The Problem and Its Background: (David, 2011)
The Problem and Its Background: (David, 2011)
The Problem and Its Background: (David, 2011)
Chapter 1
Introduction
Ever since mankind first began building structures out of wood rather than stone,
fire has been a part of the learning process. In fact, so common have these infernos been
throughout history that nearly every major city in the world has been largely burnt to the
ground at one time or another in its history. Some, in fact, have burned repeatedly. For
example, Constantinople was burned no fewer than five times between 406 and 1204
only to be, like a damaged anthill, rebuilt each time, thereby setting the stage for the next
great inferno. Many times these fires are man-made results of war, but most of the time
nature combined with poor construction techniques, the extensive use of flammable
building materials, and the utter lack of any ability to fight really large blazes were the
Fire protection is one of the primary community services provided by most local
department. One of the basic activities carried out by these departments is fire prevention.
The prevention of fires can result from many factors other than fire department efforts.
However, as being used here, fire prevention is the set of activities performed by fire
department personnel for the purpose of preventing the occurrence of fires and reducing
the potential seriousness of fires. Typical fire prevention activities include building
inspections and education of public and private groups. These activities are usually the
Bureau." Many cities maintain fairly large fire prevention groups or bureaus. While
some of these groups are organized and operate differently, most conduct the basic fire
prevention activities of building inspections and prevention education for the public. In
doing so, they are faced with similar decisions in planning and carrying out these
operations. Such problems include how often to conduct building inspections, which
buildings to assign to each available inspector, and how to allocate man-hours between
inspection activities and public education activities. These and other similar decisions
Many countries around the world are experiencing fire incidents. On May 25
1961, which happened to be Hari Raya Haji, the biggest outbreak of fire in Singapore
occurred in the squatter settlement in the Bukit Ho Swee area. A combination of factors
such as strong winds, oil and petrol from the nearby go downs transformed the fire that
had started at 3:30 pm in Kampong Tiong Bauru into a raging inferno. The conflagration
peaked 8:00 pm with 22 fire engines deployed to the scene. The fire was finally contained
near a razed Delta Circus. Although the casualty count amounted to four, the destruction
caused was massive. An area of about 100 acres (about 0.4 sq. km) consisting of school, a
coffee mill, two oil mills, two junk shops, two tire shops, three timber yards and three
workshops were destroyed in the disaster. A total number of 2,833 families comprising
Another fire incident happened in Toronto, Ontario Canada, On June 24, 1980 a
fire occurred shortly after 3:45 a.m., destroying an 88-year-old house used as the
3
headquarters of the Communist Party of Canada in Toronto on Cecil St. The Ontario Fire
Marshal thought the fire was deliberately set. Two men were overheard talking behind
the building, and shortly after they ran away, a witness heard a sound resembling a
firecracker. The roof subsequently caught fire, and spread of the roof of a neighboring
house. No injuries occurred as a result of the fire, however damages were estimated at
In the history of the 3 worst fire incidents in the Philippines, 1 out of the 3 fire
disasters happened in the month of March. March is fire prevention month where the
government is taking initiatives to inform the public of the real dangers from possible fire
public fire drills and talks, raising public awareness on the issue of fire prevention is a
For these year, the Bureau of Fire Protection of BFP started promoting fire safety
household members hot to use a fire extinguisher and shares safety tips information. The
Fire Prevention Month is yearly activity observed for over 5 decades now under the
The number of fires last 2015 reached a record high of 17,138 fire incidents in the
Philippines. With about 16.7% of these fire incidents took placed in the month of March
according to Bureau of Fire Protection. As of the moment, there were already 2,571 fire
incidents in the Philippines just for the month of February with over 600 fires in the
National Capital Region. Mean while during New Year’s Eve celebration, more than
4
1,000 homes blazed into flames. On January 1, 2016 some 3,000 families were displaced
by fire incidents in Metro Manila alone with firecrackers as the major culprit. Recalling
the major fire incidents in the Philippines, the fire tragedies mentioned below were the
In Tarlac City, the Camp Servillano Aquino of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines’ Northern Luzon Command some part was exploded, then massive fire hit the
February 7, 2017. At around 13:30 pm according to Nolcom Spokesman the fire out was
declared before midnight. There was no immediate estimate of damage. The Provincial
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (PDRRMC), the Bureau of Fire
Protection (BFP), and Chinese Volunteer Fire Brigade of Tarlac City assisted in putting
an agency of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) responsible
for implementing national policies related to firefighting and fire prevention as well as
implementation of the Philippine Fire Code (Presidential Decree No.1185) which has
been repealed and replaced by the New Fire Code of the Philippines (Republic Act
No.9514).
