Senior High School

Grade 11

Reading and Writing Skills

ENGLISH LEARNING KIT

Fourth Quarter – MELC 1

Identifying the Context in

which a Text was Developed
Development Team of English Learning Kit

Writers: Marjorie M. Edang Rhea B. Sumagaysay

Illustrators: Armand Glenn S. Lapor Mark T. Dasa

Layout Artists: Lilibeth E. Larupay Armand Glenn S. Lapor

Ricky T. Salabe

Division Quality Assurance Team:

Lilibeth E. Larupay Dr. Eugenio L. Mallorca
Armand Glenn S. Lapor Ma. Jonalyn O. Gegato
Dr. Romnick T. Sancada Michael D. Elisteria
Ruby D. Blando

Management Team: Dr. Roel F. Bermejo Dr. Novelyn M. Vilchez

Dr. Ferdinand S. Sy Dr. Azucena T. Falales
Ruben S. Libutaque Dr. Eugenio L. Mallorca
Lilibeth E. Larupay

Grade 11 – Reading and Writing

Competency: Identify the Context in which a Text was developed: 1
a. Hypertext, b. Intertext
(EN11/12RWS-IVac-7,7.1,7.2)
Grade 11-Reading and Writing
Competency: Competency: Identify the Context in which a Text was developed EN11/12RWS-IVac-7,7.1,7.2
 English 11 - Learning Activity Sheet

Name of Learner: ____________________________________________________

Grade and Section: ______________________________ Date: ______________

IDENTIFYING THE CONTEXT IN WHICH A TEXT WAS DEVELOPED

I. Learning Competency with Code

Competency: Identify the context in which a text was developed tomorrow

a. Hypertext
b. Intertext (EN11/12RWS-IVac-7, 7.1, 7.2)

II. Background Information for Learner

Identifying the Context of Text Development1

Being a critical reader also involves understanding that texts are always
developed with a certain context. A text is neither written nor read in a vacuum; its
meaning and interpretation are affected by a given set of circumstances. Thus, context
is defined as the social, cultural, political, and other related circumstances that
surround the text and form the terms from which it can be better understood and
evaluated. In discovering a reading’s context, you may ask questions like:

 When was the work written?

 What were the circumstances that produced it?
 What issues did it deal with?

There are two techniques in which a text is developed:2

1. Hypertext -presents a new way to read on-line text that differs from reading the
standard linear text. Texts are typically presented in a linear form, in
which there is a single way to progress through text, starting from the
beginning and reading to the end. However, in hypertext, information or
data can be presented in a semantic network in which multiple related
sections of the text are connected to each other.

1
Rodriguez M. and Tiongson, M. (2016). Reading and Writing Skills. 2016th ed. Sta. Mesa Heights,
Quezon City: Rex Bookstore.
2
“Reading and Writing Lesson on Context of Text Development.” Www.youtube.com,
www.youtube.com/watch?v=zWUfVE7UNsI&ab_channel=DerickJohnDeGuzman. Accessed 26 Apr.
2021.
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Grade 11-Reading and Writing
Competency: Competency: Identify the Context in which a Text was developed EN11/12RWS-IVac-7,7.1,7.2
 Hypertext Example

Screenshots from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernar
do_Carpio

As you can see in the given example, the highlighted words such as Philippine
Mythology, Montalban, and Indigenous Philippine Folk Religions were hyperlinked.
Clicking one of those words would lead you to a different page which develops and
explains the context of the hypertext Wikipedia information about the legendary
character in Philippine Mythology, Bernardo Carpio. A reader then is free to skim
through the sections of the text and may jump from one related topic to another
depending on what aspect of the text interests him or her. Thus, in reading with
hypertext, one is given more flexibility and personalization to select the order in which
he or she reads the text and focus on information that is relevant to their background
and interests.

2. Intertext3 - intertextuality is the modeling of a text’s meaning by another text. It is

the connections between language, images, characters, themes, or subjects
depending on their similarities in language, genre, or discourse. This is seen when an
author borrows and transforms a prior text, or when you read one text and you
reference another. Thus, intertextuality becomes a dialogue among different texts and
interpretations of the writer, the audience, and the current and earlier cultural contexts.

3
Rodriguez, M. and Tiongson, M. (2016). Reading and Writing Skills. 2016th ed. Sta. Mesa Heights,
Quezon City: Rex Bookstore.

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Grade 11-Reading and Writing
Competency: Competency: Identify the Context in which a Text was developed EN11/12RWS-IVac-7,7.1,7.2
 Intertext Example

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Source: https://greekgodsandgoddesses.net/

Bernardo_Carpio gods/poseidon/
In the given example, the local legend of folk hero Bernardo Carpio has many
versions of his tale, but local folklore says he is a giant who causes earthquakes. In
Greek mythology, there is also Poseidon, who is the god of sea and earthquakes.
There are similarities that both legendary figures were attributed to a natural disaster.

According to Julia Kristeva, nearly all works contain some forms of reference to
another work of the past.4 She believes that the individual text and the cultural text are
made from the same textual material and cannot be separated from each other.

Here are some examples of many famous literatures on different media that
employ the use of intertextuality.

4
Simandan, V.M. (December 2010). “Julia Kristeva’s Concepts of Intertextuality” Retrieved March 4, 2021 from,
https://www.simandan.com/kristevas-concepts-of-intertextuality/.

