SELF-DEFENSE FIRST AID

A very important skills needed for emergency situations to help save lives is the knowledge on handling
first aid.

GENERAL RULES in FIRST AID

If a patient’s heartbeat is strong and his face is flushed, no stimulant should be given. Keep him
quiet, cool, and prone, with his head elevated.
If he has a weak pulse and his face is pallid, generally a stimulant would be beneficial.

IMPORTANT NOTES IN PERFORMING FIRST AID

 Keep cool
 Determine what is wrong
 Apply immediately the necessary first aid
 Always know name, telephone number, and address of a capable hospital or rescuer to ask
immediate help.

FOUR CONDITIONS REQUIRING FIRST AID

BLEEDING
Immediately stop excessive bleeding either it is arterial or venous free bleeding. Brighter
blood can be seen on arterial bleeding because it comes from the heart which may result to
continuous stream. Apply a tourniquet that is tied around the limb and tightened to check the flow
of blood. A soft pad can be placed under the tourniquet to furnish more pressure on a particular
area.
 ARTERIAL BLEEDING
Arms – put the tourniquet around the arm even with point 13 and place a pad under
it on the inside flat of the arm.
Legs – put the tourniquet around the leg even with point 24.
 VENOUS BLEEDING
Apply the tourniquet close by the wound on the side away from the heart. And
to reduce blood flow elevate the injured limb or for less copious bleeding apply hand
pressure with a sterile pad on the wound firmly.
NOTE: relieve for a few seconds the pressure of the tourniquet every 15 to 20
minutes to prevent an over-congestion of blood.
UNCONSCIOUSNESS
FIRST AIDING UNCONSCIOUS PERSON
 Lay person on the back and loosen tight clothing
 Elevate legs to restore blood flow to the brain
 Try to revive person by shaking or yelling to the person
 If there is no response call 911 or any emergency/rescue hotline
 If the person isn’t breathing prepare to start a CPR until the help arrives

NOTE: Do not give unconscious person a food or drink

Do not slap face or splash water on reviving the person

Do not leave the unconscious person alone

A BROKEN BONE/S
There are two kinds of fracture: the simple fracture has the bone broken but there is no
break in the skin, and the compound fracture were the bone s broken and there is a
wound at the surface of the skin which may have danger in infection.
FIRST AID:
 Control the bleeding by keeping sterile, clothes/ cotton pad with a firm pressure.
 Don’t try to move the person only if necessary, to avoid further injury
 Apply ice packs to limit swelling. Never apply ice directly to the fracture. Wrap in a towel
before applying
 A splint helps to immobilize the bone before professional medical attention can take
over.
 A sling can help to stabilize an arm that is broken
 If the fracture is severe, call an ambulance for medical help.
A CASE REQUIRING ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
This administration is most generally needed in the case of arrested breathing, which
might result from several things. Near drowning is a frequent cause.
The best technique of artificial respiration is called the back-pressure arm-lift method.

FIRST AID:

 Place the subject in a prone position, stomach down. Put one of his hands upon the
other, and then rest one of his cheeks on the hands.
 Make sure the airway is clear and remove any obstructing substances
 Pull the chin upward. Place mouth firmly over the victims open mouth, pinch the nostrils
shut, and blow hard enough to make the chest rise.
 Each full Cycle should take about five seconds, half compression, half expansion.
 Check neck for pulse
 Apply Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
FIRST AID KIT
This must include the following:
 Small bottle of tincture of Merthiolate
 Sterile gauze roll and pads
 Waterproof adhesive tape
 Small bottle of aromatic ammonia
 Bandages with elastic and triangular bandages
 Instant cold pack
 Emergency blanket
 Gloves
 Thermometer
 Safety pins
 Antiseptic wipes
 Scissors and Tweezers
 First aid manual
 Emergency contact information/ Medical information for family members
TRICKS OF THE TRADE

KILLING FEAR
The ancient West Pacific warriors developed a way to rid themselves of fear before going into
battle.
In the ancient martial art of belly-breathing, a warrior would force his fingers into the pit of his
stomach then bend over and hold for about two seconds. Resume an upright position removing
the fingers to let the air out. If the feeling does not disappear repeat for second or third time.
BROKEN BOTTLE
If you find yourself against odds which you don’t feel you can overcome with your fists alone, by
grasping a bottle at the neck and breathing off the bottom part of it on a table, and by advancing
with the jagged edges foremost, facehigh, you can greatly lessen the odds against you.
GUN STEAL
It is worked when the man with the gun is close to and in front of his intended victim.
It is executed by catching the barrel, lifting it and turning is slightly to the left. Then in an
extremely rapid movement, the flesh between the stretched-wide thumb and forefinger of his
right hand would strike sharply against the inside of the wrist of the other’s gun hand
PEPPER
A very small amount of pepper in a person’s eyes is temporarily blinding, and for the time being
occupies his undivided attention.
ATTACKED BY DOG
If a dog suddenly charges you with intent to bite, one of the best things to do is to stick things
for the dog to bite down to the front and out to the side. Then, as he tries to bite the object,
land a hard kick on his jaw.
TO LEAD FROM THE ROOM
The best and quickest way this can be done is to step behind him (if he resists, the position
behind should be assumed. Take the scruff of his coat in your left hand and the seat of his pants
in your right. Push your left hand hard and pull your right. This will throw him off balance
Immediately march him toward the nearest exit, off-balance all the way.
TAKING TO THE WATER
Take the opponent to the water to thereby change the conditions. Take a deep breath, go under
water, twist him around by his hips and put a strangle hold on his neck from behind, and remain
submerged until you have gained the upper hand.

ESCAPE BY WATER
If you are attacked while swimming, and the attacker remains at the shore awaiting your return,
you may have to swim a great distance to escape him. In that case, the long-distance swimming
method is highly recommended for energy efficiency.
MISDIRECTION FOR ESCAPE
If you are being searched for in the dark, an escape by trickery can help you get away from by
misdirecting them using an object thrown to other direction to mislead the searchers towards
the noise.
KAPPO
Is an impressive method of resuscitation to revive a person by stimulating the nervous system
and force the body to breathe until it could do so. This can be done by putting pressure on
clavicle, foot, and ribs to shock the body and revive the patient.
BRAKING THE CAR
Immediately run your car forward. The sudden stop will almost invariably throw the bandit from
the car and into the path of an oncoming motorway patrol vehicle.
RELAXATION
In a fight, a man can often break free from his opponent's hold if he suddenly relaxes his entire
body and then violently resumes his efforts to escape - unusual phenomenon is called a
'relaxation' or 'resilience' in fighting.
HAT OVER EYES
Having a hat is an advantage by throwing a hat to the face of the opponent’s eyes and then
striking him a solid blow in the mid-section
WHISTLE
Bringing a whistle in you can help on lead the opponents out by blowing the whistle will think
there is a police force that will make them leave without a further ado.
HANDS UP
If you disarmed someone keep them with hands up and there back facing on you, then trick
them by putting a finger on their back to assume it’s a gun and if they twirls to unarm you they
will find themselves clutching an empty hand facing a barrel of pistol.
TYING AN OPPONENT
Tie an opponent around the wrist in their back with a granny not then run the line-up and
around the neck, back to and under the wrist, down and around one ankle, and back again to
the wrist with two more granny not to immobilize the opponent.
ESCAPE FROM TYING
If your wrists are tied behind you, a possible method of freeing yourself is to work your arms
over your hips and pass your arms around first one foot and then the other. This maneuver
brings your arms to the front and enables you to size up the knots and perhaps free yourself.