Ethnicity and Intercultural Solidarity

ETHNICITY AND
INTERCULTURAL
SOLIDARITY
d Intercultural
an Soli
ty
ici da
ri
hn ty
Et
SUB TOPIC
Solidarity
1. What is Culture?
2. Issues and Concerns in Cultural
Solidarity
3. Principles of Cultural Solidarity
4. Role of Peace Education in Ethnicity and Intercultural Solidarity
5. The Tri-People Relationship in
Mindanao

1. Explain the role of culture

Learning to everyday life of the
individuals, groups, tribes
Objectives: and communities

2. Demonstrate an
understanding of intercultural
solidarity as one of the six
issues in Peace Education
Framework for the
Philippines, particularly in the
Mindanao context;
3. Illustrate cultural sensitivity
and accommodating attitudes
towards cultural, religious,
and ethnic differences
through an open forum.
What is Culture?
Culture is defined as the shared patterns of behaviors

and interactions between members of a culture group,
distinguishing those of another group.
Culture also features the customary beliefs, social

forms and material traits of a racial, religious, or social
group.
What is Culture?
Culture is described as the way of a life within a

particular group of people at a particular time, which
would includes their general customs and beliefs.
Culture shapes humanities and anthropological

thought, creating a divide between human and animal.
Issues and Concerns in
Cultural
Solidarity
Stereotype
Prejudice
Cultural behavior
Tradition
Belief
Ethnicity

Principles of Cultural
Solidarity
Cultural Solidarity
aims to preserve
culture Ethnicities with different

culture strive to preserve
not just their own but
also the culture of
others.
Cultural Solidarity
seeks to defeat Not every human beings
are aware of how culture
ignorance and traditions are
practiced and their
importance to ethnic
groups. This allows
culture appropriation to
happen in which someone
adopts or conduct
cultural elements of a
group in a disrespectful
way.
Cultural Solidarity
chooses
understanding over
It is to understand that
dispute
every culture is unique
and creative. It is built
from years and years of
practice and
representation of their
lifestyle
Role of Peace in
Ethnicity & Cultural
Solidarity
Many communities today are composed of divergent cultural
traditions and ethnic groups' origins.
Conflict often results, however, because groups do not respect
or tolerate each other's world view and fail to reconcile their
differences through a creative non-violent strategies.
Peace is the path we take for bringing
growth and prosperity to society. If we do
not have peace and harmony, achieving
political strength, economic stability and
cultural growth will be impossible.
Ethnicity
Definition:
Ethnicity is considered to be shared characteristics such as
culture, language, religion, and traditions, which contribute to
a person or group's identity.
DIALOGUE
Dialogue is a conversation based on humility, respect
and openness which allows us to learn about each
other.
By learning about each other, unmanageable
situations can become manageable. Dialogue
enhances relationships in a community and
strengthen the social fabric. Dialogue opens the
door to peaceful co-existence.
House Bill 8637 or known as "Anti-Racial,
Ethnic and Religious Discrimination Act"
which seeks to protect and enhance the
rights of all people to human dignity,
reduce social, economic and political
inequalities, as well as remove cultural
inequities.
DIFFERENT
ORGANIZATIONS OR
MOVEMENT PROMOTING
PEACE
IN MINDANAO
INTER-RELIGIOUS
SOLIDARITY
MOVEMENT FOR
PEACE
IRSMP envisions a society

in peace and harmony
where wholeness and
integrity are developed;
where everyone possesses
dignity as children of the
same Almighty God; and
where power rests in the
hands of the people.
AGONG PEACE
NETWORK
is composed of community-
based peace educators who
envision a Mindanao where the
tri-people live and enjoy growth
and equity; respect for human
rights, self-determination,
religious freedom, justice and
protection of the life-giving
environment.
CONTRIBUTION
CONSORTIUM OF
BANGSAMORO CIVIL
SOCIETY (CBCS)
The Consortium envisions

a society governed by
justice where all peoples
exercise their
unchallengeable rights to
self-determination; exist
harmoniously and live in
prosperity with dignity.
MINDANAO PEACE
ADVOCATES
CONFERENCE (MPAC)
MPAC was born in 1990, in a time
when “peace advocacy” was not yet
popularly used. The peace talks
between the Government of the
Republic of the Philippines (GRP)
and the Moro National Liberation
Front (MNLF) became major
challenges to the peace advocates.
Community efforts were
undertaken by MPAC’s member-
organizations through the Tulunan
Peace Zones and the Quick
Response Teams.
Mindanao Peoples Caucus (MPC)
A tri-people, multicultural and interfaith

network of Muslims, Christians and
Indigenous leaders. Formerly known as
Mindanao Tri-people’s Caucus, MPC was
established during the Tri-peoples
Grassroots Dialogue organized by the
Initiatives for International Dialogue (IID)
in April 2001 in response to the challenge
of peace-building work among the tri-
peoples (indigenous peoples, Bangsamoro
and Christian settlers).
Mindanao Peoples Peace Movement
was formally established during the

Mindanao Grassroots Peoples’ Peace
Summit held on July 26-28, 2000 in
Davao City. It aims to help
coordinate and unify the
spontaneous efforts of all peace-
loving groups in Mindanao, in order
to attain a comprehensive
resolution to the Mindanao Crisis.