Republic Act (RA) 6975 otherwise known as the Department of Interior and
Local Government (DILG) Act of 1990, an act where the bureau of Fire Protection is
thereby created in 1991 initially consisting of the existing under Presidential Decree (PD)
5
No. 765. Every August of in a year from then onward, Bureau of Fire Protection
The Republic Act (RA) 9514 also known as the Fire Code of the Philippines of
Presidential Decree No. 1185 and for other purposes. Memorandum Circular No. 2011-05
intensifying fire safety enforcement in the Bureau of Fire Protection and institutionalizing
concerned BFP personnel in the inspection and issuance of fire safety inspection
(SOP) in the preparation and issuance of inspection order, after inspection report and
This study determined and analyzed the Fire Prevention Program and Action Plan of
the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac.
3. What are the problems encountered by the BFP in Conducting Fire Prevention
Department of Interior and Local Government.The findings of the study will give
them valid and reliable information as to the need of the BFP San Sebastian, Tarlac in
terms of facilities and equipment for an efficient and effective service on fire
BFP Firefighters.The findings of the study will help them assess the effectiveness and
Criminology Professor/Instructor. this study will help them on their future discussion
about related to this topic. It can also use as a reference on creating awareness on the part
Criminology Students. the findings of the study will help them in their future research
which is related to this topic. It will also help them to become knowledgeable about fire
Researchers.this study will serve as a basis or reference for future studies regarding the
Community.the result of this study will create awareness on the part of the people in
Definition of Terms
The following terms are defined conceptually and operationally to understand the
Awareness. The knowledge and understanding of the BFP Personnel and Community
the program that something is happening or exists.
Barangay Ugnayan Program. Refers to the activity by the BFP to discuss the safety
BFP Firefighters. A person who fight these fires and prevents distraction of life,
Community. Refers to the people who live in selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac
Fire. Refers to a chemical reaction which takes place that causes fire outbreak that
Fire Prevention. Measures and practices directed toward the prevention and
suppression of destructive fires.
CHAPTER 2
Thee review of related literature and studies about the Bureau of Fire Protection,
the different of fire prevention programs of the BFP Tarlac City in Selected Barangays,
Tarlac City, Tarlac which provided relevant information and reference for the discussion
Related Literature
Foreign
According to Brent Hagel (2006), in his study he intended to determine the impact of
a community based fire prevention intervention directed only to parents on the fire safety
knowledge and behavior in elementary school children. This was a prospective, quasi-
randomized controlled study in which third and fourth grade students from two
The intervention group received an in-home visit from fire department personnel who
installed free lithium smoke detectors and provided a fire escape plan. After accounting
for a small difference in baseline summary scores of knowledge and behavior between
the control and intervention groups, this study found a modest improvement in fire safety
behavior among children whose families received a fire prevention intervention reflecting
a change in household fire safety practices. However, there was no significant change in
utmost importance. Fire resulting from students' hostels can cause devastating effects if
appropriate fire safety management measures are not put in place. This study presents the
fire safety awareness and management in multi-storey hostels around the Kwame
Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) campus. Data obtained from
the study was analyzed by mean score rankings and percentages. The findings of the
study, showed that majority of the respondents do not attach seriousness to the issue of
fire safety in the various hostels surveyed, as such, fire safety awareness and management
is low among most of the hostel occupants. The results further showed that 'storage of
flammable materials in safe areas', 'provision of clear signage indicating exit routes and
could control the outbreak of fire in the hostels. Although this study focuses on multi-
storey students' hostels around KNUST campus, the findings should be relevant to other
hostels located within and around the campuses of other universities in Ghana.
