UNIT 10.

ENERGY SOURCES
A. VOCABULARY
I. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. ____________ source of energy is the source that can’t be replaced after use.
A. Renewable B. Natural C. Effective D. Non-renewable
2. If everyone ____________ fossil fuels, they will quickly run out.
A. protects B. wastes C. consumes D. saves
3. Non-renewable energy sources will run out because they are ____________.
A. helpful B. limited C. harmful D. Unlimited
4. Solar energy is a green, clean, and ____________ energy source.
A. polluting B. non-renewable C. renewable D. recyclable
5. Nuclear energy is not ____________ and it is not green because of radioactive waste.
A. safe B. dangerous C. polluted D. cheap
6. Hydro power is the most efficient way to ____________ electricity in many countries.
A. create B. waste C. generate D. turn
7. Renewable energy sources are better for the environment and they will not ____________.
A. run out B. rely on C. turn off D. put on
8. I can ____________ much energy by turning off the TV when not watching it.
A. use B. make C. spend D. save
9. Instead of using electricity to make wind - like a fan - wind turbines use ____________ to make
electricity.
A. oil B. solar C. wind D. water
10. Do your parents ____________ coal as well as wood to make a fire for cooking?
A. burn B. heat C. reserve D. produce

B. GRAMMAR
I. Put the verbs in the brackets into the present continuous.
1. The activists __________ (do) to drive a green energy revolution at present.
2. Lots of students __________ (study) energy sectors in the United States now.
3. Current cycle of global warming __________ (change) the rhythms of climate.
4. Our company __________ (introduce) environmentally friendly devices this week.
5. Technicians __________ (replace) the building’s old solar panels at the moment.
6. In other parts of the world, clean energy sources __________ (take) off.
7. Shell group __________ (develop) principles for sustainable fuel production?
8. Economic organisations __________ (not talk) about the petroleum price today.
9. Mining, drilling and burning dirty energy __________ (harm) the planet.
10. Some schools __________ (produce) renewable electricity on their own campuses.
II. Put the verbs in the brackets into the present continuous or the present simple.
1. The Sun __________ (be) the main source of energy on Earth.
2. How many types of energy __________ (humans, use) at present?
3. My father __________ (replace) the old bulbs in my room at the moment.
4. It __________ (take) billions of lifetimes for new fossil fuels to form.
5. At the current time, many families __________ (look) for ways to use less energy.
6. We __________ (discuss) about the advantages of some energy sources now.
7. Today, governments __________ (face) multiple challenges of energy security.
8. __________ (you, visit) the biggest hydropower dam in the country at the moment?
9. Nowadays, critical changes __________ (take) place in the global energy system.
10. We'll choose electric vehicles if they __________ (be) more convenient and cheaper.
III. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. Solar generation __________ up only 3.3 % of total U.S. generation in 2020.
A. made B. makes C. is making D. will make
2. Energy __________ from different forms and essential for everything we do.
A. comes - is B. come - be C. came - was D. come – are
3. Trees __________ in carbon dioxide and it in their trunks.
A. breathes - store B. breathe - store C. breathe - stores D. breathe – stored
4. The Greeks __________ water wheels to grind wheat more than 2,000 years ago.
A. use B. uses C. used D. are using
5. Nowadays, renewable energies __________ on a very important role in the heating market.
A. took B. takes C. is taking D. are taking
6. Many countries in the world __________ wind power on a commercial basis today.
A. used B. will use C. are using D. uses
7. Now automakers __________ fuels cells that extract hydrogen from gasoline.
A. developed B. develops C. are developing D. will develop
8. In the old days, humans __________ on the sun and wood for heat.
A. rely B. relies C. are relying D. relied
9. Hydroelectric, wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy __________ all limitless.
A. is B. are C. will be D. was
10. Today, the world's resources __________ at an extremely fast rate.
A. are depleting B. depletes C. depleted D. is depleting
IV. Choose the word or phrase that needs correction.
1. Fossil fuels are (A) useful and inconvenient (B), but (C) they pollute (D) the air.
2. Scientists and engineers (A) are using energy from (B)the wind to (C) generate electrical (D).
3. We are look (A) for more (B)natural resources such as (C) wind and solar (D) energy.
4. Coal, natural gas (A) and oil are (B)fossil fuels, and it is (C) non-renewable (D).
5. In (A) the early 1800s, American and European (B) factories use (C) water as a source of energy (D).
6. People develop (A) ways of using (B) biomass as (C) an alternative (D) to fossil fuels now.
7. New technology can make (A) solar panels to able (B) to generate (C) electricity on cloudy (D) days.
8. Energy from (A) renewable resources puts (B) less (C) strain on the limitless (D) supply of fossil fuels.
9. About ago two centuries (A), biomass in (B) the form of wood was (C) the major (D) source of energy.
10. Today, new technologies are producing (A) ethanol to (B) trees, grasses (C), and crop (D) waste.

C. READING
I. Read the passage and decide whether the statements are TRUE or FALSE.
Wind is moving air. We can use the energy in wind to do work. Early Egyptians used the wind to
sail ships on the Nile River. People still use wind to move them in sailboats. In the Netherlands, people
used windmills to grind wheat. The Pilgrims used windmills to grind corn, to pump water, and to run
sawmills. Today, we use wind to make electricity.
 The energy in wind comes from the sun. When the sun shines, it heats the Earth. Some parts of
the Earth get hotter than others. An area where land and water meets is a good example. Land usually
absorbs and releases energy more quickly than water. The air over the land gets hotter than the air
over the water. The warm air rises and cooler air rushes in to take its place. The moving air is wind.
As long as the sun shines, there will be winds on the Earth. We will never run out of wind energy.
It is a renewable energy source. It is also free, since no one can own the sun or the air.
1. Wind energy was used a long time ago. __________
2. People don't use wind to sail boats any more. __________
3. Windmills were used to grind corn in the Netherlands. __________
4. The Pilgrims used windmills to run sawmills. __________
5. Land usually absorbs and releases energy more quickly than water, but the air over the water gets
hotter than the air over the land. __________
6. Wind is formed when the warm air rises and takes cooler air's place. __________
7. We won't run out of wind energy as long as the sun shines. __________
8. Wind is a free and renewable source of energy. __________

D. WRITING
I. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one.
1. It’s good if children do something to save energy at home.
à Children should
2. They will probably buy devices that run on electricity.
à They might
3. Hydropower is larger than any other renewable energy source for electricity.
à Hydropower is
4. It is necessary for US to reduce the fossil fuel consumption to save the environment.
à We must
5. In the past people didn’t use as much renewable energy as they do now.
à Now people use
6. My brother is interested in riding an electric motorbike to school.
à My brother likes
7. Although Eric is a child, he knows how to use water efficiently.