Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 19 views

    Presentación Historia

    Uploaded by

    Ximena Ramírez Hernández
    The document discusses the origins and early history of human settlement in Mexico. It begins by explaining that present-day Mexico resulted from the encounter between European and American worlds. The American territory, including what is now Mexico, was inhabited by many pre-Hispanic cultures prior to the arrival of the Spanish. It then summarizes theories about how the first humans arrived in America across the Bering Strait land bridge between Siberia and Alaska over 12,000 years ago and slowly populated the continent.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Presentación Historia

    Uploaded by

    Ximena Ramírez Hernández
    19 views22 pages
    The document discusses the origins and early history of human settlement in Mexico. It begins by explaining that present-day Mexico resulted from the encounter between European and American worlds. The American territory, including what is now Mexico, was inhabited by many pre-Hispanic cultures prior to the arrival of the Spanish. It then summarizes theories about how the first humans arrived in America across the Bering Strait land bridge between Siberia and Alaska over 12,000 years ago and slowly populated the continent.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses the origins and early history of human settlement in Mexico. It begins by explaining that present-day Mexico resulted from the encounter between European and American worlds. The American territory, including what is now Mexico, was inhabited by many pre-Hispanic cultures prior to the arrival of the Spanish. It then summarizes theories about how the first humans arrived in America across the Bering Strait land bridge between Siberia and Alaska over 12,000 years ago and slowly populated the continent.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views22 pages

    Presentación Historia

    Uploaded by

    Ximena Ramírez Hernández
    The document discusses the origins and early history of human settlement in Mexico. It begins by explaining that present-day Mexico resulted from the encounter between European and American worlds. The American territory, including what is now Mexico, was inhabited by many pre-Hispanic cultures prior to the arrival of the Spanish. It then summarizes theories about how the first humans arrived in America across the Bering Strait land bridge between Siberia and Alaska over 12,000 years ago and slowly populated the continent.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 22

    Mexican

    History
    THE ORIGIN OF HUMANITY
    MEXICAN AMERICAN SETTLEMENT
    Chronology
    ►Present day Mexico is basically the result of
    and the encounter between two worlds: the
    Geography of European and the American.
    pre-Hispanic ►The American world, and particularly the
    cultures, territory we inhabit today as a country,
    possessed enormous cultural and natural
    travels and richness. Before the arrival of the Spaniards,
    exploration this territory was inhabited by a variety of
    peoples. Great civilizations now referred to as
    pre-Hispanic cultures emerged from such
    groups. Their history spans from the arrival of
    the first humans on the continent up to the
    conquest.
    Amongst the several theories about the origin of the first
    inhabitants of America, the most accepted one suggests Asian
    animals and tribes crossed over the Bering Strait, which
    separates Siberia from Alaska, then joined by a thick layer of
    ice.
    Smiling face,
    Totonac clay
    sculpture, Veracruz
    Detail of a Mayan
    Stela found in
    Pomona
    The Lord of Las
    Limas, Olmec
    sculpture
    Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan
    Discovery of the New
    World by Christopher
    Columbus, created by Colin
    (1844)
    Classwork 1.

    ► Describe the historical importance of these pictures.


    Questions:

    1. How many centuries BC and how many AD are represented in


    the timeline?
    2. How many stages or periods correspond to the history of
    Mexico and what are they?
    3. How many years passed between the arrival of the Spanish in
    Mexican territory to the establishment of New Spain?
    Questions

    4. How many time periods correspond to events around


    the world and what are they?
    5. Write what was happening in the world while
    pre-Hispanic cultures flourished in Mexico and what was
    happening elsewhere while the conquest was taking place.
    Compare your answers with the rest of the group.
    Classwork 3.
    ► What periods does the map illustrate?
    ► What continent does it show?
    ► Where are the oldest cultures located?
    ► Which cultures inhabited Mesoamérica simultaneously?
    ► Which cultures inhabited Aridoamerica and Oasisamerica?
    ► Examine and explain the reasons each area received its name.

    ► What was the first territory colonized?


    ► Where did it expanded to?
    ► How far did the territory expand in the 18th century
    ►How long ago did these migrations take place, if we take into account the datings
    of the oldest traces of human groups in North America and South America?
    Several researchers have some to the conclusion that they might have happened
    between the years 70,000 and 23,000 BC.