Fire normally takes place without any warning. When this happens, building
occupantsare restricted in the amount of time they have to either extinguish the fire or to
escape(Salleh and Ahmad, 2009). According to Spadaccini (1998), when fire is not
effectivelycontrolled people may suffer injuries and at times death. There is also
things. As aresult of this, it is always advisable that proper fire safety management
The purpose of the study was to assess the state of fire prevention research, provide
an updated synthesis of evaluated fire prevention programs, and discuss the role of fire
fighters and data systems in prevention efforts. The review included all evaluations of
U.S. based fire prevention interventions published between January 1998 and September
2004 and any earlier articles about U.S. fire prevention interventions not included in two
prior review articles. We retrieved information from each identified study including
evaluation findings, involvement of fire service personnel and use of existing data
systems. We identified twelve articles: seven reported on smoke alarm interventions,
three on multi-faceted programs, and two other programs. Five programs involved fire
service personnel in the design, implementation, and/or evaluation, and three used
existing data systems. Studies reviewed suggest that canvassing and smoke alarm
installations are the most effective means of distributing alarms and increasing the
functional status of distributed alarms. The functionality of smoke alarms, an issue noted
in earlier reviews, remains a problem. Programs involving partnerships with fire
departments have indicated success in preventing fires and deaths, improving smoke
alarm ownership and functional status, and improving children fire safety knowledge.
Using existing data systems to target and to evaluate interventions was effective. In the
years since prior reviews, some improvements in the rigor of evaluation designs have
been made, but there is still a need for high quality evaluations that will inform fire injury
prevention efforts. U.S. Fire fighters(2006).
Local
The bureau of fire protection was created by virtue of R.A. 6975 this bureau is
under the Department of Interior and Local Government. It adheres to the principles of
11
promoting fire safety, prevention, suppression and the investigation of fire occurrence,
insuring provision of emergency, medical and rescue services and enhancing the active
According to the manual of the BFP fires 2001, the BFP shall develop efficient
and honesty, respect to human rights and concern to the protection of lives, property,
Fire accidents always happen with a cause. The common cause of fire is
managed or defective heating facilities, spontaneous combustion arising from the storage
of articles in poorly ventilated places, explosion from petroleum products, sunrays focus
on glasses which may serve as a convex lens and lightings spark, overheating and
Rule 9 of P.D. 1185 provides the general guidelines for the organization, equipage,
Aside from the BFP firefighters, there are private companies and individuals who
is based in the companies in the localities for immediate action whenever there are
outbreaks of fire. With this, fire is suppressed immediately if the outbreak is on small
scale, but if the outbreak is large then the BFP is always ready to perform their duties.
Fire brigades are also equipped with firefighting equipment and fire brigade volunteers
Related Studies
Foreign
particular fire depends on four basic factors: the equipment used, the number of men used
(and their level of proficiency), the time the activity is begun, and the extent of other
the dawn of the New Millennium “American fire death statistic are among the highest in
the industrial world, and this is unacceptable. The problem is that the fire service’s
priority should be put on the fire prevention and public education programs. The purpose
was to evaluate the priority of fire prevention and public education programs in the
Armstrong (2004), in the thesis entitled “Leadership Development for the Fire
Service”, the study focused on the issue of leadership development within the fire service
and to identify strategies to better prepare individuals for when they assumed leadership
roles. The study results indicate that firefighters will embrace new strategies so that they
may become proficient leaders. It also indicates that there is a need for more
comprehensive leadership development and also willingness of those within the fire to
Santoyo (2015) in his thesis entitled “Fire Prevention in Los Angeles Country:” A
Survey of the Method and strategies used in the Wild Land-Urban Interface”, the study
provides a larger image of what is happening regarding fire prevention methods and
strategies along the Los Angeles Country WUI, specifically areas bordering the Angeles
National Forest. The study was to find out what methods and/or strategies are already in
place, how they can help in identifying opportunities for future fire prevention methods
and strategies, while also addressing fire issues specific to Los Angeles Country (LA
Country) as well as provide future research opportunities for other fire prone areas. A
comprehensive survey of the fire prevention methods and strategies currently in place
Local
Station”, revealed that the firefighting facilities of the fire station was moderately
adequate and some did not conform to be standard set by the National Fire Protection
Association. Another finding in the study was on the leadership of the municipal Fire
Dolot (2007), in his study entitilled “Fire Suppression Capability and Performance of
the Bureau of Fire Protection in Legaspi City”. Time is a consideration in response and
recommends installation of at least five (5) water hydrants within Legaspi city to
