ADJUSTABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE – INDUSTRIAL (SVX)

SECTION 26 29 23.13

SECTION 26 29 23.13
ADJUSTABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE – INDUSTRIAL (SVX)

PART 1 GENERAL

1.01 SCOPE
A. This specification describes the electrical, mechanical, environmental, agency and reliability
requirements for three-phase, Adjustable Frequency Drives (AFD) as specified herein and
as shown on the contract drawings.

1.02 RELATED SECTIONS

1.03 REFERENCES
A. The adjustable frequency drives and all components shall be designed, manufactured and
tested in accordance with the latest applicable standards.
1. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
a. IEEE 519-1992: Guide for harmonic content and control
2. Underwriters Laboratories (UL508C: Power Conversion Equipment)
a. UL
b. CUL
3. National Electrical Manufacturer’s Association (NEMA)
a. ICS 7.0: Industrial Controls & Systems for AFD.
4. IEC 61800-2 and –3. EN 50082-1 and –2
a. Fulfill all EMC immunity requirements
B. In case of conflict between the requirements of this section and those of the listed
documents, the requirements of this section shall prevail.

1.04 SUBMITTALS - FOR REVIEW/APPROVAL

A. The following information shall be submitted to the Engineer.
1. Dimensioned outline drawing
2. Schematic diagram
3. Power and control connection diagram(s)
B. Submit four (4) copies of the above information.

1.05 SUBMITTALS-FOR INFORMATION

A. When requested by the Engineer the following product information shall be submitted:
1. Descriptive bulletins
2. Product sheets
3. Harmonic Analysis

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1.06 SUBMITTALS-FOR CLOSEOUT

A. The following information shall be submitted for record purposes prior to final payment.
1. Final as-built drawings and information for items listed section in 1.04.
2. Installation information.

1.07 QUALIFICATIONS
A. The supplier of the assembly shall be the manufacturer of the electromechanical power
components used within the assembly, such as bypass contactors when specified.
B. For the equipment specified herein, the manufacturer shall be ISO 9001 certified.
C. The supplier of this equipment shall have produced similar electrical equipment for a
minimum period of ten (10) years. When requested by the Engineer, an acceptable list of
installations with similar equipment shall be provided demonstrating compliance with this
requirement.
D. Adjustable Frequency Drives shall be on the basis of Cutler-Hammer SVX9000 Series for
function and quality. Products that are in compliance with the specification and
manufactured by others will be considered as “Approved Equal” only if pre-approved by the
Engineer fourteen (14) days prior to bid date. Alternate suppliers shall submit
documentation showing itemized compliance to the specifications and experience specific
to the proposed AFD including a list showing details of the installation, application, location,
contact name and telephone number of at least 10 users.

1.08 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

1.09 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Equipment shall be handled and stored in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
One (1) copy of these instructions shall be included with the equipment at time of shipment.

1.10 FIELD MEASUREMENTS

1.11 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALS

A. Five (5) copies of the equipment operation and maintenance manuals shall be provided.
B. Operation and maintenance manuals shall include the following information:
1. Instruction books
2. Recommended renewal parts list
3. Drawings and information required by Section 1.06.

1.12 EXTRA PRODUCTS

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.01 MANUFACTURERS
A. Eaton

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B. _______
C. 
_______
Naming specific venders does not imply acceptance of their standard products nor relieve
them from meeting these specifications in their entirety.

