam) that guide the Jewish people in their daily living.
Traditionally, there are 248 positive and 365 negative commandments within the
Torah (Parrinder 1971). These include laws about the family, personal hygiene,
diet, as well as duties and responsibilities to the community.
Shabbat
Shabbat (or Sabbath) is recognized as a day of rest and prayer for Jews. It
typically begins at sunset on Friday and lasts until nightfall on Saturday.
Observing Shabbat can take many forms, depending on the type of Judaism
that a Jewish family may follow. Orthodox and Conservative Jews, for example,
may refrain from performing any physical labor, using any electrical device or other
prohibited activities.
Most observant Jews celebrate Shabbat by reading or discussing the Torah,
attending a synagogue or socializing with other Jews at Shabbat meals.
SUBDIVISIONS/ SECTS
Within Judaism are three present day movements that emerged in response
to the modern and secular culture of Europe and America. These are Reform,
Orthodox, and Conservative Judaism. Two other smaller sects, namely Hasidism
and Kabbalah, are mystical approaches to the Jewish religion that emphasize
spiritual experiences over rational knowledge.
Orthodox Judaism is the most traditional of modern Judaism that adheres to
the authority of the entire Torah as given to Moses by God at Mount Sinai. The
Torah is the sole authority that must be strictly followed until the present time. As it
considers itself the sole and genuine heir to the Jewish tradition, it rejects all other
Jewish movements as undesirable deviations from the original Jewish religion.
Reform Judaism (Liberal or Progressive Judaism) is considered the most
liberal expression of Judaism that subjects religious laws and customs to human
judgment. To a certain extent, it developed due to internal changes in Judaism as
well as other factors operating within society. Members of this denomination sought
to adhere to the original teachings of Judaism while allowing some changes in their
traditions. For example, services were permitted to be conducted in mixed Hebrew
and English, no longer conducted solely in the Hebrew language. Moreover,
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women were also accorded equality in terms of sitting together with men in
synagogues and allowing them to become rabbis unlike in other denominations.
Largely developed in the 20th century, Conservative Judaism seeks to
conserve the traditional elements of Judaism while at the same time allowing for
modernization that is less radical than Reform Judaism. The application of new
historical methods of study in the light of contemporary knowledge but within the
limits of Jewish law may be applied to safeguard Jewish traditions. Gradual change
in law and practice is allowed only if such occurrence is in harmony with Jewish
traditions. Because Conservative Judaism falls halfway between the two other
major Jewish denominations, it is sometimes described as traditional Judaism
without fundamentalism.
Hasidism or Hasidic Judaism emerged in Germany during the twelfth
century. It was largely a spiritual movement that gives prime importance to
asceticism and experience as a result of love and humility before God.
Lastly, Kabbalah is another mystical form of Judaism that attempts to
penetrate deeper into God’s essence itself. While Kabbalists believe that God
moves in mysterious ways, they also hold that genuine knowledge and
understanding of that inner process is achievable.
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Anti-Semitism
The term anti-Semitism pertains to hostility towards and discrimination
against the Jewish people that was strongly felt in France, Germany, Poland, and
Russia in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The term was popularized in
Germany around 1870s. The most common manifestations of anti-Semitism were
the many violent riots or pogroms undertaken against the Jews. The planned
extermination of the entire Jewish race during the time of the holocaust was the
most extreme form of anti-Semitism. Other forms of anti-Semitic activities include
the persecution and massacre of Jews throughout history.
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References
BOOK
Jose, Mary Dorothy dL. and Jerome Ong. Introduction to World Religions and
Belief Systems Textbook. Quezon City: Vibal Group Inc., Haus of Serah Printing
and Trading Corp, 2016.
TEACHERS GUIDE
Most Essential Learning Competencies
INTERNET SOURCES/PICTURES
https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/the-ten-commandments/
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-icon-of-star-of-david-symbol-judaism-
religionsign-125752352.html
https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/the-ten-commandments/
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https://www.haikudeck.com/world-religion-education-
presentationuCJYJuQdM9#slide27
https://fr.dreamstime.com/photographie-stock-relevé-torah-synagogueimage2951922
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-icon-of-star-of-david-symbol-judaism-
religionsign-125752352.html
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/249246160635055648/
https://image.shutterstock.com/image-photo/image-450w-759492115.jpg
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