minimize the time for water refilling during fire incident and, review of the MOA should
be done by the support groups and the BFP in order to iron out lapses and encourage
14
further contributions to a better fire protection services in the City of Legaspi and that the
Gandia (2008), in his thesis entitled “Fire Prevention Program of the Bureau of Fire
particularly the enforcement phase of the BFP in the City of Urdaneta during the period
of 2006 to 2007, as to whether it was fully implemented or not. It is also determined the
Fire Code of the Philippines assessed by the BFP Personnel of the Urdaneta City and
by the BFP Personnel and resident of the City. The study shows that on the conduct of
fire safety inspection as a requirement to the grant of permits/licenses, for the occupancy
of the building and installation of Fire Protection and fire safety equipment, the personnel
and residents have the same descriptive rating of the “high.” Perception with regards to
the level of effectiveness of the Fire Prevention Program on fire safety requirements to
business, structures and their premises or facilities BFP Personnel rate it high compared
to the residents with moderate. Extent of Compliance to the Fire Code of the Philippines,
Cervantes and Soriano (2011), in the study entitled “Performance of the Bureau of
Fire Protection (BFP): Contributions to Fire Management”, fires are one of the few
calamities of which people can prevent. Besides the effort of the Bureau of Fire
Protection and the passing of the Revise Fire Code or RA 9514 in 2008, fires are still one
of the leading man-made disasters in the Philippines. In 2011, there had already been
15
several fires like the incident on February 7 which left 3000 families homeless. Other
than that, most establishments, most notably in Baguio, are fire safety violators (Dar,
2011). These incidents bring into question the effectiveness of the action and programs of
the BFP in terms of their response to fire emergencies. The study assessed the
effectiveness of the BFP’s response method, campaigns and projects, and came up with
proposals that would increase the effectiveness of fire management in the country.
Philippines, 2010-2012”. He stated that fires are the most costly preventable emergency
in the Philippines but are relatively unstudied. Fires were a greater problem from 2010 to
2012 and affected the same geographic locations. A total of 883 fires and 824 fire-related
were more frequent from midnight to 3 a.m., and most often involved residential areas.
No improvement in the fire situation was noted for 2010 to 2012. Thus, there is a need to
review present local and national efforts at fire prevention and control. Further research
and analysis of causes and determinants of fire would provide more useful information
From the gathered previous study and literature both foreign and local, it can be
observed that if the community is equipped with the knowledge regarding fire safety
programs, they can achieve a free-fire community. In the study of Canas, et al., (2016)
revealed that the firefighting facilities of the fire station was moderately adequate and
some did not conform to be standard set by the National Fire Protection entitled
“firefighting capability”. The study of Cervantes and Soriano (2011), in the study entitled
Management”, fires are one of the few calamities of which people can prevent. Besides
the effort of the Bureau of Fire Protection. And the passing of the Revise Fire Code or
RA 9514 in 2008, fires are still one of the leading man-made disasters in the Philippines.
Every citizen should know that fire safety eliminates, eradicate and remove all probable
fire hazards in our homes and work places. Ardales (2004) said that the implementation
Advocacy should be also be made in all sectors of the Barangay to participate in the
implementation of the programs. She added that, more strategies should be employed,
and that weakness of the strategies should be addressed while the strengths should be
Conceptual Framework
The study evaluated the Fire Prevention Programs of the BFP in Selected Barangays
in Tarlac City, Tarlac. The Study will determine the level of effectiveness, the extent of
implementation and degree of the seriousness of programs that needed to be evaluated for
further study. A purposed action plan is to addressed the problems encountered by the
respondents in the Fire Prevention Programs of the BFP in selected Barangay in Tarlac
City, Tarlac. The findings of the study serve as the basis for identifying the inputs,
Chapter 3
This chapter presented the research design, methods of gathering data, data gathering
instruments, respondents of the study, locale of the study and statistical treatment.
Research Design
The researchers used the descriptive method of research to determine and analyze the
Fire Prevention Program of the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) in Selected Barangays in
Tarlac City, Tarlac. The researchers gathered information through the use of a survey
researchers were able to present and interpret relevant data needed in the study. It
involves descriptions of the analysis and interpretation of the data that had been
gathered.
Research Locale
This study was conducted in selected barangays in Tarlac City,Tarlac which is San
Research Respondents
There were two groups of respondents in this study, namely: Personnel of Tarlac
City Fire Station; and the individual of the community in Selected Barangays in Tarlac
19
City, Tarlac. There were Fourteen (14) Bureau of Fire Protection Officer and Three
The respondent of this study were 14 from the BFP Personnel and 390 coming from
the Community in Selected Barangays of Tarlac City, Tarlac for the total of 404.
