U2L3 Student Guide

Unit 2: Brain Maintenance
Student Guide Lesson 3
1. What are the objectives of today’s lesson?
 Describe why eating and drinking is good or health

 How food has an effect on health
 Population food disorders
2. How does the brain regulate both unconscious and conscious functions in relation to survival?
 Unconscious Brain Function

- Shift blood to/from the skin
- Shivering to increase temperature
- Change in heart rate
 Conscious Brain Function
- Recognize that you feel cold (sensory)
- Remember where your jacket is (memory)
- Decide to get your jacket
- Put your jacket on (coordination/vision)
- You may also seek a warmer environment/shelter
3. What are the main life sustaining behaviors?

 Eating
- Remember that neurons drive our thinking, learning, feeling and state of being
- Neurons need nutrients
- Energy is generated from food and regulates growth and change of cells
 Drinking
- Our brain depends on proper hydration to function optimally
- Blood, muscles, lungs, and brain all contain water
- You need water to regulate body temperature and provide the means of travel for
nutrients
 R__________
- When we reproduce, it is done for the s_______ of the species
- S_______ behavior in both men and women is as fundamental as eating
U2L3 Student Guide 1

4. Why do we eat?
 Your personal motivation depends on several factors including how l____ it has been since
your last mean and how m____ you ate at your last meal
 How much we eat at a meal is influenced by how h______ we are, the t________ of the food
and w____ t_____ we have eaten
 When we eat and begin to d_____ food, your body sends a signal that tells the brain to stop
eating and don’t eat for a period of time
5. What is the relationship between your brain and food?

 The brain helps us make choices about food based on e________ and how each food
n________ our body
 The kind of nutrients in your food is m____ i_________ than the c______.
6. Why is eating important to your overall well-being?

 Without g______ (brain food) you will eventually lose c___________ and have no energy
 Your brain has set up some long-term f________ b_________ to ensure that you are
motivated to eat for s_______
 It is important to remember that your body’s energy stores are r___________ during and
immediately after eating
7. Why is it difficult to learn if you are hungry?

 When food is s_____, the body uses up f___
 Hunger makes you l___ a________ because your brain does not have its own supply of
e_____
 Your body produces several h________ that stimulate eating if you are hungry

8. Why is breakfast important?
 You f___ when you are asleep
 When you’re awake, you need breakfast to provide a fresh dose of fuel = _________
 Without eating breakfast, you may find difficulty understanding n___ i__________ and/or
remembering it
 B________ provides energy for your day
 Morning: b_____ s_____ is low
 Breakfast brings it up; provides s______ for the day
 Skipping breakfast: ____ s______ supplies for energy
9. Draw the Triad below (in relevance to eating)
10. List some health risks of obesity.

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11. What is the reality of obesity?

 Obesity has reached e_______ proportions in the United States
 Over t___-t______ of adults are o________ or obese, and one in three Americans is obese
 The prevalence of obesity in children has increased markedly, with approximately ___%-___%
of children either overweight or obese
12. What causes Obesity?

 Genetics – person is more likely to develop obesity if one or both p______ are obese
 Overeating – overeating leads to weight gain, especially if the diet is h____ in f___ or s_____
 Physical Inactivity – s________ lifestyle promotes f______ c_______ burned; physical
inactivity is strongly correlated with weight gain
 Psychological Factors – for some people, e_________ i________ eating habits
13. What is diabetes?
 Diabetes – inability to move e_______ g______ from the blood into tissues
 Insulin – p______ (hormone) that m_________ energy balance
 Insulin Injections – r_______ insulin levels
14. What is an eating disorder?

 Any of several p_________ disorders characterized by serious disturbances of eating
b_________
 At least ___ m_______ people of all a____ and g______ suffer from an eating disorder in the
U.S.
 Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any m______ i_______
 ___% of women over ___ engage in eating disorder behaviors

 G_______, environmental factors, and p_________ t_____ all combine to create risk for an
eating disorder
15. How do eating disorders effect the brain?

 During prolonged m___________, the body’s organs begin to shut down due to lack of
nutrients and c______ e______
 The brain is an o______, and when it doesn’t get enough n________, it can not function
properly
 D______ to the brain as with any other organ is from severe v______ d________
 The n________ consequences may worsen the longer someone struggles with an eating
disorder; and in many people, cognitive d________ begins in older age
16. What are some resources you can use if you or someone else has an eating disorder?
 E________ them to seek help
 C______ your primary care provider
 S_____ with the school counselor
 C______ the National Eating Disorder Association
17. What are some behaviors for weight loss or weight gain?
 Starvation Diets - when people significantly r______ their caloric intake or s____ eating all
together
 Fad Diets – diets that become p________ through marketing that are not s__________
proven or even safe in some cases
 Drugs – there are over the counter d____ d_____, prescription diet drugs and uses of i______
drugs for weight loss or weight gain
 Purging – most common type is self-induced v________
 Laxative Abuse – when a person attempts to eliminate u________ c________ or lose weight
through repeated use of laxatives
 Smoking – could lead to weight loss by increasing the m________ r_____, decreasing
metabolic efficiency, or d_________ caloric absorption, all of which are associated with
t_______ use
 Eating e_______ amounts of one type of food
18. What are some safe and successful ways to achieve weight loss?
 C__________ to proper diet and exercise plan
- Eat a v______ of foods
- Balance food intake with p________ e_______
 F_____
- Grains, V______ and Fruits
- Low in Fat, S_______ Fat and Cholesterol
- M_______ Sugar
- Moderate Salt and S______
19. How much water should you drink per day?

 The answer v______ from person to person
 Factors that do influence water intake involve e________, weather/temperature and
c______ h_____
 You get a s__________ amount of fluid from the foods you eat

20. List a few concepts from the summary slide.
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Unit 2: Brain Maintenance

Student Guide Lesson 3

1. What are the objectives of today’s lesson?

 Describe why eating and drinking is good or health

 Unconscious Brain Function

3. What are the main life sustaining behaviors?

U2L3 Student Guide 1

5. What is the relationship between your brain and food?

6. Why is eating important to your overall well-being?

7. Why is it difficult to learn if you are hungry?

U2L3 Student Guide 2

9. Draw the Triad below (in relevance to eating)

10. List some health risks of obesity.

11. What is the reality of obesity?

12. What causes Obesity?

14. What is an eating disorder?

 ___% of women over ___ engage in eating disorder behaviors

15. How do eating disorders effect the brain?

19. How much water should you drink per day?

U2L3 Student Guide 5

U2L3 Student Guide 6

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 _% of women over _ engage in eating disorder behaviors