2.02 ADJUSTABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES (AFD)

A. Where shown on the drawings, adjustable frequency drives 1 through 2000 Horsepower
(HP), Constant Torque (CT) / Variable Torque (VT), shall have the following features:
1. The AFD shall be rated for 480 VAC (optional input voltages of 208, 240, 380 and 575
VAC). The AFD shall provide microprocessor-based control for three-phase induction
motors. The controller’s full load output current rating shall be based on 50 C ( CT ) /
40 C ( VT ) ambient and 10 kHz switching frequency below 40-HP ( CT ) / 50-HP ( VT )
and 3.6 kHz switching frequency 40-HP ( CT ) / 50-HP ( VT ) and above to reduce
motor noise and avoid increased motor losses.
2. The AFD shall be of the Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) design converting the utility
input voltage and frequency to a variable voltage and frequency output via a two-step
operation. Adjustable Current Source AFD are not acceptable. Insulated Gate Bipolar
Transistors (IGBT’s) shall be used in the inverter section. Bipolar Junction Transistors,
GTO’s or SCR’s are not acceptable. The AFD shall run at the above listed switching
frequencies.
3. The AFD shall have efficiency at full load and speed that exceeds 95% for AFD below
15-HP and 97% for drives 15-HP and above. The efficiency shall exceed 90% at 50%
speed and load.
4. The AFD shall maintain the line side displacement power factor at no less than 0.96,
regardless of speed and load.
5. The AFD shall have a one (1) minute overload current rating of 150% and a two (2)
second overload current rating of 250% for constant torque drives. The AFD shall have
a one (1) minute overload current rating of 110% for variable torque drives.
6. The AFD shall be capable of operating of operating any NEMA design B squirrel cage
induction motor, regardless of manufacturer, with a horsepower and current rating
within the capacity of the AFD.
7. The AFD shall have an integral EMI/RFI filter as standard.
8. The AFD shall limit harmonic distortion reflected onto the utility system to a voltage and
current level as defined by IEEE 519 for general systems applications, by utilizing the
standard 3% nominal impedance integral AC three-phase line reactor integrally
mounted in the AFD enclosure
9. Any harmonic calculations shall be done based on the kVA capacity, X/R ratio and the
impedance of the utility transformer feeding the installation, as noted on the drawings,
and the total system load. The calculations shall be made with the point of common
coupling being the point where the utility feeds multiple customers.
10. Total harmonic distortion shall be calculated under worst-case conditions in accordance
with the procedure outlined in IEEE standard 519-1992. Copies of these calculations

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are to be made available upon request. The contractor shall provide any needed
information to the AFD supplier three (3) weeks prior to requiring harmonic calculations.
11. The system containing the AFD shall comply with the 5% level of total harmonic
distortion of line voltage and the line current limits as defined in IEEE 519-1992. If the
system cannot meet the harmonic levels with the with the AFD provided with the
standard input line reactor or optional input isolation transformer, the AFD manufacturer
shall supply an eighteen pulse, multiple bridge rectifier AC to DC conversion section
with phase shifting transformer for all drives 50-HP and above. This eighteen-pulse
rectifier converter shall result in a multiple pulse current waveform that will more nearly
approximate a true sine-wave to reduce voltage harmonic content on the utility line.
The phase shifting transformer shall be of a single winding type to optimize its KVA
rating and harmonic cancellation capability.

Harmonic filters are not acceptable for drives 50-HP and above.
12. The AFD shall be able to start into a spinning motor (flying start). The AFD shall be able
to determine the motor speed in any direction and resume operation without tripping. If
the motor is spinning in the reverse direction, the AFD shall start into the motor in the
reverse direction, bring the motor to a controlled stop, and then accelerate the motor to
the preset speed.
13. Standard operating conditions shall be:
Note to Spec. Writer: Consultant to choose correct system voltage from list below

a. Incoming Power: Three-phase, [208 – 240] [380 – 500][525 – 690] Vac (+10% to -
15%) and 50/60 Hz (+/-5 Hz) power to a fixed potential DC bus level.
b. Frequency stability of +/-0.05% for 24 hours with voltage regulation of +/-1% of
maximum rated output voltage.
c. Speed regulation of +/- 0.5% of base speed.
d. Load inertia dependant carryover (ride-through) during utility loss.
e. Insensitive to input line rotation.
f. Humidity: 0 to 95% (non-condensing and non-corrosive).
g. Altitude: 0 to 3,300 feet (1000 meters) above sea level.
h. Ambient Temperature: -10 to 50 C (CT), -10 to 40 C (VT).
i. Storage Temperature: -40 to 60 C.
14. Control Functions
a. Frequently accessed AFD programmable parameters shall be adjustable from a
digital operator keypad located on the front of the AFD. The AFD shall have a 3
line alphanumeric programmable display with status indicators. Keypads must use
plain English words for parameters, status, and diagnostic messages. Keypads that
are difficult to read or understand are not acceptable, and particularly those that use
alphanumeric code and tables. Keypads shall be adjustable for contrast with large
characters easily visible in normal ambient light.
b. The keypad shall include a Local/Remote pushbutton selection. Both start/ stop
source and speed reference shall be independently programmable for Keypad,
Remote I/O, or Field Bus.