BFP Personnel 14 4%
To get the numbers of respondents, the researchers used the Slovin’s Formula.
The data gathering instrument that was used the researchers is a questionnaire made
The questionnaire was validated by the experts who have enough knowledge
Before the instrument was floated, there was an ordered briefing and clear
VALIDITY
The proposed guide questionnaire was validated by two (2) BFP Personnel
Personnel for its clarity, objectivity and usability. The result of validation questionnaire is
The mean values of ratings of the Validators were computed and interpreted based on
the given standards and criteria following a Likert scale which was utilized to interpret
The researcher was asked permission to the BFP officers about their duties and
researchers requested permission to gather initial data by asking their opinions on the
21
information campaigns conducted by the BFP officers concerning fire safety at the
Barangay.
The data was collected and tabulated based on the simple frequency count. The
Through this method, the researcher was able to present and interpret relevant data
Statistical Treatment
The researchers used the descriptive method in gathering relevant data and
information to answer the specific problems. The data gathered on subject to appropriate
statistical treatment. The data was in tables that further underwent analytic interpretation
and better understanding. The gathered information was tally and tabulate.
and degree of seriousness on problems encountered in the Fire Prevention of the Bureau
n
N=
1 + n(0.005)2
Where:
N= weighted mean
f = frequency associated to x
x = item value
22
n = number of respondents
= sum of answers
Categories of Data. The data where gathered using survey questionnaires in order to
get inputs from the BFP Personnel and the members of the Community. The 4 point
Likert Scale rating and the range of values are represented below.
Evaluation Scale
A. In this study the scale of the level of effectiveness onFire Prevention Program of
the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac.
C. What are the problems encountered by the BFP onFire Prevention Programin
Chapter 4
This chapter presented, analyzed and interpret the data obtained from the respondents
formulated problems in the study. The data gathered from the respondents were
statistically treated to come out with frequencies and weighted mean. These data
analyzed by the researcher to gather information needed. The data was presented in the
table forms followed by their textual interpretations are the results of the questionnaire
administered to the BFP Personnel and Community in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City,
Tarlac
The level of effectiveness was described according to the answers in the given
programs, whether they are Very Effective, Slightly Effective, Effective, Not Effective.
the Bureau of Fire Protection according to the BFP Personnel and Community..
the fire prevention program of the Bureau of Fire Protection according to the BFP
personnel and Community is 3.69. The said programs are the most important and
complete programs of the activities by the Bureau since the community were kept
25
informed by the fire prevention programs of the bureau and also educated the community
Table 1. Level of effectiveness on the fire prevention programs of the Bureau of Fire
Protection (BFP) in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac according to the BFP
As shown in the Table 1, the BFP personnel and Community indicated that they are
very effective of the fire prevention programs in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City,
Tarlac. The objectives such as Conduct in-service Training for Fire Personnel to enhance
management on Fire Service and Effective Fire Prevention Operationgot the highest
grand mean of 3.74 with a verbal description of very effective according to the BFP
Personnel and Community. Meaning these programs creates the highest level of
effectiveness in the community for it provides operation for them, it could help them on
how to deal and prevent fire emergencies in their establishments in case it occurs.
according to the BFP Personnel and Community with a verbal description of very
effective. The computed grand mean of the level of effectiveness of the respondents on
the Fire Prevention Program of the Bureau of Fire Protection according to the BFP
Personnel and Community is 3.69 with a verbal description of very effective. These
means that according to the observance of the BFP Personnel and community. They are
very effective on the Fire Prevention Programs of the Bureauof Fire protection (BFP) in
Protection in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac was described according to their
27
Table 2 presents the level of implementation on Fire Prevention of the Bureau of Fire
Protection in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac according to the BFP Personnel
and Community.
Fire Protection (BFP) in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac according to the
intelligence.