4
Grade 11-Reading and Writing
Competency: Competency: Identify the Context in which a Text was developed EN11/12RWS-IVac-7,7.1,7.2
Source: Wikepedia.org (left: Dracula & Twilight, center: Noah’s Ark & Evan Almighty, right: Darna & Woderwoman)

In the example, you can see three sets of images of different writings and movies
showing intertextuality. The similarities in the context are clearly seen. So when you are
going to read or watch them, it is easier for you to understand if you have a background of
the other text. Example, watching Evan Almighty is more relatable if you have a prior
knowledge about the story of Noah’s Ark from the Bible.

Moreover, in formal essays, intertextuality is a key part of the research process. When
you cite a source, you are taking a little chunk of someone else’s text and building it into your
own argument.

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Educational Site

1) “Bernardo Carpio” (2021). Retrieved January 29, 2021 from https://en.wikipedia.

org/org/wiki/Bernardo_Carpio
2) Mambrol, N. (March 2016). Julia Kristeva: Intertextuality. Retrieved March 13,
2021 from https://literariness.org/2016/03/22/julia-kristeva-intertextuality/#:~:text
=A%20term%20popularised%20by%20Julia,of%20irreducible%20plural%20
and%20provisional.03/09/21
3) Poseidon facts, information and stories from ancient Greek mythology.
(September 2014). Retrieved March 8, 2021 from https://greekgodsand
goddesses.net/gods/poseidon/
4) “Reading and Writing Lesson on Context of Text Development.” Www.youtube.
com, www.youtube.com/watch?v=zWUfVE7UNsI&ab_channel=DerickJohn
DeGuzman. Accessed 26 Apr. 2021.
5) Rodriguez, M. and Tiongson, M. (2016). Reading and Writing Skills. 2016th ed.
Sta. Mesa Heights, Quezon City: Rex Bookstore.
6) Simandan, V.M. (December 2010). “Julia Kristeva’s Concepts of Intertextuality”
Retrieved March 4, 2021 from, https://www.simandan.com/kristevas-
concepts-of-intertextuality/.
7) What Is Context in Writing? Types and Significance. Retrieved March 8, 2021
from https://examples.yourdictionary.com/what-is-context-in-writing-types-
and-significance.html
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Grade 11-Reading and Writing
Competency: Competency: Identify the Context in which a Text was developed EN11/12RWS-IVac-7,7.1,7.2
 IV. Activity Proper

Activity 1: Let’s Link

Directions: Observe the hyperlink text shown in the picture. Imagine that you are
searching on the internet for information about Philippine Eagle. What
might be the data can you obtain? Using the texts below, answer the
questions that follow. Write it in your answer sheets/notebook.

Questions:
1. What three (3) topics are hyperlinked to Philippine Eagle?
2. What information is being explained by the hyperlink on Accipitrine?
Write the idea in your own words.
3. How does the hypertext technique help you in identifying context in the texts you
are reading?

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Grade 11-Reading and Writing
Competency: Competency: Identify the Context in which a Text was developed EN11/12RWS-IVac-7,7.1,7.2
 Activity 2: Finding Connections
Directions: Look at the pictures carefully. Are they familiar to you? Then, answer
the questions that follow on your answer sheets/activity notebook.

1. What is the title of the movie in each picture?

2. What technique of context development is used in relating the two images? Explain.
3. As a child, you have heard about the story of Sleeping Beauty, how did this help
you understand Maleficent’s story?

Activity 3: Untangling the Knots

Directions: Find for a Local Color within your community. Make a semantic map of a
topic you are interested in. Use hypertext or intertext in presenting the
information about your topic. You may use the sample format but you can
also create your own pattern. Be sure to cite your sources below the
semantic map. Place your answer on a short sized bond paper.

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Grade 11-Reading and Writing
Competency: Competency: Identify the Context in which a Text was developed EN11/12RWS-IVac-7,7.1,7.2
 RUBRICS FOR A SEMANTIC MAP

Category 4 3 2 1
The semantic map The semantic map The semantic map The semantic map
Content includes the major misses some major misses most major does not present major
points of the material. points of the material. points of the material. points of the material.
The semantic map The semantic map The semantic map The semantic map
Illustration includes at least 5 includes at least 4 includes at least 3 does not include
relevant illustrations relevant illustrations relevant illustrations relevant illustrations
that best represent that best represent that best represent the that best represent the
the topic. the topic. topic. topic.
The semantic map is The semantic map is The semantic map not The semantic map not
Neatness very neat and orderly. somewhat neat and neat and orderly. It is neat and orderly. It is
It is clearly readable. orderly. It is readable. somewhat readable. not readable.

Remember:
A hypertext is a form of web writing. Articles found in Wikipedia, blogs, and other online
websites are examples of hypertext writing because the text contains hyperlinks that lead
the reader to other related articles, websites, or other media. On the other hand, intertext
deals with how texts are interrelated. Most literary pieces are influenced by famous works
of authors.

V. Reflection

My Cup of Tea
Directions: Reflect on what you have learned by answering the following questions
on your answer sheet or activity notebook.
What about today’s lesson was What about today’s lesson was
your “cup of tea”? NOT your “cup of tea”?
(You liked) (You did not like)

Source: http://clipart-library.com
/clipart/8i68g8x6T.htm
VI. Answer Key
Reflection: Answers may vary.
Activity 3: Answers may vary. Activity 2: Answers may vary. Activity 1: Answers may vary.

Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all Times.

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Grade 11-Reading and Writing
Competency: Competency: Identify the Context in which a Text was developed EN11/12RWS-IVac-7,7.1,7.2