THE TRI-PEOPLE OF
MINDANAO
The history of conflict & peace negotiations.
•Underlying the basis of the conflict
in Mindanao are struggles among
the Moro and indigenous non-
Muslim peoples for greater socio-
economic development, equal
recognition and support for their
cultural and religious identities, and
social justice.
The tri-people of mindanao
Muslims, or as they call themselves the Moro or Bangasamoro

(“Moro nation”), are made up of 13 ethno-linguistic groups,
including the Iranun, Jama Mapun, Palawani. Molbog, Kalagan,
Kalibugan, Maguindanao, Maranao, Sama, Sangil, Tausug, Badjao,
and Yakan. Today, Dr. Rodil estimates they comprise about 20
percent of the total Mindanao and Sulu population.
The Lumad, a generic term for the non-Muslim and non-
Christian tribal groups, or “cultural communities” in
Mindanao, are also very diverse. They consist of the
various ethnolinguistic groups that are not Muslim, e.g.,
the Ata, Bagobo, Mamanua, Mandaya, Kamayo,
Mangguwangan, Manobo, Mansaka, Matigsalog, Subanun,
Tagakaolo, Tala-andig, T’boli, Tiruray and Ubo.
Christians also comprise an indigenous group in
Mindanao, however, as almost 200,000 Visayan-
speaking peoples of northern and eastern Mindanao
were converted to Christianity during the Spanish
colonial period. These include some peoples of
Butuan, Davao, Camiguin island, Cagayan de Oro,
Misamis Oriental, Iligan, Ozamiz, Dapitan, Dipolog, and
the Chavacano of Zamboanga City, among others.
Root Causes of the Conflict
● failure of the national government to integrate Moro

peoples into a national Filipino identity.
● the economic exploitation of Mindanao’s resources
and the migration of Filipinos from the north that led to
a loss of ancestral lands .
● the Moro struggle for self-rule.
Peace negotiations
President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo embarked on a renewed effort to
negotiate peace with the MILF. As of this time, October 2004, a
Malaysian-led peace monitoring team has arrived in Mindanao and is
expected to stay for up to a year. Formal peace negotiations between
the Philippine government and the MILF, brokered by Malaysia and
involving representatives of the Organization of Islamic Conference,
are expected to resume again in Malaysia in November after the end
of the holy Islamic fasting month of Ramadan.
Peace negotiations
The goal is to discuss a comprehensive solution that

involves many different areas of concern to the Moro
Filipino population, including self-governance, socio-
economic development, Islamic shari’ah and education,
a multi-cultural curriculum and recognition of ancestral
lands in the ARMM (Basilan, Lanao del Sur,
Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, and Marawi City).
Peace negotiations
The leader of the MILF, Ebrahim Murad, has stated

publicly that the 12,000 members of his group are
united and committed to negotiating with the
Philippine national government over a pre-agreed upon
set of issues for resolving the conflict.
THAT'S ALL
THANK YOU!
REFERENCES:
Culture. CULTURE | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary. (n.d.).
Retrieved October 8, 2022, from
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/culture
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Culture. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary.
Retrieved October 7, 2022, from https://www.merriam-
webster.com/dictionary/culture
Tonutti, S. (2011). Anthropocentrism and the Definition of ‘Culture’as a Marker of
the Human/Animal Divide. In Anthropocentrism (pp. 183-200). Brill.
What is culture? The Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition
(CARLA): Culture. (n.d.). Retrieved October 7, 2022, from
https://carla.umn.edu/culture/definitions.html

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ETHNICITY AND

1. Explain the role of culture

Objectives: and communities

Culture is defined as the shared patterns of behaviors

Culture also features the customary beliefs, social

Culture is described as the way of a life within a

Culture shapes humanities and anthropological

culture Ethnicities with different

IRSMP envisions a society

The Consortium envisions

A tri-people, multicultural and interfaith

was formally established during the

Muslims, or as they call themselves the Moro or Bangasamoro

● failure of the national government to integrate Moro

The goal is to discuss a comprehensive solution that

The leader of the MILF, Ebrahim Murad, has stated

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