CN Material
CN Material
CN Material
A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables the computer to
communicate with another computer and share their resources, data, and applications.
A computer network can be categorized by their size. A computer network is mainly of four
types:
Wired Personal Area Network: Wired Personal Area Network is created by using the USB.
Geographical area: A Wide Area Network provides a large geographical area. Suppose if
the branch of our office is in a different city then we can connect with them through
WAN. The internet provides a leased line through which we can connect with another
branch.
Centralized data: In case of WAN network, data is centralized. Therefore, we do not
need to buy the emails, files or back up servers.
Get updated files: Software companies work on the live server. Therefore, the
programmers get the updated files within seconds.
Exchange messages: In a WAN network, messages are transmitted fast. The web
application like Facebook, Whatsapp, Skype allows you to communicate with friends.
Sharing of software and resources: In WAN network, we can share the software and
other resources like a hard drive, RAM.
Global business: We can do the business over the internet globally.
High bandwidth: If we use the leased lines for our company then this gives the high
bandwidth. The high bandwidth increases the data transfer rate which in turn increases
the productivity of our company.
Security issue: A WAN network has more security issues as compared to LAN and MAN
network as all the technologies are combined together that creates the security
problem.
Needs Firewall & antivirus software: The data is transferred on the internet which can
be changed or hacked by the hackers, so the firewall needs to be used. Some people can
inject the virus in our system so antivirus is needed to protect from such a virus.
High Setup cost: An installation cost of the WAN network is high as it involves the
purchasing of routers, switches.
Troubleshooting problems: It covers a large area so fixing the problem is difficult.
Internetwork
An internetwork is defined as two or more computer network LANs or WAN or
computer network segments are connected using devices, and they are configured by a
local addressing scheme. This process is known as internetworking.
An interconnection between public, private, commercial, industrial, or government
computer networks can also be defined as internetworking.
An internetworking uses the internet protocol.
The reference model used for internetworking is Open System Interconnection(OSI).
Types Of Internetwork:
1. Extranet: An extranet is a communication network based on the internet protocol such as
Transmission Control protocol and internet protocol. It is used for information sharing. The
access to the extranet is restricted to only those users who have login credentials. An extranet
is the lowest level of internetworking. It can be categorized as MAN, WAN or other computer
networks. An extranet cannot have a single LAN, atleast it must have one connection to the
external network.
2. Intranet: An intranet is a private network based on the internet protocol such as
Transmission Control protocol and internet protocol. An intranet belongs to an organization
which is only accessible by the organization's employee or members. The main aim of the
intranet is to share the information and resources among the organization employees. An
intranet provides the facility to work in groups and for teleconferences.
Intranet advantages:
Communication: It provides a cheap and easy communication. An employee of the
organization can communicate with another employee through email, chat.
Time-saving: Information on the intranet is shared in real time, so it is time-saving.
Collaboration: Collaboration is one of the most important advantage of the intranet.
The information is distributed among the employees of the organization and can only be
accessed by the authorized user.
Platform independency: It is a neutral architecture as the computer can be connected
to another device with different architecture.
Cost effective: People can see the data and documents by using the browser and
distributes the duplicate copies over the intranet. This leads to a reduction in the cost.