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c. The keypad shall have copy / paste capability.

d. Upon initial power up of the AFD, the keypad shall display a start up guide that will
sequence all the necessary parameter adjustments for general start up.
e. Standard advanced programming and trouble-shooting functions shall be available
by using a personal computer’s RS-232 port and Windows™ based software. In
addition the software shall permit control and monitoring via the AFD RS232 port.
The manufacturer shall supply a diskette with the required software. An easily
understood instruction manual and software help screens shall also be provided.
The computer software shall be used for modifying the drive setup and reviewing
diagnostic and trend information as outlined in this section through section 18.
Provide one copy of the advanced programming software.
f. The operator shall be able to scroll through the keypad menu to choose between
the following:
1. Monitor
2. Operate
3. Parameter setup
4. Actual parameter values
5. Active faults
6. Fault history
7. LCD contrast adjustment
8. Information to indicate the standard software and optional features software
loaded.
g. The following setups and adjustments, at a minimum, are to be available:
1. Start command from keypad, remote or communications port
2. Speed command from keypad, remote or communications port
3. Motor direction selection
4. Maximum and minimum speed limits
5. Acceleration and deceleration times, two settable ranges
6. Critical (skip) frequency avoidance
7. Torque limit
8. Multiple attempt restart function
9. Multiple preset speeds adjustment
10. Catch a spinning motor start or normal start selection
11. Programmable analog output
12. DC brake current magnitude and time
13. PID process controller
15. The AFD shall have the following system interfaces:
a. Inputs – A minimum of six (6) programmable digital inputs, two (2) analog inputs
and serial communications interface shall be provided with the following available
as a minimum:
1. Remote manual/auto
2. Remote start/stop
3. Remote forward/reverse
4. Remote preset speeds

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5. Remote external trip

6. Remote fault reset
7. Process control speed reference interface, 4-20mA DC
8. Potentiometer and 1-10VDC speed reference interface
9. RS-232 programming and operation interface port
10. Serial communications port
B. Outputs – A minimum of two (2) discrete programmable digital outputs, one (1)
programmable open collector output, and one (1) programmable analog output shall be
provided, with the following available at minimum.
1. Programmable relay outputs with one (1) set of Form C contacts for each, selectable
with the following available at minimum:
a. Fault
b. Run
c. Ready
d. Reversed
e. Jogging
f. At speed
g. Torque Limit Supervision
h. Motor rotation direction opposite of commanded
i. Over-temperature
2. Programmable open collector output with available 24VDC power supply and selectable
with the following available at minimum:
a. Fault
b. Run
c. Ready
d. Reversed
e. Jogging
f. At speed
g. Torque Limit Supervision
h. Motor rotation direction opposite of commanded
i. Over-temperature
3. Programmable analog output signal, selectable with the following available at minimum:
a. Motor current
b. Output frequency
c. Frequency reference
d. Motor speed
e. Motor torque
f. Motor power
g. Motor voltage
h. DC-bus voltage
i. AI1 (Analog Input 1)
j. AI2 (Analog Input 2)

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k. PT100 temperature
l. FB digital input 4 (Field Bus Input)
4. Monitoring and Displays
a. The AFD display shall be a LCD type capable of displaying three (3) lines of text
and the following thirteen (13) status indicators:
1. Run
2. Forward
3. Reverse
4. Stop
5. Ready
6. Alarm
7. Fault
8. Input/Output (I/O) terminal
9. Keypad
10. Bus/Communication
11. Local (LED)
12. Remote (LED)
13. Fault (LED)
5. The AFD keypad shall be capable of displaying the following monitoring functions at a
minimum:
a. Output frequency
b. Frequency reference
c. Motor speed
d. Motor current
e. Motor torque
f. Motor power
g. Motor voltage
h. DC-bus voltage
i. Unit temperature
j. Calculated motor temperature
k. Voltage level of analog input
l. Current level of analog input
m. Digital inputs status
n. Digital and relay outputs status
o. Analog Input
6. Protective Functions
a. The AFD shall include the following protective features at minimum:
1. Over-current
2. Over-voltage
3. Inverter fault
4. Under-voltage
5. Input phase loss

