Acmp 101 Ass 4
Acmp 101 Ass 4
Acmp 101 Ass 4
TASK: ASSIGNMENT
LECTURER: DR.CYPRIAN
PHONE NO:0712576403
1. Using examples describe the different kinds of networks that exist. (20 marks)
A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables the
computer to communicate with another computer and share their resources, data, and
applications.A computer network can be categorized by their size. A computer
network is mainly of four types
Wired Personal Area Network: Wired Personal Area Network is created by using the
USB.
o A Wide Area Network is a network that extends over a large geographical area
such as states or countries.
o A Wide Area Network is quite bigger network than the LAN.
o A Wide Area Network is not limited to a single location, but it spans over a large
geographical area through a telephone line, fibre optic cable or satellite links.
o The internet is one of the biggest WAN in the world.
o A Wide Area Network is widely used in the field of Business, government, and
education.
o Security issue: A WAN network has more security issues as compared to LAN
and MAN network as all the technologies are combined together that creates the
security problem.
o Needs Firewall & antivirus software: The data is transferred on the internet
which can be changed or hacked by the hackers, so the firewall needs to be used.
Some people can inject the virus in our system so antivirus is needed to protect
from such a virus.
o High Setup cost: An installation cost of the WAN network is high as it involves
the purchasing of routers, switches.
o Troubleshooting problems: It covers a large area so fixing the problem is
difficult.
2. Describe using examples, the key elements of computer networks. (20 marks)
These are objects basically used in computer network Elements. There are basically 4
computer networking elements:
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Transmission medium (wired or wireless)
4. Protocols
Network software
1.Hardware
The backbone of any network is the hardware that runs it. Network hardware includes
network cards, routers or network switches, modems and Ethernet repeaters. Without
this hardware, computers have no means of accessing a network. Network cards give
computers direct access to network media and enable them to connect to other
equipment, including routers, switches, modems and repeaters. Routers or switches
allow a single network connection from a modem to be divided between several
computers. Repeater refresh the network signal between Ethernet cable segments,
allowing Category 5 cables to reach beyond their 300-foot maximum length without
signal loss.
2.Software
In order for the hardware to interact with the network, it needs software to issue
commands. The primary form of networking software is protocols -- software that
instructs network devices on how to connect to the network and how to interact with
one another. Other examples of networking software include connection monitoring
software, networking clients and other tools designed to further facilitate your
computer's ability to connect to the network.
3. Transmission medium:
The means through which we send our data from one place to another is known as
Transmission medium.
Signals are used to represent data by computers and other telecommunication devices.
The signals (i.e., data or information) are transmitted in the form of electromagnetic
energy from one device to another. These signals travel through vacuum, air or other
transmission mediums to move from one point to another (from sender to receiver).
Transmission medium is of two types:
(i) Wired or Guided: For example, Twisted Pair Cable , Coaxial Cable and Optical
Fibre Cable.
(i) Wireless or Unguided: For example, Radiowaves , Microwaves and Infrared.
4. Protocols:
There are some defined rules and conventions for communication between network
devices.
These are called Protocols. Network protocols include mechanisms for devices to
identify and make connections with each other, as well as formatting rules that specify
how data is packaged into sent and received messages.
Protocols may be of 3 types:
1. Internet Protocols
2. Wireless Network Protocols
3. Network Routing Protocols
Network Software:
Network software is a foundational element for any network. This type of software helps
administrators deploy, manage and monitor a network. The traditional networks are
made up of specialized hardware, such as routers and switches, that bundle the
networking software into the solution.
Such type of software encompass a broad range of software used for design,
implementation, and operation and monitoring of computer networks. Traditional
networks were hardware based with software embedded. When the software like
Defined Networking (SDN) emerged , software is separated from the hardware thus
making it more adaptable to the ever-changing nature of the computer network.
3.Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of various network media that exist. (20
marks
Strengths of Network:
Files can be stored on a central node (the file server) that can be shared and made
available to each and every user in an organization.
Since an extensive procedure is disintegrated into a few littler procedures and each is
taken care of by all the associated gadgets, an explicit issue can be settled in lesser time.
4. Reliability –
Reliability implies backing up of information. Due to some reason equipment crash, and
so on, the information gets undermined or inaccessible on one PC, another duplicate of
similar information is accessible on another workstation for future use, which prompts
smooth working and further handling without interruption.
5. It is highly flexible –
This innovation is known to be truly adaptable, as it offers clients the chance to
investigate everything about fundamental things, for example, programming without
influencing their usefulness.
Security and protection of information is additionally settled through system. As just the
system clients are approved to get to specific records or applications, no other
individual can crack the protection or security of information.
Since you will share data, records and assets to other individuals, you need to guarantee
all information and substance are legitimately put away in the framework. With this
systems administration innovation, you can do the majority of this with no issue, while
having all the space you requirement for capacity.
weaknesses of Network:
1. It lacks robustness –
If a PC system’s principle server separates, the whole framework would end up futile.
Also, if it has a bridging device or a central linking server that fails, the entire network
would also come to a standstill. To manage these issues, gigantic systems ought to have
a ground-breaking PC to fill in as document server to influence setting to up and
keeping up the system less demanding.
2. It lacks independence –
On the off chance that even one PC on a system gets contaminated with an infection,
there is a possibility for alternate frameworks to get tainted as well. Infections can
spread on a system effectively, in view of the between availability of different gadgets.4.
Lack of Independence
4. Cost of network –
The expense of executing the system including cabling and equipment can be
expensive.