REACTION-MECHANISM Handout
REACTION-MECHANISM Handout
REACTION-MECHANISM Handout
In SN2 reactions, there are a few conditions Instead of having two concentrations
that affect the rate of the reaction. that affect the reaction rate, there is
only one, substrate. The rate
First of all, the 2 in S N2 implies that equation for this would be
there are two concentrations of Rate=k[Sub]. Since the rate of a
substances that affect the rate of reaction is only determined by its
reaction: substrate (Sub) and slowest step, the rate at which the
nucleophile. The rate equation for leaving group "leaves" determines
this reaction would be Rate=k[Sub] the speed of the reaction. This
[Nuc]. means that the better the leaving
group, the faster the reaction rate.
- For a SN2 reaction, an aprotic
solvent is best, such as acetone, As SN2 reactions were affected by
DMF, or DMSO. sterics, SN1 reactions are
determined by bulky groups
A final factor that affects reaction attached to the carbocation. Since
rate is nucleophilicity; the there is an intermediate that actually
nucleophile must attack an atom contains a positive charge, bulky
other than a hydrogen. groups attached are going to help
stabilize the charge on the
carbocation through resonance and
distribution of charge.
ELIMINATION
ELECTROPHILIC ADDITION