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6. Output phase loss

7. Under-temperature
8. Over-temperature
9. Motor stalled
10. Motor over-temperature
11. Motor under-load
12. Logic voltage failure
13. Microprocessor failure
b. The AFD shall provide ground fault protection during power-up, starting, and
running. AFD with no ground fault protection during running are not acceptable.
7. Diagnostic Features
a. Fault History
1. Record and log faults
2. Indicate the most recent first, and store up to 30 faults
8. Optional features to be included in the AFD:
Note to Spec. Writer: Consultant to choose options required from list below
a. HMCP or thermal magnetic breaker to provide a disconnect means. Operating
handle shall protrude through the door. The disconnect shall not be mounted on the
door. The handle position shall indicate ON, OFF, and TRIPPED condition. The
handle shall have provisions for padlocking in the OFF position with at least three
(3) padlocks. Interlocks shall prevent unauthorized opening or closing of the AFD
door with the disconnect handle in the ON position. Door handle interlock can be
defeated by qualified maintenance personnel.
b. AC input line current limiting fuses shall provide a means of disconnecting the AFD
from the line under fault conditions.
c. Three contactor bypass shall include a drive input disconnect, an AFD input
isolation contactor, bypass contactor and an AFD output contactor that is electrically
and mechanically interlocked with the bypass contactor. This circuit shall include
control logic, status lights and motor over-current relays. The complete bypass
system [Inverter-Off-Bypass][Hand-Off-Auto with Inverter-Bypass] selector
switch(s), and Inverter/Bypass pilot lights shall be packaged with the AFD. The unit
may be set up for [Manual] ([Automatic] bypass operation upon an AFD trip.
d. AC output contactor to provide a means for positive disconnection of the drive
output from the motor terminals.
e. Fused space heaters with thermostat for oversize enclosures to minimize
condensation potential upon drive shutdown.
f. Laminated plastic or steel nameplate engraved with user’s identifying name or
number for oversize enclosures.
g. Pneumatic process follower allowing motor speed control proportional to a 3-
15PSIG pneumatic signal.
h. 120 VAC control to allow AFD to interface with remote dry contacts.

 Note to Spec. Writer – Select one or more

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i. Motor over-current relay to provide sensing of a given level of load current.

j. Input isolation transformers, separately mounted, with NEMA 1 enclosure.
k. Motor filter for use on motor cable runs exceeding 100 feet for motors with a peak
voltage insulation rating less than 1600 Vac.
1. The dv/dt filter shall be located at the AFD and shall reduce the dv/dt clamp any
voltage overshoots of the AFD output. It will return the energy in the voltage
overshoots to the AFD DC bus. A power dissipative resistance device is not
acceptable. Filter shall be a Cutler-Hammer MotorRxtype.

-- OR --
1. A properly sized line reactor shall be installed at the AFD output to reduce dv/dt
levels and the resultant peak voltage overshoots at the motor terminals.
l. 
Dynamic braking control circuitry shall be provided to decelerate the motor faster
than the internal losses can absorb. Dynamic braking shall cause an optional
resistor bank, when specified, to be switched onto the DC link as required to absorb
the regenerative energy. This shall allow the fastest controlled deceleration and/or
stop without an over-voltage condition. The resistor bank, when specified, shall be
located external to the drive enclosure to prevent overheating of the drive.
m. 
Resistor bank for dynamic braking load rated for  [100][150] percent braking torque
for a [-(20][50] percent duty cycle based on a sixty-second cycle time.
n. Copy/Paste keypad
1. The operator interface shall consist of a LCD keypad located on the front of the
AFD. Features shall include:
i. Nine (9) pushbuttons for selection, display, and modification of the AFD
characteristics as follows:
a. Scroll left
a. Scroll right
b. Scroll up/increase
c. Scroll down/decrease
d. Enter
e. Reset
f. Start
g. Stop
h. Local/Remote
2. The keypad LCD panel shall provide a choice of 4-line 16 character/line, backlit
alphanumeric LCD display.
3. The operator shall be able to scroll through the keypad menu to choose
between the following screens:
i. Parameters
ii. Keypad control
iii. Active faults
iv. Fault history
v. System menu