As shown in the Table 2, the BFP personnel indicated that almost all of the Fire
Prevention Programs stated above are very implemented with the computed grand mean
of 3.67. This only mean that the BFP personnel is actively implementing this programs in
the Community. The Creation/Organization of Kiddie Junior Fire Marshals, get the
Campaign’got the lowest mean of 3.58 according to the BFP Personnel and Community
and Ugnayan sa Barangay 3.60, Conduct Training and Accreditation of Fire Safety
Practitioner 3.60 this are the three (3) lowest implementation interview we gathered for
our study according to the BFP Personnel and the Community. Meanwhile Conducting
emergency medical and special rescue service 3.77, Reviewing of Building Plans for
Marshals 3.85 this are the three (3) got the highest implementation interview we gathered
for our study according to the BFP Personnel and the Community.
The grand mean for the extent of implementation of fire prevention programs
according to the BFP Personnel andCommunity is 3.67 with a verbal description of very
implemented. This means that according to the observance of the BFP Personnel and
Community, the Fire Prevention Programs in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac
Problems 5 4 3 2 1
4. Narrowed Road.
These are the 5 major serious problems encountered by the BFP Personnel and
the Community.
Implication of the Study on Fire Technology and Arson Investigation for
In the implementation of the fire prevention programs, the BFP officers encountered
some problems. The researcher had proposed solutions to address the BFP problems with
Action Plan
Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac have implications related to Criminal Justice
System. It serves as an eye opener particularly on the part of the community on the
existing fire operation activities. BFP personnel proved that some enhancement must be
made to continuously improve their performance to attain high and efficient service.
The support of the community was seen in the study. It implies that the Fire
Officers understand and recognize very well the role of the community in assisting fire
prevention. This is because the community is also benefited when there is less fire that
occurs.
Proper authorities should be given to fire operation to easy access to the BFP by
the stakeholders and for better performance of the activities. Through the presence of Fire
This study will also serve as a reference tool or guide in conducting a research in
relation to the fire prevention programs of the BFP. This could help future BFP personnel
32
identified to serve as basis to improve and promote progress in the performance of the
Tarlac City, Tarlac and to the personnel capability to perform their respective duties. This
study will also help to provide significant information to the performance of BFP in the
future.
Chapter 5
Summary of Findings
The following findings answered the specific questions raised at the beginning of
this research:
The computed mean for the effectiveness on Fire Prevention Programs of the Bureau
of Fire Protection in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac is 3.69 with the Verbal of
The computed mean for the Level of the Implementation on Fire Prevention
Programs of the Bureau of Fire Protection in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac is
the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac.
Lack of Funds and logistical support, Lack of participants during Fire Drill, Lack
of Fire fighting Equipment, Narrowed Road, Uncooperative coming from the Barangays
this are problems encountered specifically by the BFP Personnel and Barangay Officials
Conclusions
Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac as observed by the BFP Personnel are Very
in Selected Barangays in Tarlac City, Tarlac as observed by the BFP Personnel are Very
Tarlac are serious according to the BFP Personnel and the Community.
.4. The proposed action plan is made to address the problems encountered in the
implementation of fire prevention programs are practical to apply, to lessen the gravity of
Recommendation
In the light of the findings of the study and conclusions drawn, the following
1. The community should be taught more about the fire prevention programs and for
them to become more aware on knowing the course of action in the event of fire through
2. Conduct training and accreditation of fire safety practitioner to become ready and
3. The BFP should conduct additional seminars or activities in the barangay regarding the
fire prevention programs that would elevate the awareness of the community.
4. Conduct seminars about the fire codes of the bureau to be understand by the
community.
5. The BFP should encourage or inform the community about their benefits and the needs
6. The BFP should present the equipment to the community that are needed in case of
emergency.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. Books
Park 2006 “Evaluated Community Fire Safety Intervention In the United States: A
Review
of Current Literature.
on
Maxwell and Westernland Bjurstrom 2007 “An Investigation into the Fire Safety
Ceballos, Romeo B. Police Science for Fire techniques and Arson Investigation. Pp.6-10.
De Joras, FM. , PD no. 1185 The Fire Code of the Philippines and regulations, safety
B. Published Thesis
City,
Pangasinan.
Canas, et.al., (2006) “Firefighting Capability of Libmanan Fire Station”, Camarines Sur,
Philippines.
Jo Balucanag Bitonio (Feb 11, 2013) A Masteral Thesis MDM Major in Public
C. Newspaper
Roces , Alejandro R. , Fire Prevention month, Roses and Thorns, Philippine Star, March
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2006
D. Internet
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https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/24273/
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