    ► These migrants settles slowly in all the American territory, but it was in the
    region known as Mesoamerica where climate, soil, and nearness to important
    rivers – or, in some cases, the sea – favoured the development of spendorous
    pre-Hispanic civilizations like the Olmec, Huastec, Mayan, Teotihuacán, Zapotec,
    Mixtec, Purepechan, Toltec and Mexica (map1.1)

    ►Some of these cultures saw their development interrupted by the arrival of


    Europeans in America.
    ► In the 16th century, Europeans found themselves in need of exploring and establishing
    new commercial routes to the East because the usual commercial routes were blocked by
    the Turks. Therefore, taking advantage of the geographical location, Portugal sent
    expeditions that took it around Africa to India and China. Spain, the other country in the
    Iberian Peninsula, which it shares with Portugal, a privileged geographical location for the
    search of new maritime routes, organized by its first explorations.
    ► The most important one was led by Christopher Columbus, who, looking for a new
    commercial route to Asia by crossing the Atlantic Ocean, arrived to what is today
    America. With his arrival, Columbus encouraged other sailors to take to sea in search of
    new commercial routes. 25 years later, Francisco Hernández de Córdoba, Juan de
    Grijalva, Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, Hernán Cortés, and others followed.
    ► The European arrival to the territory we now know as Mexico, in the early 16th century,
    marked the establishment of what the European Conquistadors named New Spain, one of
    the most important Spanish colonies in America. The process implied a violent
    domination, the extraction of precious minerals, a cruel government of the Spanish
    Crown, as well as the spiritual and religious conversion of the original inhabitants of
    Mexico.
    Classwork 4.

    ► Draw a world map on a poster. Find the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and the five
    continents on the map; colour Mesoamerica green, Oasis America purple and Arid
    America yellow.
    ► Trace the route that brought Christopher Columbus to America
    ► Discuss the importance of European Voyages of exploration to find new trade
    routes and write them in your notebook.
    The American and Mexican Settlement.

    The pre-Hispanic history of Mexico is the name that historians designated to the historical
    period before the year 1519 when the Spanish soldiers arrived and conquered the
    indigenous people who lived in what is now Mexico. This long period of time started with
    the arrival of the first humans over 12,000 years ago, although there are researches who
    claim that there were groups who came a long time before that.

    In this lesson we will study the first stage of this period (from the year 12000 BC until 3000
    BC, approximately) to explain how the territory of Mexico was populated and how the
    groups pf humans lived when they arrived.
    The origin of humanity and the population of America.
    The humans arrived in what is today Mexico as part of a much bigger movement: the population of the plant by the
    Homo sapiens sapiens, the species that we belong to.

    Modern humans, as they are also called, we developed in Africa approximately 150,00 years ago (although some
    recent investigations suggest an older age). They were the product of a larger evolution that transformed the species
    of hominins, that is to say, the ancestors and relatives of our species.

    From more than half a million years ago, the hominins began to walk upright, allowing them to use their hands to
    make stone tools and cook their food using fire. It is very probable that the Homo sapiens sapiens were the first to
    talk, even though other species of hominins like the Neanderthals , also maybe achieved it.

    The members of our species organized themselves into small groups (called after the archeologists groups) to find
    food and look after themselves. To do this, they manufactured stone tools like spearheads, knives and scrapers to tan
    leather. They also had a complex life ritual, they honoured their dead and they surely composed music and songs and
    danced.

    In various caves around the world, like in those of the Sierra of Saint Francisco in the peninsula of Baja California,
    these first humans made beautiful paintings that represented scenes of hunting rituals and festivities. Though these
    means we can imagine what they thought and what were their beliefs.
    Over tens of thousands of years, the Homo sapiens sapiens migrated around Africa, Europe and Asia. From there they
    passed to Oceania and finally to America, the most remote and isolated continent.
    Various theories exist about how this population occurred. The most probable is that the immigrants
    traveled across the north of Asia to North America by the Bering Strait which separates the peninsulas of
    Kamchatka and Alaska, approximately 15,000 years ago when the planet underwent an ice age: period of
    extremely low temperatures.

    Due to the ice age, the ice caps in the 2 poles were much more extensive than they are now and part of
    the water of the oceans was frozen which made the seal level lower. Because of this, a bridge of land
    formed to join the two continents. Per archeologists, different groups of people crossed this bridge
    throughout the thousands of years that it was available and they slowly advanced to population the
    whole continent that we know as America.

    Even though this theory is more accepted among archeologists, they have made findings of apparently
    older remains in various regions of America (including Mexico), that suggest that there could have been
    humans on the American continent 30,000 years ago or more. However, it is not clear how these groups
    arrived to America and there are arguments about the accuracy of these dates, that is to say about the
    way the age is measured.
    Classwork 5.

    Map of possible routes that the homo


    sapiens took to populate the planet -

    You might also like