Note to Spec. Writer – Optional

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vi. Expander boards

vii. Monitor
viii. Operate menu
o. Communication card for interface with  [Modbus RTU][DeviceNet][CanOpen]
[Profibus-DP][Lonworks][ Johnson Controls N2 Metasys][Modbus TCP IP][BACnet])
control system.
p. Provide an input EMI filter to minimize conducted electrical noise to meet the
requirements of IEC 61800-3.
9. Enclosure
a. The AFD enclosure shall be NEMA  [1] [12] [3R]. The AFD shall have complete front
accessibility with easily removable assemblies.
10. Spare Parts
a. The main logic board, keypad and power supply board shall be supplied as spares,
one for each different part number supplied.
11. The AFD manufacturer shall maintain, as part of a national network, engineering
service facilities within 100 miles of project to provide start-up service, emergency
service calls, repair work, service contracts, maintenance and training of customer
personnel.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.01 EXAMINATION

3.02 FACTORY TESTING

A. The following standard factory tests shall be performed on the equipment provided under
this section. All tests shall be in accordance with the latest version of UL and NEMA
standards.
1. All printed circuit boards shall be functionally tested via automatic test equipment prior
to unit installation.
2. After all tests have been performed, each AFD shall undergo a burn-in test. The drive
shall be burned in at 100% inductive or motor load without an unscheduled shutdown.
3. After the burn-in cycle is complete, each AFD shall be put through a motor load test
before inspection and shipping.
B. The manufacturer shall provide three (3) certified copies of factory test reports.

3.03 INSTALLATION

3.04 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Provide the services of a qualified manufacturer's employed Field Service Engineer to
assist the Contractor in installation and start-up of the equipment specified under this
section. Field Service personnel shall be factory trained with periodic updates and have
experience with the same model of AFD on the job site. Sales representatives will not be

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acceptable to perform this work. The manufacturer's service representative shall provide
technical direction and assistance to the Contractor in general assembly of the equipment,
installation as specified in manufacturer’s installation instructions, wiring, application
dependant adjustments, and verification of proper AFD operation.
B. The Contractor under the technical direction of the manufacturer’s service representative
shall perform the following minimum work.
1. Inspection and final adjustments.
2. Operational and functional checks of AFD and spare parts.
3. The contractor shall certify that he has read the drive manufacturer’s installation
instructions and has installed the AFD in accordance with those instructions.
C. The Contractor shall provide three (3) copies of the manufacturer's field start-up report
before final payment is made.

3.05 MAINTENANCE / WARRANTY SERVICE

A. Warranty to commence 24 months from the date of start-up, not to exceed 36 months from
the date of shipment, and include all parts, labor, and travel time.

3.06 FIELD TESTING

A. Optional field testing
1. The AFD manufacturer shall perform harmonic measurements at the point where the
utility feeds multiple customers (PCC) to verify compliance with IEEE519-1992. A report
of the voltage THD and current TDD shall be sent to the engineer. The contractor shall
provide labor, material, and protection as needed to access the test points. The
readings shall be taken with all drives and all other loads at full load, or as close as field
conditions allow.

3.07 TRAINING
A. The Contractor shall provide a training session for up to ____ owner's representatives for 
____ normal workdays with a maximum of ____ trips at a job site location determined by
the owner. Training and instruction time shall be in addition to that required for start-up
service.
B. The manufacturer’s qualified representative shall conduct the training.
C. The training program shall consist of the following:
1. Instructions on the proper operation of the equipment.
2. Instructions on the proper maintenance of the equipment.

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