Good Governance and Social Responsibility

Good Governance and Social
Responsibility
Jenine C. Carpio, JD
BASIC CONCEPTS OF
GOOD GOVERNANCE
AND
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
What is governance?
Governance
• synonymous to development management
• strict adherence to the rule of law
• reinventing of public administration, on those developing countries that are
open to the needs of globalization
Governance and Government
• came from the French word “gouvernance” : the act or the manner of the
government
• mid-16th century, system by which something is governed
• 18th century, governing authority
• 19th century, used as political term
What is good governance?
Good Governance
• transparent and equitable delivery of goods and services as well as policy
making by means of exercising authority
• well-managed and well-allocated resources to provide the needs to the
collective problems of people
• denotes as an approach in both private and public sector organizations
What are the basic elements of
good governance?
Basic elements of good governance?
• Rule of law
• Transparency
• Responsiveness
• Consensus Oriented
• Equity and Inclusiveness
• Effectiveness and Efficiency
• Accountability
• Participation
How will you define ethics?
Ethics
• directing human conduct using the standards of right and wrong that tells
people what must be done based on rights, obligations, benefits to society,
fairness or specific virtues
How will you define values?
Values
• individual’s judgment or standard of behavior
How will you define morals?
Morals
• individual characteristics that can affect an individual’s ethics
• rules people develop as a result of cultural forms and values and are,
traditionally what employees learn from their childhood, culture and etc.
Individual Influences on Ethical Behavior
Individual Factors Situational Factors
➢ Stages of moral development ➢ Issue-related
➢ Personal values and morals ➢ Moral Intensity
➢ Family Influences ➢ Moral Framing
➢ Peer Influences ➢ Context Related
➢ Life Experiences
➢ Social Norms
➢ Religious Beliefs
➢ Upbringing
➢ Laws
Individual Factors
➢ Stages of moral development – the process wherein children are able to develop their
right attitudes and behaviors on hoe to treat other people in the society founded
social and culture norms, rules and laws.
➢ Personal values and morals – the ethical standards of people are influenced also by
their individual values and morals.
➢Internal Locus of Control
➢External Locus of Control
➢ Family Influences – starts from the family
➢ Peer Influences – individual’s decisions in life are influenced by the behavior and
attitudes of peers.
➢ Life Experiences – it helps individuals discover possible bases of moral obligations
that consists of God, Human reason, or the goal to be happy.
Individual Factors
➢ Social Norms – through local customs and traditions in a certain culture.
➢ Religious Beliefs – most faith believes in life beyond death.
➢ Upbringing – a person’s upbringing defines his ethical behavior
➢ Laws – laws and a person abiding by them, are ethically influenctial.
Situational Factors
➢ Issue – Related - the importance of the decision to the decision maker
➢ Moral Intensity - is the amount that people observe an issue as ethical one.
Sample Situation:
A promised B to provide coaching prior to an approaching test, but C (another friend
of A) is in the midst of an emotional disturbing situation is also seeking guidance.
In this case, the process of deciding who to prioritize between the two challenging
ethical demands, moral intensity is a big factor. The urgency of the problem being
faced, the time element needed to provide the help and the comparative ethical
sensibilities are part of moral intensity.
Situational Factors
Influences on moral intensity includes the following:
1. Magnitude of Consequences – the sum of the harm or benefits that could be
impacted as the consequence of a given action.
2. Social Consensus – the degree that members of a society approve that an act is
good or bad and the possibility of effect is the increase and decrease of moral
intensity based on how likely people consider the results are.
3. Temporal immediacy – the distance between the time and actions happens and the
start of consequences or the soonest the result of any effect are likely to take place.
4. Proximity – the emotional intimacy the decision-makers feels to those disturbed by
the decision.
5. Concentration of effect – whether the effect is focused on a few people or may
affect a lot people in a small extent.
Situational Factors
➢ Moral Framing - frame of reference or point of view : the way people look at a
given situation. The use of moral words helps in framing because they lead to ethical
decision making.
➢Moral muteness - takes place due to some concerns on perceived threats to
harmony, efficiency and image of power and effectiveness.
➢Context related - sometimes ethics take into consideration the particular background of an
act when evaluating it whether right or wrong, rather than judging it based on absolute
moral standards.
▪ Rewards
▪ Authority
▪ Bureaucracy
▪ Work Roles
▪ Organizational Cultures
▪ National Context
Code of ethics
Code of Ethics
• it govern decision-making when confronted with ethical dilemmas or
questionable issues
• value statement of a company designed to assist professionals in running a
business fairly and with integrity
• this may include areas like business ethics, a code of professional practice and
employee code of conduct
Example/s:
1. Employee Code of Conduct - framework of policies founded on laws and
values that company requires all employees to follow to.
2. Confidentiality and Privacy Policies – to handle properly customer’s private
information, employees need to be required to preserve confidentiality as an
ethical practice.
3. Professional Appearances policies – dress code or dress policy
4. Promoting green business practices – promoting green and being
environment friendly is also a sound business practice
5. Obeying the Law –complying and abiding the law is a mandatory ethical
practice
6. Caring and Consideration Policies – businesses must not allow their
consumers to feel that they are just after profit.
KEY COMPONENTS OF CODE OF ETHICS IN BUSINESS
1. Legal Issues
2. Compliance and Regulations
3. Value Based Components
4. Violations of the Code of Ethics
Code of Ethics Categories
• Compliance-Based Code of Ethics
- specific rules and distinct consequences instead of individual observing
of personal behavior.
• Value-Based Code of Ethics
- addresses a company’s core value system
- greater degree of self regulation rather than compliance based codes
Code of Conduct
Code of Conduct
A great code of conduct is:
1. Written for the eader

2. Comprehensive
3. Supported by leadership
4. Accesible
5. Visually Appealing

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